Yini i-thermostat futhi yenzelwa ini?

I-thermostat ingenye yezinto zohlelo lokupholisa injini. Le divayisi ikuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze izinga lokushisa lemoto ngenkathi isebenza.

Cabanga ngalokho okwenziwa yi-thermostat, ukwakheka kwayo, nokusebenza okungabakhona.

Kuyini?

Ngamafuphi, i-thermostat i-valve ebhekana nezinguquko emazingeni okushisa emvelo lapho itholakala khona. Endabeni yohlelo lokupholisa motor, le divayisi ifakwa lapho kuhlangana khona ama-hoses amabili wepayipi. Enye yakha lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yindilinga encane yokujikeleza, kanti enye - enkulu.

Iyini i-thermostat?

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi injini ishisa kakhulu ngenkathi isebenza. Ukuze yehluleke kusuka ekushiseni okuphezulu ngokweqile, kunejakhethi yokupholisa, exhunywe ngamapayipi ku-radiator.

Njengomphumela wokuma kwezimoto, konke okugcobisayo kuhamba kancane kancane kungena epanini kawoyela. Kuyavela ukuthi akukho okugcobisayo enjini ebandayo. Uma kucatshangelwa le nto, lapho injini yokuhlanganisa ingaphakathi iqala, akufanele inikezwe imithwalo esindayo ukuze izingxenye zayo zingapheli ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile.

Uwoyela obandayo kwisigaxa ubonakala ngokuvamisile kunangesikhathi lapho kusebenza khona amandla kagesi, ngakho-ke kunzima ngokwengeziwe kwimpompo ukuwumpompa kuwo wonke amayunithi. Ukusheshisa inqubo, injini kufanele ifinyelele ekushiseni okushisa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Lapho-ke uwoyela uzobe usugeleza kakhulu futhi izingxenye zizothambisa ngokushesha.

Abaqambi bezimoto bokuqala babhekana nomsebenzi onzima: ukuthi benzeni ukuze injini ifudumale ngokushesha, kepha izinga lokushisa layo lalizinze ngesikhathi sokusebenza? Kulokhu, uhlelo lokupholisa lwalenziwe lwalwesimanje, futhi kwavela amasekethe amabili wokujikeleza kuwo. Umuntu uhlinzeka ngokushisa okusheshayo kwazo zonke izingxenye zenjini (i-antifreeze noma i-antifreeze eshisayo evela ezindongeni ezishisayo zama-cylinders futhi idlulisela ukushisa kuwo wonke umzimba we-ICE). Eyesibili isetshenziselwa ukupholisa iyunithi lapho ifinyelela izinga lokushisa lokusebenza.

I-thermostat kulolu hlelo idlala indima ye-valve, enika amandla ukufudumeza kwenjini ngesikhathi esifanele futhi ixhuma irediyetha ukugcina izinga lokushisa lisebenza injini yenjini yokugibela engaphakathi. Lo mphumela utholakala kanjani?

Ikuphi i-thermostat emotweni?

Kumamodeli amaningi, i-auto thermostat ibukeka icishe ifane, ngaphandle kwezinye izici zokuklama. I-thermostat izoma lapho kuhlangana khona amapayipi aphuma enjinini nase-radiator epholisayo. Lezi zici zizoxhunywa ku-thermostat housing. Uma lo mshini ungenayo indlu, khona-ke izofakwa ku-jacket ye-injini (izindlu ze-cylinder block).

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikuphi indawo ye-thermostat, okungenani ipayipi elilodwa lesistimu yokupholisa eliholela kurediyetha nakanjani lizosuka kuyo.

Idivayisi nenqubo yokusebenza kwe-thermostat

Idizayini ye-thermostat ifaka:

• Isilinda Ngokuyisisekelo, umzimba wayo wenziwe ngethusi. Le nsimbi inezinto ezinhle ezisebenza ngokushisayo.
• Kukhona i-filler ngaphakathi kwayo. Ngokuya ngemodeli yengxenye, ingenziwa ngamanzi nangotshwala, noma ingafakwa i-wax exutshwe nethusi, i-aluminium ne-graphite powder. Lokhu okusetshenziswayo kunokuqina okuphezulu kokukhulisa okushisayo. Uma nje i-wax ibanda, kulukhuni. Iyakhula njengoba iqala ukushisa.
• Isiqu sensimbi. Ibekwe ngaphakathi kwesilinda.
• I-Rubber compressor. Le nto ivimbela isihlungi ukuthi singangeni kwi-coolant futhi sihambise isiqu.
• Ivelu. Kunezimbili zalezi zinto kudivayisi - enye phezulu kwe-thermostat, kanti enye ingezansi (kwamanye amamodeli yinye). Bavula / bavala umjikelezo omncane nomkhulu.
• Ezezindlu. Womabili ama-valves nesilinda kugxilwe kuwo.
• Iziphethu zinikezela ukumelana okufanelekile kokunyakaza kwesiqu.

