Ulayini kaphethiloli: isikimu, izinhlobo, imisebenzi, impahla, ukufakwa kanye nokuhlanza
Kulesi sihloko, uzofunda ukuthi uyini ulayini wamafutha? Uhlelo lwayo, izinhlobo, umsebenzi, impahla, ukufakwa kanye nesihlanzi kuchazwa ngezithombe. Uma udinga ifayela le-PDF? Vele uyilande ekupheleni kwesihloko. Uyini ulayini wamafutha? Ulayini kaphethiloli waziwa njengepayipi noma ipayipi elisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa uphethiloli usuka kwelinye iphuzu uye kwelinye noma usuka ethangini lokugcina uyiswe emotweni. Ulayini kaphethiloli uvame ukwenziwa ngenjoloba eqinisiwe ukuze kuvinjwe ukudabula nokugoqa. Ngezinye izikhathi ibuye yenziwe ngezinto zepulasitiki, nakuba zitholakala ku-chassis yemoto, kodwa zisesimweni esibuthakathaka. Zifakwe ezindaweni ezivezwe izakhi, izimo zomgwaqo noma ukushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayikwazi ukonakala ngenxa yenjini ehambayo. I-Ejensi Yokuvikela Imvelo Yase-U.S. Iqoka Ulayini Wamafutha...
Kungani i-cabin iphunga likaphethiloli
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi uphethiloli unuka kanjani. Futhi nakuba abanye abantu bethola iphunga layo limnandi kakhulu, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokungananazi ukuthi alinampilo kakhulu. Eqinisweni, ingenye yobuthi obuyingozi kakhulu umuntu okufanele abhekane nayo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Ukuhogela umoya kaphethiloli wezimoto kubangela ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, ukudakwa izidakamizwa, isicanucanu, nomuzwa wokukhathala okukhulu. Ngenxa yokuchayeka kaningi kumithamo emincane yezinto ezinobuthi eziqukethwe yintuthu kaphethiloli, ubuthi obungapheli bungakhula, lapho isimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi, isibindi, isimiso sokuzala, nobuchopho buthinteka. Imithamo emikhulu ingaholela kushevu oyingozi, obonakala ngokuphelelwa umoya, ukudlikiza, ukubona izinto ezingekho, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kugcine ngokufa. Ngokuya ngokugcwala komhwamuko kaphethiloli emoyeni, izimpawu zobuthi zingase ...
Izithasiselo enjinini: inhloso, izinhlobo
Isengezo yinto eyengezwa kumafutha noma izithambisi ukuze kuthuthukiswe izici zazo ezithile. Izithasiselo zingaba yifekthri nomuntu ngamunye. Eyokuqala yengezwa emafutheni ngabakhiqizi ngokwabo, kanti uhlobo lwesibili lwezithako lungathengwa esitolo ngokwakho. Zisetshenziswa abashayeli kanye nezikhungo zesevisi ukuxazulula izinkinga ezithile, kucatshangelwa isimo sangempela senjini. Ezinye izithasiselo zisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukushiswa kukaphethiloli, ezinye ukuqeda intuthu eyandayo yemoto, kanti ezinye ukuvimbela ukugqwala kwezinsimbi noma i-oxidation yezinto zokugcoba. Othile ufuna ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli noma ukwandisa impilo kawoyela, othile udinga ukuhlanza injini kumadiphozithi ekhabhoni kanye nensimu noma aqede ukuvuza kwamafutha ... Ngosizo lwezithako zesimanje zezimoto, cishe noma iyiphi inkinga ingaxazululwa! ...
Qaphela: amabala noma ama-puddles ngaphansi kwemoto
Amachashaza noma ama-puddles ngaphansi kwemoto akufanele nanini ashiywe enganakiwe. Kuhlala kusho uhlobo oluthile lokuvuza. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu akunangozi ngokuphelele noma kuyisidingo sobuchwepheshe. Kodwa-ke, ukuvuza okuningi kuwumphumela wesici esingaba nemiphumela ecasulayo noma emibi kakhulu. Funda lesi sihloko ngakho konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nama-puddles ngaphansi kwemoto yakho. Uketshezi emotweni yakho Kunoketshezi oluningi oluzungeza emotweni yakho, ngalunye lunezici ezithile kanye nenjongo echazwe kahle. Bambalwa kuphela abavunyelwe ukubaleka. Uma sifingqa zonke izinto eziwuketshezi emotweni, singakwazi ukuhlukanisa lolu hlu olulandelayo: - uphethiloli: uphethiloli noma udizili - okothambisa: uwoyela wenjini, uwoyela webhokisi likagiya, uwoyela ohlukile - uketshezi lwebhuleki - okokupholisa - condensate ku-air conditioner - isiqandisi esiwuketshezi somoya conditioner - i-asidi yebhethri Isinyathelo 1: Ukuthola ama-puddles ngaphansi kwemoto Okokuqala...
