Isakhiwo nomgomo wokusebenza kokudluliswa kwe-Easytronic

Ngokukhishwa kwesizukulwane esisha ngasinye sezimoto, abakhiqizi bethula ubuchwepheshe obusha ngokwengeziwe emikhiqizweni yabo. Ezinye zazo zandisa ukuthembeka kwezinhlelo ezithile zemoto, ezinye zenzelwe ukwandisa induduzo ngenkathi ushayela. Futhi ezinye ziyathuthukiswa ukuze kunikezwe ukuphepha okuphezulu okusebenzayo nokungenzi lutho kuwo wonke umuntu osemotweni ngenkathi ushayela.

Ukudluliswa kwemoto nakho kubuyekezwa njalo. Ama-automaker azama ukwenza ngcono ukushintshwa kwamagiya, ukwethembeka kwemishini, futhi futhi akhulise impilo yakhe yokusebenza. Phakathi kokuguqulwa okuhlukile kuka-gearbox, kukhona okomshini nokuzenzakalelayo (ngokuningiliziwe, umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ezizenzakalelayo zokudluliswayo ubhekwa esihlokweni esehlukile).

Uhlobo oluzenzakalelayo lwama-gearbox lwakhiwe ngokuyinhloko njengengxenye yohlelo lokunethezeka, ngoba i-analogue yemishini isabhekana nomsebenzi wayo ngokuphelele. Into esemqoka kuleli cala akwenzi amaphutha lapho ushintsha amagiya (lokhu kuchazwa ngokuningiliziwe kokunye ukubuyekeza) futhi uyigcine ngesikhathi (ngalokho okufakiwe kule nqubo, funda lapha).

Umshini ushintshela ngokuzenzakalela kugiya ephezulu / phansi (i-electronic control unit iyakwazi ukuhlola isimo semoto emgwaqweni ngokususelwa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene, inani lazo elincike kwimodeli yemoto). Ngenxa yalokhu, umshayeli akaphazanyiswanga emgwaqeni, yize kungeyona inkinga ukuthi uchwepheshe angene ngejubane elithile, yize kukhona isigwedlo sokushintsha. Ukuze imoto iqale ukuhamba noma yehlise ijubane, umshayeli udinga kuphela ukushintsha amandla asetshenzisiwe esisekelweni segesi. Ukwenza kusebenze / kungasebenzi ijubane elithile kulawulwa ngekhompyutha.

Ukulawulwa kwanoma yikuphi ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kulula kakhulu ukuthi kwamanye amazwe, lapho kufundiswa umuntu oqala ukushayela, isikole sokushayela sibeka uphawu lokuthi umshayeli omusha akavunyelwe ukushayela izimoto ezinokuthuthwa ngesandla.

Njengohlobo lokudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo, ukwenziwa kokuhambisa ngesandla, noma ibhokisi elirobhothi. Kodwa ngisho naphakathi kwamarobhothi kunezinguquko ezimbalwa. Isibonelo, olunye lwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yi-DSG, eyakhiwa onjiniyela bokukhathazeka nge-VAG (mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izimoto ezikhiqizwa yile nkampani, funda ngokwehlukana). Kuchazwa okokusebenza nezici zalolu hlobo luka-gearbox kwesinye isihloko... Omunye umncintiswano wenketho yokudluliswa kwe-robotic ebhekwa njengebhokisi leFord PowerShift, elichazwe ngokuningiliziwe. lapha.

Kepha manje sizogxila kwi-analogue eyenziwe ngokubambisana nezinkampani zakwa-Opel-Luk. Lokhu ukudluliselwa okwenziwa ngesandla kwe-Easytronic. Cabanga ngedivayisi yayo, siyini isimiso sokusebenza kwayo, nokuthi yini eyenza ukusebenza kwale yunithi kube okukhethekile.

Kuyini ukudluliswa kwe-Easytronic

Njengokudluliswa kwe-DSG6 noma i-DSG7, ukudluliswa kwe-Isitronic kunguhlobo lwe-symbiosis phakathi kokudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo nokwenziwa ngesandla. Iningi lezingxenye ezidlulisa i-torque zisuka kwiyunithi yamandla ziye emasondweni edrayivu zinomklamo ofanayo nowezimishini zakudala.

