I-Haldex idonsa ngamasondo onke

Abakhiqizi bezimoto bangeza izinto ezengeziwe ze-elekthronikhi kudivayisi yemoto yesimanje. Ukuvuselelwa okunjalo nokudluliswa kwemoto akuzange kudlule. I-elekthronikhi ivumela izindlela nezinhlelo zonke ukuthi zisebenze ngokunemba futhi ziphendule ngokushesha okukhulu ekushintsheni kwezimo zokusebenza. Imoto efakwe ngamasondo amane kuzodingeka ibe nomshini obhekele ukudlulisela ingxenye ye-torque ku-axle yesibili, iyenze i-axle ehamba phambili.

Ngokuya ngohlobo lwemoto nokuthi onjiniyela baxazulula kanjani inkinga yokuxhuma wonke amasondo, ukudluliswa kungahlonyiselwa umehluko wokuzikhiya (uyini umehluko, futhi uyini umgomo wawo wokusebenza, kuchazwa ngokubuyekezwa okuhlukile) noma i-clutch yamapuleti amaningi, ongafunda ngayo ngokwehlukana... Encazelweni yemodeli yamasondo onke, umqondo we-Haldex coupling ungaba khona. Kuyingxenye yohlelo lwe-plug-in all-wheel drive. Okunye kokufaniswa kwemisebenzi yamasondo wonke we-plug-in ngenxa yokukhiya umehluko ozenzakalelayo - intuthuko ibizwa ngeTorsen (funda ngale ndlela lapha). Kepha le ndlela inendlela yokusebenza ehluke kancane.

Ake sibheke ukuthi yini okukhethekile ngalesi sakhi sokudlulisa, ukuthi sisebenza kanjani, hlobo luni lokuphazamiseka okukhona, nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani i-clutch entsha efanele.

Kuyini ukuhlangana kweHaldex

Njengoba sesibonile, i-Haldex clutch iyinxenye yohlelo lokushayela olune-axle yesibili (ngaphambili noma ngemuva) engaxhunywa, okwenza umshini udonse ngamasondo amane. Le ngxenye iqinisekisa ukuxhumeka okubushelelezi kwe-ekseli lapho amasondo amakhulu wedrayivu ehla. Inani le-torque lixhomeke ngqo ekutheni i-clutch iboshwe kanjani (amadiski esakhiweni somshini).

Ngokuvamile, uhlelo olunjalo lufakwa emotweni lapho isondo langaphambili lishayela khona. Lapho imoto ishaya endaweni engazinzile, ngalolu hlelo, i-torque idluliselwa emasondweni angemuva. Umshayeli akadingi ukuxhuma indlela ngokwenza noma iyiphi inketho isebenze. Idivayisi ine-drive ye-elekthronikhi futhi idalwa ngesisekelo sezimpawu ezithunyelwa yiyunithi yokulawula ukudlulisa. Umklamo womshini ufakwe ezindlini ezingemuva ze-eksisi eduze komehluko.

Okucacile kwalokhu kuthuthukiswa ukuthi akukhubazi ngokuphelele i-axle yangemuva. Eqinisweni, idrayivu yamasondo angemuva izosebenza ngezinga elithile noma amasondo angaphambili enokudonsa okuhle (uma kunjalo, i-asi iqhubeka ithola amaphesenti ayishumi torque).

Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze uhlelo luhlale lukulungele ukudlulisela inani elidingekayo lamaNewtons / amamitha ngemuva kwemoto. Ukusebenza kahle kokulawulwa kwezimoto nezimpawu zayo ezingekho emgwaqeni kuncike ekutheni ukubandakanyeka kwawo wonke amasondo ashayela kusabela ngokushesha kangakanani. Ijubane lokuphendula kwesistimu lingavimbela isimo esiphuthumayo noma lenze ukushayela kube lula kakhulu. Isibonelo, ukuqala kokuhamba kwemoto enjalo kuzoba bushelelezi uma kuqhathaniswa nesihlobo esidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili, kanye ne-torque evela kuphoyinti lamandla izosetshenziswa kahle ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukubukeka kokuhlangana kweHaldex V

Uhlelo olusebenza kahle kakhulu kuze kube manje luyisihlanganisi sesizukulwane sesihlanu seHaldex. Isithombe esingezansi sikhombisa ukuthi idivayisi entsha ibukeka kanjani:

Uma kuqhathaniswa nesizukulwane esedlule, lokhu kuguqulwa kunenqubo efanayo yokusebenza. Isenzo senziwa ngokulandelayo. Lapho ukuvinjelwa kuvuliwe (lokhu kungumqondo ojwayelekile, ngoba lapha umehluko awuvinjelwe, kepha ama-disc aboshiwe), i-disc pack iyaxinwa, futhi i-torque idluliswa ngayo ngenxa yamandla amakhulu wokuphikisana. Iyunithi ye-hydraulic inesibopho sokusebenza kwe-clutch drive, esebenzisa ipompo kagesi.

Ngaphambi kokucwaninga le divayisi nokuthi yini indlela yokusebenza, ake sijwayelane nomlando wokudalwa kwale clutch.