Isihlungi samafutha - uyini umsebenzi waso? Ingabe idinga ukushintshwa?
Kuvelaphi ukungcola kukaphethiloli? Empeleni, umehluko ungenziwa phakathi kwezinto zangaphandle nezangaphakathi. Esokuqala sihlanganisa ukufaka uphethiloli ngophethiloli ongcolile - ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka eziteshini zikaphethiloli ezinedumela elingabazisayo. Izici zangaphakathi ukungcola okutholakala ohlelweni lukaphethiloli ngenxa yokugqwala kanye nemvula ephuma kuphethiloli bese inqwabelana njengenhlabathi phansi ethangini. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziqhamukaphi, zigcina sezingenile esisefweni sikaphethiloli, esiklanyelwe ukuthi sizimise ngaphambi kokuthi zifike enjinini. Izihlungi zamafutha - izinhlobo kanye nomklamo Kuye ngohlobo lukaphethiloli okufanele ahlanzwe, izihlungi kufanele zibe nomklamo ohlukile. Uphethiloli okhumbuza ikani lensimbi elinamabhobho amabili ngokuphambana ...
Ukuthela uphethiloli kudizili - ungakuvimbela kanjani ukungasebenzi kahle? Kuthiwani ngenjini yesitimela evamile?
Ikakhulukazi esimweni se-diesel units, kulula ukwenza iphutha - ithiphu ye-gas distributor (isibhamu) inobubanzi obuncane, okwenza kube lula ukufaka intamo yokugcwalisa emotweni enenjini ye-diesel. Ngakho-ke, ukuthela uphethiloli kudizili kwenzeka kaningi kunamaphutha okuphambene nalokho. Ngenhlanhla, lokhu akudingekile ukuthi kugcine kulimaza idrayivu. Ukuthela uphethiloli kudizili - iyini imiphumela? Njengoba okuhlangenwe nakho kwabasebenzisi abaningi, kanye nokuhlolwa okuzimele, kubonisa, uphethiloli ongalungile ethangini awubangeli ngempela ukwehluleka kwedizili. Uma uqaphela iphutha lakho ngesikhathi futhi uthele inani elincane lamafutha angalungile ethangini (kufika ku-20% wevolumu yethangi likaphethiloli), cishe kuzokwanela ukugcwalisa uwoyela futhi ubheke ukusebenza kwenjini. Izinjini ezindala kufanele zihambe kahle...
Ukushintsha isihlungi sikadizili - ungakwenza kanjani!
Isihlungi sikadizili esingcolile noma esivalekile singaholela ngokushesha ezinkingeni ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile hhayi nje ukuyihlola njalo, kodwa futhi ukufaka esikhundleni isihlungi sikaphethiloli uma kunesidingo. Ukuvakashela i-workshop ekhethekile kuyadingeka kuphela ezimotweni ezimbalwa kakhulu. Njengomthetho, isihlungi sikaphethiloli singashintshwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga ngokwakho. Ngezansi kukhona lonke ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nesihlungi sikadizili nokushintshwa kwaso. Imisebenzi yesihlungi sikaphethiloli we-diesel ngokuningiliziwe Isihlungi sikadizili sisebenzela ukuvikela injini nokwelula impilo yayo. Ngisho nophethiloli wezinga eliphezulu ungaqukatha izinhlayiya ezincane ezintantayo ezingaphazamisa amapiston azwelayo ngaphakathi enjinini. Yingakho isihlungi sikaphethiloli siqinisekisa ukuthi lonke uketshezi luyahlungwa endleleni eya enjinini, ukuze kungabikho ukungasebenzi kahle okungenzeka lapha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlayiya ezintantayo zisenganamathela kusihlungi futhi...
Fuel Injector - Diesel Ignition Pressure
Imibhobho noma imibhobho isetshenziselwa ukunikeza njalo inani elifanele likaphethiloli endaweni evuthayo yezinjini zikadizili. Lezi zingxenye ezincane kodwa ezigcizelelwe kakhulu zigcina injini isebenza kahle izikhathi eziyizinkulungwane ngomzuzu. Nakuba zenziwe ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, lezi zingxenye zingaphansi kokuguga. Lapha ungafunda ukuthi ungawabona kanjani ama-injection kaphethiloli anephutha nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nokuphuka. I-Direct Injection Engine Idinga I-Pressure Diesel Izinjini zibizwa ngokuthi "self-igniters". Lokhu kusho ukuthi azidingi ukuthungela kwangaphandle ngendlela ye-spark plug ukushisa uphethiloli. Ingcindezi yokuminyanisa ekhiqizwa ipiston ehambayo eya phezulu yanele ukuthi ibangele ukuqhuma okufiswayo kwengxube yodizili nomoya. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi inani elilungile likaphethiloli wedizili lifakwe endaweni evuthayo ngesikhathi esifanele…
Ukungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu yomjovo kaphethiloli - kusho ukuthini ukukhanya kwe-Check Engine? Bheka ukuthi yiziphi izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokuhluleka komjovo!
