Ungashintsha kanjani uketshezi esiteringini samandla

Imoto yokuqala eyenziwe ngobuningi enesiteringi samandla kwakuyi-Model Chrysler Imperial yango-1951, kwathi eSoviet Union kwaqala ukuholwa amandla ngo-1958 ku-ZIL-111. Namuhla, amamodeli wesimanje ambalwa afakwe uhlelo lokuqondisa amandla we-hydraulic. Le yunithi enokwethenjelwa, kepha maqondana nesondlo idinga ukunakwa, ikakhulukazi ezindabeni zekhwalithi nokushintshwa koketshezi olusebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ku-athikili sizofunda ukuthi ungashintsha kanjani futhi ungeze uketshezi lokuqondisa amandla.

Yini uketshezi lokuqondisa amandla

Uhlelo lokuqondisa amandla lwenzelwe ngokuyinhloko ukwenza ukushayela kube lula, okungukuthi, ukunethezeka okukhulu. Uhlelo luvaliwe, ngakho-ke lusebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi eyenziwe yiphampu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma amandla kagesi ehluleka, ukulawulwa komshini kuyalondolozwa.

I-hydraulic fluid ekhethekile (uwoyela) isebenza njengoketshezi olusebenzayo. Kungaba ngemibala ehlukene nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuhlukile (okwenziwe noma okwenziwe ngamaminerali). Umenzi uncoma uhlobo oluthile loketshezi kumodeli ngayinye, okuvame ukukhonjiswa kumanuwali yokufunda.

Udinga ukushintsha nini futhi kuziphi izimo

Akulungile ukucabanga ukuthi ukushintshwa kuketshezi akudingeki nhlobo ohlelweni oluvaliwe. Udinga ukuyiguqula ngesikhathi noma uma kudingeka. Izungeza ohlelweni ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu. Ngesikhathi somsebenzi, kuvela izinhlayiya ezincane ezihuqayo nokuncipha. Imikhawulo yokushisa, kanye nezimo zokusebenza kweyunithi, nakho kuthinta ukwakheka koketshezi. Izithasiselo ezahlukahlukene zilahlekelwa yimpahla yazo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Konke lokhu kucasula ukugqokwa ngokushesha kwephafa lokuqondisa kanye nepompo, okuyizinto eziyinhloko zesiteringi samandla.

Ngokwezincomo, kubalulekile ukushintsha uketshezi lokuqondisa amandla ngemuva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-70-100 noma ngemuva kweminyaka emi-5. Le nkathi ingahle ifike nangaphambi kwesikhathi, ngokuya ngamandla wokusebenza kwezimoto noma ngemuva kokulungiswa kwezingxenye zohlelo.

Futhi, okuningi kuya ngohlobo loketshezi oluthululelwa ohlelweni. Isibonelo, owoyela bokwenza banokuphila okude, kepha akuvamile ukuthi kusetshenziswe ukuqondisa amandla. Ngokuvamile lawa angamafutha asuselwa kumaminerali.

Kunconywa ukuhlola izinga loketshezi echibini okungenani kabili ngonyaka. Kufanele kube phakathi kwamamaki we-min / max. Uma izinga lehlile, lokhu kukhombisa ukuvuza. Futhi qaphela umbala wamafutha. Uma iphenduka ibomvu noma iluhlaza ibe isisindo esinsundu, khona-ke lo oyili udinga ukushintshwa. Imvamisa ngemuva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-80. gijimisa kubukeka kanjena.

Hlobo luni lwamafutha lokugcwalisa i-booster hydraulic

Umkhiqizi ngamunye wezimoto uncoma uwoyela wawo wokuqondisa amandla. Ngokwengxenye lolu wuhlobo lwecebo lokumaketha, kepha uma kudingeka, ungathola i-analogue.

Okokuqala, amaminerali noma uwoyela wokwenziwa? Kaningi amaminerali, ngoba iphatha ngokunakekela izakhi zenjoloba. Izinto zokwenziwa azivamisile ukusetshenziswa ngokusho kwemvume yomkhiqizi.

Futhi, ezinhlelweni zokuqondisa amandla, kungasetshenziswa uketshezi olukhethekile lwePSF (Power Steering Fluid), imvamisa luhlaza, ukudlulisa uketshezi lokuhambisa okuzenzakalelayo - i-ATF (i-Automatic Transmission Fluid) ebomvu. Isigaba sikaDexron II, III naso sise-ATF. Amafutha aphuzi aphelele avela kuDaimler AG, avame ukusetshenziswa kwaMercedes nakweminye imikhiqizo yalokhu kukhathazeka.