Isakhiwo sonke sibekwe ngaphakathi komugqa phakathi kombuthano omncane nomkhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, indawo encane yokufaka iluphu ixhumeke kuyunithi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isingenisi esikhulu. Kunendlela eyodwa kuphela yokuphuma kwifoloko.

Ngenkathi okupholile kuzungeza isiyingi esincane, kancane kancane kufudumeza isilinda se-thermostat. Kancane kancane amazinga okushisa emvelo akhuphuka. Lapho inkomba ifinyelela kumadigri angama-75 kuye kwangama-95, i-wax isivele incibilikile (iminsimbi yensimbi isheshisa inqubo) futhi iqala ukwanda. Njengoba ingenasikhala emgodleni, icindezela ukumelana ne-stem seal yensimbi.

Lapho iyunithi yamandla isifudumele ngokwanele, i-valve eyindilinga enkulu iqala ukuvula, bese kuthi i-antifreeze (noma i-antifreeze) iqale ukuhamba isiyingi esikhulu ngokusebenzisa irediyetha. Njengoba ukusebenza kwesiqu ngokuqondile kuncike ekushiseni koketshezi esiteshini, idivaysi ikuvumela ukuba ulondoloze izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lemoto nganoma isiphi isikhathi sonyaka: ehlobo ayikuvumeli ukweqa ngokweqile, futhi ebusika bufika ngokushesha emazingeni okushisa okusebenza.

Kungakhathaleki ukuguqulwa kwe-thermostat, konke kusebenza ngokusho komgomo ofanayo. Umehluko kuphela phakathi kwabo ibanga lokushisa lapho i-valve ibangelwa. Le ipharamitha incike ohlotsheni lwenjini (ngayinye yazo inokushisa kwayo okusebenzayo, ngakho-ke, i-valve nayo kufanele ivuleke ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuchaziwe).

Ngokuya ngesifunda lapho imoto isebenza khona, kufanele kukhethwe i-thermostat. Uma ingxenye enkulu yonyaka ishisa ngokwanele, khona-ke kufanele kufakwe i-thermostat esebenza ngokushisa okuphansi. Kumakhaza abanda kakhulu, kunalokho, ukuze injini ifudumale ngokwanele.

Ukuvimbela umshayeli ekufakweni kwengxenye engafanele, umakhi ukhombisa ipharamitha yokuvula i-valve emzimbeni wefoni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke ama-thermostats ahlukile komunye nomunye:

• Inani lama-valve. Idizayini elula kunazo zonke ine-valve eyodwa. Ukuguqulwa okunjalo kusetshenziswa ezimotweni ezindala. Izimoto eziningi zesimanje zisebenzisa inguqulo yama-valve amabili. Ekuguqukeni okunjalo, ama-valve ahlelwe esiqwini esisodwa, esiqinisekisa ukuhamba kwawo okuvumelanayo.
• Isinyathelo esisodwa nezimbili. Amamodeli wesiteji esisodwa asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezipholile zakudala. Uma uketshezi lugeleza ngaphansi kwengcindezi kwisekethe, khona-ke kufakwa ama-therapy amabili anezigaba ezimbili. Kumamodeli anjalo, i-valve inezici ezimbili. Enye yazo ibangelwa umzamo omncane wokunciphisa ingcindezi, bese kuthi owesibili asebenze.
• Ngomzimba nangaphandle komzimba. Iningi lamamodeli alinaphutha. Ukubuyiselwa, udinga ukuqaqa umhlangano efakwe kuwo. Ukwenza lula umsebenzi, abakhiqizi basebenzise ukuguqulwa okuthile okuvele kuhlanganiswe endaweni ekhethekile. Kwanele ukuxhuma ukuxhumana okuhambisanayo.
• Kufudumele. Ezinye izimoto zenziwa ngama-thermostats anenzwa yokushisa kanye nohlelo lokushisa kwesilinda. Amadivayisi anjalo alawulwa yi-ECU. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wamadivayisi anjalo ukushintsha ibanga lokushisa lokuvulwa kwe-valve. Uma imoto isebenza ngaphandle kwemithwalo esindayo, i-thermostat isebenza ngokujwayelekile. Uma kunomthwalo owengeziwe kuyunithi, ukushisa ngogesi kuphoqa i-valve ukuthi ivule ngaphambili (izinga lokushisa elipholile licishe libe ngama-10 degrees). Lokhu kuguqulwa kusindisa uphethiloli.
• Izibonda. Uhlelo ngalunye lokupholisa lusebenzisa amapayipi angobude obuhlukile kuphela, kodwa namadayimitha. Ngokuhlobene nalesi paramende, i-thermostat kumele futhi ikhethwe, ngaphandle kwalokho i-antifreeze izohamba ngokukhululeka isuka kwisifunda esincane iye kwesinye esikhulu futhi okuphambene nalokho. Uma ukuthengiswa komzimba kuthengiwe, khona-ke kuzoboniswa ububanzi bamapayipi kanye ne-angle yabo yokuthambekela.
• Isethi ephelele. Le pharamitha incike kumthengisi. Abanye abathengisi bathengisa amadivaysi anama-petrol asezingeni eliphakeme, kanti abanye bafaka ikhwalithi ephansi ekhishini, kepha banikela ngokuthenga i-analog okuhlala isikhathi eside ngokwengeziwe.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobo zama-thermostats

Phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zama-thermostats kukhona:

1. I-valve eyodwa;
2. izigaba ezimbili;
3. Ama-valve amabili;
4. Ngogesi.

Umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwalezi zinguquko usesimiso sokuvula kanye nenani lama-valve. Uhlobo olulula kakhulu lwe-thermostat ivalvu eyodwa. Amamodeli amaningi okukhiqizwa kwamanye amazwe afakwe indlela enjalo. Ukusebenza kwe-thermostat kunciphisa ukuthi i-valve, lapho izinga lokushisa elithile lifinyelelwa, livula isifunda somjikelezo omkhulu wokujikeleza ngaphandle kokuvimbela isifunda esincane.

Ama-thermostat ezigaba ezimbili asetshenziswa kumasistimu lapho okokupholisa kungaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu. Ngokwesakhiwo, lena imodeli efanayo ye-valve eyodwa. Ipuleti lakhe liqukethe izakhi ezimbili ezinobubanzi obuhlukene. Okokuqala, ipuleti encane ibangelwa (ngenxa yobubanzi obuncane, ihamba kalula kumjikelezo ngokucindezela okukhulu), futhi ngemuva kwayo umbuthano uvinjelwe ipuleti elikhulu. Ngakho-ke kulezi zinhlelo, indingilizi yokupholisa imoto ivuliwe.

Ukuguqulwa kwama-valve amabili we-thermostats kusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezinhlelo zokupholisa zezimoto zasekhaya. Ama-valve amabili afakwe ku-actuator eyodwa. Omunye unomthwalo wemfanelo wohlaka lwendingilizi enkulu, kanti omunye unesibopho esincane. Ngokuya ngendawo yokushayela, enye yemibuthano yomjikelezo ivinjiwe.

Ku-thermostats ye-electronic, ngaphezu kwesici esiyinhloko, esishiswa ukushisa kwe-coolant, i-heater eyengeziwe nayo ifakiwe. Ixhuma kuyunithi yokulawula. I-thermostat enjalo ilawulwa yi-ECU, enquma indlela yokusebenza yemoto futhi ilungise uhlelo lokupholisa kule modi.

Ukuhlola i-thermostat emotweni

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokubheka impilo yedivayisi:

• Ngokudiliza ohlelweni;
• Ngaphandle kokukhipha emotweni.

Indlela yokuqala ayivamisile ukusetshenziswa. Abanye baphendukela kuyo ukuze baqinisekise ukusebenza kwayo ngokugcwele. Futhi, le ndlela izokuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukusebenza kwengxenye entsha, ngoba lokhu akunakwenziwa esitolo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukushisa amanzi (amanzi abilayo - ngaphezu kwama-90 degrees). Ingxenye icwiliswa esitsheni esinamanzi abilayo.

Uma ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa i-valve ingavuli, khona-ke ingxenye inephutha - noma kukhona okwenzeka esiqwini, noma entwasahlobo, noma mhlawumbe kwenzeka okuthile esitsheni lapho i-wax itholakala khona. kulokhu, i-thermostat kufanele ishintshwe kufakwe entsha.

