Ukumiswa nokuqondisa
Iyakhanya, imfashini futhi izinzile: konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nezandiso zamathrekhi!
Amamilimitha ambalwa nje enza umphumela obonakalayo: ithrekhi ebanzi inikeza imoto ukubukeka okusha ngokuphelele. Ukuma kwayo kunamandla, kunamandla ngokuzinza okwengeziwe. Funda konke mayelana nokwandiswa kwethrekhi ngezansi! Ukwandiswa kwethrekhi kungaphezu nje koshintsho ekubukekeni. Ikhwalithi yokushayela nayo iyashintsha. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzicabangele lapho unweba i-gauge, futhi kunezinkinga ezimbalwa. Ukushuna okushibhile kwenziwa ngokushesha Uhlangothi oluhle lokunweba ithrekhi umphumela omkhulu odalwe ngokungenelela okuncane. Empeleni, ukunweba ithrekhi kulula njengokushintsha amasondo. Izinyathelo zokusebenza ziyefana kakhulu. Ukufakwa kwesethi ephelele yama-spacers esondo kuthatha imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu kuphela. Kodwa-ke, lolu shintsho kufanele lwenziwe ngokucophelela, ludinga ukugxilisa ingqondo kanye namathuluzi afanele. Naka isici esingokomthetho Ibanzi ngcono? Akunjalo Empeleni . Ikhothamo lamasondo...
Ukumiswa Kwe-Pilot / Damping Adaptive: Ukusebenza
Ngawo wonke amasu okuhloswe ngawo ukuthuthukisa kanye nokwenza kahle ukumiswa kwezimoto zethu, kukhona esingalahleka kukho... Lapha sizobona ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukumiswa okubizwa nge-pilot (noma okuguquguqukayo), uhlelo olusabalele kakhulu kunokumiswa okusebenzayo ( i-pneumatic, hydropneumatic noma i-hydraulic ene-Mercedes' ABC suspension) ngoba ishibhile ukuyikhiqiza. Ngokunemba kakhudlwana, kungaba okunembe kakhudlwana ukukhuluma ngokudambisa okulawulwayo ngoba ama-piston abamba ukushaqeka alawulwa lapha, hhayi ukumiswa (iziphethu). Kodwa-ke, ngokwazi ukuthi izinto ezibamba ukushaqeka "zishayela" ukumiswa (isivinini sohambo siye phezulu naphansi), singasho ngokungaqondile ukuthi ukumiswa okulingwayo...
Amandla wokuqondisa hose: imisebenzi, ukulungisa, intengo
Imoto yakho inamapayipi amabili anikeza uketshezi lwesiteringi. Lawa mapayipi erabha aqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kokuqondisa kwamandla. Kodwa zingalimala noma zidale ukuvuza. Khona-ke udinga ukufaka esikhundleni se-hose yokuqondisa amandla. ⚙️ Iyini ipayipi yesiteringi samandla? I-hose iyipayipi yokuxhuma, ngokuvamile eyenziwe ngerabha ekhethekile. Amapayipi enjini yakho axhuma izingxenye ezahlukene zenjini yakho. I-Durit ekuqaleni yayiwuphawu lokuthengisa olubhalisiwe. Khona-ke kancane kancane igama lashintsha laba ipayipi. Amapayipi athwala uketshezi oluhlukahlukene enjinini yakho: uwoyela, isipholile, uketshezi lwamabhuleki, njll. Ngakho-ke, imoto yakho inezimbalwa zazo. Phakathi kwazo, ipayipi lokuqondisa lamandla, indima yalo ukuthwala uketshezi lokuqondisa. Amasistimu okuqondisa amaningi ane…
Yini uketshezi lokuqondisa amandla, kanye nezinhlobo nokwehluka kwawo
IHydraulic power steering (HPS) wuhlelo oluyingxenye yesiteringi semoto futhi lwenzelwe ukunciphisa umzamo osetshenziswa umshayeli uma ephendula amasondo. Kuyisekethi evaliwe, ngaphakathi okukhona uketshezi lwesiteringi samandla. Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula izinhlobo zamanzi a-hydraulic, izici zawo kanye nokwehluka. Yini isiteringi samandla? Okokuqala, ake sibheke kafushane idivayisi yesiteringi samandla. Njengoba sekushiwo, uhlelo luvaliwe, okusho ukuthi lungaphansi kwengcindezi. I-power steering ihlanganisa iphampu, i-steering rack ene-hydraulic cylinder, i-reservoir ene-fluid, i-pressure regulator (i-bypass valve), i-spool yokulawula, kanye namapayipi okucindezela nokubuya. Lapho isiteringi siphenduka, i-spool yokulawula iyazungeza, ishintsha ukugeleza kwe-hydraulic. I-hydraulic cylinder ihlanganiswe ne-steering rack futhi isebenza kuzo zombili izinkomba. Iphampu ine...