Kunoma ikuphi, umnikazi wemoto akufanele alinge futhi agcwalise kuphela umkhiqizo onconyiwe noma i-analogue ethembekile.

Ukushintsha uketshezi lokuqondisa amandla

Sincoma ukwethemba noma yiziphi izinqubo zokugcinwa kwemoto kochwepheshe, kufaka phakathi ukushintsha uwoyela esiteringini samandla. Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, ungazenzela ngokwakho, ubuke i-algorithm edingekayo yezenzo nokuqapha.

Ukufaka phezulu

Imvamisa kuyadingeka ukwengeza uketshezi ezingeni olifunayo. Uma ungaqiniseki ngohlobo loketshezi olusetshenziswe ohlelweni, ungathatha eyodwa (ngokwesibonelo, iMulti HF). Kuyi-miscible ngawo womabili amaminerali kanye namafutha okwenziwa. Kwezinye izimo, izinto zokwenziwa namanzi amaminerali awakwazi ukuxubaniswa. Ngombala, okuluhlaza akukwazi ukuhlanganiswa nokunye (okubomvu, okuphuzi).

I-algorithm ye-top-up imi kanjena:

1. Bheka ithangi, uhlelo, amapayipi, thola bese uqeda imbangela yokuvuza.
2. Vula ikepisi bese ukhuphukela ezingeni eliphezulu.
3. Qala injini, bese uphendulela isondo lokushayela ezindaweni ezingakwesokudla nangakwesokunxele kakhulu ukushayela uketshezi ngohlelo.
4. Bheka izinga futhi, phezulu uma kunesidingo.

Qedela ukufaka esikhundleni

Ukufaka esikhundleni, udinga ilitha elilodwa lamafutha, ngaphandle kokugungxula. Udinga ukwenza okulandelayo:

1. Phakamisa imoto, noma ngaphambili nje, ukuze ungafaki engozini iphampu bese uhambisa uketshezi ngaphandle kokuqala injini. Kungenzeka ukuthi ungayiphakamisi uma kukhona umlingani ozofaka uwoyela ngesikhathi sokugijima ukuze ipompo lingomi.
2. Bese uvula ikepisi ethangini, susa isihlungi (buyisela noma hlanza) bese ukhipha uketshezi olusethangini usebenzisa isirinji nethabhu. Hlanza futhi uhlanze umugqa ongezansi ethangini.
3. Okulandelayo, sisusa uketshezi ohlelweni uqobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, susa amapayipi ethangini, susa ipayipi lokuqondisa (ukubuyisa), usulungisile isitsha kusengaphambili.
4. Ukwenza ingilazi ngokuphelele, vula isondo lokuqondisa ezinhlangothini ezihlukile. Lapho amasondo ehlisiwe, injini ingaqalwa, kodwa hhayi ngaphezu komzuzu owodwa. Lokhu kuzovumela ukuthi ipompo likhiphe ngokushesha uwoyela osele ohlelweni.
5. Lapho uketshezi selukhamile ngokuphelele, ungaqala ukukhipha. Lokhu akudingekile, kepha uma uhlelo luminyene kakhulu, kungcono ukukwenza. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uthele uwoyela olungiselelwe ohlelweni, xhuma amapayipi, futhi ukhiphe futhi.
6. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukuxhuma wonke amapayipi, ithangi, hlola ukuxhumana bese ugcwalisa uwoyela omusha ezingeni eliphezulu.
7. Uma imoto imisiwe, uketshezi lungaqhutshwa injini imisiwe. Ngenjini egijimayo, siphendulela amasondo yonke indawo siye ezinhlangothini, kuyilapho kudingekile ukufaka uketshezi oluzophela.
8. Okulandelayo, kusala ukuhlola konke ukuxhumana, ukwenza idrayivu yokuhlola emotweni bese uqinisekisa ukuthi isiteringi sisebenza kahle nokuthi izinga loketshezi olusebenzayo lifinyelela uphawu lwe- “MAX”.

Ukuqapha Ngesikhathi sokumpompa, ungavumeli ukuthi izinga elikuchibi lokuqondisa ugesi lehle lize ngaphezu komaki othi “MIN”.

Ungashintsha noma ungeze uketshezi ekuziqondiseni kwamandla ngokwakho, ngokulandela izincomo ezilula. Zama ukuqapha njalo izinga nekhwalithi kawoyela ohlelweni bese ulishintsha ngesikhathi. Sebenzisa uhlobo nomkhiqizo onconyiwe womkhiqizi.