Inzwa yehholo: umgomo wokusebenza, izinhlobo, uhlelo lokusebenza, ukuthi ungahlola kanjani

Ngokusebenza kahle kwazo zonke izinhlelo zemoto yesimanje, abakhiqizi bahlomisa imoto ngezinto ezinhlobonhlobo zobuchwepheshe ezinezinzuzo eziningi kunezinto zemishini.

Inzwa ngayinye ibaluleke kakhulu ekusimeni kokusebenza kwezakhi ezahlukahlukene emshinini. Cabanga ngezici zenzwa yehholo: yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhona, ukungasebenzi kahle okuyinhloko, inqubo yokusebenza nokuthi isetshenziswa kuphi.

Yini inzwa yeHholo emotweni

Inzwa yehholo iyithuluzi elincane elinomgomo wokusebenza kwe-electromagnetic. Ngisho nasezimotweni ezindala ezimbonini zezimoto zaseSoviet, lezi zinzwa ziyatholakala - zilawula ukusebenza kwenjini kaphethiloli. Uma umshini ongasebenzi kahle, injini izolahlekelwa ukuqina.

Zisetshenziselwa ukusebenza kohlelo lokushisa, ukusatshalaliswa kwezigaba kumshini wokusabalalisa igesi, nokunye. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle okuhlobene nokuwohloka kwenzwa, udinga ukuqonda ukwakheka kwayo nenqubo yokusebenza kwayo.

Iyini inzwa yeHholo emotweni?

Kudingeka inzwa yehholo emotweni ukurekhoda nokukala amandla kazibuthe ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zemoto. Isicelo esiyinhloko se-HH sisohlelweni lokushisa.

Idivayisi ikuvumela ukuthi unqume amapharamitha athile ngendlela okungeyona yokuxhumana naye. Inzwa idala umfutho kagesi oya kushintshi noma ku-ECU. Lawa madivaysi abese athumela isiginali ukuze akhiqize okwamanje ukudala i-spark kumakhandlela.

Kafushane ngesimiso somsebenzi

Umgomo wokusebenza kwale divayisi watholakala ngo-1879 yisazi semvelo saseMelika uE. IHholo. Lapho i-semiconductor wafer ingena endaweni kazibuthe wezibuthe yaphakade, kukhiqizwa amandla amancane kuyo.

Ngemuva kokunqanyulwa kwamandla kazibuthe, akukho okwenziwa manje. Ukuphazanyiswa kwethonya likazibuthe kwenzeka ngezikhala ezisesikrinini sensimbi, ezibekwe phakathi kukazibuthe kanye nesilucwana se-semiconductor.

Itholakala kuphi futhi ibukeka kanjani?

Umphumela weHholo uthole izinhlelo ezinhlelweni eziningi zezimoto ezinjenge:

• Inquma isikhundla se-crankshaft (lapho i-piston yesilinda yokuqala iphakathi nendawo efile yesifo sokucindezela);
• Inquma indawo ye-camshaft (ukuvumelanisa ukuvulwa kwama-valve kumshini wokusabalalisa igesi kwezinye izinhlobo zezinjini zangaphakathi zomlilo zangaphakathi);
• Ku-breaker system breaker (kusabalalisi);
• Ku-tachometer.

Ngenkathi yokujikeleza kwe-motor shaft, inzwa iphendula ngosayizi wezikhala zamazinyo, lapho kukhiqizwa khona amandla kagesi aphansi, ahlinzekwa kudivayisi yokushintsha. Uma usuhlanganisile ikhoyili, isiginali iguqulwa ibe ngugesi ophakeme, odingekayo ukudala inhlansi kulayini. Uma inzwa yesikhundla se-crankshaft inesiphene, injini ayikwazi ukuqalwa.

Inzwa efanayo itholakala ku-breaker yohlelo lokucekela ngaphandle kokuxhumana. Lapho icindezelwa, kushintshwa ama-coil we-ignition, okuyivumela ukuthi ikhiqize imali ekhokhiswayo emazingeni aphansi nasekukhululweni kwesibili.

Lesi sithombe esingezansi sikhombisa ukuthi inzwa ibukeka kanjani nokuthi ifakwe kwezinye izimoto.