Idivayisi nenqubo yokusebenza kokumiswa kwe-hydropneumatic Hydractive
Minyaka yonke, abakhiqizi bezimoto bathuthukisa izinhlobo zabo zezimoto, benze izinguquko ezithile ekwakhiweni nasekuhleleni izimoto zezizukulwane zakamuva. Ezinye izibuyekezo zingatholwa yizinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo ezilandelayo: Ukupholisa (umklamo wesistimu yokupholisa yakudala, kanye nokunye ukuguqulwa kwayo, kuchazwe esihlokweni esihlukile); Amafutha (inhloso yawo kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kuxoxwa ngokuningiliziwe lapha); Ukuthungela (kukhona okunye ukubuyekezwa ngakho); I-Fuel (kubhekwa ngokuningiliziwe ngokwehlukana); Ukulungiswa okuhlukahlukene kwawo wonke amasondo, isibonelo, i-xDrive, ongafunda kabanzi ngakho lapha. Kuye ngesakhiwo kanye nenjongo ye-homologation, imoto ingathola izibuyekezo zanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesistimu, ngisho nalolo olungaphoqelekile ezimotweni zanamuhla (imininingwane yezinhlelo zemoto ezinjalo ichazwe ekubuyekezweni okuhlukile). Enye yezinhlelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezihlinzeka ngokuphephile futhi…
Izici Nezinzuzo Zokumiswa Kwe-Magnetic
Noma iyiphi imoto yesimanje, ngisho nesabelomali esiningi, izofakwa ukumiswa. Lolu hlelo, olukwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokugibela okunethezekile emigwaqweni enezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlanganisa. Nokho, ngaphezu kokunethezeka, inhloso yale ngxenye yomshini iwukukhuthaza nokushayela okuphephile. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi kuyini ukumiswa ekubuyekezweni okuhlukile. Njenganoma yiluphi olunye uhlelo lwezimoto, ukumiswa kuyathuthukiswa. Ngenxa yemizamo yonjiniyela abavela kuma-automaker ahlukahlukene, ngaphezu kokuguqulwa kwemishini yakudala, sekukhona umklamo we-pneumatic (funda ngawo ngokuningiliziwe lapha), i-hydraulic, kanye nokumiswa kazibuthe nezinhlobonhlobo zazo. Ake sicabangele ukuthi uhlobo lukazibuthe lokumiswa lusebenza kanjani, ukuguqulwa kwabo, kanye nezinzuzo ngaphezu kwemiklamo yemishini yakudala. Kuyini ukumiswa kazibuthe Naphezu kokuthi uhlelo lokwehla kwentengo yemoto luhlala luthuthukiswa, futhi ...