Uhambo lomlando

Ngaphandle kokuthi ukusebenza kwe-clutch yeHaldex akukashintshi ngaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi, phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokukhiqiza le ndlela idlule ezizukulwaneni ezine. Namuhla kukhona ukuguqulwa kwesihlanu, okuthi, ngokusho kwabanikazi abaningi bezimoto, kubhekwa njengelungile kakhulu phakathi kwezifaniso. Uma kuqhathaniswa nenguqulo yangaphambilini, isizukulwane ngasinye esilandelayo sisebenze kahle kakhulu futhi sithuthukile kwezobuchwepheshe. Ubukhulu bedivayisi buba buncane, futhi isivinini sokuphendula sikhuphukile.

Ukwakha izimoto ezinama-axle amabili okushayela, onjiniyela benze izindlela ezimbili zokusebenzisa ukudluliswa kwe-torque ephakathi nendawo. Owokuqala uvimba, kanti owesibili umehluko. Isixazululo esilula kakhulu bekungukhiye, ngosizo lapho i-axle yesibili yedrayivu ixhumeke ngokuqinile ngesikhathi esifanele. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi endabeni yogandaganda. Le moto kufanele isebenze ngokulingana emigwaqeni eqinile futhi ethambile. Lokhu kudingwa yimibandela yokusebenza - ugandaganda kufanele uhambe ngokukhululeka emgwaqweni we-asphalt, ufike endaweni oyifunayo, kepha ngempumelelo efanayo kufanele unqobe ubunzima bendlela engekho emgaqweni, ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokulima insimu.

Ama-ekseli axhunywe ngezindlela eziningana. Kulula ukwenza lokhu ngohlobo olukhethekile lwe-cam noma uhlobo lwegiya. Ukukhiya umshayeli, kwakudingeka ukuhambisa ngokuzimela ilokhi iye endaweni efanele. Kuze kube manje, kunokuthuthwa okufanayo, ngoba lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo ezilula zama-plug-in drive.

Kunzima kakhulu, kepha ngempumelelo engatheni, ukuxhuma i-eksisi yesibili usebenzisa indlela ezenzakalelayo noma i-viscous clutch. Esimweni sokuqala, lo mshini uphendula ngokungafani kokuvukela noma i-torque phakathi kwama-node axhunyiwe futhi kuvimbele ukujikeleza kwamahhala kwemiphini. Intuthuko yokuqala yasebenzisa amacala wokudlulisa ngama-roller freewheel clutches. Lapho ezokuthutha zizithola zisendaweni ebanzi, umshini ucishe ibhuloho elilodwa. Lapho ushayela emigwaqweni engazinzile, i-clutch yayikhiyiwe.

Intuthuko efanayo isetshenziswe kakade ngawo-1950 eMelika. Ezokuthutha kwasekhaya kusetshenziswe izindlela ezihluke kancane. Umshini wabo ubufaka imichilo evulekile yemilenze ekhiyiwe lapho amasondo edrayivu elahlekelwa ukuxhumana nomgwaqo futhi ashelela. Kodwa emithwalweni eyeqile, ukudluliswa okunjalo kungahlupheka kakhulu, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuxhumeka okubukhali kwe-wheel-wheel drive, i-axle yesibili yayilayishwe kakhulu.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuhlangana okubonakalayo kwavela. Imininingwane ngomsebenzi wabo ichaziwe kwesinye isihloko... Intsha, eyavela ngawo-1980, yavele yaphumelela kangangoba ngosizo lwe-viscous coupling yayikwazi ukwenza noma iyiphi imoto idonsa ngawo wonke amasondo. Izinzuzo zalokhu kuthuthukiswa zifaka ukuthamba kokuxhuma i-ekseli lesibili, futhi kulokhu umshayeli akadingi nokumisa imoto - inqubo yenzeka ngokuzenzakalela. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye nale nzuzo, akunakwenzeka ukulawula ukuhlangana kwe-viscous usebenzisa i-ECU. Okubi kwesibili okuphawulekayo ukuthi idivayisi iphikisana nohlelo lwe-ABS (funda kabanzi ngalo kokunye ukubuyekeza).

Ngokufika kwe-multi-plate friction clutch, onjiniyela bakwazi ukuletha inqubo yokusabalalisa kabusha i-torque phakathi kwama-axles ezingeni elisha lonke. Okuhlukile kulo mshini ukuthi yonke inqubo yokusabalalisa amandla okususa ingalungiswa ngokuya ngesimo somgwaqo, futhi lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa imiyalo evela kwiyunithi yokulawula ngogesi.

Manje isiliphu sesondo asisona isici esinqumayo ekusebenzeni kwezinhlelo. I-elekthronikhi inquma indlela yokusebenza yenjini, ukuthi ibhokisi likamagiya livulwa ngejubane elingakanani, irekhoda amasiginali avela kuzinzwa zesilinganiso sokushintshana nezinye izinhlelo. Yonke le datha ihlaziywa yi-microprocessor, futhi ngokuya ngama-algorithms ahlelwe efektri, kunqunywa ukuthi iyiphi into okufanele ifinywe ngomshini. Lokhu kuzonquma ukuthi i-torque izosatshalaliswa kabusha ngamuphi isilinganiso phakathi kwama-ekseli. Isibonelo, udinga ukuyiphusha imoto uma iqala ukubambeka namasondo angaphambili, noma okuphambene nalokho ukuze uvimbele ingemuva ukuthi lisebenze lapho imoto iseskidini.