Kusabalalisa

Inzwa ye-Crankshaft

Inzwa yeCamshaft

Inzwa yeTachometer

Inzwa yeHholo emotweni kagesi

Idivayisi

Idivayisi yenzwa elula yehholo iqukethe:

• Uzibuthe unomphela. Idala amandla kazibuthe asebenza kwi-semiconductor, lapho kudalwa khona amandla wamandla aphansi;
• Isifunda Magnetic. Lesi sici sibona isenzo sensimu kazibuthe bese sakha okwamanje;
• Ukujikeleza okujikelezayo Kuyipuleti yensimbi ecijile enamabala. Lapho ujikelezo lwedivayisi eyinhloko luzungeza, ama-rotor blades ngokuhlukile avimba umphumela kamazibuthe endukwini, okwenza kube nemicabango ngaphakathi kwawo;
• Izivalo zepulasitiki.

Izinhlobo nobubanzi

Zonke izinzwa zeHholo ziwela ezigabeni ezimbili. Isigaba sokuqala sidijithali kanti esesibili yi-analog. Lawa madivayisi asetshenziswa ngempumelelo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi imboni yezimoto. Isibonelo esilula kakhulu salenzwa yi-DPKV (ilinganisa indawo ye-crankshaft njengoba ijikeleza).

I-Analog Hall Sensor Element

Kwezinye izimboni, kusetshenziswa amadivayisi afanayo, ngokwesibonelo, emishinini yokuwasha (ilondolo iyalinganiswa ngokususelwa kushesha lokujikeleza kwesigubhu esigcwele). Okunye ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwamadivayisi anjalo kukhibhodi yekhompyutha (odonsa abancane batholakala ngemuva kwezinkinobho, futhi inzwa uqobo ifakwe ngaphansi kwento enwebeka ye-polymer).

Ochwepheshe abasebenza ngogesi, lapho belinganisa amandla amanje kukhebula ngaphandle kokuxhumana, sebenzisa idivaysi ekhethekile, lapho kufakwa khona inzwa yeHholo, ephendula ngamandla endawo kazibuthe edalwe izintambo futhi inikeze inani elihambelana namandla we i-vortex kazibuthe.

Embonini yezimoto, izinzwa zeHholo zihlanganiswe ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, ezimotweni zikagesi, lawa madivayisi aqapha ukushaja kwebhethri. Isikhundla se-Crankshaft, i-valve mpintsha, isivinini samasondo, njll. - konke lokhu neminye imingcele kunqunywa izinzwa zeHholo.

Izinzwa zehholo ezinomugqa (i-analogue).

Kulezi zinzwa, i-voltage incike ngokuqondile emandleni okusebenza kazibuthe. Ngamanye amazwi, lapho inzwa isondela endaweni kazibuthe, i-voltage ephumayo iyanda. Lezi zinhlobo zamadivayisi azinayo i-Schmidt trigger kanye ne-switching output transistor. I-voltage kubo ithathwa ngokuqondile ku-amplifier yokusebenza.

I-voltage ephumayo yezinzwa zomphumela we-analog Hall ingakhiqizwa noma ngabe uzibuthe unomphela noma uzibuthe kagesi. Kubuye futhi kuncike ekugqineni kwamapuleti namandla amanje ageleza kuleli puleti.

I-Logic ibeka ukuthi i-voltage ephumayo yenzwa inganyuswa unomphela ngokukhula kwenkundla kazibuthe. Empeleni akunjalo. I-voltage ephumayo evela kunzwa izokhawulwa yi-voltage yokuhlinzeka. I-voltage ephezulu yokuphuma kuyo yonke inzwa ibizwa ngokuthi i-saturation voltage. Uma lesi siqongo sifinyelelwa, akusizi ukuqhubeka nokwandisa ukuminyana kazibuthe.

Isibonelo, ama-clamps amanje asebenza kulesi simiso, ngosizo lapho i-voltage ku-conductor ilinganiswa ngaphandle kokuxhumana nocingo ngokwalo. Izinzwa ze-Linear Hall nazo zisetshenziswa kumadivayisi akala ukuminyana kazibuthe. Amadivayisi anjalo aphephile ukusebenzisa, ngoba awadingi ukuthintana okuqondile nento eqhubayo.

