Isebenza kanjani ibamba yemoto?

Wake wazibuza ukuthi kwenzakalani emotweni uma ucindezela i-clutch pedal? Abashayeli abanolwazi olunzulu bajwayelene nale divayisi, ngakho-ke ukubuyekeza kwethu kuzoba wusizo kubaqalayo.

Ake sibheke imininingwane ethe xaxa mayelana nendima edlalwa yi-clutch ekusebenzeni kahle kwemoto, nokuthi lo mshini usebenza kanjani.

Yini i-clutch futhi iyini indima yayo?

I-clutch yingxenye ebalulekile yedivayisi yemoto, umsebenzi wayo ukuxhuma (ukunqamula) injini ku-gearbox. Ngamanye amagama, wuhlobo lwedivayisi yokulungisa eyenzelwe ukunikeza ukukhishwa kwenjini okwesikhashana kusuka ekuyidluliseni phakathi nezinguquko zamagiya.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inikeza ukudluliswa kwe-torque futhi ivikele ukuhanjiswa emonakalisweni odalwe ukugcwala ngokweqile, ukudlidliza, njll.

Kungani imishini idingeka?

Cabanga ushayela imoto enenjini exhunywe ngqo ku-gearbox. Kulokhu, injini ngeke ukwazi ukuqala, ngoba ukuziqalela uzophendula crankshaft, kodwa futhi amasondo. Lapho, ngenkathi ushayela, umshayeli ethatha isinqumo sokumisa imoto, kuzofanele ayicishe ngokuphelele injini. Uma ushayela ngaphandle kwe-clutch, injini yemoto yakho izobhekana nengcindezi enkulu futhi ngeke ihlale nje ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Ukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki, izimoto zifakwe i-clutch evumela ukuthi i-flywheel yenjini ikwazi ukuxhuma kahle futhi inqamule kushibhi lokufaka u-gearbox ngenkathi imoto ihamba. Ngakho-ke, i-clutch iyisici esiyinhloko esenza sikwazi ukushintsha amagiya ngaphandle kwezinkinga nemiphumela engemihle yenjini.

Izingxenye Main bamba

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi lo mshini usebenza kanjani, udinga ukuthi ube nombono wokuthi i-clutch kit ifaka ini. Izingxenye eziyinhloko yilezi:

• idrayivu eqhutshwa;
• flywheel;
• izingcindezi zokucindezela;
• ukukhishwa kokukhishwa;
• umzimba.

Idiski eqhutshwa

Le disc itholakala phakathi kwe-flywheel kanye nengcindezi yengcindezi. Inezinto zokushayisana ezinhlangothini zombili (ezifana nezinto zokubopha amabhuleki).

Lapho i-clutch isebenza, iboshwe ngokuqinile futhi i-torque idluliselwa ngamandla okuqophisana. Idrayivu shaft yebhokisi ifakwa kuyo, lapho i-torque idluliselwa khona.

Flywheel

I-flywheel ifakwe ogwadule lwenjini futhi isebenza njenge-disc enkulu. Imvamisa iba ngamabili futhi inezingxenye ezimbili ezixhunywe yimithombo.

Ingcindezi yengcindezi

Umsebenzi wale ngxenye ukudala ingcindezi kudiski eqhutshwayo. Ezimotweni ezindala, lokhu kucindezela kwenziwa yiziphethu zamakhoyili, kanti kumamodeli anamuhla, ukucindezela kukhiqizwa i-diaphragm spring.

Ukukhulula okuphethe

Umsebenzi walokhu kuthwala ukukhulula umthwalo entwasahlobo usebenzisa ikhebula noma isilawuli se-hydraulic ukuze ukudluliswa kwetorque kuphazamiseke.

Izindlu

Zonke izinto zokuxhuma zihlanganiswe ndawonye endlini eyodwa noma okuthiwa "ibhasikidi". Izindlu zixhunywe ku-flywheel njengokujwayelekile.

Isebenza kanjani ibamba yemoto?

Lapho imoto ihamba, i-clutch ihlala isebenza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ipuleti lengcindezi linengcindezi engapheli kwidrayivu yedrayivu. Njengoba le disc inanyathiselwe ku-flywheel, nayo exhunywe ku-crankshaft yenjini, ijikeleza ngayo ukudlulisa i-torque isuke enjini yemoto iye ku-gearbox.