Indlela yokusebenza uqobo lwayo icishe ifane nokusebenza kokudluliswa kwebhuku, kuphela igiya ngalinye elicishiwe / livaliwe ikakhulu ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza komshayeli - udinga nje ukukhetha imodi edingekayo (yalokhu kunesikhethi somsebenzi ), bese ucindezela igesi noma amabhuleki kuphela. Umsebenzi osele wenziwe nge-elekthronikhi.

Sizokhuluma ngobuhle nobubi balokhu kudluliswa ngemuva kwesikhashana. Kepha ngamafuphi, abashayeli abaningi, abakwaziyo ngokwezezimali, bakhetha lolu hlobo, ngoba luhlanganisa ukusebenza kalula komshini ozenzakalelayo ngokuthembeka kanye nomnotho wemishini.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwerobhothi nomakhenikha ukungabi bikho kwephedi yokubamba (umshayeli unegesi namabhuleki kuphela, njengokudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo). Ngalo msebenzi (i-clutch icindezelwe / ikhishwe) kuzoba umthwalo wedrayivu, esebenza kuma-electrohydraulics. Futhi imoto kagesi, elawulwa yi-ECU, inesibopho sokuhamba kwamagiya nokukhethwa kwamagiya adingekayo. Izenzo zomshayeli nezimo zethrafikhi yimininingwane yokufaka kuphela ecutshungulwa yi-microprocessor. Ngokuya ngama-algorithm ahleliwe, kunqunywa umzuzu osebenza kahle kakhulu wamagiye.

Ukuthi isebenza kanjani

Ngaphambi kokubheka ukuthi uyini umsebenzi we-Easytronic, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi iyunithi enegama elifanayo, kodwa ekhishwe eminyakeni ehlukene, ingahluka kancane kune-analogue endala. Isizathu ukuthi ubuchwepheshe abumi ndawonye - buhlala buvela. Ukwethulwa kwezinto ezintsha kuvumela abenzi bezimoto ukuthi bandise impilo yensizakalo, ukuthembeka, noma okunye kobuqili bokusebenza kwezinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo, kufaka phakathi ukuthunyelwa.

Esinye isizathu esenza abakhiqizi bahlale benza izinguquko kudivayisi noma kwisoftware yamayunithi ahlukahlukene nezindlela zezimoto ukuncintisana kwemikhiqizo. Umkhiqizo omusha futhi ongcono, maningi amathuba okuthi uhehe amakhasimende amasha. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kubalandeli bemikhiqizo emisha ehlukahlukene.

Irobhothi lihlukile ekudlulisweni kwe-othomathikhi yakudala ngokuqhekeka kwamandla okudonsa (isikhashana, i-torque iyayeka ukugeleza isuka emotweni iye ku-gearbox shaft, njengakwimishini lapho kukhishwa i-clutch) ngesikhathi sokukhethwa nokubandakanyeka okufanele isivinini, kanye nesikhathi lapho idrayivu idalwa khona. Abashayeli abaningi abanelisekile ngokusebenza komshini ojwayelekile othomathikhi, ngoba uvame ukusebenza sekwedlule isikhathi noma ushintshele phezulu lapho injini ingakafiki ebangeni le-rpm lapho kugcinwa khona amandla angcono kakhulu (empeleni, le parameter ingalawulwa kuphela kumakhenikhi).

Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi ukudluliswa kwamarobhothi kuthuthukiswe ukujabulisa omakhenikha nabathandi bemishini abazenzekelayo. Ngakho-ke, njengoba sibonile, ukudluliswa kwamarobhothi ngokuzimela kunquma isikhathi lapho kudingeka khona ukufaka igiya elifanele. Ake sicabangele ukuthi uhlelo luzosebenza kanjani ngezindlela ezimbili ezitholakalayo: i-othomathikhi ne-semi-othomathikhi.

Ukusebenza okuzenzakalelayo

Kulokhu, ukudluliswa kulawulwa ngokuphelele ngekhompyutha. Umshayeli ukhetha umzila kuphela, futhi ngokuya ngesimo somgwaqo ucindezela i-pedal efanele: igesi / ibhuleki. Ngesikhathi sokwenza lokhu kudluliswa, iyunithi yokulawula ihlelwe efektri. Ngendlela, noma yikuphi ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kufakwe i-microprocessor yayo. I-algorithm ngayinye iyasebenza lapho i-ECU ithola amasiginali avela kuzinzwa ezahlukahlukene (uhlu ngqo lwalezi zinzwa luxhomeke kwimodeli yemoto).