Abakhiqizi Abahamba Kakhulu Bezimoto
Ama-absorbers wokuqala wokushaqeka, ngokuhlelekile afana namamodeli anamuhla, ngokombono womlando, avele maduzane, ngaphansi kweminyaka eyikhulu edlule. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, izimoto nezinye izimoto zasebenzisa umklamo oqinile - iziphethu zamaqabunga, kuze kube yilolu suku ezisetshenziswa ngempumelelo emalolini nasezitimeleni. Futhi ngo-1903, izimoto zemidlalo ezihamba ngesivinini iMors (Mors) zaqala ukufakwa ezimotweni zezemidlalo ezihamba ngesivinini esikhulu (ukuhlikihla). Lo mshini ususetshenziswe kabanzi ezimotweni iminyaka engaba ngu-50. Kodwa umqondo wokuklama, ukulalela izifiso zabashayeli bezimoto, waveza ngo-1922 i-absorber yeshubhu eyodwa ehluke ngokuyisisekelo kunamanduleli wayo (usuku lushiwo elayisensi yomkhiqizi wase-Italy uLancia). Yafakwa njengokuhlolwa kwemodeli ye-Lambda, futhi eminyakeni emine kamuva amamodeli asebenza ngogesi...
Kuyini ukumiswa nokuphakanyiswa komzimba wemoto
Namuhla, ukukhuphuka kwemvume yomhlabathi akubalulekile kubanikazi be-SUV kuphela. Isimo semigwaqo yasekhaya senza kube nesidingo "sokuphakamisa" izimoto zabo ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala phansi, injini namapani okudlulisela. Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukumiswa nokuphakamisa umzimba, ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani, nokuthi yimaphi ama-nuances avela ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Iyini i-suspension lift yemoto? I-suspension lift ibizwa ngokuthi ukuphakamisa imoto ngokuhlobene nomgwaqo ngokushintsha umklamo ku-chassis. Ukuphakamisa umzimba kubizwa ngokuthi i-body lift, lapho umzimba uphakanyiswa ngokuqhathaniswa nohlaka ngokusebenzisa ama-spacers. Zombili izinketho zinendawo, kodwa ukuze ukhethe indlela efaneleke kakhulu yokwandisa imvume, kufanele ufunde izici zokuklama zomzimba nokumiswa kwemoto ethile, futhi uqonde ukuthi imoto yakho izosebenza kuphi. Umphumela wokuphakamisa ukwanda ...
Idivayisi nenqubo yokusebenza kwebha yokulwa ne-roll
I-anti-roll bar ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile zokumiswa ezimotweni zesimanje. Ingagqami uma uthi nhlá, imininingwane inciphisa ukugoqa komzimba lapho ijika amakhona futhi ivimbela imoto ukuthi ingagingqiki. Kukule ngxenye lapho kuncika khona ukuzinza, ukulawuleka nokuhamba kahle kwemoto, kanjalo nokuphepha komshayeli nabagibeli. Isimiso sokusebenza Inhloso eyinhloko ye-anti-roll bar ukusabalalisa kabusha umthwalo phakathi kwezinto ezinwebekayo zokumiswa. Njengoba wazi, imoto igingqika emakhoneni, futhi kungalesi sikhathi lapho i-anti-roll bar iqala khona ukudlala: ama-struts ahamba ngendlela ehlukile (i-strut eyodwa iphakama futhi enye iwe), kuyilapho ingxenye ephakathi (induku) iqala. ukusonta. Ngenxa yalokho, ohlangothini lapho imoto "yawa" ohlangothini lwayo, i-stabilizer iphakamisa umzimba, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi iyayinciphisa. Okuningi…
Ungashintsha kanjani uketshezi esiteringini samandla