Lapho nje i-clutch pedal icindezelekile, amandla adluliselwa endaweni yokukhipha, nayo ehlukanisa ipuleti lengcindezi kusuka kupuleti lokushayela. Ngakho-ke, i-torque ayisanikezwa ekudluliseni futhi igiya lingashintshwa.

Ngemuva kokushintsha ijubane, i-clutch pedal imane ikhishwe (iphakama), ipuleti lengcindezi libuyela endaweni yalo, bese bamba bamba futhi.

Izinhlobo zezindlela

Yize zonke lezi zinqubo zinesimiso esifanayo sokwenza, zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amaningi:

• kuya ngohlobo lwe-drive;
• ngohlobo lokushayisana;
• ngenombolo yamadiski;
• ngendlela yokubandakanya.

Kuya ngohlobo lwe-drive

Ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-drive, imvuthu ihlukaniswe yaba:

• i-mechanical;
• umfutholuketshezi;
• kagesi.

Imishini

Izindunduma zemishini njengamanje zivame kakhulu ezimotweni. Lolu hlobo lwe-clutch luqukethe idiski elilodwa, ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezishaywayo ezicindezelwe phakathi kwekhoyili noma iziphethu ze-diaphragm. Iningi lama-clutch omile lome futhi lisebenza ngokucindezela i-clutch pedal.

Umfutholuketshezi

Lolu hlobo lwe-clutch lusebenzisa uketshezi wokubacindezela ukudlulisa i-torque. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Hydraulic akunakho ukuxhumana komshini phakathi kwedrayivu nengxenye yedrayivu.

Amandla

Umehluko phakathi kwe-clutch kagesi neyemishini ubukhona bemoto kagesi ku-clutch. Le njini iyasebenza uma i-clutch pedal icindezelekile. Imoto ihambisa ikhebula, ihambise ukukhishwa kokukhishwa futhi ikhulule i-disc yokuxubana ukuze kwenziwe izinguquko zamagiya.

Ngohlobo lokushayisana

Ngokwalo mbandela, izixhumi zihlukaniswe "zomile" futhi "zimanzi". Umsebenzi wezintambo "ezomile" usekelwe kumandla wokuqubuka aqhamuka ekusebenzisaneni kwezindawo ezomile: main, compression, drive discs, njll. Ukuqubuka kwepuleti elilodwa "elomile" kuvame kakhulu ezimotweni ezinokuhanjiswa ngesandla.

Ezikhumulweni "ezimanzi", izindawo ezingqubuzanayo zifakwa emafutheni. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-clutches owomile, lolu hlobo lunikeza ukuthintana okushelelayo phakathi kwama-disc, ibhlokhi selipholile kahle ngokusakazwa kuketshezi, futhi i-clutch ingadlulisela i-torque ethe xaxa ekudlulisweni.

Ngenombolo yamadiski

Ngokuya ngalo mbandela, izixhumi zingahlukaniswa zibe yidiski elilodwa, idiski ephindwe kabili nediski eningi. Ama-clutch clutch asetshenziswa ikakhulu ezimotweni zabagibeli, imigoqo yamapuleti amabili ihloselwe ukusetshenziswa emalolini nasemabhasini amakhulu, futhi kusetshenziswa izigaxa zamapuleti amaningi.

Ngendlela yokubandakanya

Intwasahlobo ilayishiwe

Lolu hlobo lwebamba lisebenzisa ikhoyili noma iziphethu ze-diaphragm ukufaka ingcindezi kupuleti lokucindezela ukwenza kusebenze i-clutch.

I-Centrifugal

Njengoba igama labo liphakamisa, lolu hlobo lwendlela lusebenzisa amandla we-centrifugal ukusebenzisa i-clutch. Azinayo i-pedal futhi i-clutch iyasebenza ngokuzenzakalela ngokuya ngejubane lenjini.

Izinhlobo zesixhumi seCentrifugal zisebenzisa isisindo esiqondiswe kulokho okuzilolayo. Njengoba isivinini senjini sikhuphuka, amandla e-centrifugal enza kusebenze isigwedlo se-crankshaft, esidudula ngokumelene nengcindezi yengcindezi, sidale i-clutch. Lolu hlobo lwebamba asisetshenziswa ezimotweni.