Uma ilambu le-Check Engine likhanya kudeshibhodi, kungase kusho ukuthi udinga ukubonana nochwepheshe. Ngokuvamile lena yindlela izinzwa ezibonisa ngayo ukwehluleka komjovo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungakuvimbela kanjani lokhu nokuthi wenzeni uma kwenzeka. Isistimu yokujova amafutha - kuyini? Kubiza malini ukulungisa nokufaka ama-injection kaphethiloli? Isistimu yomjovo ihlinzeka ngophethiloli enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi futhi inesibopho sokuthutha uphethiloli, igesi noma udizili kuyunithi yokushayela. Kukhona ama-injection amaningana ezimotweni zanamuhla, futhi ngayinye yazo ibiza ama-euro angu-200! Kulula ukubala ukuthi ukufaka ama-injection esikhundleni sama-injection amasha kungabiza ama-zloty ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa. Imvamisa, izimoto zikadizili ziyalimala, ezishayela ikakhulukazi edolobheni ohambweni olufushane. Bese bayanqwabelana...
I-fuel pressure regulator eyonakele - izimpawu
Kulesi sihloko, uzofunda ukuthi isilawuli somfutho kaphethiloli esingalungile siyithinta kanjani imoto yakho. Izimpawu zokwehluleka azihlali zicacile, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukuhlola isimo salesi sici esincane kodwa esibalulekile ngokuqhubekayo. Isilawuli sengcindezi yamafutha - isebenza kanjani le ngxenye? Umsebenzi we-regulator ukuvala nokuvula ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli ohlelweni lomjovo futhi lusebenza ngokuqondile ne-multifold intake. I-subassembly iqukethe i-winding, i-core ene-electromagnetic, i-valve yebhola, futhi konke lokhu kufakwe endlini evaliwe. Ngenxa yenzwa yokucindezela kukaphethiloli, idivayisi yazi kahle ukuthi idlule nini inani elivumelekile futhi ivula ivalvu yokuphuma lapho uphethiloli ongasetshenzisiwe ugeleza ubuyela ethangini. Ukulungisa ingcindezi phakathi komthamo wokuthatha kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwenjini okuzinzile, ngakho...
Ukushintsha isihlungi sikaphethiloli ezimotweni ngokwakho - funda ukuthi ungashintsha kanjani isihlungi sikaphethiloli ezinjinini zedizili.
Isici sokuhlunga amafutha sitholakala ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zemoto. Ngakho-ke, awuhlali ufinyelela kalula kukho. Nokho, ukufaka esikhundleni isihlungi sikaphethiloli kulula kakhulu ezimweni eziningi. Likhuphuka nini izinga lobunzima? Uma imoto indala, kuba nzima nakakhulu lo msebenzi. Indlela yokubuyisela isihlungi sikaphethiloli emotweni? Funda umhlahlandlela wethu! Isihlungi samafutha - sikuphi emotweni? Udinga ukwazi ukuthi ikuphi le nto uma uzoyishintsha. Yilapho iladi lisiza khona, ngoba ngokuvamile lesi sici singafihlwa: endaweni yenjini; ethangini likaphethiloli; emigqeni kaphethiloli; ngaphansi kwemoto. Uma usuvele ukutholile, manje ungadlulela ekumiseleni isihlungi. Yiziphi izigaba ezahlukene? Funda kabanzi! Ungasishintsha kanjani isihlungi sikaphethiloli ku...
Ukushintsha iphampu yamafutha - kwenziwa kanjalo!
Imoto ayikwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kwe-petroli egijima futhi egijimayo noma iphampu yamafutha. Impilo yephampu kaphethiloli yakhelwe impilo yemoto, kodwa njenganoma iyiphi enye ingxenye, iphampu yamafutha nayo ingahluleka. Sizokukhombisa ukuthi ungakubona kanjani ukwehluleka kwephampu kaphethiloli, ungayifaka kanjani esikhundleni nokuthi yiziphi izindleko ongazilindela. Indlela Iphampu Yezibaseli Esebenza Ngayo Iphampu yamafutha, eyaziwa ngokuthi yiphampu kaphethiloli, isebenza ngogesi ezimotweni eziningi zesimanje. Amaphampu kaphethiloli ekuqaleni athuthukiswa njengalokho okubizwa ngokuthi amaphampu agelezayo. Uphethiloli, kulokhu uphethiloli, uthuthelwa eyunithi yomjovo kusetshenziswa i-vane noma i-impeller ngaphakathi kwepompo. Iphampu kaphethiloli ayisebenzi ngendlela yokulawula, kodwa ihlinzeka ngophethiloli eyunithi yomjovo. Uphethiloli ongasetshenzisiwe ubuyiselwa kuphethiloli ...