Imoto yokuqala ekhiqizwe ngobuningi ene-power steering yayiyi-Chrysler Imperial model ka-1951, kanti eSoviet Union isiteringi sokuqala samandla savela ngo-1958 ku-ZIL-111. Manje, amamodeli esimanje ambalwa nambalwa afakwe isistimu yokuqondisa yamandla we-hydraulic. Lena iyunithi enokwethenjelwa, kodwa mayelana nokugcinwa kudinga ukunakwa, ikakhulukazi ezindabeni zekhwalithi nokushintshwa koketshezi olusebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esihlokweni sizofunda ukuthi ungashintsha kanjani futhi wengeze uketshezi lokuqondisa amandla. Yini uketshezi lwesiteringi samandla Isistimu yokuqondisa amandla yakhelwe ngokuyinhloko ukwenza ukushayela kube lula, okungukuthi, ukunethezeka okukhulu. Uhlelo luvaliwe, ngakho-ke lusebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi eyenziwe yipompo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma isiteringi samandla sihluleka, ukulawulwa komshini kugcinwa. Uketshezi olukhethekile lwehydraulic (amafutha) lusebenza njengoketshezi olusebenzayo. Yena…
Idivayisi nenqubo yokusebenza kwe-EGUR Servotronic
I-Servotronic electro-hydraulic power steering isiteringi semoto esikhiqiza amandla engeziwe uma umshayeli ejika isiteringi. Eqinisweni, isiteringi samandla kagesi (EGUR) siyisiteringi samandla esithuthukisiwe. Isiteringi samandla kagesi sibonakala ngomklamo othuthukisiwe, kanye nezinga eliphakeme lokunethezeka lapho ushayela nganoma yisiphi isivinini. Cabanga ngesimiso sokusebenza, izingxenye eziyinhloko, kanye nezinzuzo zalesi sici sokuqondisa. Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-EGUR Servotronic Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-electro-hydraulic booster ufana nokusebenza kwe-hydraulic power steering. Umehluko omkhulu wukuthi lapha iphampu yokuqondisa amandla iqhutshwa yinjini kagesi, hhayi injini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Uma imoto ihamba iqonde (isondo lokuqondisa aliguquki), khona-ke uketshezi ohlelweni umane uzungeza isiqondiso kusuka empompini eziqondisa amandla ukuze reservoir futhi emuva. Lapho umshayeli ejika isiteringi...
Imaka iziphethu zemoto ngokuqina
Kunezici ezimbili ezibalulekile kudivayisi yokumiswa kwemoto: i-shock absorber kanye nesiphethu. Ama-absorber othusayo kanye nokuguqulwa kwawo okuhlukahlukene kuchazwa ngokwehlukana. Manje ake sigxile emithonjeni: kuyini ukumaka nokuhlukaniswa kwabo, kanye nendlela yokukhetha umenzi ofanele. Ukwazi lolu lwazi kuzosiza umshayeli ukuthi angalenzi iphutha uma udinga ukuthenga ikhithi entsha yemoto yakho. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko Ngaphambi kokuba siqale ukucabangela izinhlobonhlobo zeziphethu zezimoto, ake sikhumbule kafushane ukuthi kungani zidingeka. Ihamba phezu kwamaqhubu, imoto kumele ihlale ithambe. Uma kungenjalo, uhambo ngeke lwehluke ekuhambeni ngenqola. Ukuqinisekisa ukunethezeka, abakhiqizi bezimoto bahlomisa izimoto ngokumiswa. Eqinisweni, ukunethezeka kokusebenzisa ukumiswa kuyibhonasi eyengeziwe. Inhloso eyinhloko yeziphethu emotweni ukuphepha ...
