Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-viscous fan: idivayisi, ukungasebenzi kahle nokulungiswa

Noma iyiphi injini yomlilo yangaphakathi idinga uhlelo lokupholisa ikhwalithi. Lokhu kungenxa izici umsebenzi wakhe. Ngaphakathi kwamasilinda, kuhlanganiswa inhlanganisela yomoya nophethiloli, lapho i-cylinder block, ikhanda, isistimu yokukhipha kanye nezinye izinhlelo ezihambisanayo zishisa zize zifike emazingeni okushisa abucayi, ikakhulukazi uma injini i-turbocharged (ukuthi kungani kune-turbocharger emotweni, nokuthi isebenza kanjani, funda lapha). Yize lezi zinto zenziwe ngezinto ezingamelana nokushisa, zisadinga ukupholisa (zingakhubazeka futhi zikhule ngesikhathi sokushisa okubucayi).

Ukwenza lokhu, ama-automaker athuthukise izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinhlelo zokupholisa ezikwazi ukugcina ukushisa kokusebenza kwenjini (ukuthi le parameter kufanele ibe yini ichazwa kwesinye isihloko). Enye yezingxenye zanoma yiluphi uhlelo lokupholisa fan. Ngeke sicabangele ukwakheka kwalesi sici uqobo - sesivele sinakho ngalokhu. okunye ukubuyekeza... Ake sigxile kokunye okukhethwa kukho kokushayela kwale ndlela - ukuhlangana okubonakalayo.

Cabanga ukuthi luhlobo luni lwedivayisi enalo, uyini umgomo wokusebenza kwayo, yiziphi izinkinga ezisebenzayo, kanye nezinketho zokulungisa lo mshini noma ukumiselela.

Isimiso sokusebenza kokuhlanganiswa kwe-viscous kwe-fan yokupholisa

Imoto yesimanje ifakwe uhlelo olunjalo lokupholisa, fan yalo eqhutshwa ngogesi. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kunezinhlobo ezinjalo zemishini lapho kufakwa khona ukuhlangana, okune-viscous drive mechanism. Ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwalesi sakhi sohlelo, kusebenza kuphela ezimotweni ezihamba ngamasondo angemuva. Kulokhu, injini imi longitudinally egumbini injini. Njengoba izinhlobo eziningi zezimoto zesimanje zifakwe i-transmission edlulisa i-torque emasondweni angaphambili, lokhu kuguqulwa kwabalandeli ezimotweni zabagibeli akuvamile.

Umshini usebenza ngokuya ngalesi simiso esilandelayo. I-fan drive iyazishayela, ezindlini lapho kufakwa khona i-viscous coupling, exhunywe ku-crankshaft pulley kusetshenziswa ibhande. Kukhona amamodeli ezimoto lapho i-clutch rotor ixhunywe khona ngqo ku-crankshaft. Kukhona nezinketho ezixhunywe ku-camshaft pulley.

Izindlu ze-rotor zomshini zizoqukatha amadiski amabili, elinye lawo libekwe kushaft yokushayela. Ibanga phakathi kwabo lincane ukuze ukuvimba kwenzeke ngokushesha okukhulu ngokuya ngokushisa okushisa kwento esebenzayo noma ushintsho ku-viscosity yayo ngenxa yesenzo semishini (i-non-Newtonian fluid). Idiski yesibili inamathiselwe ku-impeller ye-fan etholakala ngemuva kwe-radiator yokupholisa (ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngokuguqulwa okuhlukahlukene nokuthi lolu hlelo lusebenza kanjani, funda kokunye ukubuyekeza). Umzimba we-Rotor ufakwe kahle ukuze idrayivu ingakwazi ukujikeleza njalo isakhiwo sonke (lokhu kuyintuthuko yakudala), kepha ekwakhiweni kwanamuhla i-Rotor iyingxenye yomklamo wabalandeli (umzimba uqobo uyajikeleza, lapho impeller ihleli khona).

Kuze kube lapho umshini ukhiyiwe, i-torque ayidluliswanga isuka kumshayeli iye entweni eqhutshwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, impeller ngeke ijikeleze njalo ngenkathi kusebenza injini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Ebusika, kanye nasenkambisweni yokufudumeza iyunithi yamandla (funda ngokuhlukile mayelana kungani ufudumeza imotouhlelo lokupholisa akumele lusebenze. Kuze kube yilapho imoto idinga ukupholisa, umgodi we-rotcling coupling uhlala ungenalutho.

Njengoba injini ishisa, ipuleti le-bimetallic liqala ukukhubazeka. Ipuleti livula kancane kancane umzila onikezwa ngawo uketshezi olusebenzayo. Kungaba uwoyela ojiyile, okokusebenza kwe-silicone, into efana ne-viscous efana ne-gel, njll. (konke kuncike ekutheni umenzi usebenzise kanjani ukudluliswa kwe-torque kusuka ku-pulley kuya kudiski yedivayisi eqhutshwa), kepha imvamisa abicah asetshenziselwa ukudala izinto ezinjalo. Kwamanye amamodeli wokuhlanganisa okunamandla, kusetshenziswa uketshezi olusebenzayo.