Isibonelo sokusebenzisa into ye-analog

Isibalo esingezansi sibonisa isekethe elula yenzwa ekala amandla amanje futhi isebenza ngomgomo womphumela weHholo.

A - umqhubi; B - indandatho kazibuthe evulekile; С - inzwa yehholo le-analog; D - isignali amplifier

Inzwa enjalo yamanje isebenza kalula kakhulu. Lapho i-current isetshenziswa ku-conductor, insimu kazibuthe yenziwa nxazonke. Inzwa ithwebula i-polarity yale nkundla nokuminyana kwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-voltage ehambisana naleli xabiso iyakhiwa kunzwa, enikezwa ku-amplifier bese kuba inkomba.

Izinzwa ze-Digital Hall

Amadivayisi we-Analog aqalwa ngokuya ngamandla kazibuthe. Uma iphakama kakhulu, i-voltage ethe xaxa izoba sezinzweni. Kusukela kwethulwa i-elekthronikhi kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene wokulawula, inzwa yehholo ithole izinto ezinengqondo.

I-Digital Hall Sensor Element

Idivayisi ithola ubukhona benkinobho kazibuthe, noma ayiyitholi. Esimweni sokuqala, kuzoba iyunithi enengqondo, futhi isignali ithunyelwa ku-actuator noma kwiyunithi yokulawula. Esimweni sesibili (noma sinendawo enkulu, kepha ingafinyeleli kumkhawulo, amandla kazibuthe), idivayisi ayiqophi lutho, olubizwa ngokuthi yi-zero enengqondo.

Ngokulandelayo, amadivaysi edijithali ayizinhlobo ze-unipolar ne-bipolar. Ake sibheke kafushane ukuthi yini umehluko wabo.

Unipolar

Ngokuqondene nokuhlukahluka kwe-unipolar, kubangelwa lapho kuvela amandla kazibuthe we-polarity eyodwa kuphela. Uma uletha uzibuthe onobumbano obuhlukile kunzwa, idivayisi ngeke isabele nhlobo. Ukuyekiswa kwensiza kwenzeka lapho amandla kazibuthe encipha noma anyamalala ngokuphelele.

Iyunithi edingekayo yokukala ikhishwa yidivayisi okwamanje lapho amandla kazibuthe ephezulu kakhulu. Kuze kufinyelelwe lo mkhawulo, idivayisi izokhombisa inani elingu-0. Uma ukufakwa kwamandla kazibuthe kuncane, idivayisi ayikwazi ukukulungisa, ngakho-ke, ibonisa inani elingu-zero. Esinye isici esithinta ukunemba kwezilinganiso zedivayisi ibanga layo ukusuka kumandla kazibuthe.

IBipolar

Endabeni yokuguqulwa kwe-bipolar, idivayisi iyasebenza lapho i-electromagnet idala isigxobo esithile, futhi ayisebenzi lapho kusetshenziswa isigxobo esiphambene. Uma uzibuthe ususwa ngenkathi inzwa ivuliwe, idivayisi ngeke icishe.

Ukuqokwa kwe-HH ohlelweni lokuthungela imoto

Izinzwa zehholo zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuthungela okungaxhunywana nazo. Kuzo, le elementi ifakiwe esikhundleni sesilayidi se-breaker, esivala ukujika okuyinhloko kwekhoyili yokuthungela. Isithombe esingezansi sibonisa isibonelo senzwa yeHholo, esetshenziswa ezimotweni zomndeni wakwaVAZ.

A - Inzwa yehholo; B - uzibuthe unomphela; Ngepuleti elivala umphumela wamahhala wemagnethi

Kuzinhlelo zesimanjemanje zokuthungela, inzwa yeHholo isetshenziswa kuphela ukucacisa indawo ye-crankshaft. Inzwa enjalo ibizwa ngokuthi i-crankshaft position sensor. Umgomo wokusebenza kwawo uyafana nenzwa yehholo yakudala.

