Isebenza Kanjani iMPI Multiport Fuel Injection System

Alukho uhlelo emotweni olungadingeki. Kepha uma siwahlukanisa ngemibandela yaba emikhulu neyesibili, isigaba sokuqala sizofaka phakathi uphethiloli, ukuthungela, ukupholisa, izinto zokuthambisa. Injini ngayinye yomlilo yangaphakathi izoba nokuguqulwa okukodwa noma okunye kwezinhlelo ezifakwe kuhlu.

Kuyiqiniso, uma sikhuluma ngesistimu yokuthungela (mayelana nokwakheka kwayo nokuthi inesimiso esinjani sokusebenza, iyatshelwa lapha), khona-ke itholwa kuphela ngophethiloli noma i-analogue ekwazi ukusebenzisa igesi. Injini kadizili ayinalo lolu hlelo, kepha ukushisa ingxube yomoya / kaphethiloli kuyafana. I-ECU inquma isikhathi lapho le nqubo idinga ukwenziwa isebenze khona. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi esikhundleni senhlansi, ingxenye kaphethiloli ifakwa kwisilinda. Kusukela ekushiseni okuphezulu komoya okucindezelwe kakhulu ku-cylinder, uphethiloli kadizili uqala ukushisa.

Uhlelo lukaphethiloli lungaba nomjovo womabili (i-point method of petrol spraying) kanye nomjovo osatshalaliswayo. Imininingwane ngomehluko phakathi kwalezi zinguquko kanye nokunye okufana nomjovo kuchazwa ngokubuyekezwa okuhlukile... Manje sizogxila kokunye okuthuthuka okuvame kakhulu, okutholwa hhayi kuphela ngezimoto zesabelomali, kepha futhi nangamamodeli amaningi wesigaba se-premium, kanye nezimoto zemidlalo ezisebenzisa uphethiloli (injini yedizili isebenzisa umjovo oqondile kuphela).

Le yinjovo yamaphoyinti amaningi noma uhlelo lwe-MPI. Sizoxoxa ngedivayisi yalokhu kuguqulwa, uyini umehluko phakathi kwayo nomjovo oqondile, nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo nezinkinga zayo.

Isisekelo esiyisisekelo sohlelo lwe-MPI

Ngaphambi kokuqonda amatemu kanye nenqubo yokusebenza, kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi uhlelo lwe-MPI lufakwe kuphela ku-injector. Ngakho-ke, labo abacabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi bathuthukise i-carburetor ICE yabo kufanele bacabangele ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokushuna kwegaraji.

Emakethe yaseYurophu, amamodeli ezimoto anezimpawu ze-MPI ku-powertrain akuvamile. Lesi yisifinyezo se-multi-point-injection noma i-multi-point fuel injection.

Isijobelelo sokuqala sithathe indawo ye-carburetor, ngenxa yokuthi ukulawula ukunothiswa kwenhlanganisela kaphethiloli womoya kanye nekhwalithi yokugcwalisa amasilinda akusenziwa ngamadivayisi wemishini, kepha kwenziwa nge-elekthronikhi. Ukwethulwa kwemishini ye-elekthronikhi kungenxa yokuthi imishini yokwenza izinto inemikhawulo ethile maqondana nezinhlelo zokuhlenga kahle.

I-elekthronikhi ibhekana nalomsebenzi kahle kakhulu. Futhi, insizakalo yezimoto ezinjalo ayijwayelekile kangako, futhi ezimweni eziningi kwehla ukuxilongwa kwamakhompyutha nokusetha kabusha amaphutha atholakele (le nqubo ichazwe ngokuningiliziwe lapha).

Manje ake sibheke umgomo wokusebenza, ngokusho ukuthi uphethiloli ufuthwa kanjani ukuze wakhe i-VTS. Ngokungafani ne-mono injection (okucatshangelwa ukuguqulwa kwe-carburetor ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo), uhlelo olusatshalaliswa lufakwe ngombhobho ngamunye wesilinda ngasinye. Namuhla, elinye icebo elisebenza ngempumelelo liqhathaniswa nalo - umjovo oqondile wezinjini zangaphakathi zomlilo zikaphethiloli (ayikho enye indlela ngamayunithi kadizili - kuwo uphethiloli udiziliwa ngqo kwisilinda ekugcineni kwesifo sokucindezelwa).