Ukucaciswa kwayo ukuthi i-viscosity yento enikeziwe iyashintsha kuye ngezinga lokuguqulwa kwevolumu ketshezi. Uma nje ukuhamba kwama-drive discs kubushelelezi, uketshezi luhlala luketshezi. Kodwa lapho nje ukwanda kwezinto zokushayela kukhuphuka, umphumela womshini ufakwa entweni, ngenxa yokuthi i-viscosity yayo iyashintsha. Izihlanganisi zanamuhla ze-viscous zihlala isikhathi esisodwa zigcwele into enjalo, futhi ayidingi ukushintshwa kuyo yonke impilo yokusebenza kwesihlanganisi.

Couplings viscous ingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela kule ndlela. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, sizobheka ukuthi iyiphi enye indlela enjalo engafakwa kuyo. Ngokuqondene nokusebenza kwe-fan ene-viscous coupling, lapho ipuleti le-bimetallic livula ishaneli lokungena, ukwakheka komshini kuzoqala ukugcwalisa kancane kancane into esebenzayo. Lokhu kudala ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-master kanye nama-disc aqhutshwa. Indlela enjalo ayidingi ingcindezi ephezulu emgodini ukuze isebenze. Ukuhlinzeka ukuxhumana okuthuthukile phakathi kwama-disc, ubuso bawo benziwe ngezimbambo ezincane (kwezinye izinhlobo zokuhlanganiswa kwe-viscous, into ngayinye yediski igcwele).

Ngakho-ke, amandla ajikelezayo asuka enjini aya kuma-fan blades adluliselwa ngezinto ezibonakalayo ezingena emgodini we-rotor bese ewela kokumbozwa okwenziwe ngamadiski. I-viscous coupling housing igcwele ngokuphelele le nto, ngenxa yokuthi amandla we-centrifugal akhiwa ngokwengeziwe, njengakwimpompo yenjini (ukuthola imininingwane yokuthi iphampu yamanzi yohlelo lokupholisa isebenza kanjani, kuchazwa kwesinye isihloko).

1 - i-valve ivuliwe (injini efudumele);
2 - ukugoba okuncane kwepuleti ye-bimetallic (i-motor efudumele);
3 - ipuleti ye-bimetallic egobile ngokugcwele (injini eshisayo);
4 - i-valve ivuliwe ngokuphelele (i-motor iyashisa);
5 - ukushayela kusukela injini ovuthayo yangaphakathi;
6 - i-viscous coupling drive;
I-7 - uwoyela kumshini.

Lapho i-antifreeze ku-radiator ipholile ngezinga elidingekayo, ipuleti le-bimetallic liqala ukwakheka kwangempela, futhi ishaneli yokukhipha amanzi iyavula ku-clutch. Uketshezi olusebenzayo ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla we-centrifugal luya echibini, lapho, uma kunesidingo, liqala ukufakwa emgodini wokuhlanganisa futhi.

Ukusebenza kwesihlanganisi se-viscous, uma uketshezi olusebenzayo lususelwa ku-silicone, kunezici ezimbili:

1. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-discs hhayi kuphela ngenxa yamandla we-centrifugal. Ngokushesha lapho into yokushayela ijikeleza, kulapho i-silicone ixubeka kakhudlwana. Ukusuka ekuqineni kuyaqina, okuthuthukisa ukubandakanyeka kweqembu le-disc;
2. Njengoba uketshezi lushisa, luyanda, okwandisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo.

Ngenkathi yokunyakaza okufanayo komshini, imoto igijima ngejubane elizinzile. Ngenxa yalokhu, uketshezi olukukuhlangana akuhlanganisi kakhulu. Kepha lapho umshayeli eqala ukusheshisa imoto, kunomehluko phakathi kokushintshana kwamadiski okushayela nawashayelwayo, ngenxa yokuthi indawo yokusebenza ixutshwe ngokuqinile. I-viscosity ye-liquid iyakhula, futhi ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kuqala ukudluliselwa ngokusebenza okuhle eqenjini lama-disc aqhutshwa (kwezinye izinhlobo, akusetshenziswa idiski elilodwa, kepha amasethi amabili, isici ngasinye esishintshanayo) .

Uma umehluko ngokushintshana kwamaphakethe wediski uhluke kakhulu, into iba cishe eqinile, okuholela ekuvinjweni kwe-clutch. Isimiso esifanayo sokusebenza sine-clutch viscous, efakwe ekudlulisweni komshini esikhundleni sokwahlukana kwesikhungo. Kulolu lungiselelo, imoto idlulela kweya ngaphambili-isondo, kepha lapho isondo ngalinye lokushayela liqala ukushibilika, i-spike ngomehluko we-torque isebenzisa i-clutch lock futhi ifaka i-asi engemuva. Indlela efanayo nayo ingasetshenziswa njengomehluko we-axle enqamulelayo (ukuthola eminye imininingwane yokuthi kungani imoto idinga umehluko, funda kwesinye isihloko).