Ngemininingwane engaphezulu yokuthi ungayihlola kanjani ingxenye entsha, bona ividiyo:

Ukuhlola i-thermostat yemoto

Unganquma kanjani ukuthi iyasebenza noma cha?

Awudingi ukuba uchwepheshe ohamba phambili wokuhlola ukusebenza kwe-thermostat ngaphandle kokukususa emshinini. Kwanele ukuqonda ukuthi isebenza kanjani idivayisi. Phakathi nemizuzu yokuqala yokusebenza kwenjini, lonke uhlelo lokupholisa akufanele lushise. Unalokhu engqondweni, udinga ukwenza okulandelayo:

1. Qala injini uyiyeke iqhubeke.
2. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele uzame amapayipi axhunywe kwi-radiator. Uma i-thermostat ilungile, uhlelo ngeke lukufinyelele kumaminithi ayisihlanu (kuya ngokushisa kwendawo). Uhlelo olubandayo lukhombisa ukuthi i-valve ivaliwe.
3. Okulandelayo, sibheka umcibisholo kudeshibhodi. Uma ikhuphuka ngokushesha futhi idlula kude nomaki wama-90-degree, zama amapayipi futhi. Uhlelo olubandayo lukhombisa ukuthi i-valve ayiphenduli.
4. Ngokufanelekile, okulandelayo kufanele kwenzeke: ngenkathi injini ifudumeza, uhlelo lokupholisa lubanda. Lapho nje isifinyelele ekushiseni okufisayo, i-valve iyavuleka futhi i-antifreeze ihambisane nesifunda esikhulu. Lokhu kupolisa ukudlula kancane kancane.

Uma kunokungahambisani ngokulandelana kwe-thermostat, kungcono ukubuyisela esikhundleni leso ngokushesha.

I-thermostat eshisayo nebandayo. Izinga lokushisa lokuvula

Lapho ushintsha i-thermostat, kunconywa ukuthi uthenge okulingana nefekthri. Ivula ekushiseni okupholile okungama-82 kuya ku-88 degrees. Kodwa kwezinye izimo, i-thermostat engajwayelekile iyasiza.

Isibonelo, kukhona ama-thermostats "abandayo" kanye "nokushisa". Uhlobo lokuqala lwamadivayisi luvula ekushiseni okungaba ngu-76-78 degrees. Eyesibili iyasebenza lapho isibandisi sifudumala cishe kufika kuma-degree angama-95.

I-thermostat ebandayo ingafakwa esikhundleni sejwayelekile emotweni injini yayo efudumala ngokushesha futhi evame ukufika endaweni yokubila. Yiqiniso, ukuguqulwa okunjalo kwesistimu yokupholisa ngeke kuqede inkinga enjalo yemoto, kodwa injini efudumele kahle izobilisa kamuva.

uma imoto isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, khona-ke abashayeli bezimoto bashintsha uhlelo lokupholisa baqonde izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokuvula i-thermostat. Ngokufakwa kwenguqulo "eshisayo", isistimu yokupholisa injini ngeke iqede injini yomlilo yangaphakathi, okuzothinta kahle ukusebenza kwesitofu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokungasebenzi kahle?

Njengoba i-thermostat kufanele iphendule njalo ezinguqukweni zezinga lokushisa ohlelweni lokupholisa injini, kufanele isebenze. Cabangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-thermostat ohlelweni lokupholisa. Eqinisweni, zimbili zazo: zivinjelwe endaweni evaliwe noma evulekile.

Ubhajwe endaweni evalwe ngokugcwele

Uma i-thermostat iyeka ukuvuleka, isipholile sizozungeza kuphela indilinga encane ngenkathi injini isebenza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi injini izoshisa kahle.

Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi injini yomlilo yangaphakathi efinyelele izinga lokushisa layo lokusebenza ayikutholi ukupholisa okudingekayo (i-antifreeze ayizuzi embuthanweni omkhulu, okusho ukuthi ayipholi kurediyetha), izofinyelela ngokushesha okukhulu. inkomba yokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ingabila, ngisho noma kubanda ngaphandle. Ukuqeda ukungasebenzi kahle okunjalo, kuyadingeka ukufaka esikhundleni se-thermostat entsha.