Ukuze isebenzise uhlelo lukaphethiloli, iyunithi yokulawula elekthronikhi iqoqa idatha kusuka kuzinzwa eziningi (inombolo yazo incike ohlotsheni lwemoto). Inzwa eyisihluthulelo, ngaphandle kwayo okungekho moto yesimanje ezosebenza, inzwa yesikhundla se-crankshaft (ichazwa ngokuningiliziwe kokunye ukubuyekeza).

Kuhlelo olunjalo, uphethiloli unikezwa kumjovo ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Ukufafaza kwenzeka ezinhlotsheni eziningi zokungenisa (ngemininingwane ohlelweni lokudla, funda lapha) njengoba kunjalo nge-carburetor. Ukusatshalaliswa nokuxutshwa kukaphethiloli nomoya kwenzeka kuphela eduze kakhulu kwamaphayiphu wendlela yokuhambisa igesi.

Lapho inzwa ethile ihluleka, i-algorithm ethile yemodi yezimo eziphuthumayo iyenziwa isebenze kuphiko lokulawula (okuyinto encike kunzwa ephukile). Ngasikhathi sinye, umyalezo we-Check Engine noma isithonjana senjini sikhanya kudeshibhodi yemoto.

Idizayini yohlelo lokujova iMultipoint

Ukusebenza komjovo we-multiport multipoint kuxhumeke ngokungenakuhlukaniswa nokuhlinzekwa komoya, njengakwezinye izinhlelo zikafutha. Isizathu ukuthi uphethiloli uxubana nomoya osemgodini wokungenisa, futhi ukuze ungahlali ezindongeni zamapayipi, i-elekthronikhi ibheka indawo ye-valve mpintsha, futhi ngokuya ngezinga lokugeleza, umjovo uzojova inani elithile likaphethiloli.

Umdwebo wohlelo lwamafutha weMPI uzoba nalokhu:

• Umzimba mpintsha;
• Uphethiloli wesitimela (umugqa owenza ukuthi kube lula ukusabalalisa uphethiloli kubajova);
• Ama-injectors (inani lawo lifana nenani lamasilinda ekwakhiweni kwenjini);
• Inzwa I-DMRV;
• Isilawuli sokucindezela uphethiloli.

Zonke izingxenye zisebenza ngokulandela uhlelo olulandelayo. Lapho kuvuleka i-valve yokungenisa, ipiston yenza ukushaywa unhlangothi (iya esikhungweni esingaphansi esifile). Ngenxa yalokhu, i-vacuum idalwe emgodini we-cylinder, futhi umoya uyamunzwa kusuka kokuphindwayo okuningi. Ukugeleza kudlula kusihlungi, futhi kudlule futhi eduze kwenzwa yokugeleza komoya ngobuningi nangomgogodla wokumpintsha (ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngomsebenzi wayo, bona kwesinye isihloko).

Ukuze isekethe lemoto lisebenze, uphethiloli ufakwa ekugelezeni ngokufana nale nqubo. Umbhobho wakhelwe ngendlela yokuthi ingxenye ifuthwe enkungwini, eqinisekisa ukulungiswa okuhle kakhulu kwe-BTC. Ukuthi ukuxubana kukaphethiloli nomoya kube ngcono, amandla omlilo asebenza kangcono, kanye nengcindezi encane ohlelweni lokukhipha, into esemqoka okuyi-catalytic converter (yokuthi kungani zonke izimoto zesimanje zifakwe, funda lapha).

Lapho amaconsi amancane kaphethiloli engena endaweni eshisayo, ayahwamuka kakhulu futhi ahlangana kahle nomoya. Imiphunga iyasha ngokushesha okukhulu, okusho ukuthi umusi uqukethe izinto ezinobuthi obuncane.

Yonke imijovo iqhutshwa ngogesi. Zixhunywe kulayini lapho kufakwa khona uphethiloli ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu. I-ramp kulolu hlelo iyadingeka ukuze inani elithile likaphethiloli liqoqane emgodini walo. Ngenxa yale margin, kunikezwa isenzo esihlukile semibhobho, esukela kokungaguquguquki nokuphela ngongqimba oluningi. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwemoto, onjiniyela bangasebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokulethwa kukaphethiloli kumjikelezo ngamunye wokusebenza kwenjini.