Ngokungafani nezinqubo ezisetshenziselwa ukuhanjiswa, ukuguqulwa kwesiphepheli sokupholisa kufakwe idamu elikhethekile lapho kugcinwa khona umthamo wento esebenzayo. Lapho imoto isisesigabeni sokufudumala, i-thermostat kulayini we-OS iyavalwa (ngemininingwane yokusebenza kwe-thermostat, bona lapha), futhi i-antifreeze ijikeleza kumbuthano omncane. Ezimotweni eziqhutshwa ezindaweni ezibandayo nobusika obuneqhwa, ngale njongo, ungasebenzisa uhlelo lwe-ICE preheating (funda ngalo ngokuningiliziwe ngokwehlukana).

Ngenkathi uhlelo lubanda, i-drain valve etholakala ezindlini zeblutch ivulekile futhi idiski yedrayivu ejikelezayo iphonsa uketshezi olusuka echibini libuyele echibini. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuhlangana kwe-viscous akusebenzi ngenxa yokushoda kwe-clutch phakathi kwama-disc. Amafeni ama-fan awazungezi futhi i-radiator ayishaywa. Njengoba ingxube kaphethiloli womoya iqhubeka nokushisa enjinini, iyashisa.

Okwamanje lapho i-thermostat ivula, i-coolant (i-antifreeze noma i-antifreeze) iqala ukugeleza iye esifundeni lapho i-radiator heat exchanger ixhunywe khona. Ukushiswa kwepuleti le-bimetallic (lixhunywe ezindlini ezihlanganisayo ezibukeka ngaphambili, eduze ngangokunokwenzeka kwiradiator) kungenxa yokushisa okuvela ku-radiator. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo, indawo okuthengwa kuyo ivinjiwe. Into esebenzayo ayikhishwa emgodini, futhi iqala ukugcwala uketshezi. Uketshezi luyanda kancane kancane lube lujiyile. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuxhumeka okubushelelezi kwediski eqhutshwa, enamathiselwe kushaft eqhutshwa nge-impeller.

Njengomphumela wokuzungeziswa komphehli wempepho, umoya ogeleza ngesishintshisi sokushisa uyanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lokupholisa lusebenza ngendlela efanayo naleyo yokufaka ifeni enenjini kagesi. Lapho isipholisi sesipholile kupharamitha oyifunayo, ipuleti le-bimetallic liqala ukuthatha ukwakheka kwalo koqobo, livule ishaneli yokukhipha amanzi. Into isuswa yi-inertia ethangini. I-clutch phakathi kwama-discs incipha kancane kancane futhi i-fan iyeka kahle.

Idivayisi nezinto eziyinhloko

Ake sicabangele ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zokuhlanganiswa kwe-viscous. Idivayisi inezinto eziyisihluthulelo ezilandelayo:

• Umzimba ovalwe ngosimende (njengoba ugcwala njalo uketshezi, le ngxenye yomshini kufanele ivalwe ukuvikela ukuvuza);
• Amaphakethe amabili ama-disc aboshwe noma anezinhlamvu. Iphakethe elilodwa liyinkosi kanti elinye liyisigqila. Akunandaba nenani lezinto ze-disc kwiphakeji ngayinye, zonke ziyashintshana, ngenxa yokuthi uketshezi luxutshwe kahle;
• I-dilatant fluid ehambisa i-torque endlini evaliwe isuka kwelinye iphakethe yediski iye kwelinye.

Umkhiqizi ngamunye usebenzisa isisekelo sakhe kuketshezi olusebenzayo, kepha imvamisa kuyisilicone. Lapho uketshezi olungokwemvelo lushukunyiswa ngamandla, i-viscosity yalo ikhuphukela esimweni esicishe siqine. Futhi, izixhumi zanamuhla ze-viscous zethulwa ngendlela yesigubhu, umzimba waso onamathele ku-impeller nge-bolts. Maphakathi nomzimba kunesihibo esizungeza ngokukhululeka esinamantongomane lapho isikulufu se-drive noma i-motor shaft uqobo is screwed.

Okuncane ngokusetshenziswa kwama-viscous couplings

Ngaphezu kohlelo lokupholisa lwamanye amamodeli ezimoto, ukuhlangana kwe-viscous kungasetshenziswa ohlelweni olulodwa lwemoto. Le yi-plug-in all-wheel drive (iyini nokuthi isebenza kanjani imoto enjalo ichaziwe esihlokweni esehlukile).

Ngokuvamile, ukulungiswa okuthile kokudluliswa okunjalo ngesihlanganisi se-viscous kufakiwe kwezinye iziphambano. Bafaka isikhala sokwahlukana kwesikhungo, ngenxa yokuthi, lapho amasondo okushayela eshibilika, iqembu lama-disc liqala ukuzungeza ngokushesha, okwenza uketshezi lube viscous ngokwengeziwe. Ngenxa yalomphumela, idrayivu yediski iqala ukudlulisa i-torque ku-analog eqhutshwa. Izakhiwo ezinjalo zokuhlanganiswa kwe-viscous zivumela, uma kunesidingo, ukuxhuma i-eksisi yamahhala nokudluliswa kwemoto.