Kuphela ngokuphazanyiswa kokuvuthwa okuyinhloko kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwe-high-voltage pulse kakade kungumthwalo weyunithi yokulawula i-electronic, ehlelelwe izici zenjini. I-ECU iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezindlela ezihlukene zokusebenza zeyunithi yamandla ngokushintsha isikhathi sokushisa (kuzinhlelo zokuthintana nezingezona zokuthintwa zemodeli endala, lo msebenzi unikezwe umlawuli we-vacuum).

Ukuthungela ngenzwa yehholo

Ezinhlelweni zokuthungela ezingaxhunywanga zemodeli yakudala (isistimu esebhodini yemoto enjalo ayifakelwe iyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi), inzwa isebenza ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

1. Ishaft yokusabalalisa iyazungeza (ixhunywe ku-camshaft).
2. Ipuleti elifakwe ku-shaft litholakala phakathi kwenzwa yeHholo kanye nomazibuthe.
3. Ipuleti linezikhala.
4. Lapho ipuleti lijikeleza futhi kwakhiwa isikhala samahhala phakathi kukazibuthe, i-voltage ikhiqizwa inzwa ngenxa yethonya lensimu kazibuthe.
5. I-voltage ephumayo inikezwa ekushintsheni, okunikeza ukushintsha phakathi kwama-windings wekhoyili yokuthungela.
6. Ngemuva kokuthi ukuvala okuyisisekelo kuvaliwe, i-pulse ephezulu ye-voltage ikhiqizwa ekujikelezeni kwesibili, okungena kumsabalalisi (umsabalalisi) futhi kuya kupulaki ye-spark ethile.

Naphezu kohlelo olulula lokusebenza, uhlelo lokuthungela okungenakuxhumana kufanele lulungiswe kahle ukuze kuvele inhlansi ekhandlelani ngalinye ngesikhathi esifanele. Uma kungenjalo, injini izosebenza ingazinzile noma ingaqali nhlobo.

Izinzuzo Zenzwa Yehholo Lezimoto

Ngokwethulwa kwezinto zikagesi, ikakhulukazi kumasistimu adinga ukushunwa okuhle, onjiniyela bakwazile ukwenza amasistimu azinze uma kuqhathaniswa nozakwabo abalawulwa omakhenika. Isibonelo salokhu isistimu yokuthungela ngaphandle kokuthinta.

Inzwa yomphumela weHholo inezinzuzo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

1. Ihlangene;
2. Ingafakwa ngokuphelele kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yemoto, futhi kwezinye izimo ngisho ngqo kumshini ngokwayo (isibonelo, ku-distributor);
3. Azikho izakhi zomshini kuwo, ukuze othintana nabo bangashi, njengokuthi, isibonelo, ku-breaker system ignition breaker;
4. Ama-pulses e-elekthronikhi asabela ngokuphumelelayo kakhulu ezinguqukweni ze-magnetic field, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ijubane lokujikeleza kwe-shaft;
5. Ngaphezu kokuthembeka, idivayisi inikeza isignali kagesi ezinzile ezindleleni ezahlukene zokusebenza kwemoto.

Kodwa le divayisi futhi inezinkinga ezinkulu:

• Isitha esikhulu sanoma iyiphi idivayisi kagesi ukuphazamisa. Ziningi kunoma iyiphi injini;
• Uma kuqhathaniswa nenzwa evamile kagesi, le divayisi izobiza kakhulu;
• Ukusebenza kwayo kuthinteka uhlobo lwesekethe kagesi.

Izicelo zenzwa yeHholo

Njengoba sishilo, amadivayisi wesimiso seHholo asetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ezimotweni. Nazi izimboni ezimbalwa lapho inzwa yomphumela weHholo kungenzeka noma idingeka.