Isimiso sokusebenza kwesibamba se-Haldex all-wheel drive (AWD) yesizukulwane sesihlanu

Isizukulwane sakamuva se-Haldex all-wheel drive clutch siyingxenye yohlelo lwe-4Motion. Ngaphambi kwalolu mshini, ukuhlanganiswa okunamandla kwakusetshenziswa ohlelweni. Le nto ifakwe emshinini endaweni efanayo lapho ukufakwa kwe-viscous kwafakwa khona ngaphambi kwayo. Iqhutshwa yikharadi shaft (ngemininingwane yokuthi iyingxenye enjani nokuthi ingasetshenziswa kuziphi izinhlelo, funda lapha). Ukususwa kwamandla kwenzeka ngokuya ngechungechunge elilandelayo:

1. ICE;
2. I-PPC
3. Igiya Main (oluvala amasondo ngaphambili);
4. Umphini weCardan;
5. Umshini wokufaka weHaldex.

Kulesi sigaba, ukuphakama okuqinile kuyaphazamiseka futhi akukho torque ehanjiswa emasondweni angemuva (ngokunembile, iyenzeka, kodwa ngezinga elincane). Umphini wokukhipha, oxhunywe ku-asi engemuva, uhlala ungasebenzi. Idrayivu iqala ukuguqula amasondo angemuva kuphela uma i-clutch ibamba ipakethe yediski efakiwe ekwakhiweni kwayo.

Ngokuvamile, ukusebenza kwe-Haldex coupling kungahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezinhlanu:

• Imoto iqala ukuhamba... Ama-disc clutch friction aboshiwe futhi i-torque inikezwa namasondo angemuva. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-elekthronikhi ivala i-valve yokulawula, ngenxa yokuthi umfutho kawoyela unyuka ngohlelo, lapho i-disc ngayinye icindezelwe khona ngokuqinile komakhelwane. Ngokuya ngamandla ahlinzekwa kudrayivu, kanye namasiginali avela ezinzwa ezahlukahlukene, iyunithi yokulawula inquma ukuthi iyiphi isilinganiso sokudlulisa i-torque iye ngemuva emotweni. Le pharamitha ingahluka kusuka kubuncane iye emaphesentini ayi-100, okuthi kulokhu kwenzeka yenze imoto idonsa ngamasondo ngemuva isikhashana.
• Ukushelela kwamasondo angaphambili ekuqaleni kokuhamba... Kuleli qophelo, ingxenye engezansi yokudlulisela izothola amandla amakhulu, njengoba amasondo angaphambili alahlekelwe ukudonsa. Uma isondo elilodwa lishibilika, khona-ke ilokhi ehlukaniswa ngogesi elenza i-cross-axle (noma i-analogue yemishini, uma lolu hlelo lungekho emotweni) iyasebenza. Kuphela emva kwalokho bamba isivuliwe.
• Ijubane lokuhamba eliqhubekayo... I-valve yokulawula uhlelo iyavula, uwoyela uyayeka ukusebenza ku-hydraulic drive, namandla awasahlinzekwa ku-axle yangemuva. Ngokuya ngesimo somgwaqo nomsebenzi owenziwe ngumshayeli (ezimotweni eziningi ezinalolu hlelo, kungenzeka ukhethe imodi yokushayela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zemigwaqo yomgwaqo), amandla kagesi asabalalisa amandla ngezinga elithile emazembeni ngokuvula / ukuvala i-valve yokulawula i-hydraulic.
• Ukucindezela ibhasikidi elincane kanye nokunciphisa imoto... Kuleli qophelo, i-valve izobe ivulekile, futhi wonke amandla aya ngaphambili kokudluliswa ngenxa yokuthi ama-clutches akhishwa.

Ukuze uthuthukise imoto edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili ngale ndlela, uzodinga ukwenza ukulungiswa okukhulu kwemoto yakho. Isibonelo, i-clutch ngeke idlulise i-torque ngaphandle kwejoyinti lendawo yonke. Ukwenza lokhu, imoto kufanele ibe nomhubhe ukuze ngesikhathi sokuhamba le ngxenye inganamatheli emgwaqweni. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi ubuyisele ithangi likaphethiloli nge-analogue nomhubhe ohlangene wendawo yonke. Ngokuhambisana nalokhu, kuzodingeka futhi ukuvuselela ukumiswa kwemoto. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, ukufakwa kwamasondo onke emotweni edonsa ngamasondo wenziwa efektri - kungenzeka ukwenza lesi sesimanje endaweni yegaraji, kepha kuzothatha isikhathi nemali eningi.