Le ndlela yokusebenza okuzenzakalelayo ayidingi ukusetshenziswa kwe-elekthronikhi eyinkimbinkimbi. Kwezinye izinhlobo, ngosizo lapho i-ekseli lesibili lingahlotshaniswa neliphambili, lolu uhlelo lwe-4Matic all-wheel drive system (kuyachazwa lapha) noma i-xDrive (lokhu kuguqulwa kuyatholakala ukubuyekeza okuhlukile).

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-viscous coupling kuma-wheel drive amane kunengqondo ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwawo okulula nokwethembeka. Njengoba zisebenza ngaphandle kwe-elekthronikhi nezinye izinsimbi, izixhumi ze-viscous zishibhile kunozakwabo be-electromechanical. Futhi, ukwakhiwa komshini kunamandla kakhulu - kungamelana nengcindezi engafika kuma-atm angu-20. Kunezimo lapho imoto efakwe i-viscous coupling ekuyidluliseni isebenze iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu ngemuva kokuthengiswa emakethe yesibili, nangaphambi kwalokho iphinde yasebenza kahle iminyaka eminingana.

Ububi obukhulu bokudluliswa okunjalo ukusebenza kwe-axle sekwedlule isikhathi - amasondo wedrayivu kufanele ashibilike kakhulu ukuze ikhiyidi ikhiywe. Futhi, umshayeli ngeke akwazi ukuxhuma ngenkani i-asi yombili yesibili uma isimo somgwaqo sidinga ukwenziwa kwe-wheel drive yonke. Futhi, ukuhlangana kwe-viscous kungahle kungqubuzane nohlelo lwe-ABS (ngemininingwane yokuthi isebenza kanjani, funda lapha).

Ngokuya ngemodeli yemoto, umshayeli angahlangabezana nokunye ukungalungi kwendlela enjalo. Ngenxa yalokhu kushiyeka, abakhiqizi abaningi bezimoto bayayeka ukusetshenziswa kwama-viscous couplings kuma-wheel drive transmissions bethandana nozakwabo be-electromechanical. Isibonelo sezinqubo ezinjalo ukuhlangana kweHaldex. Kuchazwa izici zalolu hlobo lokuhlanganiswa kwesinye isihloko.

Ukusebenza kokuhlolwa

Akunzima ukuhlola i-viscous fan clutch. Ngokwemiyalelo yokusebenza kwemoto, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuqala kunjini yomlilo yangaphakathi engashisi, bese kuthi ngemuva kokuba ifinyelele ezingeni lokushisa elisebenzayo. Le yindlela esebenza ngayo kulezi zindlela:

• Uhlelo olubandayo... Injini iyagijima, umshayeli uphakamisa isivinini senjini izikhathi eziningana isikhathi esifushane. Umshini osebenzayo ngeke udlulisele i-torque kumpephele, ngoba indawo okuthengwa kuyo kufanele ihlale ivulekile futhi akukho kuhlangana phakathi kwama-disc.
• Uhlelo olushisayo... Kulokhu, ngokuya ngamazinga okushisa we-antifreeze, ukugqagqana kwesekethe lokukhipha kuzoya, futhi umlandeli uzungeza kancane. Ama-revs kufanele akhule lapho umshayeli ecindezela i-accelerator pedal. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa kwenjini liyakhuphuka, ipompo ihambisa i-antifreeze eshisayo emgqeni uye ku-radiator, futhi ipuleti le-bimetallic likhubazekile, livimba indawo yokukhipha uketshezi olusebenzayo.

Umshini ungabhekwa ngokuzimela ngaphandle kokuxilongwa esiteshini sesevisi ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

1. Imoto ayisebenzi. Zama ukufaka ama-fan blade. Ngokwenza kanjalo, ukumelana okuthile kufanele kuzwakale. Umlandeli akumele agudle i-inertia;
2. Injini iyaqala. Umsindo omncane kufanele uzwakale ngaphakathi kohlelo amasekhondi ambalwa okuqala, athi ukwehla kancane kancane ngenxa yokugcwaliswa komgodi ngalunye uketshezi olusebenzayo.
3. Ngemuva kokuthi injini igijime kancane, kepha ingakafiki ekushiseni okusebenzayo (i-thermostat ayivuliwe), izindwani zizophenduka kancane. Sigoqa ishidi epayipini bese silifaka kuphephela. Umlandeli kufanele avimbe, kepha kufanele kube nokumelana okuthile.
4. Isinyathelo esilandelayo sihilela ukuqaqa ukuhlangana. Umshini ufakwa emanzini abilayo ukuze izingxenye zawo zangaphakathi zifudunyezwe. Umzamo wokuguqula izindwani kufanele uhambisane nokumelana okuvela kumshini. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, lokhu kusho ukuthi ayikho into eyanele ye-viscous ku-clutch. Ngesikhathi salo msebenzi, ungangeza ngokungezelela ukushisa kwesistimu yokupholisa bese uyiflasha.
5. Bheka ukudlala isikhathi eside. Kumshini osebenzayo, lo mphumela akufanele ube, ngoba igebe eliqhubekayo kufanele ligcinwe phakathi kwama-disc. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lo mshini udinga ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa.