Ukuze ekusebenzeni njalo kwepompo kaphethiloli, ingcindezi kulayini ayidluli ipharamitha ephezulu evumelekile, kunesilawuli sengcindezi kudivayisi yeremp. Isebenza kanjani, nokuthi iziphi izinto eziqukethe, funda ngokwehlukana... Uphethiloli oweqile ukhishwa kulayini wokubuyela ethangini legesi. Isimiso esifanayo sokusebenza sinohlelo lwe-CommonRail fuel, olufakwe kumayunithi amaningi wamanje kadizili (ichazwa ngokuningiliziwe lapha).

Uphethiloli ungena kujantshi ngepompo kaphethiloli, bese ufikelwa khona ngesihlungi esivela ethangini legesi. Uhlobo lomjovo olusatshalaliswa lunento ebalulekile. I-atomizer yombhobho ifakwe eceleni ngangokunokwenzeka kuma-valve wokungena.

Ayikho imoto ezosebenza ngaphandle komlawuli we-XX. Lesi sici sifakwe ebangeni le-valve mpintsha. Kumamodeli wezimoto ahlukahlukene, ukwakheka kwale divayisi kungahluka. Ngokuyinhloko i-clutch encane enenjini kagesi. Ixhunywe ngokudlula kohlelo lokungenisa. Lapho i-throttle ivaliwe, kufanele kuhlinzekwe umoya omncane ukuvimbela injini ekumisweni. I-microcircuit yeyunithi yokulawula iyalungiswa ukuze i-elekthronikhi ikwazi ukulawula ngokuzimela ijubane lenjini, ngokuya ngesimo. Iyunithi ebandayo nefudumele idinga isilinganiso sayo somxube we-air-fuel, ngakho-ke i-elektroniki ilungisa i-rpm XX ehlukile.

Njengomshini owengeziwe, inzwa yokusebenzisa uphethiloli ifakiwe ezimotweni eziningi. Lesi sici sithumela imizwa ekhompyutheni yohambo (ngokwesilinganiso, kunezimpawu ezinjalo ezingaba izinkulungwane eziyi-16 ngelitha ngalinye). Lolu lwazi alunembile ngangokunokwenzeka, njengoba lubonakala ngesisekelo sokulungisa isikhathi sokuvama nokuphendula kwabafafazayo. Ukunxephezela iphutha lokubala, isoftware isebenzisa isici sokulinganisa esinamandla. Ngenxa yale datha, isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli siboniswa esikrinini sekhompyutha ebhodini emotweni, futhi kwezinye izinhlobo kunqunywa ukuthi imoto izohamba malini kwimodi yamanje. Le datha isiza umshayeli ukuhlela izikhathi phakathi kokufaka uphethiloli emotweni.

Olunye uhlelo oluhlanganiswe nokusebenza kwe-injector yi-adsorber. Funda kabanzi ngakho ngokwehlukana... Ngamafuphi, ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine ingcindezi ethangini legesi ezingeni lomkhathi, futhi imiphunga kaphethiloli ishiswa kumasilinda ngesikhathi sokusebenza kweyunithi yamandla.

Izindlela zokusebenza ze-MPI

Umjovo osatshalalisiwe ungasebenza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Konke kuncike kwisoftware efakwe ku-microprocessor yeyunithi yokulawula, kanye nasekuguqulweni kwama-injectors. Uhlobo ngalunye lokufafaza uphethiloli lunezici zalo zomsebenzi. Ngamafuphi, umsebenzi walowo nalowo kubo ubhekisa kokulandelayo:

• Imodi yokujova kanyekanye. Lolu hlobo lwe-injector alusetshenziswanga isikhathi eside. Isimiso simi kanje. I-microprocessor ihlelwe ukuthi ifafaze uphethiloli ngasikhathi sinye kuwo wonke amasilinda ngasikhathi sinye. Uhlelo lumisiwe ukuze ekuqaleni kokudlikiza kokudla kwelinye lamasilinda, umjovo uzofaka uphethiloli kuwo wonke amapayipi anezinhlobo zokudla. Okubi kwalolu hlelo ukuthi i-4-stroke motor izosebenza kusukela kulandelana ngokulandelana kwamasilinda. Lapho ipiston eyodwa iqeda ukushaywa unyawo, inqubo ehlukile (ukucindezelwa, isifo sohlangothi nokukhishwa) isebenza kokunye, ngakho-ke uphethiloli uyadingeka kuphela kubhayela owodwa kuwo wonke umjikelezo wenjini. Ingxenye kaphethiloli yayivele isezinhlakalweni eziningi zokudla kuze kuvulwe i-valve ehambisanayo. Uhlelo olunjalo lusetshenziswe kuma-70s naku-80s wekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ngalezo zinsuku, uphethiloli wawushibhile, ngakho-ke bambalwa kakhulu abantu ababezihlupha ngokusetshenziswa kwawo ngokweqile. Futhi, ngenxa yokucebisa ngokweqile, ingxube ibingashisi kahle njalo, ngakho-ke inani elikhulu lezinto eziyingozi likhishwe emkhathini.
• Imodi yokubhangqa. Kulokhu, onjiniyela banciphise ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngokunciphisa inani lamasilinda athola ingxenye eyodwa edingekayo kaphethiloli. Ngenxa yalokhu kuthuthukiswa, kwavela ukunciphisa ukukhishwa okuyingozi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwephethiloli.
• Imodi elandelanayo noma ukusatshalaliswa kukaphethiloli ngezigaba zesikhathi. Ezimotweni zesimanje ezithola uhlobo lokusabalalisa lohlelo lwamafutha, lolu hlelo luyasetshenziswa. Kulokhu, iyunithi yokulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi izolawula i-injector ngayinye ngokwehlukana. Ukuze inqubo yomlilo ye-BTC isebenze kahle ngangokunokwenzeka, i-elekthronikhi inikeza ukuthuthuka okuncane komjovo ngaphambi kokuba kuvulwe i-valve yokudla. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhlanganisela eyenziwe ngomumo yomoya nophethiloli ingena kwisilinda. Ukufafaza kwenziwa ngombhobho owodwa ngomjikelezo ophelele wemoto. Enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi yamasilinda amane, uhlelo lukaphethiloli lusebenza ngokufana nohlelo lokuthungela, imvamisa ngokulandelana kwe-1/3/4/2.

Uhlelo lokugcina luzimise njengomnotho ohloniphekile, kanye nobungani obuphezulu bezemvelo. Ngalesi sizathu, kwenziwa izinguquko ezahlukahlukene ukuze kuthuthukiswe umjovo kaphethiloli, osuselwa kumgomo wokusebenza wokusatshalaliswa kwezigaba.

UBosch ungumkhiqizi oholayo wezinhlelo zokujova uphethiloli. Uhla lomkhiqizo lufaka izinhlobo ezintathu zezimoto:

1. K-I-Jetronic... Kuyindlela yemishini ehambisa uphethiloli emibhobho yemifutho. Kusebenza ngokuqhubekayo. Ezimotweni ezikhiqizwa ukukhathazeka kwe-BMW, ​​lawo ma-motors ayenegama elifingqiwe elithi MFI.
2. KE-I-Jetronic... Lolu hlelo ukuguqulwa kwangaphambilini, inqubo kuphela ilawulwa ngogesi.
3. L-I-Jetronic... Lokhu kuguqulwa kufakwe ama-mdp-injectors anikezela ngophethiloli we-impulse ekucindezelweni okuthile. Okucacile kwalokhu kuguqulwa ukuthi ukusebenza kombhobho ngamunye kulungiswa ngokuya ngezilungiselelo ezifakwe ku-ECU.

Ukuhlolwa komjovo we-Multipoint

Ukwephulwa kohlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli kwenzeka ngenxa yokwehluleka kwesinye sezici. Nazi izimpawu ezingasetshenziswa ukubona ukungasebenzi kahle kohlelo lokujova:

1. Injini iqala ngobunzima obukhulu. Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, injini ngeke iqale nhlobo.
2. Ukusebenza okungazinzile kweyunithi yamandla, ikakhulukazi kokungenzi lutho.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi "zimpawu" azisho ngqo kumjovo. Izinkinga ezifanayo zenzeka uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle ngohlelo lokushisa. Imvamisa, ukuxilongwa kwamakhompyutha kuyasiza ezimweni ezinjalo. Le nqubo ikuvumela ukuthi ukhombe masinyane umthombo wokungasebenzi kahle okwenza ukuthi umjovo we-multipoint ungasebenzi.