Nayi itafula elincane lokuthi iHaldex clutch isebenza kanjani ezimweni ezihlukile zokushayela (ukutholakala kwezinye izinketho kuncike kwimodeli yemoto lapho kufakwa khona ipulagi enamasondo amane):

Imodi:	Umehluko ekuvukeleni kwamasondo angaphambili nangemuva:	Amandla adingekayo e-asi engemuva:	Imodi yokusebenza ye-Clutch:	Amapulse angenayo avela kuzinzwa:
Imoto emile	Omncane	Ubuncane (bokulayisha kuqala noma ukusula izikhala ze-disc)	Kufakwa ingcindezi enkulu kwiphakheji yediski, ukuze igcinwe icindezelwe kancane.	Isivinini senjini; I-Torque; Izikhundla ze-Throttle noma zegesi; Izinguquko zamasondo ezivela esondweni ngalinye (ama-4 ama-PC.)
Iyashesha imoto	Okukhulu	Okukhulu	Ingcindezi kawoyela ikhuphuka kulayini (kwesinye isikhathi iye phezulu)	Isivinini senjini; I-Torque; Izikhundla ze-Throttle noma zegesi; Izinguquko zamasondo ezivela esondweni ngalinye (ama-4 ama-PC.)
Imoto ihamba ngejubane elikhulu	Ubuncane	Ubuncane	Indlela iyasebenza ngokuya ngesimo emgwaqeni kanye nemodi yokudlulisa efakiwe	Isivinini senjini; I-Torque; Izikhundla ze-Throttle noma zegesi; Izinguquko zamasondo ezivela esondweni ngalinye (ama-4 ama-PC.)
Imoto ishayise umgwaqo onamaqhubu	Iyahluka kusuka kokuncane kuya kokukhulu	Iyahluka kusuka kokuncane kuya kokukhulu	Umshini uboshiwe, ikhanda kulayini lifinyelela inani lalo eliphezulu	Isivinini senjini; I-Torque; Izikhundla ze-Throttle noma zegesi; Izinguquko zamasondo ezivela esondweni ngalinye (ama-4 ama-PC.); Izimpawu ezengeziwe ngebhasi le-CAN
Elinye lamasondo yisimo esiphuthumayo	Maphakathi kuya kokukhulu	Ubuncane	Kungahle kungasebenzi kancane noma kungasebenzi ngokuphelele	Ijubane le-injini; I-Torque; I-valve ye-Throttle noma i-pedal position position; Izinguquko zamasondo ezivela esondweni ngalinye (ama-4 ama-PC.)
Ihamba kancane imoto	Maphakathi kuya kokukhulu	-	Akusebenzi	Ijubane lesondo (ama-4 ama-PC.); Iyunithi ye-ABS; Ukushintshwa kwesiginali ye-Brake
Idonswa imoto	Высокая	-	Ukuthungela akusebenzi, ipompo ayisebenzi, i-clutch ayisebenzi	Isivinini senjini ngaphansi kuka-400 rpm.
Ukuxilongwa kohlelo lwamabhuleki esitendini sohlobo lwama-roller	Высокая	-	Ukushisa kucishiwe, i-clutch ayisebenzi, ipompo ayikhiqizi ingcindezi kawoyela	Isivinini senjini ngaphansi kuka-400 rpm.

Idivayisi nezinto eziyinhloko

Ngokujwayelekile, umklamo wokuhlanganisa weHaldex ungahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu:

1. Imishini;
2. Umfutholuketshezi;
3. Ugesi.

1) I-Flange yokukhweza idrayivu ye-asi engemuva; 2) Ukuphepha valve; 3) Iyunithi yokulawula ngogesi; 4) Piston yonyaka; 5) Ihabhu; 6) Thambisa washers; 7) Ama-discs e-Friction; 8) Drum bamba; 9) i-axial piston pump; 10) Isilawuli seCentrifugal; 11) Imoto kagesi.

Ngayinye yalezi grooms yakhiwa ngezinto ezahlukahlukene ezenza izenzo zazo. Ake sicabangele ingxenye ngayinye ngokwehlukana.

Imishini

Ingxenye yemishini iqukethe:

• Shaft wokufaka;
• Ukushayela kwangaphandle nangaphakathi;
• Amahabhu;
• Roller isekela, lapho kukhona pistons yonyaka;
• Umphumela wokukhipha.

Ingxenye ngayinye yenza ukunyakaza okuphindayo noma okujikelezayo.

Ngenkathi yokusebenza kwama-ekseli angaphambili nangasemuva anezivinini ezahlukahlukene ze-shaft, amadiski angaphandle, kanye nezindlu, ajikeleza kuma-roller bearings abekwe kushaft yokukhipha. Ama-roller wokuxhasa axhumana nengxenye yokugcina yehabhu. Njengoba le ngxenye yehabhu i-wavy, amabheringi ahlinzeka ngokunyakaza okuphindayo kwepiston eslayishayo.

Umphini ophuma ku-clutch wenzelwe amadiski angaphakathi. Ilungiswe kuhabhu ngokusebenzisa uxhumano oluhlukanisiwe, futhi yakha isakhiwo esisodwa negiya. Emnyango bamba kukhona design efanayo (umzimba nge akwazi ukugcina kanye roller amabombo), kuphela yakhelwe iphakethe akwazi ukugcina zangaphandle.