Akudingekile ukwenza okunye ukuhlola uma kwesinye isikhathi kungatholakali ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-fan. Akunandaba noma ngabe i-clutch idinga ukulungiswa noma cha, kuhlale kunesidingo sokuhlinzeka ngohlelo lokupholisa ekupheleni kwesizini sasehlobo. Ngenxa yalokhu, isishintshisi sokushisa sisusiwe futhi noma yikuphi ukungcola ngendlela ye-fluff, amahlamvu, njll kususwa ebusweni bayo.

Izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle

Njengoba ifeni egumbini lenjini yenzelwe ukupholisa okuphoqelekile kwemoto ngenkathi isebenza, ukushisa kwento yamandla kagesi kungenye yezimpawu eziyinhloko zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-clutch. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lokhu futhi kuyisibonakaliso sokwehluleka kwezinye izinto zohlelo lokupholisa, ngokwesibonelo, i-thermostat.

Imoto izoshisa ngokweqile ngenxa yokuthi kuvele ukuvuza ku-clutch, futhi uketshezi ludlulisela amandla okujikeleza phakathi kwama-disc kabi, noma alunikeli nakancane lokhu kuxhumana. Futhi, ukungasebenzi ngendlela efanayo kungazibonakalisa ngenxa yokusebenza okungalindelekile kwepuleti le-bimetallic.

Lapho i-clutch ingazibandakanyi kahle, impeller iyeka ukujikeleza noma yenza umsebenzi wayo ngokusebenza okuncane, akukho ukugeleza komoya okwengeziwe okunikezwa isishintshisi sokushisa, futhi izinga lokushisa kwemoto likhuphuka ngokushesha liye kunani elibucayi. Uma imoto ihamba, i-radiator ishaywa kahle, futhi umoya ophoqelelwe awudingeki, kepha lapho imoto ima, igumbi lenjini alinamoya ongcono futhi zonke izindlela nemihlangano ziyafudunyezwa.

Olunye uphawu lwenkinga ye-viscous clutch lungabonakala ngokuqala injini ebandayo nokubona ukuthi umlandeli uziphatha kanjani. Iyunithi engashisi, le ndlela akufanele ijikeleze. umphumela ohlukile uyabonakala lapho into esebenzayo ilahlekelwa yizakhiwo zayo, ngokwesibonelo, iyaqina. Ngenxa yokudlala kwe-longitudinal, ama-disc angaba nokuzibandakanya njalo komunye nomunye, okuholela nasekushintshaneni okuqhubekayo kwamakhasi.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokungasebenzi kahle

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokungasebenzi kahle kokusebenza kwe-viscous coupling ukugqoka kwemvelo kwezingxenye zomshini. Ngakho-ke, umkhiqizi ngamunye ubeka uhlelo oluthile lokugcinwa okuhleliwe kwezinqubo zezimoto. Isisetshenziswa esincane esisebenza sisuka kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-200 wemoto yemoto. Emakethe yesibili, imoto ene-viscous fan izohlala ine-mileage ehloniphekile (ungafunda ngokuthi ungabona kanjani ukuthi i-mileage emotweni esetshenzisiwe isontekile) kwesinye isihloko), ngakho-ke kunamathuba amaningi okuthi ukunakekelwa kuzodinga ukukhokhelwa kulowo mshini ocatshangelwayo.

Nazi ezinye izizathu zokwehluleka kokuhlangana kwe-viscous:

• Ukuguqulwa kwepuleti le-bimetallic ngenxa yokushisa / ukupholisa njalo;
• Ukwehlukana ngenxa yokugqoka kwemvelo;
• Ephukile impeller blade. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwakhiwa i-runout, esheshisa ukugqoka okufakwayo;
• Ukucindezeleka kwecala, lapho kuvela khona ukuvuza kwezinto zokusebenza;
• Ukulahleka kwezakhiwo zoketshezi;
• Okunye ukwehluleka kwemishini.

Uma umshayeli engaqapheli ukuhlanzeka kwemishini noma ukushisa kokushisa, lesi esinye isizathu sokuhluleka kwensiza.

Ukulawulwa kwesikhathi sokusebenza komshini kufanele kwenziwe okungenani kanye ngenyanga, ikakhulukazi ehlobo, ngoba imoto idinga kakhulu ukupholisa ngesikhathi esishisayo. Noma ngabe i-viscous coupling entsha ingawenzi kahle umsebenzi wayo, mhlawumbe kunesizathu sokufaka i-analogue enamandla kagesi. Ngendlela, abanye abashayeli, ukuze benze umphumela omkhulu, bafake i-fan kagesi njengento esizayo.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukulungiswa

Ngakho-ke, lapho umshayeli ebona ukuthi injini yemoto iqale ukushisa kaningi, futhi ezinye izingxenye zohlelo lokupholisa zihlelekile, kufanele kutholakale ukuhlangana kwe-viscous (inqubo ichazwa iphakeme kancane). Njengoba sibonile, okunye ukuphazamiseka kwedivayisi ukuvuza kwe-silicone. Yize ibhukwana lomsebenzisi likhombisa ukuthi lolu ketshezi luthululelwa kulowo mshini efektri, futhi alunakushintshwa, umshayeli angakwazi ukugcwalisa ngokuzimela ivolumu elahlekile ngenxa yokudangala komoya noma ashintshe uketshezi olusha. Inqubo uqobo ilula. Kunzima kakhulu ukuthola into esebenzayo efanelekile.