Ezimweni eziningi, uchwepheshe umane asule amaphutha avimbela iyunithi yokulawula ekulungiseni kahle ukusebenza kweyunithi yamandla. Uma ukuxilongwa kwamakhompiyutha kubonise ukuwohloka noma ukusebenza okungalungile kwezinqubo zokufafaza, ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukucinga into ehlulekile, kuyadingeka ukuqeda ukucindezela okuphezulu kulayini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukunqamula ukuphela okungalungile kwebhethri, futhi ukhulule i-nut yokuqinisa emgqeni.

Kukhona enye indlela yokwehlisa ikhanda kulayini. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-fuse yepompo kaphethiloli inqanyuliwe. Bese kuthi imoto iqale igijime ize iyokuma. Kulokhu, iyunithi uqobo luzosebenzela ukucindezela kukaphethiloli esitimeleni. Ekupheleni kwenqubo, i-fuse ifakiwe endaweni yayo.

Uhlelo ngokwalo luhlolwe ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

1. Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kwentambo kagesi kuyenziwa - akukho namachibi koxhumana nabo noma ukulimala ekwehlukanisweni kwekhebula. Ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle okunjalo, amandla kungenzeka anganikezwa kuma-actuator, futhi uhlelo luyeka ukusebenza noma lungazinzi.
2. Isimo sesihlungi somoya sidlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kohlelo lwamafutha, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuwuhlola.
3. Ama-plugs ama-Spark ayahlolwa. Ngomsizi kuma-electrode abo, ungabona izinkinga ezifihliwe (funda kabanzi ngalokhu ngokwehlukana) izinhlelo lapho ukusebenza kweyunithi yamandla kuncike khona.
4. Ukuminyaniswa kumasilinda kuhlolwe. Noma ngabe uhlelo lukaphethiloli luhle, injini ngeke ibe namandla kangako ekucindezelweni okuphansi. Ukuthi leli pharamitha lihlolwe kanjani ukubuyekeza okuhlukile.
5. Ngokufana nokuxilongwa kwemoto, kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuthungela, okungukuthi, ukuthi i-UOZ isethwe kahle.

Ngemuva kokuthi izinkinga zomjovo zisusiwe, udinga ukuyilungisa. Le yindlela eyenziwa ngayo inqubo.

Ukulungiswa komjovo we-Multipoint

Ngaphambi kokubheka umgomo wokulungiswa komjovo, kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi ukuguqulwa ngakunye kwemoto kunobuhlakani bayo bomsebenzi. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lungalungiswa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Ngale ndlela inqubo yenziwa ngokuguqulwa okuvame kakhulu.

IBosch L3.1, MP3.1

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokusetha uhlelo olunjalo, udinga:

1. Hlola isimo sokushisa. Uma kunesidingo, izingxenye ezigugile zishintshwa ngezintsha;
2. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-throttle isebenza kahle;
3. Isihlungi somoya esihlanzekile sifakiwe;
4. Imoto iyafudumala (kuze kube yilapho fan evula).

Okokuqala, ijubane lokungenzi lutho liyalungiswa. Ngenxa yalokhu, kukhona isikulufa esikhethekile sokulungisa impintsha. Uma uyiguqula ngokwewashi (twist), khona-ke inkomba yejubane XX izokwehla. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izokwanda.

Ngokuya ngezincomo zomkhiqizi, uhlelo lokuhlaziya ikhwalithi lufakiwe ohlelweni. Okulandelayo, ipulagi iyasuswa esikulilini sokulungisa ukulethwa komoya. Ngokuguqula le nto, ukwakheka kwe-BTC kuyalungiswa, okuzokhonjiswa yi-exhaust gas analyzer.

IBosch ML4.1

Kulokhu, ukungenzi lutho akusethiwe. Esikhundleni salokho, idivayisi eshiwo ekubukeni konke kwangaphambilini ixhunywe ohlelweni. Ngokuya ngesimo segesi yokukhipha, ukusebenza kwamaphoyinti amaningi kuyalungiswa kusetshenziswa isikulufa sokulungisa. Lapho isandla siphendulela isikulufa ngokwewashi, ukwakheka kwe-CO kuzokhula. Lapho ujika kolunye uhlangothi, le nkomba iyancipha.

