Idivayisi nenqubo yokusebenza kwe-gearbox synchronizer

I-gearbox synchronizer iyindlela eklanyelwe ukulinganisa ijubane le-gearbox shaft negiya. Namuhla cishe konke ukudluliswa kwemishini nokwerobhothi kuvumelanisiwe, i.e. ifakwe le divayisi. Le nto ebalulekile ku-gearbox yenza ukuhamba kushelele futhi kusheshe. Kule ndatshana sizofunda ukuthi yini i-synchronizer, yenzelwe ini nokuthi iyini insiza yokusebenza kwayo; sizophinda siqonde ukwakheka kwendlela futhi sijwayelane nomgomo wokusebenza kwayo.

Inhloso yokuvumelanisa

Onke amagiya amabhokisi wamanje wamagiya ezimoto zabagibeli, kufaka phakathi igiya elihlehlayo, anama-synchronizer. Inhloso yayo imi kanjena: ukuqinisekisa ukuqondaniswa kwejubane le-shaft negiya, okuyisidingo sokushintshwa kwamagiya angathusi.

I-synchronizer ayigcini nje ngokuqinisekisa ushintsho lwamagiya abushelelezi, kodwa futhi iyasiza ukunciphisa amazinga omsindo. Ngenxa yesici, izinga lokugqoka ngokomzimba kwezingxenye zemishini ka-gearbox liyancipha, nalo, elithinta impilo yenkonzo yalo lonke u-gearbox.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-synchronizer yenze lula isimiso sokushintsha kwamagiya, okwenza kube lula ngomshayeli. Ngaphambi kokufika kwalo mshini, ukuhanjiswa kwegiya kwenzeka ngosizo lokucindezela kabili kwe-clutch nokudluliswa kwe-gearbox kungathathi hlangothi.

Idizayini yokuvumelanisa

I-synchronizer iqukethe izinto ezilandelayo:

• ihabhu elinezimvuthu zesinkwa;
• ukufakwa bamba;
• ukukhiya izindandatho;
• igiya elinesigaxa sokungqubuzana.

Isisekelo somhlangano siyisikhungo esinama-splines angaphakathi nangaphandle. Ngosizo lokuqala, lixhuma ku-gearbox shaft, lihamba ngayo ngezindlela ezihlukile. Ngosizo lwama-splines angaphandle, ihabhu lixhunywe ekuxhumaneni.

Ihabhu linezikhala ezintathu ngamadigri ayi-120 komunye nomunye. Ama-groove aqukethe ama-crackers alayishwe entwasahlobo, okusiza ukulungisa i-clutch endaweni engathathi hlangothi, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi lapho i-synchronizer ingasebenzi.

I-clutch isetshenziselwa ukunikeza ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwe-gearbox shaft negiya. Itholakala kuhabhu, futhi ngaphandle ixhunywe kwimfoloko yokudlulisela. Indandatho yokukhiya i-synchronizer iyadingeka ukuvumelanisa ijubane usebenzisa amandla wokuphikisana, ivimbela i-clutch ekuvaleni kuze kube yilapho ishaft negiya kunejubane elifanayo.

Ingxenye yangaphakathi yendandatho imiswe okwenziwe ngesigaxa. Ukukhulisa indawo oxhumana nayo nokunciphisa umzamo lapho kushintshwa amagiya, kusetshenziswa izivumelanisi zama-cone amaningi. Ngaphezu kokuvumelanisa okukodwa, ama-synchronizers amabili nawo ayasetshenziswa.

I-synchronizer ephindwe kabili, ngaphezu kweringi efakwe kwi-gear, ifaka iringi yangaphakathi nendandatho engaphandle. Ubuso obugundiwe begiya abusasetshenziswa lapha, futhi ukuvumelanisa kwenzeka ngokusetshenziswa kwamasongo.

Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-synchronizer yebhokisi legiya

Esimweni esivaliwe, i-clutch ithatha indawo ephakathi nendawo, futhi amagiya azungeza ngokukhululekile kushaft. Kulokhu, ukudluliswa kwe-torque akwenzeki. In inqubo yokukhetha igiya, imfoloko ihambisa i-clutch iye egiyeni, futhi i-clutch, yona, iphusha iringi yokukhiya. Iringi icindezelwe ngokumelene nesigaxa se-pinion futhi ijikeleze, okwenza ukuqhubeka kwe-clutch kungenzeki.

Ngaphansi kwethonya lamandla okushayisana, isivinini segiya neshaft siyavumelaniswa. Bamba uhamba ngokukhululekile futhi rigidly uxhuma igiya futhi shaft gearbox. Ukudluliswa kwe-torque kuqala futhi imoto ihamba ngejubane elikhethiwe.

Ngaphandle kwesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi se-node, i-algorithm yokuvumelanisa ihlala izingxenyana ezimbalwa zesekhondi.

Insiza yokuvumelanisa

Uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle okuhambisana nokushintshwa kwamagiya, okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhipha izinkinga nge-clutch bese ubheka ukuvumelanisa kuphela.

Ungazimela ngokuzimela ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-node ngalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

1. Umsindo wokudlulisa. Lokhu kungakhombisa indandatho yokukhiya egobile noma isigaxa esigugile.
2. Ukuvalwa okuzenzakalelayo kwamagiya. Le nkinga ingahlotshaniswa ne-clutch, noma neqiniso lokuthi igiya selisindile kumthombo walo.
3. Ukufakwa okunzima kokudluliswa. Lokhu kukhombisa ngqo ukuthi isivumelanisi asisasebenziseki.

Ukulungiswa kwe-synchronizer kuyinqubo ekhandlekayo kakhulu. Kungcono ukufaka esikhundleni esisha indlela egugile.

Ukugcinwa kwale mithetho elandelayo kuzosiza ukunweba impilo yensiza yokuvumelanisa nebhokisi lamagiya lilonke:

1. Gwema isitayela sokushayela esinolaka, ukuqala ngokungazelelwe.
2. Khetha ijubane elifanele negiya.
3. Ngesikhathi esifanele yenza ukugcinwa kwendawo yokuhlola.
4. Shintsha ngesikhathi uwoyela ohloselwe lolu hlobo lwe-gearbox.
5. Khipha ngokuphelele i-clutch ngaphambi kokushintsha amagiya.