Le modi ivumela ibhokisi ukuthi lisebenze njenge-analogue ejwayelekile ezenzakalelayo. Umehluko kuphela ukukhishwa kokudluliswa okuvela emotweni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kusetshenziswa ubhasikidi we-clutch (ngemininingwane kudivayisi yale ndlela, funda kokunye ukubuyekeza).

Nakhu ukuthi ukudluliswa kwemanuwali kusebenza ngemodi ezenzakalelayo:

• Inani lezinguquko zenjini liyancipha. Lo msebenzi unikezwa i-crankshaft position sensor (yokuthi le divayisi isebenza kanjani, funda ngokwehlukana). Kulokhu, kunqunywa inani lezinguquko ze-crankshaft futhi i-algorithm ehambisanayo iyasebenza kuyunithi yokulawula.
• Ubhasikidi oboshiwe ukhishiwe. Okwamanje, idrayivu shaft inqanyuliwe ku-flywheel (ukuthi imiphi imisebenzi eyenziwa iflwishi emotweni, funda lapha) ukuze igiya elihambelanayo lixhumeke ngaphandle kokulimala.
• Ngokuya ngamasignali atholwe yiyunithi yokulawula kusuka ku-chassis, mpintsha noma izinzwa zokuma ngegesi kanye nezinye izinzwa, kunqunywa ukuthi yimaphi amagiya okufanele asebenze. Kuleli qophelo, kukhethwe igiya elifanele.
• Ngakho-ke ukuthi imithwalo eshaqisayo ayivelwanga ngesikhathi sokubamba i-clutch (idrayivu kanye nemiphini eqhutshwa kaningi inezivinini ezihlukile zokujikeleza, ngokwesibonelo, lapho umshini ukhuphuka umqansa, ngemuva kokukhishwa kwebhande, ijubane lokujikeleza kushaft eliqhutshwa lincipha), ama-synchronizers afakiwe kumshini. Ukuze uthole imininingwane yokuthi basebenza kanjani, funda kwesinye isihloko... Lezi zindlela ezincane ziqinisekisa ukujikeleza okuhambisanayo kwedrayivu kanye nemiphini eqhutshwa.
• Ijubane elihambisanayo liyasebenza.
• I-clutch iyadedelwa.
• Ijubane lenjini liyakhuphuka.

Kuyafaneleka ukunaka iqiniso lokuthi amanye ama-algorithm abangelwa ngasikhathi sinye. Isibonelo, uma uqala wehlise ijubane injini bese ukhama iklatshi, injini izobhuleka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho i-clutch inqanyuliwe kuma-revs aphakeme ngenxa yokuntuleka komthwalo kwinjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, ama-revs ayo azogxuma kakhulu.

Okufanayo kusebenza kumzuzu lapho i-clutch disc ixhunywe ku-flywheel. Lesi senzo nokwanda kwejubane leyunithi yamandla kufanele kwenzeke ngokuvumelanayo. Kulesi simo kuphela, ukuguquguquka kwegiya elibushelelezi kungenzeka. Imishini inenqubo efanayo yokusebenza, kuphela zonke lezi zigaba ezenziwa ngumshayeli.

Uma imoto ikhuphuke isikhathi eside, nebhokisi lingadluliswanga kumodi yokuzenzakalelayo, kungenzeka ukunqoba lesi sithiyo, kepha kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isivinini sokushintsha okuzenzakalelayo esingasuselwa kumthwalo obonwe yinjini, ngokususelwa kusivinini se-crankshaft. Ngakho-ke, ukuze iyunithi yokulawula ingashintshi ukudluliselwa kugiya yokuya phezulu / phansi, kufanele ucindezele isigcini segesi okubili kokuthathu ukugcina ijubane leyunithi yamandla cishe ezingeni elifanayo.

Semi-othomathikhi yokusebenza imodi

Ngemodi yokuzenzakalelayo, ukudluliswa kuzosebenza cishe ngokulandelana okufanayo. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi umshayeli ngokwakhe ukhetha isikhathi sokushintshela esivinini esithile. Ukuba khona kwe-semi-automatic gearbox control kufakazelwa i-niche ekhethekile kusikhethi semodi.

Eduze kwezilungiselelo eziyinhloko (idrayivu, isivinini esibuyela emuva, imodi engathathi hlangothi, ukulawula ukuhamba ngokuzikhethela) kukhona iwindi elincane lapho isigudluki segiya sihamba khona. Inezikhundla ezimbili kuphela: "+" no "-". Ngokunjalo, ngasinye sezikhundla sikhuphuke noma sehle igiya. Le modi isebenza ngokuya ngomgomo wokudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kweTiptronic (funda ngalokhu kuguqulwa kokudluliswa kokunye ukubuyekeza). Ukukhulisa / ukwehlisa ijubane, umshayeli udinga ukuletha imoto ngejubane elidingekayo bese ehambisa isigwedlo endaweni ayifunayo.