I-semi-centrifugal

Njengoba ama-centrifuge asebenza kahle kuphela lapho injini isebenza ngejubane eliphakeme futhi ingasebenzi ngejubane eliphansi, kunesidingo samabhande asezingeni eliphakathi elisebenzisa zombili amandla e-centrifugal nasentwasahlobo.

Ngakho-ke, lapho isivinini sijwayelekile, i-torque idluliswa ngamandla entwasahlobo, futhi lapho iphakeme, idluliselwa ngamandla we-centrifugal. Lolu hlobo lwe-clutch nalo alusetshenziswa ezimotweni.

Ugesi

Ngalolu hlobo lwesixhumi, idiski yedrayivu inamathiselwe kwikhoyili ye-solenoid. Lapho kufakwa ugesi kuleli khoyili, lisebenza njengezibuthe futhi liheha i-disc ekhululayo.

Ngisiphi isikhathi sokunaka ibamba?

Ama-clutches, njengazo zonke ezinye izindlela, athwalwa kanzima futhi anempilo ethile yokusebenza, ehluka kusuka kumakhilomitha angama-30 kuya ku-000, kuya ngohlobo nemodeli yemoto nendlela yokushayela.

Unalokhu engqondweni, uma sebefinyelele umkhawulo wabo we-mileage, kuvela izinkinga ezibonisa ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha i-clutch.

Isici somshini ukuthi ngaphambi kokuba iyeke ukwenza imisebenzi yayo ngempumelelo, i-clutch “iyaxwayisa” ukuthi ayisebenzi kahle. Uma wazi izimpawu eziyinhloko, ungaphendula ngesikhathi esifanele ukugwema izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu.

Izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi i-clutch idinga ukushintshwa

Ingcindezi ethambile

Uma i-clutch isebenza kahle, kufanele uzwe ukumelana okuncane uma ucindezela iphedali. Uma uyeka ukuzwa lokhu kumelana futhi uma ucindezela phansi iphedali lishona njengesitsha samafutha, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuqala sokuthi i-clutch isiseduze nokuphela kwempilo yayo.

Umphumela we-Slippage

Uzosibona kahle lesi sibonakaliso uma uzama ukushintsha amagiya ngenkathi ukhuphuka noma udlula. "I-slippage" uqobo lwayo lwenzeka ngoba i-clutch ayikwazi ukubandakanya noma ukukhipha ngokuphelele i-disc yokuxubana lapho ucindezela noma ukhulula i-clutch pedal. Lolu phawu lukhombisa ukuthi lo mshini udinga ukunakwa nokushintshwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ikhiqiza imisindo noma iphunga elingajwayelekile

Uma ucindezela i-clutch pedal bese uzwa umsindo wokuxubha izingxenye zensimbi, u-99,9% wesikhathi kusho ukuthi ezinye zezinto zokubamba zigugile. Kanye nemisindo yensimbi eklwebha insimbi, ungahogela nephunga elingemnandi, nokuyizinkomba ezengeziwe zokuthi i-clutch isiseduze nokuphela kwempilo yayo.

Kudlidlizela ngamandla

Uma uzwa ukudlidlizela okungajwayelekile lapho uzama ukususa amagiya nokucindezela i-pedal, lokhu kungesinye isibonakaliso se-clutch egugile. Ukudlidlizela kungabangelwa i-clutch disc elahlekelwa isikhathi eside nge-flywheel.

Ukunweba impilo yokusebenza kwe-clutch, udinga ukunciphisa ukulayishwa kwayo, unakekele ukugcinwa kwayo (ngemininingwane yokuthi ungayandisa kanjani impilo ye-clutch, bheka lapha). Qiniseka ukuthi uphinde uyishintshe uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezibalulwe ngenhla.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Kwenzekani uma i-clutch icindezelwa? Lapho i-clutch pedal icindezelwa, ama-disc akubhasikidi asabalaliswa nge-drive (ikhebula noma kwamanye ama-auto hydraulics), futhi i-torque evela ku-flywheel ayidluliswanga ku-gearbox.

I-clutch isebenza kanjani ngamagama alula? I-pedal iyacindezelwa - ama-disc kubhasikidi awacaciswanga - igiya olifunayo liyavulwa - i-pedal iyakhululwa - i-disc driven icindezelwe ngokuqinile ku-flywheel - i-thrust iya ku-gearbox.