Idivayisi nezinhlobo zesiteringi
Igiya lokuqondisa liwumshini ohlanganisa ama-lever, ama-rods nama-ball joints futhi aklanyelwe ukudlulisa amandla esuka esiteringini aye emasondweni. Idivayisi inikeza isilinganiso esidingekayo sama-angles okujikeleza kwamasondo, okuthinta ukusebenza kahle kokuqondisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka komshini kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunciphisa ama-self-oscillations amasondo aqondisayo futhi angabeki ukujikeleza kwawo okuzenzakalelayo ngesikhathi sokusebenza kokumiswa kwemoto. Idizayini nezinhlobo zedrayivu yokuqondisa Idrayivu ihlanganisa zonke izakhi ezitholakala phakathi komshini wokuqondisa namasondo esiteringi. Isakhiwo somhlangano sincike ohlotsheni lokumiswa nokuqondisa okusetshenzisiwe. Umshini wegiya lokuqondisa "pinion-rack" Lolu hlobo lokushayela, oluyingxenye yokuqondisa, lusetshenziswa kakhulu. Iqukethe izinti ezimbili ezivundlile, amathiphu esiteringi kanye nezingalo ezishwibayo ze-suspension struts yangaphambili.…
Idivayisi nenqubo yokusebenza yokumiswa okuxhomekile
Ukumiswa okuncikile kuhluke kwezinye izinhlobo zokumiswa ngokuba khona kwenduku eqinile ehlanganisa amasondo angakwesokudla nakwesobunxele, ngenxa yokuthi ukunyakaza kwesondo elilodwa kudluliselwa kwelinye. Ukumiswa okuncikile kusetshenziswa lapho ubulula bokuklama kanye nokulungiswa okungabizi kuyadingeka (izimoto zebhajethi), amandla nokwethembeka (amaloli), ukuvunyelwa komhlaba njalo kanye nohambo olukhulu lokumiswa (izimoto ezingekho emgwaqeni). Cabangela ukuthi yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nobubi lolu hlobo lokumiswa olunalo. Isebenza kanjani I-Dependent suspension i-axle eyodwa eqinile ehlanganisa amasondo angakwesokudla nakwesokunxele. Ukusebenza kwalokhu kumiswa kuhlukaniswa ngephethini ethile: uma isondo lesokunxele liwela emgodini (liwela phansi ngokuqondile), khona-ke elilungile liyakhuphuka futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Ngokuvamile ugongolo luxhunywe emzimbeni wemoto ngosizo lwezakhi ezimbili zokunwebeka (iziphethu). Lo mklamo ulula, kuyilapho ...
Inhloso nedivayisi yekholamu yokuqondisa imoto
Idivayisi yanoma iyiphi imoto ihlanganisa isiteringi. Lolu hlelo lukuvumela ukuthi ubeke isiqondiso semoto ehambayo ngokujika amasondo angaphambili. Kwezinye izinhlobo zesimanje zezimoto zabagibeli, isiteringi siyakwazi ukushintsha kancane ukuma kwamasondo angemuva. Ngenxa yalokho, i-radius yokujika iyancipha kakhulu. Ukuthi ibaluleke kangakanani le parameter ingatholakala esihlokweni esihlukile. Manje ake sigxile emshinini oyinhloko, ngaphandle kwalokho imoto ngeke iphenduke. Lena ikholomu yokuqondisa. Cabangela ukuthi lo mshini ungaba naziphi izinguquko, ulawulwa kanjani, nokuthi ungayilungisa kanjani noma uyishintshe. Iyini ikholomu yesiteringi yemoto I-steering mechanism iqhutshwa umshayeli esebenzisa isiteringi esitholakala endaweni yabagibeli yemoto. Ihambisa i-torque ku-swivel wheel drive.…
Ungakushintsha kanjani kahle ukujoyina kwe-CV emotweni
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto, zonke izingxenye ezihambayo nezenjoloba ekugcineni zihluleka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingxenye ngayinye inomthombo wayo, futhi izimo nendawo yokusebenza zenza izinguquko zazo. I-CV joint - i-velocity joint engashintshi, iyisici esinamaphiko sokudlulisa i-torque isuka ekudluliseleni isiya esondweni. Inikeza ukudluliswa kwe-torque kuma-engeli wokuzungezisa kufika ku-70°. Imoto isebenzisa i-CV joint yangaphakathi (exhunywe ku-gearbox noma ku-axle gearbox) kanye neyangaphandle (esuka eceleni kwesondo). Abantu babiza i-SHRUS “ngebhomu” lokuma okufanayo. Izindlela zokuhlola ijoyinti le-CV yangaphakathi Ijoyinti le-CV yangaphakathi lihluleka kaningi kunelingaphandle, kodwa ukuhlonzwa kwalo kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ukuthembeka kwehinge yangaphakathi kungenxa yokuhamba kwayo okuphansi kanye nesici sokuklama ...