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza komshini, i-piston eslayishayo ihambisa uwoyela ngemigudu ehambisanayo iye emgodini we-piston esebenzayo, esuka ekucindezelweni, ekucindezeleni / ekwandiseni ama-disc. Lokhu kunikeza ukuxhumana ngomshini phakathi kwama-asi angaphambili nangasemuva, uma kunesidingo. Ingcindezi yomugqa ishintshwa ngama-valve.

Ama-Hydraulics

Idivayisi yeyunithi ye-hydraulic yohlelo iqukethe:

• Ingcindezi valve;
• Idamu lapho uwoyela ungaphansi kwengcindezi (kuya ngesizukulwane se-clutch);
• Isihlungi samafutha;
• Amapistoni wonyaka;
• Isilawuli valve;
• Isivimbelo valve.

Umjikelezo wokubacindezela wohlelo ucushwa lapho ijubane lamandla kagesi lifinyelela ku-400 rpm. Amafutha akhishwa kwi-piston eslayidayo. Lawa ma-elementi ahlinzekwa ngasikhathi sinye nge-lubrication edingekayo futhi abanjwa ngokuqinile ngokumelene nehabhu.

Ngasikhathi sinye, i-lubricant impontshwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi ngokusebenzisa ama-valve wokucindezela kuya ku-piston yengcindezi. Ijubane le-clutch liqinisekiswa iqiniso lokuthi izikhala eziphakathi kwama-disc alayishwe entwasahlobo ziyaqedwa ngomfutho omncane ohlelweni. Le pharamitha igcinwa ezingeni lamabha amane ichibi elikhethekile (i-accumulator), kepha kokunye ukuguqulwa le nto ayikho. Futhi, le nto iqinisekisa ukufana kwengcindezi, isuse ukukhuphuka kwengcindezi ngenxa yokuphindisela ukunyakaza kwamapiston.

Okwamanje uwoyela ugeleza ngaphansi kwengcindezi ngamaphayiphu e-sliding bese ungena ku-valve yensiza, i-clutch icindezelwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, iqembu lamadiski, agxiliswe kushaft yokufaka, adlulisa i-torque kusethi yesibili yama-disc, ehlelwe kushaft okukhiphayo. Amandla okucindezelwa, njengoba sesibonile, ancike ekucindezelweni kukawoyela kulayini.

Ngenkathi i-valve yokulawula inikeza ukwanda / ukwehla kwengcindezi kawoyela, inhloso ye-valve yokusiza ingcindezi ukuvimbela ukwanda okukhulu kwengcindezi. Ilawulwa yizimpawu ezivela ku-ECU yokudlulisela. Ngokuya ngesimo sasemgwaqeni, esidinga amandla ayo ku-asi ye-engemuva yemoto, i-valve yokulawula ivula kancane ukukhipha uwoyela esampeni. Lokhu kwenza i-clutch isebenze ithambe ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ukuxhumeka kwayo kubangelwa ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu, ngoba lonke uhlelo lilawulwa nge-elekthronikhi, hhayi ngezindlela, njengakumahluko wokukhiya ngomshini.

Ezogesi

Uhlu izingxenye kagesi bamba siqukethe izinzwa eziningi electronic (inani lazo kuncike emotweni imoto kanye nezinhlelo ezifakwe kuyo). Iyunithi yokulawula ye-Haldex clutch ingathola ama-pulse avela ezinzwa ezilandelayo:

• Isondo liyajikajika;
• Ukuqiniswa kwesistimu ye-Brake;
• Izikhundla zokubopha ngesandla;
• Ukuzinza kwesilinganiso sokushintshisana;
• INGXENYE;
• I-crankshaft ye-DPKV;
• Amazinga okushisa kawoyela;
• Izikhundla zokuhamba ngegesi.

Ukwehluleka kwesinye sezinzwa kuholela ekwabiweni kabusha okungalungile kwamandla okusuka ngamasondo amane ezihlakalweni. Onke amasiginali acutshungulwa yiyunithi yokulawula, lapho ama-algorithms athile abangelwa khona. Kwezinye izimo, i-clutch imane iyeke ukuphendula, ngoba i-microprocessor ayitholi isignali edingekayo yokunquma amandla okucinana e-clutch.

Eziteshini zohlelo lwe-hydraulic kune-flow section regulator exhunywe ne-valve control. Yiphini elincane, isikhundla esilungiswa yimoto kagesi ye-servo, enohlobo olusebenzayo lokunyathela. Idivayisi yakhe inesondo legiya elixhunywe kuphini. Lapho kutholwa isignali evela kwiyunithi yokulawula, imoto iphakamisa / yehlisa isiqu, ngaleyo ndlela yande noma inciphise ukuwela kwesiteshi. Le ndlela iyadingeka ukuvimbela i-valve yokuvimbela ekulahleni uwoyela omningi epanini likawoyela.

Izizukulwane zokuhlanganisa zeHaldex

Ngaphambi kokubheka isizukulwane ngasinye se-Haldex clutch, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-plug-in-wheel drive ihluke kanjani kunonaphakade. Kulokhu, ukukhiya umehluko wesikhungo akusetshenzisiwe. Ngalesi sizathu, ezimweni eziningi, ukukhipha amandla kwenziwa nge-axle yangaphambili (lokhu kuyisici sohlelo olufakwe i-Halsex clutch). Amasondo angemuva axhunywe kuphela uma kunesidingo.