Linear inzwa izicelo

Izinzwa zohlobo oluhambisanayo zitholakala ku:

• Amadivayisi anquma amandla amanje ngendlela engeyona yokuxhumana;
• AmaTachometer;
• Izinzwa zezinga lokudlidliza;
• Izinzwa ze-Ferromagnetic;
• Izinzwa ezinquma i-angle yokujikeleza;
• Ama-potentiometers angaxhumani;
• Ama-motor angama-brushless e-DC;
• Izinzwa zokugeleza kwezinto ezisebenzayo;
• Ama-detectors anquma ukuma kwezinqubo zokusebenza.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zedijithali

Ngokuqondene namamodeli edijithali, asetshenziswa ku:

• Izinzwa ezinquma imvamisa yokujikeleza;
• Amadivayisi wokuvumelanisa;
• Izinzwa zesistimu yokushayela emotweni;
• Isikhundla sezinzwa zezinto zezinqubo zokusebenza;
• Pulse zokubala;
• Izinzwa ezinquma ukuma kwama-valve;
• Imishini yokukhiya iminyango;
• Ukusebenza kwamamitha wokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa;
• Izinzwa eziseduze;
• Ukudluliswa okungathintwa;
• Kwezinye izinhlobo zamaphrinta, njengezinzwa ezithola ubukhona noma isikhundla sephepha.

Imiphi imisebenzi engaba khona?

Nalu itafula lezinkinga ezinkulu ze-hall sensor kanye nokubonakaliswa kwazo okubonakalayo:

Ukungasebenzi:	Kubonakala kanjani:
Inzwa ibangelwa kaningi kunokuba i-crankshaft idlule umjikelezo ogcwele	Ukusetshenziswa kwephethiloli kuyanda (ngenkathi ezinye izinhlelo, njengophethiloli, zisebenza kahle)
Idivayisi icupha kanye noma ngezikhathi ezithile icishe ngokuphelele	Ngenkathi imoto ihamba, injini ingama, imoto iduma, amandla enjini ayahla, akunakwenzeka ukusheshisa imoto ngokushesha kune-60 km / h.
Ukungasebenzi kahle kwenzwa yeHholo	Kwezinye izimoto zakwamanye amazwe zesizukulwane sakamuva, i-lever yegiya ivinjiwe
Inzwa yesikhundla se-crankshaft iphukile	Imoto ayikwazi ukuqalwa
Amaphutha ohlelweni lukagesi lapho inzwa yehholo iyinto esemqoka	Kudeshibhodi, isibani sephutha sohlelo lokuzihlola lweyunithi ethile, isibonelo, injini ngejubane elingenzi lutho, ikhanya, kepha inyamalale lapho injini ithatha isivinini.

Imvamisa kwenzeka ukuthi inzwa uqobo ihlelekile, kepha izwakala ngathi ayisebenzi. Nazi izizathu zalokhu:

• Ngcofa kunzwa;
• Ucingo oluphukile (okukodwa noma ngaphezulu);
• Umswakama ufikile koxhumana nabo;
• Isifunda esifushane (ngenxa yomswakama noma ukulimala kokufakwa, ucingo lwesiginali lufushaniswe phansi);
• Ukwephulwa kokufakwa kwentambo noma isikrini;
• Inzwa ayixhunyiwe kahle (ubumbano buhlehlisiwe);
• Izinkinga ezinentambo eziphezulu zamandla kagesi;
• Ukwephulwa kwephiko lokulawula izimoto;
• Ibanga phakathi kwezakhi zenzwa nengxenye elawulwayo lisethwe ngokungalungile.

Ukuhlola inzwa

Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi inzwa inephutha, kufanele kwenziwe isheke ngaphambi kokuyifaka esikhundleni. Indlela elula yokuxilonga inkinga - uma inkinga iku-sensor ngempela - ukusebenzisa ukuxilonga ku-oscilloscope. Idivayisi ayitholi kuphela ukungasebenzi kahle, kodwa futhi ikhombisa ukweqiwa okuseduze kwensiza.

Njengoba kungebona bonke abashayeli abanethuba lokwenza inqubo enjalo, kunezindlela ezingabizi kakhulu zokuxilonga inzwa.