Ezitolo, le mikhiqizo ithengiswa ngaphansi kwamagama alandelayo:

• Uketshezi lokulungisa i-viscous coupling;
• Amafutha ku-clutch viscous;
• Into engabicah yokuhlangana okunamandla.

Ukunaka okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekulungisweni kwe-viscous clutch, esetshenziswa ohlelweni lokuxhuma wonke amasondo. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe uketshezi olusha ngokuya ngohlobo lwezinto ezazisetshenziswa ngaphambili. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngemuva kokulungiswa, ukudluliswa ngeke kuxhumane ne-ekseli yesibili noma kuzosebenza ngokungalungile.

Ukulungisa i-viscous coupling, esetshenziswa ku-fan fan drive, i-analog universal ingasetshenziswa. Isizathu ukuthi i-torque edluliswa ngamadiski womshini ayisihle kangako ekudlulisweni (ngokunembile, ukukhipha amandla amakhulu kangaka akudingeki kuleli cala). I-viscosity yalolu daba imvamisa yanele ekusebenzeni komshini.

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokulungiswa kokuhlanganiswa, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole ukuthi lungakanani uketshezi lwe-silicone olukule divayisi. Kumodeli ngayinye yomlandeli, kungasetshenziswa ivolumu ehlukile yento, ngakho-ke imininingwane esezingeni elidingekayo kufanele itholakale kumanuwali yomsebenzisi.

Ukufaka noma ukufaka okunye uketshezi ku-clutch, kufanele:

1. Susa umshini emotweni, bese ususa impepho ku-clutch;
2. Okulandelayo, udinga ukubeka umkhiqizo ngokuvundlile;
3. Iphini elingemuva kwepuleti elilayishwe entwasahlobo liyasuswa;
4. Kufanele kube khona umgodi wokukhipha ezindlini ezihlanganayo. Uma ingekho lapho, khona-ke kuzodingeka uyibhoboze ngokwakho, kodwa kungcono ukubeka le nqubo kuchwepheshe ukuze ama-disc angalimazi;
5. Ngemuva kwalezi zinqubo, cishe u-15 ml ketshezi udonswa emgodini wokukhipha ngomjovo. Umthamo wonke kufanele uhlukaniswe waba izingxenye eziningana. Ngenkathi yokuthela, kudingeka ulinde cishe umzuzu nohhafu ukuze kusatshalaliswe into enama-viscous ezikhaleni zama-disc;
6. Umshini uphinde wahlanganiswa. Ukugcina insimbi ihlanzekile, kufanele isulwe, isuse into eseleyo yesiliconi ebusweni, ezonikela ekusetshenzisweni kwegciwane okusheshisiwe.

Lapho umshayeli ezwa umsindo wabalandeli njengoba uzungeza, lokhu kukhombisa ukuthwala. Ukushintshwa kwale ngxenye kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo nokugcwalisa uketshezi, ngaphandle kokukhohlisa okwengeziwe okumbalwa. Kulokhu, uketshezi ngokwalo kufanele lubuyiselwe olusha.

Ukuze ususe ukufakelwa endlini, kufanele usebenzise i-bearing puller. Ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi ususe i-flaring onqenqemeni lwezindlu zokwakha (ivimbela ukuthwala kungangeni esihlalweni). Akunconyelwe ukuqaqa ukuthwala usebenzisa noma yiziphi izindlela ezithuthukisiwe, ngoba kulokhu ukulimala ezindaweni zokuxhumana nakuma-disc akunakugwenywa. Okulandelayo, kucindezelwa ukuzala okusha (kwalokhu, kufanele usebenzise inketho ngesokhethi evaliwe enobukhulu obufanele).

Inqubo yokulungisa akufanele neze ihambisane nemizamo emikhulu komunye wemiphini yethuluzi. Isizathu ukuthi ngisho nokwakheka okuncane kwediski kwanele, futhi i-clutch ngeke ikulungele ukuqhubeka nokusebenza. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokulungisa, ungaqaphela ukuthi kukhona ifilimu elincanyana lokuthambisa kudivayisi. Akufanele isuswe.

Njengoba umkhuba ukhombisa, iningi labashayeli bezimoto abathathe isinqumo sokuzimela ngokuzimela i-fan viscous coupling banobunzima obuhlobene nokuhlanganisa imishini. Ukuze ungadidanisi ukuthi ungaxhuma kuphi, kungcono ukuthwebula isigaba ngasinye sokuqaqa ikhamera. Ngenxa yalokhu, iziyalezo ngezinyathelo zokuhlanganisa kabusha idivayisi zizotholakala.