Umshayeli akabambiqhaza ngqo ekuhambeni kwamagiya, njengasesimweni sebhokisi lomshini. Unikeza umyalo kuphela ku-elekthronikhi lapho kudingeka ukuthi ushintshele kwelinye igiya. Kuze kube yilapho iyunithi yokulawula ithola isignali evela kwesigwedlo kule modi, imoto izoqhubeka nokushayela ngejubane elifanayo.

Ubuhle bale modi ukuthi umshayeli uqobo ulawula ukunyuka / ukwehla kwejubane. Isibonelo, lo msebenzi ukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise amabhuleki enjini lapho wehla umqansa noma ngesikhathi sokunyuka okude. Ukuze i-automation ikwazi ukulungisa ngokuzimela ukusebenza kokudluliswa ngokuya ngesimo somgwaqo esinjalo, iphakethe lezinketho zemoto kufanele lifake usizo lapho ushayela emithambekeni (kwesinye isihloko ichaza ukuthi lo msizi usebenza kanjani). Imodi semi-othomathikhi yebhokisi le-Isitronic robotic ivumela umshayeli ukuthi angavumeli ngenkani izindlela zokushintsha.

Ukuze, ngenxa yephutha lomshayeli, ukudlulisela kungashintshi ngengozi kusuka kusivinini esikhulu ngesikhathi sokusheshisa kuya kusivinini esiphansi (umshayeli ubambe ngengozi isigwedlo segiya ngemodi ye-semiautomatic), i-elekthronikhi isalawula ukusebenza kokudluliswa. Uma kunesidingo, le divayisi iyishaya indiva eminye yemiyalo yomshayeli, ibheka njengengahleliwe.

Kwezinye izinhlobo, ezinye izindlela zikhona ngokungeziwe. Nakhu ukuthi basebenza kanjani:

1. Зима... Kulokhu, ukuqala kwemoto kuqala ngejubane lesibili ngejubane eliphansi lenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi ukuze kugweme ukushelela kwamasondo okushayela;
2. Khahlela phansi... Lapho umshayeli ecindezela kakhulu igesi phansi lapho ehamba ukuze asheshise ngokushesha, i-elekthronikhi yehlisa ukudluliswa futhi isebenze i-algorithm, ngokusho lapho injini ijikeleza iye phezulu;
3. Ezemidlalo... Le modi ayivamile ngokweqile. Ngokombono, isebenzisa izinguquko zamagiya ezisheshayo, kepha uma ifakwe i-clutch eyodwa, le modi isasebenza ngokungaphumeleli.

Idizayini yebhokisi le-Easytronic

Idizayini yokudlulisa ngesandla kwe-Easytronic izofaka izinto ezilandelayo:

• Ibhokisi lomshini yilona eliyinhloko kulokhu kudluliswa;
• Bamba obhasikidi;
• Idrayivu ekhama idiski yokubamba ibamba;
• I-drive lapho i-electronics ikwazi ukukhetha nokuvula isivinini;
• Iyunithi yokulawula iMicroprocessor (wonke amabhokisi wamagiya wokuzenzekelayo nowerobhothi asebenzisa i-ECU ngayinye).

Ngakho-ke, irobhothi, elifakwe kwezinye izinhlobo ze-Opel, lincike ekwakhiweni kokudluliswa kwejubane okunamajubane amahlanu. Kuphela lokhu ukuguqulwa unezele bamba idrayivu, kanye igiya shifter. Ibhokisi elinjalo lisebenza nge-clutch eyodwa. Imininingwane yokuthi lichazwa kanjani ibhokisi elirobhothi elinomklamo owodwa lapha.

Amanye ama-automaker nawo akhe uhlobo lwangaphambi kokukhetha amarobhothi. Lokhu ukuguqulwa ifakwe kubhasikidi bamba kabili. Isibonelo sokuguqulwa okunjalo yi-DSG efanayo. Funda ngesakhiwo nangendlela yokusebenza kokudluliswa kwe-clutch ezimbili kokunye ukubuyekeza.

Ake sihlolisise ukwakheka kwezakhi eziyinhloko zokudluliswa kwe-Easytronic.