Ukuxilongwa nge-multimeter

Okokuqala, i-multimeter isethwe kumodi yokulinganisa yamanje ye-DC (shintshela i-20V). Inqubo yenziwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

• Ucingo oluhlomile lunqamukile kumsabalalisi. Ixhunywe kusisindo ukuze, ngenxa yokuxilongwa, ungaqali ngephutha imoto;
• Ukuthungela kuyasebenza (ukhiye uvulwe yonke indlela, kepha ungayiqali injini);
• Isixhumi sisuswa kumsabalalisi;
• Ukuxhumana okungekuhle kwe-multimeter kuxhunywe kusisindo semoto (umzimba);
• Isixhumi senzwa sinezikhonkwane ezintathu. Ukuxhumana okuhle kwe-multimeter kuxhunywe ngakunye kwabo ngokwehlukana. Oxhumana naye wokuqala kufanele akhombise inani elingu-11,37V (noma kufika ku-12V), owesibili kufanele akhombise esifundeni se-12V, bese kuthi owesithathu - 0.

Ngokulandelayo, inzwa ihlolwe ukuthi iyasebenza. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwenza okulandelayo:

• Ukusuka ohlangothini lokungena kocingo, kuzofakwa izikhonkwane zensimbi (ngokwesibonelo, izipikili ezincane) kusixhumi ukuze singathintani. Omunye ufakwa koxhumana naye ophakathi nendawo, kanti omunye - ocingweni olubi (imvamisa emhlophe);
• Isixhumi sislayida ngaphezulu kwenzwa;
• Ukulahlwa kuvula (kepha asiqali injini);
• Silungisa ukuxhumana okungalungile komhloli ku-minus (ucingo olumhlophe), kanye nokuxhumana okuhle kuphini eliphakathi. Inzwa esebenzayo izonikeza ukufundwa okucishe kube ngu-11,2V;
• Manje umsizi kumele abeke inkonsi endaweni yokuqala kaningana. Ukufundwa kwemultimeter kuzoshintsha. Qaphela amanani aphansi futhi aphezulu. Ibha ephansi akufanele idlule ku-0,4V, kanti engenhla akufanele iwele ngaphansi kwe-9V. Kulokhu, inzwa ingabhekwa njengesetshenziswayo.

Isivivinyo sokumelana

Ukukala ukumelana, uzodinga i-resistor (1 kΩ), isibani se-diode nezintambo. Isiphikisi sithengiswa emlenzeni we-isibani esikhanyayo, bese kuxhunywa ucingo kuyo. Ucingo lwesibili luqondiswe emlenzeni wesibili we-isibani esikhanyayo.

Isheke lenziwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

• Susa ikhava yokusabalalisa, nqamula ibhulokhi noxhumana nabo bomhambisi uqobo;
• Umhloli uxhunywe kwizikhungo 1 no 3. Ngemuva kokuqalisa ukuthululwa, isibonisi kufanele sikhombise inani ebangeni lama-volts angama-10-12;
• Ngendlela efanayo, isibani esikhanyayo esine-resistor sixhunywe kusabalalisa. Uma ubumbano lulungile, ukulawulwa kuzokhanya;
• Ngemuva kwalokho, ucingo oluvela esigungwini sesithathu luxhumekile kwesibili. Lapho-ke umsizi uphendulela imoto ngosizo lwenkanyezi;
• Isibani esikhanyayo sibonisa inzwa esebenzayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele ithathelwe indawo.

Ukwakha Isilawuli Sehholo Elilungiselelwe

Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi uxilonge inzwa yehholo uma kungekho spark. Imicucu enoxhumana nabo iye yanqanyulwa kusukela kumhambisi. Ukulahlwa kusebenze. Ucingo oluncane luxhumanisa othintana nabo bezinzwa kokukhipha. Lolu uhlobo lwe-sim sensor yehholo elidale umfutho. Uma, ngasikhathi sinye, inhlansi seyakhiwe kwikhebula eliphakathi, khona-ke inzwa ikhishwe ngokuhlelekile futhi idinga ukushintshwa.

Ukudubula inkinga

Uma ufuna ukulungisa inzwa yehholo ngezandla zakho, okokuqala udinga ukuthenga into ebizwa ngokuthi inengqondo. Ingakhethwa ngokuya ngemodeli nohlobo lwenzwa.