Isizukulwane sokuqala bamba wabonakala ngo-1998. Lokhu bekuyinketho ebonakalayo. Impendulo yamasondo angemuva ibincike ngqo kusivinini sesiliphu sangaphambili. Okubi kwalokhu kuguqulwa ukuthi kwasebenza ngokuya ngezinto ezibonakalayo zezinto ezisetshenziswayo, ezishintsha ubukhulu bazo ngokuya ngamazinga okushisa noma inani lezinguquko zezingxenye zokushayela. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuxhumana kwe-ekseli lesibili kwenzeka ngokungazelelwe, okungaholela ezimeni eziphuthumayo ezimweni ezijwayelekile zomgwaqo. Isibonelo, lapho imoto ingena ejikeni, i-viscous coupling ingasebenza, obekuphazamisa kakhulu abashayeli abaningi.

Kakade leso sizukulwane sathola izengezo ezincane. Eminye imishini ye-elekthronikhi, imishini, kanye ne-hydraulic ingeziwe ukwenza ngcono ukuphathwa kokusebenza kwensiza:

• ECU;
• Iphampu kagesi;
• Imoto kagesi;
• Solenoid umphini;
• Stupica;
• Flange;
• Umfutholuketshezi blower;
• Ama-discs okuhlangana komhlaba;
• Isigubhu.

Amabhulokhi wempompo wokubacindezela - enza ingcindezi isebenze kwisilinda, esicindezele ama-discs komunye nomunye. Ukwenza ama-hydraulic asebenze ngokushesha, kwafakwa imoto kagesi ezoyisiza. I-valve ye-solenoid ibinomthwalo wokunciphisa ingcindezi eyeqile, ngenxa yokuthi ama-disc ayengabanjwanga.

Isizukulwane sesibili se-clutch savela ngo-2002. Kunokwehluka okumbalwa phakathi kwezinto ezintsha nenguqulo yangaphambilini. Ukuphela kwento, le bamba yayihlanganiswe nokwehluka kwangemuva. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukulungisa. Esikhundleni se-solenoid valve, umenzi ufake i-analogue ye-electro-hydraulic. Idivayisi yenziwe yaba lula ngezingxenye ezimbalwa. Futhi, kwakhiwa ipompo kagesi esebenza kahle kakhudlwana ekwakhiweni kwe-clutch, ngenxa yokuthi yayingadingi ukugcinwa njalo (iyakwazi ukubhekana nomthamo omkhulu wamafutha).

Isizukulwane sesithathu seHaldex sathola izibuyekezo ezifanayo. Akukho lutho oluyikhadinali: uhlelo lwaqala ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ngenxa yokufakwa kwepompo kagesi esebenza kahle kakhulu kanye ne-valve ye-electro-hydraulic. Ukuvinjelwa okuphelele kwalokhu kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-150ms. Lokhu kuguqulwa kuvame ukubizwa ngemibhalo njenge-PREX.

Ngo-2007 kwavela isizukulwane sesine se-plug-in all-wheel drive clutch. Okwamanje, umenzi ubuyekeze ngokuphelele ukwakheka komshini. Ngenxa yalokhu, umsebenzi wayo usheshisiwe, futhi ukuthembeka kwawo kuye kwanda. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izinto kususe cishe ama-alamu angamanga wedrayivu.

Izinguquko ezinkulu ohlelweni zifaka:

• Ukuntuleka kokuvimba okuqinile kususelwa kuphela komehluko wokujikeleza kwamasondo angaphambili nangemuva;
• Ukulungiswa komsebenzi kwenziwa ngokuphelele nge-elekthronikhi;
• Esikhundleni sephampu wokubacindezela, i-analogue kagesi enokusebenza okuphezulu ifakiwe;
• Ijubane eligcwele lokuvimba lehliswe kakhulu;
• Ngenxa yokufakwa kweyunithi yokulawulwa kokudluliswa kwe-elekthronikhi, ukwabiwa kabusha kwamandla okususa amandla kwaqala ukulungiswa ngokulungile nangokushelela.

Ngakho-ke, i-elekthronikhi kulokhu kuguqulwa ikwazile ukuvimbela ukwehla kwamasondo angaphambili, ngokwesibonelo, lapho umshayeli ecindezela kakhulu i-accelerator pedal. I-clutch ivulwe yizimpawu ezivela ohlelweni lwe-ABS. Okucacile kwalesi sizukulwane ukuthi manje bekuhloselwe kuphela izimoto ezihlonyiswe ngohlelo lwe-ESP.

Isizukulwane sakamuva, sesihlanu (esikhiqizwe kusukela ngo-2012) se-Haldex coupling sithole izibuyekezo, ngenxa yokuthi umenzi wakwazi ukunciphisa ubukhulu bedivayisi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo andise ukusebenza kwayo. Nazi ezinye izinguquko ezithinte le ndlela:

1. Esakhiweni, isihlungi sikawoyela, i-valve elawula ukuvalwa kwesifunda, kanye nedamu lokuqongelela uwoyela ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu kususiwe;
2. I-ECU yathuthukiswa, kanye nepompo kagesi;
3. Kuklanywe iziteshi zika-oyela, kanye ne-valve ekhulula ingcindezi eyeqile ohlelweni;
4. Umzimba wedivayisi uqobo ushintshiwe.