Idrayivu yokubamba

Idizayini ye-clutch drive yebhokisi le-Izitronic ifaka phakathi:

• Imoto kagesi;
• Uhlobo lwe-worm reducer;
• Indlela ye-Eccentric.

Indlela, ifakwe i-eccentric, ixhunywe kwinduku efakwe ku-piston ye-HCC (clutch master cylinder). Izinga lokunyakaza kwale nduku liqondiswa inzwa ekhethekile. Umhlangano udlala indima efanayo njengonyawo lomshayeli lapho isigwedlo se-clutch sicindezelekile. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, umsebenzi womshini uhlanganisa:

• Ukuphoqa ukuphoqa ukukhipha i-disc ye-friction ku-flywheel lapho imoto iqala ukuhamba;
• Ukuxhuma / ukunqanyulwa kwalezi zinto ngenkathi kuhamba umshini wokushintshela esivinini esikahle;
• Ukunqamula ibhokisi ebhokisini langemuva lokumisa ezokuthutha.

I-clutch yokuzilungisa

Uhlobo lokuzilungisa lwe-clutch ngesinye isici sika-gearbox we-Isitronic robotic. Ngeke kube yimfihlo kunoma ngubani ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile ibhasikidi drive kumishini idinga ukuqinisa ikhebula (kwezinye izimoto, isakhiwo se-lever sisetshenziswa).

Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokugqokwa kwengxenyana yediski, okuthinta amandla umshayeli azodinga ukuwasebenzisa ukukhipha u-gearbox enjinini. Uma ukungezwani kwekhebula kubuthakathaka, ukuqhuma kwamazinyo egiya kungazwakala ngesikhathi sokubandakanyeka kwejubane.

Ibhokisi le-Easytronic lisebenzisa indlela ye-SAC, elungisa ngokuzimela ezingeni lokugqoka i-disc. Futhi, le ngxenye inikeza amandla angaguquki naphansi lapho ecindezela ubhasikidi we-clutch.

Lo msebenzi ubaluleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni hhayi kuphela kwendawo yokushayisana kwediski ye-clutch, kodwa futhi nawo wonke amagiya wokudlulisa. Esinye isici salesi simiso ukuthi, ngenxa yomzamo omncane kubhasikidi, umenzi angasebenzisa imoto kagesi enamandla amancane, evumela amandla kagesi amancane akhiqizwa i-generator ukuthi asetshenziswe. Imininingwane eminingi mayelana nokusebenza kanye nedivayisi ye-generator ichaziwe ngokwehlukana.

Iyunithi yokulawula ngogesi

Njengoba ukusebenza kokudluliswa kwe-Izitronic kuyazenzakalela (futhi noma ngabe umshayeli esebenzisa imodi yokuzenzakalela, uhlelo ngokuzimela lusetha ama-actuator ukuthi anyakaze), idinga i-microprocessor ezocubungula amasiginali avela ezinzwa futhi isebenze i-actuator.

Ukusebenza kohlelo lonke sekulawulwa yiyunithi yokulawula ngogesi. Othile ucabanga ukuthi le microprocessor izimele ngokuphelele futhi ayixhunyiwe ku-ECU eyinhloko. Eqinisweni, akunjalo. Lezi zinto ezimbili zohlelo lokugibela ziyaxhunywa. Eminye idatha ethunyelwe kuphiko oluphakathi nayo isetshenziswa yi-microprocessor yokudlulisa. Izibonelo zalokhu kuyizimpawu zesivinini samasondo nejubane lenjini.

Eminye yemisebenzi eyenziwa yiyunithi yokulawula ukudluliswa yile:

• Ithatha futhi icubungule wonke amasiginali avela kuzinzwa ezihambisana nokusebenza kahle kokudluliswa. Lezi zinzwa zifaka i-gearshift lever position sensor, isivinini samasondo (lokhu kuyingxenye yohlelo lwe-ABS, oluchazwe ngokuningiliziwe kokunye ukubuyekeza), isikhundla se-accelerator pedal, isivinini senjini, njll.
• Ngokuya ngemininingwane etholakele, ama-algorithms ahambisanayo ayasebenza ku-microprocessor, eyakha izigaxa ezithile;
• Ithumela imizwa kuma-actuator ukuthi ayinqamule i-clutch ne-flywheel bese ekhetha igiya elifanele.