IBosch LU 2-Jetronic

Uhlelo olunjalo lulawulwa ijubane XX ngendlela efanayo njengoba ukuguqulwa lokuqala. Ukucebisa ingxube kulungiswa kusetshenziswa ama-algorithms afakwe ku-microprocessor yeyunithi yokulawula. Le pharamitha iguqulwa ngokuya ngokushaywa kwephenyo le-lambda (ukuthola eminye imininingwane mayelana nedivayisi nenqubo yayo yokusebenza, funda ngokwehlukana).

IBosch Motronic M1.3

Ijubane elingenzi lutho kuhlelo olunjalo lilawulwa kuphela uma indlela yokusabalalisa igesi inama-valve angu-8 (ama-4 okungena, ama-4 okuphuma kuwo). Kumaphayiphu angama-16-valve, i-XX ishintshwa yiyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi.

I-8-valve ilawulwa ngendlela efanayo nokuguqulwa kwangaphambilini:

1. I-XX ilungiswa ngesikulufu kumpintsha wokuqina;
2. Isihlaziyi se-CO sixhunyiwe;
3. Ngosizo lwesikulufu sokulungisa, ukwakheka kwe-BTC kuyalungiswa.

Ezinye izimoto zinesistimu efana nale:

• MM8R;
• IBosch Motronic5.1;
• IBosch Motronic3.2;
• I-Sagem-Lukas 4GJ.

Kulezi zimo, ngeke ukwazi ukulungisa ijubane elingenzi lutho noma ukwakheka kwenhlanganisela yamafutha omoya. Umenzi wokuguqulwa okunjalo akahlinzekanga ngalokhu kungenzeka. Wonke umsebenzi kumele wenziwe yi-ECU. Uma i-elektroniki ibingakwazi ukulungisa ukusebenza komjovo ngendlela efanele, lapho-ke kukhona amaphutha wesistimu noma ukuwohloka. Bangabonakala kuphela ngokuxilongwa. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukusebenza okungalungile kwemoto kudalwa ukuwohloka kweyunithi yokulawula.

Umehluko wohlelo lwe-MPI

Izimbangi zezinjini ze-MPI ukuguqulwa okufana ne-FSI (okwenziwe ukukhathazeka I-VAG). Zihluke kuphela endaweni ye-atomization yamafutha. Esimweni sokuqala, umjovo wenziwa phambi kwe-valve ngesikhathi lapho i-piston yesilinda ethile iqala ukwenza isifo sokudla. I-atomizer ifakwe kupayipi legatsha eliya kusilinda othize. Ingxube yomoya-uphethiloli ilungiswa emgodini ohlukahlukene. Lapho umshayeli ecindezela i-pedal gas, i-valve mpintsha iyavula ngokuya ngomzamo.

Lapho nje ukugeleza komoya kufinyelela endaweni yokusebenza kwe-atomizer, uphethiloli uyajova. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nedivayisi yama-injektha kagesi. lapha... Isokhethi ledivayisi lenzelwa ukuthi ingxenye kaphethiloli isatshalaliswe ezingxenyeni ezincane kakhulu, ezithuthukisa ukwakheka kwenhlanganisela. Lapho kuvulwa i-valve yokungenisa, ingxenye ye-BTC ingena kusilinda esisebenzayo.

Esimweni sesibili, i-injector ngayinye incike kwisilinda ngayinye, efakwe ekhanda lesilinda eduze kwama-plugs enhlansi. Kulolu lungiselelo, uphethiloli ufuthwa ngokomthetho ofanayo nowoyela kadizili enjinini kadizili. Ukushisa kwe-VTS kwenzeka kuphela hhayi ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu komoya ocindezelwe kakhulu, kepha kusuka ekukhishweni kukagesi okwenziwe phakathi kwama-electrode we-spark plug.

Injini ye-FSI

Imvamisa kuba nempikiswano phakathi kwabanikazi bezimoto lapho kufakwa khona injini yokusabalalisa kanye ne-injection eqondile mayelana nokuthi iyiphi iyunithi ehamba phambili. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngamunye wabo unikeza izizathu zakhe. Isibonelo, abaxhasi be-MPI bathembele kusistimu enjalo ngoba kulula futhi kushibhile ukuyigcina nokulungisa kunomlingani wayo wohlobo lwe-FSI.

Ukujova okuqondile kubiza kakhulu ukulungisa, futhi kukhona ochwepheshe abambalwa abaqeqeshiwe abakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi ezingeni lobungcweti. Lolu hlelo lusetshenziswa nge-turbocharger, futhi izinjini ze-MPI zisemkhathini kuphela.