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, esikhundleni sefeni ene-viscous coupling, ungafaka i-analogue kagesi. Lokhu kuzodinga:

• Thenga umlandeli wosayizi ofanele ngemoto kagesi (imvamisa lezi zingxenye zohlelo lokupholisa selivele zithengiswa ngentaba kurediyetha);
• Intambo kagesi (ingxenye ephansi yomqhubi wesiphambano kumele ibe ngamamilimitha ayizikwele ayi-6). Ubude bezintambo buya ngosayizi wegumbi lenjini. Akunconyelwe ukusebenzisa i-wiring ngqo noma eduze nezinto zokudlidliza noma ezicijile;
• 40 amp fuse;
• Ukudluliswa kokuvula / ukuvala ifeni (ubuncane bamanje lapho idivayisi ikwazi ukusebenza khona kufanele bube ngu-30A);
• Ukudluliswa okushisayo okusebenza kuma-degree angama-87.

Ukudluliswa okushisayo kufakwe kumbhobho wokungena we-radiator noma udinga ukunamathisela engxenyeni yensimbi yepayipi, eduze ngangokunokwenzeka ne-thermostat. Isifunda sikagesi sihlanganiswe ngokufana nezinhlobo ze-VAZ (umdwebo ungalandwa kwi-Intanethi).

Ukukhetha idivayisi entsha

Njengokukhethwa kwanoma iyiphi enye ingxenye yemoto, ukufuna ukuhlangana okusha kwe-viscous fan akunzima. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa izinsizakalo zezitolo eziku-inthanethi. Noma ngabe idivayisi enikezwa yilesi noma leso sitolo ibiza kakhulu, ungathola okungenani inombolo yekhathalogi yomshini. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukuthola umkhiqizo kwamanye amapulatifomu. Ngendlela, abathengisi abaningi bezimoto online banikela zombili izingxenye zoqobo kanye nozakwabo.

Kungcono ukubheka imikhiqizo yangempela nge-VIN-code (mayelana nokuthi yiluphi ulwazi mayelana nemoto eliqukethe, nokuthi ungayithola kuphi emotweni, funda kwesinye isihloko). Futhi, esitolo sezimoto sendawo, ukukhetha kungenziwa ngokuya ngemininingwane yemoto (usuku lokukhishwa, imodeli, uhlobo lomkhiqizo, kanye nezici zemoto).

Isici esibalulekile lapho ukhetha noma iyiphi idivayisi, kufaka phakathi ukuhlangana kwe-viscous fan fan, ngumkhiqizi. Lapho uthenga izingxenye eziningi zezimoto, akufanele uzethembe izinkampani zokupakisha, kepha lokhu akusebenzi kokuhlanganiswa okunamandla. Isizathu ukuthi aziziningi izinkampani ezibandakanyeka ekwenziweni kwale mikhiqizo, ngakho-ke, ezimweni eziningi, umkhiqizo uzoba sezingeni elidingekayo, futhi izindleko zizohluka kunokwangempela. Amafemu anjalo ajwayele ukuhambisa izixhumi ezimbonini ezihlanganisa izimoto.

Iyaphawuleka imikhiqizo yabakhiqizi abalandelayo:

• Amafemu aseGerman iBehr-Hella, Meyle, Febi neBeru;
• Umkhiqizi waseDenmark uNissens;
• Inkampani yaseNingizimu Korea iMobis.

Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe kumikhiqizo yabasanda kungena emakethe yabakhiqizi baseTurkey nabasePoland. Uma kukhona ithuba lokukhetha omunye umkhiqizi, kungcono ukuthi ungalingwa ngentengo yesabelomali. Ukunquma isithunzi senkampani, kwanele ukunaka okunezinhlobonhlobo zayo.

Imvamisa, izixhumi ezifanelekile ze-viscous zithengiswa amafemu akhiqiza ama-radiator nezinye izinto zezinhlelo zokupholisa zokuhamba. Uma unolwazi lokuthenga irediyetha yekhwalithi ephezulu, kufanele uqale ubheke ukuhlangana kwe-viscous efanelekile kukhathalogi yalo mkhiqizi.

Izinzuzo nokungalungi

Ukwehluleka kohlelo lokupholisa injini kuhlala kugcwele ukulimala okukhulu kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Ngalesi sizathu, akunakwenzeka ukuthi umuntu angazinaki izimpawu ezincanyana ezibonisa ukuwohloka noma ukwehluleka okuseduze kwesinye sezakhi zohlelo. Ukuze umshayeli angadingi ukuthi aye njalo esikhungweni sezinsiza ayolungisa imoto ngenxa yokushisa kwayo ngokweqile, okuyiyona uqobo yezinqubo ezibiza kakhulu ekusebenziseni imoto, abakhiqizi abasungula izinhlelo zokupholisa bazamile ukwenza ukuthi izingxenye zayo zithembeke ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuthembeka kokuhlangana kwe-viscous okuyinzuzo enkulu.