Ukukhethwa kwamagiya nokushayela kokuzibandakanya

Idizayini yedrayivu yokukhetha nokuxhuma amagiya wamagiya inama-gearbox amabili. Ngamunye wabo uthembele kunjini eyodwa kagesi. Lezi zindlela zibuyisela isandla somshayeli lapho ehambisa isigwedlo segiya endaweni ayifunayo (kulokhu, amandla adluliselwa nge-rocker nebhokisi le-cardan).

Ngemodi ezenzakalelayo, i-elekthronikhi inquma ngokuzimela isikhathi lapho kudingeka khona ukusebenzisa idrayivu yemfoloko, kanye nokuhamba kwamagiya kushaft yokushayela.

Isikhethi segiya

Ingxenye elandelayo ka-gearbox we-Isitronic robotic gear iyisikhethi segiya. Leli yiphaneli lapho kufakwa khona isigwedlo. Ngosizo lwayo, umshayeli ukhetha imodi edingekayo ukwenza umsebenzi othile. Ukuze kube lula ukusetshenziswa, leli phaneli linelebula ekhombisa ukuthi ikuphi imodi.

Naphezu kwenhloso yayo, le elementi ayinakho ukuxhumana komzimba okuqinile nomshini we-gearbox. Uma kumakhenikhi kumodi ephuthumayo kungenzeka ukwenza uhlobo oluthile lokukhohlisa ngomshini, ngokwesibonelo, ukucisha ijubane, kulokhu leli cala luhlobo lwenkinobho yokushintsha eyenziwe isitayela se-gearshift, esithumela kuphela isinali ku-microprocessor.

Abakhiqizi abaningi bezimoto abahlomisa imikhiqizo yabo ngezinhlobo ezifanayo zokuhambisa abasisebenzisi nhlobo isigwedlo esijwayelekile. Esikhundleni salokho, i-rotary washer inesibopho sokukhetha imodi efanelekile. Inzwa ifakwe ngaphansi kwesikhethi sebhokisi lamagiya elinquma indawo yesigwedlo. Ngakho-ke, ithumela isignali edingekayo kuphiko lokulawula, nalo elenza kusebenze imisebenzi edingekayo.

Njengoba ukuguquguquka kwegiya kwenzeka kwimodi ye-elektroniki, umshayeli angathenga isondo lokushayela elinama-paddle shifters, ngosizo lwawo okuzoba lula kuye ukulawula ukubandakanyeka kwegiya elihambisanayo kwimodi yokuzenzakalelayo. Kepha lokhu kungokwesigaba sokushuna okubukwayo. Isizathu ukuthi i-Izitronic ayinakho ukuguquka kwamagiya kwezemidlalo ngempela, njengakwezimoto zemidlalo, ngakho-ke ngisho nokunyakaza okushesha kakhulu kwesigwedlo kuya endaweni yokuhlanganisa noma yokususa kusazohambisana nokulibaziseka okuthile.

Amathiphu wokusebenzisa u-gearbox Izitronic

Ibhokisi le-Easytronic robotic litholakala kumanqanaba athile we-trim amamodeli afana neZafira, Meriva, Corsa, Vectra C ne-Astra, enziwe yi-Opel. Abashayeli abaningi bakhala ngokusebenza kwaleli bhokisi. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi, ngokusho kwencazelo yendlela yokusebenza, uhlelo lukuziphendukela okunethezeka ngokwengeziwe kokudluliswa okwenziwa ngesandla.

Njengoba iyunithi isebenza ngemodi ezenzakalelayo, ubushelelezi nobuthakathaka obufanayo kulindeleke kuyo kusukela kumshini othomathikhi we-othomathikhi onikwe amandla yi-torque converter (ngemininingwane yokuthi le ndlela isebenza kanjani, funda lapha). Kepha empilweni kwenzeka okuhlukile okwehlukile. Irobhothi lihlukaniswa ukuqina kwe-clutch disc uxhumano, sengathi umshayeli uvele ahlehlise isigwedlo ngemuva kokuvula ijubane. Isizathu ukuthi i-elekthronikhi ayikwazi ukushintsha umzamo "uzizwe" njengomuntu.

Irobhothi linezinkinga ezifanayo njengakwimishini yakudala, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezengeziwe zokulimala, ngokwesibonelo, amadrayivu kagesi obhasikidi noma ibhokisi uqobo.