Izinzuzo nokubi kwe-Multipoint Injection

Ubuhle nobubi bomjovo we-multipoint kungaxoxwa ngawo ngaphansi kwe-prism yokuqhathanisa lolu hlelo nokuhlinzekwa ngophethiloli ngqo kumasilinda.

Izinzuzo zomjovo osatshalaliswa zifaka:

• Ukonga okuphawulekayo kuphethiloli uma kuqhathaniswa nalolu hlelo, umjovo we-mono noma i-carburetor. Futhi, le moto izohlangabezana nezindinganiso zemvelo, ngoba ikhwalithi ye-MTC iphakeme kakhulu.
• Ngenxa yokutholakala kwezingxenye zokungcebeleka kanye nenani elikhulu lochwepheshe abakuqonda ubunzima besistimu, ukulungiswa kwayo nokugcinwa kwayo kushibhile kumnikazi kunalabo abangabanikazi abajabulayo bemoto enomjovo oqondile.
• Lolu hlobo lohlelo lukaphethiloli luzinzile futhi lunokwethenjelwa kakhulu, inqobo nje uma umshayeli engazishayi indiva izincomo zokulungiswa okujwayelekile.
• Umjovo osatshalalisiwe awufuni kakhulu ikhwalithi kaphethiloli kunesistimu yokunikezwa ngophethiloli ngqo kumasilinda.
• Lapho i-VTS ifakwa emgodini wokungenisa futhi idlula ekhanda le-valve, le ngxenye icutshungulwa ngophethiloli futhi ihlanzwe, ukuze amadiphozi angaqoqeki ku-valve, njengoba kwenzeka njalo enjinini yomlilo yangaphakathi enenhlanganisela eqondile.

Uma sikhuluma ngokushiyeka kwalesi simiso, iningi lazo lihlobene nokunethezeka kweyunithi yamandla (sibonga ukuthungela ungqimba, okusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-premium, injini idlidliza kancane), kanye nokubuyiselwa emuva yenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Izinjini ezinomjovo oqondile nokufuduswa okufanayo nohlobo lwenjini okukhulunywa ngayo kukhulisa amandla amaningi.

Okunye ukungalungi kwe-MPI izindleko eziphezulu zokulungiswa nezingxenye zokungcebeleka uma kuqhathaniswa nezinguqulo zangaphambilini zemoto. Izinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi zinesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, yingakho ukugcinwa kwazo kubiza kakhulu. Imvamisa, abanikazi bezimoto ezinenjini ye-MPI kufanele babhekane nama-injector wokuhlanza nokusetha kabusha amaphutha ezinto zikagesi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kufanele futhi kwenziwe yilabo abanemoto ene-fuel injection system eqondile.

Kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa imijovo yesimanje, kuba sobala ukuthi ngenxa yokunikezwa okuqondile kukaphethiloli kumasilinda, amandla weyunithi yamandla aphakeme kancane, i-exhaust ihlanzekile, futhi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuphansi kancane. Ngaphandle kwalezi zinzuzo, uhlelo olunjalo oluthuthukile lukaphethiloli luzobiza kakhulu ukulunakekela.

Ekuphetheni, sinikeza ividiyo emfushane yokuthi kungani abashayeli abaningi besaba ukuthenga imoto ngomjovo oqondile:

Izinselelo zezinjini zikaphethiloli ezijova ngqo ze-TSI ne-TFSI

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yini engcono umjovo oqondile noma umjovo wembobo? Umjovo oqondile. Inomfutho owengeziwe kaphethiloli, ifuthwa kangcono. Lokhu kunikeza cishe u-20% ukonga kanye nokukhipha okuhlanzekile (ukushiswa okuphelele kwe-BTC).

Isebenza kanjani i-multiport fuel injection? Kufakwe umjovo epayipini ngalinye lokungenisa elihlukahlukene. Ngesikhathi sokushaywa unhlangothi, uphethiloli ufuthwa. Uma i-injector isondela kuma-valve, uhlelo lukaphethiloli lusebenza kahle kakhulu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokujova uphethiloli? Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zomjovo: i-mono-injection (i-nozzle eyodwa kumgomo we-carburetor) kanye namaphoyinti amaningi (asatshalaliswa noma aqondile.