Ukulungiswa uqobo lwenziwa kanjena:

• Kwenziwa umgodi maphakathi nomzimba nge-drill;
• Ngommese okhangayo, izintambo zesakhi esidala ziyagawulwa, emva kwalokho kubekelwe izingcingo ezintsha zezintambo ezizothintwa kwisekethe;
• Ingxenye entsha ifakiwe ezindlini futhi ixhumeke kwizikhonkwane ezindala. Ungahlola ukunemba kokuxhumeka usebenzisa isibani se-diode control nge-resistor koxhumana naye oyedwa. Ngaphandle kwethonya likazibuthe, ukukhanya kufanele kuphume. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, kuzodingeka ukuthi ushintshe ubumbano;
• Oxhumana nabo abasha kufanele bathengiswe kwibhulokhi yedivayisi;
• Ukuqiniseka ukuthi umsebenzi wenziwa kahle, kufanele ukhombe inzwa entsha usebenzisa izindlela ezingenhla;
• Ekugcineni, izindlu kufanele zivalwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-glue engamelana nokushisa, ngoba i-divayisi ivame ukuveza amazinga okushisa aphezulu;
• Isilawuli sihlanganiswe ngokulandelana okuphambene.

Ungayishintsha kanjani inzwa ngezandla zakho?

Akuwona wonke umuntu othanda imoto unesikhathi sokulungisa izinzwa. Kulula ngabo ukuthi bathenge entsha bese beyifaka esikhundleni seyakudala. Le nqubo yenziwa kanjena:

• Okokuqala, udinga ukususa ama-terminals ebhethri;
• Isabalalisa sisusiwe, ibhulokhi enezintambo iye yanqanyulwa;
• Isembozo somsabalalisi siyasuswa;
• Ngaphambi kokuqeda idivaysi ngokuphelele, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-valve uqobo lwayo lwalutholakala kanjani. Kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa amamaki wesikhathi kanye ne-crankshaft;
• Ishafti yomhambisi isusiwe;
• Inzwa yehholo ngokwayo inqanyuliwe;
• Kufakwa okusha endaweni ye-sensor yakudala;
• Ibhlokhi lihlanganiswe ngokulandelana okuhlelekile.

Izinzwa zesizukulwane sakamuva zinempilo ende yensizakalo, ngakho-ke ukufaka imishini njalo akudingeki. Lapho usebenzisa uhlelo lokulahla, kufanele futhi unake le divayisi yokulandelela.

Ividiyo ngesihloko

Sengiphetha, uhlaka oluningiliziwe lwedivayisi kanye nomgomo wokusebenza kwenzwa yeHholo emotweni:

Iyini inzwa yeHALL. Isebenza kanjani nokuthi ihlelwa kanjani

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yini inzwa yeHholo? Le yidivayisi esabela ekubukekeni noma ekungabikho kwamandla kazibuthe. Izinzwa ezibukwayo zinesimiso esifanayo sokusebenza, esisabela kumthelela wesigxobo sokukhanya ku-photocell.

Isetshenziswa kuphi inzwa yehholo? Ezimotweni, le sensor isetshenziselwa ukuthola ijubane lesondo noma i-shaft ethile. Futhi, le sensor ifakiwe kulezo zinhlelo lapho kubalulekile khona ukunquma ukuma komphini othile wokuvumelanisa izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo salokhu yi-crankshaft ne-camshaft sensor.

Ungayihlola kanjani inzwa yeHholo? Kunezindlela eziningana zokubheka inzwa. Isibonelo, uma kukhona amandla ohlelweni lokuthungela futhi ama-spark plugs engakhiphi inhlansi, emishinini enomsabalalisi ongathintwa, ikhava yomsabalalisi iyasuswa bese i-plug block iyasuswa. Okulandelayo, ukuthungela kwemoto kuvuliwe futhi oxhumana nabo o-2 no-3 bavaliwe.Icingo elinamandla amakhulu kufanele ligcinwe eduze nomhlabathi. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele kuvele inhlansi. Uma kukhona inhlansi, kepha ayikho inhlansi lapho inzwa ixhunyiwe, khona-ke kufanele ithathelwe indawo. Indlela yesibili ukukala amandla okuphuma kwenzwa. Esimweni esihle, le nkomba kufanele ibe sebangeni kusuka ku-0.4 kuye ku-11V. Indlela yesithathu ukubeka i-analog esebenzayo eyaziwa esikhundleni senzwa endala. Uma uhlelo lusebenza, khona-ke inkinga iku-inzwa.