Ukunweba impilo yokusebenza kwe-Easytronic manual transmission, umshayeli kufanele ahambisane nalezi zincomo ezilandelayo:

1. Lapho imoto ima erobhothini noma enqamula ujantshi, kufanele uhambise isigwedlo esikhetha igiya ukuya kokungathathi hlangothi, futhi ungabambi ibhuleki, njengasemshinini. Yize umshini ungeke unyakaze lapho umshini usesitobhini futhi kufakwa amabhuleki, i-clutch basket drive iyasebenza futhi ingaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu. Kwimodi yejubane elingathathi hlangothi, i-clutch disc icindezelwe iflwheel, bese kuthi i-gearbox drive shaft ayifakwanga nanoma yimaphi amagiya. Uma ubamba ibhuleki isikhathi eside, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, idrayivu ngeke isabamba idiski elayishwe entwasahlobo, futhi ngemuva kwalokho iphedi lokungqubuzana lizoqala ukuxhumana neflwwali, elizoshisa kakhulu futhi liphele.
2. Lapho upaka, akufanele ushiye imoto ngejubane, njengoba kwenza abashayeli abaningi abano-gearbox oshintshwayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kufakwe ibhuleki yokupaka negiya elingathathi hlangothi.
3. I-elekthronikhi yebhokisi ilungisa amasiginali amaningi ahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukusebenza kwama-bulb akhanyayo lapho kucindezelwa ibhuleki. Uma eyodwa yalezi zibani isha, isekethe ngeke livalwe, futhi i-unit yolawulo ingahle ingalungisi ingcindezi yama-brake pedal, ngakho-ke idrayivu kungenzeka ingavuli ukuze inqamule ibhokisi ku-flywheel.
4. Izinqubo zokunakekelwa kokudluliswa komzila akufanele zinganakwa. Lapho ushintsha uwoyela, landela izincomo zomkhiqizi zohlobo olufanele lwento yokugcoba. Kokunye ukubuyekeza sesivele sicabangele ukuthi hlobo luni lwamafutha olusetshenziswa kuma-gearbox.
5. Shintsha uketshezi lwamabhuleki kusifunda sebamba ngesikhathi esifanele. Le nqubo kufanele yenziwe ngokwesilinganiso njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-40. amamayela.
6. Uma imoto ingena esiminyaminyeni sezimoto noma ujamu, ungayisebenzisi i-othomathikhi, kepha shintshela kwimodi yokuzenzekelayo ukuze i-elektroniki ingashintshi amagiya ngokungadingekile.
7. Ungayisebenzisi imoto ukunqoba izimo ezingekho emgwaqeni, bese uyishayela ngokunemba ngangokunokwenzeka eqhweni, ngaphandle kokushelela kwesondo, ukuze amagiya angashintshi lapho imoto inejubane elingafanele.
8. Uma izitokofela zemoto, akunakwenzeka ukuthi uzame ukuphuma ogibeni ngokushwiba noma ngokushelela amasondo okushayela.
9. Insizakalo yeyunithi ngqo incike kwisitayela sokushayela esisetshenziswa ngumshayeli. Ngalesi sizathu, lokhu kudluliswa kumane nje kuyaphikiswa ngesitayela sokushayela semidlalo.

Kuyadingeka ukuqala injini bese uqala ukushayela imoto nge-isitronic ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

1. Ngokwemiyalelo yokusebenza kwemoto, kuyadingeka ukuqala injini yomlilo yangaphakathi kuphela lapho isivinini esingathathi hlangothi sivuliwe, yize isipiliyoni sikhombisa ukuthi iyunithi yamandla izoqala ngejubane elehlukile, kepha iphediyali yamabhuleki kufanele icindezelwe. Yiqiniso, akufanele ukwenze lokhu, ngoba ukwephula lesi sincomo akugcini nje ngokubeka imoto ekulayisheni okungadingekile ngesikhathi sokuqala, kodwa futhi ikhipha i-clutch.
2. Noma imoto ingathathi hlangothi, injini ngeke iqale kuze kube yilapho ukucindezela kwephuleki kucindezelekile (kulokhu, uphawu lwe-N kudeshibhodi luzokhanya).
3. Ukuqala kokunyakaza kufanele kuhambisane nesinyathelo sokudonsa amabhuleki esicindezelekile bese uhambisa isigwedlo esikhethiwe endaweni A. Ehlobo, isivinini sokuqala sivuliwe, kuthi ebusika, okwesibili, uma kunemodi ehambisanayo ebhodini uhlelo.
4. Idedelwa ibhuleki bese imoto iqala ukuhamba. Uma umshayeli engacindezeli i-brake, kodwa ngokushesha ehambisa isigwedlo kusuka kokungathathi hlangothi kuya kumodi A, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucindezele igesi kahle, njengakwimishini. Ngokuya ngesisindo semoto, injini ingama ngaphandle kokugcwaliswa kwegesi.
5. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudluliswa kusebenza ngemodi ezenzakalelayo, ngokuya ngenani lezinguquko zenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi kanye nokuma kwephasiali yegesi.
6. Ijubane elibuyela emuva lisebenza kuphela lapho imoto imiswe ngokuphelele (lokhu kusebenza nokusebenza kumakhenikha). Lapho ibhuleki icindezelwe, isigwedlo segiya siyiswa endaweni engu-R. Ibhuleki iyadedelwa bese imoto iqala ukuhamba ngejubane elincane lenjini. Ungenza le nqubo ngaphandle kokucindezela i-pedal brake, kuphela uma ushintshela ku-R, udinga ukwengeza isivinini esincane senjini.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuqala kokuhamba, noma ngabe kuyisivinini sokuqala noma esibuyele emuva, kufanele kwenziwe kuphela nge-brake pedal ecindezelekile. Kulokhu, bamba lizohlala isikhathi eside.