 "Ibhajwe" esimweni esivuleke ngokugcwele noma kancane

Kulokhu, i-coolant ohlelweni kusukela ekuqaleni kwenjini iqala ngokushesha ukujikeleza embuthanweni omkhulu. Ukuze injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ifinyelele izinga lokushisa lokusebenza (ngenxa yalokhu, uwoyela wenjini uzofudumala kahle futhi ugcobe zonke izingxenye zeyunithi ngekhwalithi ephezulu), kuzothatha isikhathi esiningi.

Uma i-thermostat ihluleka ebusika, khona-ke emakhazeni injini izofudumala nakakhulu. Uma ehlobo lokhu akuyona inkinga ethile, khona-ke ebusika ngeke kwenzeke ukushisa emotweni enjalo (i-radiator yesitofu izobanda).

Kungenzeka yini ukushayela ngaphandle kwe-thermostat

Umcabango ofanayo uvakashela abanikazi bezimoto abathi ehlobo bahlale bebhekene nokushisa kwemoto. Bamane bakhiphe i-thermostat ohlelweni, futhi lapho injini iqala, isinqanda-qhwa singena ngokushesha esiyingini esikhulu. Nakuba lokhu kungakhubaza injini ngokushesha, akukhuthazwa ukwenza lokhu (akubanga ngeze ukuthi onjiniyela beza futhi bafaka lesi sici emotweni).

Isizathu siwukuthi i-thermostat emotweni iyadingeka ukuze kuqiniswe umbuso wokushisa we-motor. Ayinikezi nje ukushisa noma ukupholisa kweyunithi yamandla. Uma lesi sici sisuswa ohlelweni lokupholisa, khona-ke umnikazi wemoto uvala ngenkani isiyingi sokushisa injini yangaphakathi. Kodwa i-thermostat evulekile ayivuli kuphela umbuthano omkhulu wokujikeleza.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ivimbela umbuthano omncane wokujikeleza. Uma ususa i-thermostat, ngakho-ke, kuye ngohlobo lwesistimu yokupholisa, iphampu izocindezela i-antifreeze ngokushesha kumbuthano omncane, noma ngabe i-thermostat isusiwe ohlelweni. Isizathu siwukuthi ukujikeleza kuzohlala kulandela indlela yokumelana okuncane. Ngakho-ke, efuna ukuqeda ukushisa kwemoto, umshayeli wemoto angahlela ukushisa kwendawo ohlelweni.

Kodwa injini engafudunyeziwe kahle ayikwazi ukuhlupheka ngaphansi kokushisa ngokweqile. Enjinini ebandayo (futhi lapho ijikeleza ngokushesha embuthanweni omkhulu, izinga lokushisa layo lingase lingafiki ngisho nangama-degree angu-70), ingxube ye-air-fuel ayishisi kahle, okuzobangela ukuba kuvele kuyo insila, ama-spark plugs noma amapulaki akhanyayo azohluleka. ngokushesha, i-lambda izohlupheka.

Ngokushisa okuvamile kwe-motor, kungcono kakhulu ukungasusi i-thermostat, kodwa ukufaka i-analogue ebandayo (ivula ekuqaleni). Kufanele futhi uthole ukuthi kungani injini ishisa njalo. Isizathu singase sibe irediyetha evalekile noma ifeni engasebenzi kahle.

Ividiyo - umsebenzi wokuhlola

I-thermostat ephukile ibalulekile enjinini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, funda ukubuka konke okuningiliziwe kokuthi i-thermostat isebenza kanjani kanye nezinketho zokuhlola:

Thermostat. Idivayisi, inqubo yokusebenza, ukungasebenzi kahle, isheke

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yini i-thermostat futhi yenzelwa ini? Lena idivayisi esabela ezinguqukweni zezinga lokushisa lesipholile, futhi ishintsha indlela yokujikeleza kwe-antifreeze / antifreeze ohlelweni lokupholisa.

Iyini i-thermostat esetshenziselwa? Lapho injini ibanda, idinga ukufudumala ngokushesha. I-thermostat ivimba ukuhamba kwesipholile esiyingini esikhulu ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi (ebusika ivimbela injini ekuqandiseni).

Ithini impilo ye-thermostat? Impilo yesevisi ye-thermostat cishe iminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu. Kuya ngekhwalithi yengxenye ngokwayo. Uma ingashintshwa, injini izoshisa ngokweqile, noma ngokuphambene nalokho, kuzothatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukufinyelela izinga lokushisa lokusebenza.