Kuphephile ukusho ukuthi umkhiqizo omusha inguqulo ethuthukisiwe yesizukulwane sesine se-clutch. Inempilo ende yokusebenza futhi inezinga eliphakeme lokuthembeka. Ngenxa yokususwa kwezinye izingxenye esakhiweni, lo mshini waba lula ukuwunakekela. Uhlu lwesondlo lufaka phakathi izinguquko ezivamile zamafutha egiya (kwesinye isihloko funda ukuthi uwoyela uhluke kanjani ekuthambiseni injini), okumele ikhiqizwe kungakadluli izinkulungwane ezingama-40. km. amamayela. Ngaphezu kwale nqubo, ngenkathi kuguqulwa igrisi, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ipompo kanye nezingxenye zangaphakathi zendlela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho okugqokile noma ukungcoliswa.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kweHaldex

Umshini wokubamba weHaldex uqobo kuyaqabukela wephuka ngokulungiswa okufika ngesikhathi. Ngokuya ngemodeli yemoto, le divayisi ingahluleka njengomphumela we:

• Ukuvuza okugcobisayo (i-sump ibhoboziwe noma ukuvuza kukawoyela kuma-gaskets);
• Ushintsho lwamafutha olungakafiki. Njengoba wonke umuntu azi, i-lubrication in izindlela ayigcini nje ukuvimbela ukungqubuzana okomile kwezingxenye zokuxhumana, kodwa futhi iyazipholisa futhi igeze izinsimbi zensimbi ezakhiwe ngokusebenzisa izingxenye ezisezingeni eliphansi. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunokukhishwa okukhulu kwamagiya nakwezinye izingxenye ngenxa yenqwaba yezinhlayiya zangaphandle;
• Ukonakala kwe-solenoid noma amaphutha ekusebenzeni kweyunithi yokulawula;
• Ukuwohloka kwe-ECU;
• Ukwehluleka kwepompo kagesi.

Kulezi zinkinga, iningi labashayeli bezimoto libhekene nokwakhiwa kwentuthuko eqinile ezingxenyeni ezithile ngenxa yokwephula uhlelo lokushintsha uwoyela. Ukonakala kwepompo kagesi akuvamile. Izizathu zokwephuka kwayo kungaba ukugqokwa kwamabhulashi, amabheringi, noma ukuqhekeka komoya oshisayo ngenxa yokushisa kwawo okukhulu. Ukwephuka okungajwayelekile kungukungasebenzi kahle kweyunithi yokulawula. Ukuphela kwento ahlala ehlushwa yiyo i-oxidation yecala.

Ukukhetha ukuhlangana okusha kweHaldex

Kuyadingeka futhi ukunamathela esimisweni sokugcinwa okujwayelekile kwe-clutch ngenxa yezindleko zayo eziphakeme. Isibonelo, i-clutch entsha yezinhlobo ezithile zezimoto ezikhiqizwe ukukhathazeka kwe-VAG izobiza ngaphezu kwamadola ayinkulungwane (ngemininingwane ukuthi yimaphi amamodeli wemoto akhiqizwa ukukhathazeka kwe-VAG, funda kwesinye isihloko). Njengoba kunikezwe le ndleko, umenzi unikeze ithuba lokulungisa le divayisi ngokufaka ezinye zezinto zalo ngezintsha.

Kunezindlela eziningi zokukhetha i-clutch ehlanganisiwe noma izingxenye zayo ngazinye. Okulula kakhulu ukususa indlela emotweni, kuyise esitolo sezimoto bese ucela umthengisi ukuthi azikhethele i-analogue uqobo.

Ngaphandle komehluko wedivayisi yezizukulwane, akunakwenzeka ukwenza iphutha ekukhetheni okuzimele komshini usebenzisa ikhodi ye-VIN. Lapho ungathola khona le nombolo nokuthi yiluphi ulwazi oluqukethe luchaziwe ngokwehlukana... Ungathola futhi idivayisi noma izingxenye zayo ngenombolo yekhathalogi, ekhonjiswa emzimbeni womshini noma ingxenye.

Ngaphambi kokukhetha idivayisi ngokuya ngemininingwane yemoto (usuku lokukhishwa, imodeli nomkhiqizo), kuyadingeka ukucacisa ukuthi isiphi isizukulwane sokuhlangana esasisemotweni. Azihlali zishintshana. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni ezisele zokulungiswa kwasendaweni. Ngokuqondene ne-lubricant, u-oyela okhethekile uyadingeka. Kwezinye izimo, ukonakala kwepompo kagesi kungalungiswa wedwa. Isibonelo, uma amabhulashi ayo, izimvu zamanzi zikawoyela noma amabheringi esegugile.

Ukulungiswa kokuhlanganiswa, amakhithi wokulungisa anikezwa futhi angalingana izizukulwane ezahlukahlukene zamadivayisi. Ungahlola ukuhambisana kwezingxenye ngokubheka kwinombolo yekhathalogi yokubamba noma ngokucela uchwepheshe ozokwenza ukulungisa.

Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukusho ithuba lokuthenga i-clutch evuselelwe. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthenga inketho enjalo, ngakho-ke akufanele uyenze ezandleni zabathengisi abangaqinisekisiwe. Idivayisi enjalo ungayithenga kuphela eziteshini zensiza ezifakazelwe noma ekuhlukaniseni. Imvamisa izindlela zokuqala zenziwa ngenqubo efanayo, futhi kusetshenziswa izingxenye ezisele zekhwalithi efanayo.

Izinzuzo nokungalungi

Izici eziqondile zokuhlanganiswa kweHaldex:

• Uphendula ngokushesha okukhulu kune-clutch viscous. Isibonelo, ukuhlangana kwe-viscous kuvinjelwe kuphela ngemuva kokuthi amasondo eseqalile ukushelela;
• Umshini uhlangene;
• Akushayisani nezinhlelo zokuvimbela ukushelela kwamasondo;
• Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, ukudluliswa akulayishwa kakhulu;
• Umshini ulawulwa nge-elekthronikhi, okwandisa ukunemba nokushesha kwempendulo.

Naphezu kokusebenza kwayo, uhlelo lwe-Haldex clutch all wheel drive lunezinkinga ezithile:

• Esizukulwaneni sokuqala sezinqubo, ingcindezi ohlelweni ayidalwanga ngesikhathi, yingakho isikhathi sokuphendula se-clutch sishiye sifisa;
• Izizukulwane ezimbili zokuqala zahlushwa iqiniso lokuthi i-clutch ivuliwe kuphela ngemuva kokuthola amasiginali avela kumadivayisi e-elekthronikhi aseduze;
• Esizukulwaneni sesine, kwakukhona ukungalungi okuhambisana nokungabi nomehluko wokuhlangana. Kulolu lungiselelo, akunakwenzeka ukudlulisa yonke i-torque emasondweni angemuva;
• Isizukulwane sesihlanu asinaso isihlungi sikawoyela. Ngalesi sizathu, kuyadingeka ukushintsha igrisi kaningi;
• I-elekthronikhi idinga ukuhlelwa ngokucophelela, okwenza kube nzima ukuthuthukisa uhlelo ngokuzimela.

isiphetho

Ngakho-ke, enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekudlulisweni kwamasondo onke iyunithi esabalalisa i-torque phakathi kwama-asi. I-Haldex clutch ivumela imoto edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili ukuthi isebenze ezimweni ezidinga ukusebenza komgwaqo emotweni. Ukwabiwa okulungile kwamandla eduze kwama-ekseli yipharamitha ebaluleke kakhulu abazama ukufeza bonke abathuthukisi bezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuxhuma. Kuze kube manje, indlela ebhekwayo iyithuluzi elisebenza kahle kakhulu elihlinzeka ukuxhumana okusheshayo nokushelelayo kwedrayivu yangemuva.

Ngokwemvelo, imishini yesimanje idinga ukunakwa okuningi nezimali zokuyilungisa, kepha le divayisi, enesondlo ngesikhathi esifanele, izohlala isikhathi eside.

Ngokwengeziwe, sinikela ngevidiyo emfushane yokuthi ukuhlangana kweHaldex kusebenza kanjani:

I-HALDEX bamba ne-ALL-wheel drive. Ngabe i-Haldex clutch isebenza kanjani ngaphansi kwezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokushayela?

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Ngabe i-Haldex coupling isebenza kanjani? Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-clutch ukhuphukela eqinisweni lokuthi umshini uzwela umehluko wokujikeleza kwe-shaft phakathi kwama-ekseli angaphambili nangemuva futhi uyavinjwa lapho ushelela.

Yini oyidingayo ukuze ushintshe uwoyela ekuhlanganiseni kwe-Haldex? Kuncike esizukulwaneni sokudlulisela. Isizukulwane sesi-5 sinesihlungi samafutha esihlukile. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukusebenza kuyafana kuzo zonke izizukulwane zomshini.

Iyini i-Haldex emotweni? Lena indlela ku-plug-in wonke-wheel drive. Iqalwa lapho i-ekseli eyinhloko ishelela. I-clutch ikhiyiwe futhi i-torque idluliselwa ku-axle yesibili.

Ngabe i-Haldex coupling isebenza kanjani? Iqukethe iphakethe lama-friction discs ashintshana namadiski ensimbi. Eyokuqala igxilile kuhabhu, eyesibili - ku-clutch drum. I-clutch ngokwayo igcwele uketshezi olusebenzayo (ngaphansi kwengcindezi), ecindezela ama-disc ngokumelene nomunye.

Kukuphi ukuhlangana kwe-Haldex? Ikakhulukazi isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma i-axle yesibili ezimotweni ezine-axle exhunywe wonke amasondo, ngakho-ke, ifakwe phakathi kwama-axle angaphambili nangemuva (kaningi ku-axle yezindlu e-axle yangemuva).

Ayini amafutha ekuhlanganiseni kwe-Haldex? I-lubricant yegiya ekhethekile isetshenziswa kulo mshini. Umkhiqizi uncoma ukusebenzisa uwoyela wokuqala we-VAG G 055175A2 "Haldex".