Ezinye izinzuzo zalo mshini zifaka:

• Idivayisi elula, ngenxa yokuthi kunamayunithi ambalwa womshini angaphansi kokugqokwa noma ukonakala okusheshayo;
• Ngemuva kokungasebenzi kwemoto ebusika, le ndlela ayidingi ukunakekelwa, njenge-elekthronikhi, uma imoto ibigcinwe egumbini elibandayo nelinamanzi;
• Umshini usebenza ngokuzimela kwesekethe kagesi yemoto;
• I-shaft fan ingazungeza ngamandla amakhulu (lokhu kuya ngejubane lemoto nosayizi wamapulaya wokushayela). Akuwona wonke umlandeli kagesi okwazi ukuletha amandla afanayo neyunithi yamandla uqobo. Ngenxa yale ndawo, lo mshini usasetshenziswa ezintweni ezisindayo, ezokwakha nezempi.

Naphezu kokusebenza kahle nokwethembeka kokuhlanganiswa kwe-viscous kwe-fan yokupholisa, le ndlela inezithiyo eziningana ezibalulekile, ngenxa yokuthi abaningi be-automakers benqaba ukufaka i-viscous coupling ku-radiator fan drive. Lokhu okubi kubandakanya:

• Akuzona zonke iziteshi ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokulungiswa nokulungiswa kwalezi zinqubo, ngoba manje sebembalwa ongoti abakuqondayo ukubanzima kwensiza;
• Imvamisa ukulungiswa komshini akuholeli emiphumeleni oyifunayo, ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka, kufanele ushintshe ngokuphelele idivayisi;
• Njengoba i-fan drive ixhunywe ku-crankshaft, isisindo sedivayisi sithinta le ngxenye yemoto;
• Umshini awudalwa yizimpawu zikagesi, njenge fan kagesi, kodwa ngenxa yomphumela oshisayo kupuleti le-bimetallic. Abashayeli abaningi bayazi ukuthi imishini yokusebenza ayinembile njengabalingani bakagesi. Ngalesi sizathu, ukuhlangana kwe-viscous akuvulwa ngokunemba nangejubane elinjalo;
• Amanye ama-CO akuvumela ukuthi upholise imoto isikhashana ngemuva kokuyimisa. Njengoba ukuhlangana kwe-viscous kusebenza ngokukhethekile ngokuzungezisa i-crankshaft, le nketho ayitholakali kule divayisi;
• Lapho isivinini senjini sisondela kubukhulu baso, kunomsindo ohloniphekile ovela kufeni;
• Amanye amamodeli wokuhlanganiswa okunamandla adinga ukugcwaliswa nguketshezi olusebenzayo, noma ngabe umenzi akhombisa ukuthi inqubo enjalo ayidingeki ngomshini. Ubunzima kuleli cala ukukhetha into elungile, ngoba akuyona yonke imiyalo yokusebenza ekhombisa ukuthi iyiphi into esetshenzisiwe esimweni esithile (ziyehluka ku-viscosity yokuqala kanye nesikhathi lapho uketshezi luguqula izakhiwo zalo);
• Amanye amandla eseyunithi yamandla asetshenziselwa ukushayela ifeni.

Ngakho-ke, ukuhlangana kwe-viscous ngesinye sezixazululo zoqobo ezinikeza ukupholisa okuphoqelelwe kwe-radiator. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba wonge amandla amancane ebhetri noma wehlise umthwalo ku-generator yemoto, ngoba ayisebenzisi ugesi ekusebenzeni kwayo.

Imvamisa, ukuhlangana kwe-viscous kusebenza isikhathi eside, futhi akudingi ukugcinwa okukhethekile. Ungakwazi ukuxilonga izinkinga ngokwakho, futhi ukulungiswa, nakuba kunganconywa ngabakhiqizi, kungenziwa ngisho nangomuntu oqalayo - into esemqoka ukukhetha izinto ezifanele zokufaka esikhundleni futhi uqaphele.

Ekuphetheni, sinikeza ividiyo emfushane yokuthi ukuhlangana okunamandla komoya werediyetha kusebenza kanjani, kanye nasezakhiweni zoketshezi olungelona olwaseNewtonian olusetshenziswa kudivayisi:

I-Cooling fan viscous coupling - inqubo yokusebenza, indlela yokuhlola, ukulungisa

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

I-viscous coupling isebenza kanjani emotweni? Phakathi nesivinini esiqhubekayo sokujikeleza kwama-shafts, ama-disks ku-coupling viscous ajikeleza ngendlela efanayo, futhi uketshezi olukuwo aluhlanganisi. Uma umehluko omkhulu ekujikelezeni kwamadiski, into iba mkhulu.

Kuyini ukuhlangana kwe-viscous emotweni? Leli bhulokhi elinama-shafts amabili (okufakwayo nokuphumayo), lapho ama-disks alungiswa khona. Umshini wonke ugcwele izinto ezibonakalayo. Uma ixubene kakhulu, into iba yinto eqinile.

Kwenzekani uma ukuhlanganisa i-viscous kungasebenzi? Kudingeka i-viscous coupling ukuxhuma idrayivu enamasondo amane. Uma uyeka ukusebenza, umshini uzoba isondo elingemuva noma elingaphambili (noma iyiphi idrayivu ezenzakalelayo).