Izinzuzo nobubi bendawo yokuhlola

Noma yiluphi uhlelo lwemoto, noma ngabe lwasungulwa kudala kangakanani, lunezinzuzo zalo, kepha ngesikhathi esifanayo alunazo izinkinga zalo. Okufanayo kusebenza endaweni yokuhlola i-Isitronic robotic. Nazi izinzuzo zalokhu kudluliswa:

• Uma kuqhathaniswa nomshini wakudala, kubiza kancane. Isizathu ukuthi ingxenye enkulu isuselwa kumakhenikhi asevele enziwe. Idizayini ayisebenzisi isiguquli se-torque, esidinga inani elikhulu lamafutha, nendawo ethe xaxa yokufaka emotweni;
• U-gearbox omusha unikeza imoto amandla okushintsha kahle (uma uyiqhathanisa ne-othomathikhi, iphakeme kakhulu);
• Konke ngokuqhathanisa okufanayo nokudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo, leli bhokisi likhombisa umnotho ngokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli yinjini;
• Akudingi uwoyela omningi - ukunyakaza kusebenzisa ivolumu efanayo nemishini ehlobene.

Naphezu kokusebenza kwayo kahle, uhlobo lwerobhothi lunezinkinga ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

1. Ngesikhathi sokushintsha ijubane, kuzwakala amajezi, sengathi umshayeli ukhipha isigubhukane i-clutch, ethinta ukuhamba kahle ngejubane elinamandla;
2. Ngisho nokusebenza ngokucophelela, ibhokisi linomthombo omncane wokusebenza;
3. Njengoba idizayini isebenzisa i-clutch eyodwa, isikhathi esiphakathi kokushintshwa kwegiya siyathinteka (umsebenzi uhambisana nokulibaziseka);
4. Kufanele usebenzise imali eningi ekulungisweni nasekukhandweni kocingo kunezinqubo ezifanayo esimweni se-classical mechanics;
5. Njengoba i-gearshift yenzeka ngokulibaziseka, insiza yenjini ayisetshenziswa ngokusebenza okuphezulu;
6. Lapho ufaka lokhu kudluliswa kusuka enkampanini yakwa-Opel kungena emotweni, amandla enjini awasetshenziswa ngokuphelele;
7. Ngaphandle kwemodi semi-othomathikhi, umshayeli akanayo inkululeko yokusebenza lapho eshayela imoto - ibhokisi lishintsha isivinini kuphela kumodi elungiselelwe yona;
8. Awukwazi ukwenza ukulungiswa kwe-chip ngokufaka i-firmware ehlukile kwiyunithi yokulawula ukuze ushintshe izici zedivayisi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga ukuthenga enye i-ECU nge-firmware efanelekile (ngokwehlukana funda ngokuthi kungani abanye abanikazi bezimoto benza ukulungiswa kwe-chip, futhi yiziphi izici ezithintekayo kule nqubo).

Ekupheleni kokubuyekezwa kwethu, sinikeza ividiyo emfushane yokuthi ungayijwayela kanjani i-Easytronic ngemuva komshini:

Ungayishayela kanjani irobhothi ngendlela efanele Ingabe kufanele wesabe i-Easytronic? I-Opel ilishayela kanjani irobhothi. Ezemidlalo ze-Easytronic