Isihlungi sekhabethe Okuzenzakalelayo. Kuphi? Imvamisa yokushintsha.
Isihlungi sekhabhinethi: sitholakala kuphi, indlela yokufaka esikhundleni - imvamisa yokushintsha isihlungi somoya sekhabhinethi Ingabe kukhona iphunga elibi ekamelweni, futhi amafasitela aphelile? Lokhu kuqedwa kalula - udinga nje ukushintsha isihlungi se-cabin futhi hhayi imoto kuphela, kodwa futhi umzimba uzokubonga. Imoto iyisihlungi sangempela, futhi asikhulumi nge-trunk yomshayeli owongayo. Ukusebenza okuvamile kokudalwa komshini kunzima noma akunakwenzeka uma umoya, uwoyela, uphethiloli futhi, ekugcineni, isici sokuhlanza ekudluliseni okuzenzakalelayo sesingasebenziseki. Okungenani azikhohliwe futhi zishintshwa njalo. Kodwa kukhona isihlungi, esivame ukukhohlwa. Umatasatasa ehlanza umoya ongena endlini encane futhi akabalulekile neze empilweni. Sikuphi isihlungi sekhabethe Ngokuvamile...
Ingabe i-relay yephampu yamafutha ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Iphampu yamafutha ingenye yezingxenye ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kunoma iyiphi imoto. Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho imoto iqalwa futhi isebenza, iphampu yamafutha kufanele isebenze. Ziningi izingxenye ezisiza iphampu kaphethiloli ukuthi yenze umsebenzi ebiklanyelwe ukuwenza. Isibaseli… Iphampu yamafutha ingenye yezingxenye ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kunoma iyiphi imoto. Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho imoto iqalwa futhi isebenza, iphampu yamafutha kufanele isebenze. Ziningi izingxenye ezisiza iphampu kaphethiloli ukuthi yenze umsebenzi ebiklanyelwe ukuwenza. I-fuel fuel relay isiza ukulawula inani lamandla kagesi anikezwa iphampu yesibaseli. Lapho imoto iqaliswa, i-relay yepompo likaphethiloli ithumela inani likagesi elidingekayo ukuze uvule iphampu futhi uqale inqubo yokuvutha. Ngaso sonke isikhathi uma imoto iqala futhi igijima, i-fuel fuel relay...
Ipayipi likaphethiloli lihlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Ukuba nenani elifanele likaphethiloli endaweni evuthayo yemoto kubalulekile ukugcina imoto isebenza kahle. Kunezingxenye eziningi ezihlukene ezinesibopho sokugcina uphethiloli uqhubeka… Ukuba nenani elifanele likaphethiloli endaweni evuthayo yemoto kubalulekile ukugcina imoto isebenza kahle. Kunezingxenye eziningi ezihlukene ezinesibopho sokugcina uhlelo lukaphethiloli lusebenza. Ukuze unikeze igesi esuka ethangini likaphethiloli iye endaweni evuthayo, amapayipi kaphethiloli kufanele abe sesimweni esihle. Lawa mapayipi angenziwa ngepulasitiki, irabha noma insimbi. Uma ulayini ofanayo kaphethiloli usele isikhathi eside emotweni, maningi amathuba okuba kudingeke ukuthi ishintshwe. Njalo uma imoto iqalwa futhi isebenza, amapayipi kaphethiloli kufanele athuthe...
Isihlungi sikaphethiloli (isisizi) sihlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Ithangi likaphethiloli lemoto yakho yindawo lapho wonke uphethiloli owuthela entanyeni yokugcwalisa uya khona. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, leli thangi lizoqala ukuqoqa ukungcola okuningi nezinye izibi. Kungumsebenzi wesihlungi sikaphethiloli ukususa leyo mfucumfucu... Ithangi likaphethiloli lemoto yakho yilapho wonke uphethiloli owuthela entanyeni yokugcwalisa uya khona. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, leli thangi lizoqala ukuqoqa ukungcola okuningi nezinye izibi. Umsebenzi wesihlungi sikaphethiloli wukukhipha le mfucumfucu ngaphambi kokuthi ijikeleze ohlelweni lukaphethiloli. Ukuba nophethiloli ogcwele imfucumfucu ezungeza ohlelweni lukaphethiloli kungaholela ezinkingeni eziningi ezihlukene njengezijojo zikaphethiloli ezivalekile. Lolu hlobo lwesihlungi lusetshenziswa njalo uma usebenzisa…