I-Adsorber. Kuyini emotweni, kwenzelwa ini, kuthinta ini nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko zokungasebenzi kahle

Imboni yesimanje yezimoto inikeza umhlaba wabathandi bezimoto izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezimoto ukuhlangabezana nanoma iyiphi inselelo yokuhamba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimoto azifani ngokubukeka kuphela. Wonke umshayeli wemoto unomqondo wakhe wokuthi imoto enhle kakhulu kufanele ibe yini. Futhi imvamisa kuyingxenye yezobuchwepheshe yezokuthutha ebaluleke kakhulu.

Ngaphansi hood, imoto yesimanje ithola injini yomlilo yangaphakathi enikwa amandla ngophethiloli noma udizili. Ngamazinga akhulayo ezemvelo, abenzi abenzi ama-powertrains kuphela ngokukhishwa kwe-cleaner exhaust, kepha futhi bathuthukisa izinketho ezahlukahlukene zezimoto zikagesi kanye nama-nzalo. Kodwa-ke, lesi yisihloko kokunye ukubuyekeza... Manje sizogxila esicini esisodwa semoto, amandla ayo asebenza ngophethiloli.

Iningi labashayeli bezimoto liyazi ukuthi uphethiloli uhwamuka ngokushesha okukhulu. Noma ngabe uphethiloli usesitsheni esivaliwe, ngokushesha nje lapho uvulwa, umphunga wawo udedelwa ungene emkhathini. Ngalesi sizathu, noma ngabe imoto ayivamile ukushayela, ithangi eligcwele ligcina lingenalutho kancane kancane.

Ukuze uphethiloli uhlale ethangini likaphethiloli, futhi inqwaba yemiphunga kaphethiloli ayingeni emkhathini, kufakwa uhlelo lwe-EVAP, noma i-adsorber ethangini. Cabanga ukuthi kungani idingeka emotweni, ukube ibingekho ezimotweni ezindala. Sizobuye sixoxe ngomgomo wokusebenza, ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukuhlanzwa nokuthi ungakubona kanjani ukungasebenzi kahle kohlelo.

Luyini uhlelo lwe-adsorber ne-EVAP

Ake siqale siqonde amatemu. I-adsorber, noma uhlelo lwe-EVAP, luhlobo lwesihlukanisi semoto esihlanza umoya oshiya ithangi legesi emiphefumulweni kaphethiloli. Lo mshini uvimbela ukuthinta okuqondile komoya ethangini nomoya. Ngendlela elula kunazo zonke, iyisihlungi esivamile samalahle, okuyingxenye yohlelo lokuvuselela umphunga kaphethiloli (i-EVAP).

Lolu hlelo luyimpoqo kunoma iyiphi imoto yanamuhla. Abanye abashayeli ngephutha bakubiza ngokuthi i-absorber. Yize umthetho walezi zinhlelo ufana, ama-adsorbers asetshenziselwa izimoto. Isizathu silele ekuxakekeni kwenqubo yokuhlanza amagesi angena ohlelweni.

Isidumbu simunca iphunga elingemnandi eliqukethwe kulo mfula ngokuhlunga ngento engamanzi lapho kudlula khona igesi okufanele ihlanzwe. Idivayisi enjalo ibuye ifakwe i-sump nohlelo lokuhlanza uketshezi ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokusebenza kohlelo. Okuhlukile kokufakwa okunjalo ukuthi ukuhlanzwa kwenzeka ngenxa yokumuncwa kokugeleza ngalo lonke ivolumu yesihlungi. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi komklamo nayo yonke inqubo yokuhlanzwa kwenza kube nzima ukusebenzisa izifunxi ezimotweni. Zisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezikhungweni zokukhiqiza, umsebenzi wazo ohlotshaniswa nokukhishwa okukhulu komoya ongcolile emkhathini.

I-adsorber futhi isusa ukungcola emoyeni, kuphela lokhu ikwenza ngesisekelo sokumunca ubuso. Lokhu kusho ukuthi yonke into ewuketshezi yomswakama kaphethiloli iyajiya ebusweni besihlukanisi bese ibuyela ethangini legesi. Umoya uyahlanzwa ngokuwufaka ezininginingi zokudla ukuze ususwe kwisilinda kanye nenhlanganisela yomoya / kaphethiloli womlilo. Ngokuyinhloko, iyisihlukanisi esincane sokuzihlanza nesihlungi sokuxazulula.

Izakhi zezakhi

I-adsorber iyisitsha sepulasitiki esiyicylindrical noma cubic esigcwele ikhabhoni ecushiwe. Le nto iyisihlungi esihle kakhulu sebhajethi esine-neutralization yemfucuza kaphethiloli.

1 Apheya amafutha
2 Umoya
3 Isiginali evela kukhompyutha
4 I-valve yokuhlanza i-canister
5 Umhwamuko kaphethiloli uqondiswe kubuningi bokudla

Isistimu ngokwayo iqukethe:

• Isihlukanisi. Ibamba izinhlayiya zikaphethiloli ezijiya kuwo bese uphethiloli ubuyiselwa ethangini legesi;
• Ama-valve adonsela phansi. Ngemodi evamile, le ngxenye ayihilelekile. Kunalokho, le valve iyadingeka lapho imoto igingqika ukuvimbela ukuchitheka kukaphethiloli ethangini;
• inzwa yokucindezela. Lesi sakhi silawula ukucindezelwa komhwamuko kaphethiloli ethangini legesi, ukuvinjelwa ukuthi ungawohloki noma uphazamise ukusebenza kwesistimu kaphethiloli. Uma ukucindezela kudlulele, i-valve ikhipha ngokweqile kwayo;
• Hlunga imidiya (imvamisa kuba ngamalahle). Le ngxenye yesistimu ihlanza umfudlana odlulayo emazingeni kaphethiloli;
• Amashubhu ahlanganisa izakhi zesistimu kanye nethangi likaphethiloli. Ngaphandle kwazo, akukho mphunga ozosuswa noma i-condensate yomhwamuko izobuyela ethangini likaphethiloli;
• i-valve ye-solenoid. Isethelwe ukushintsha izindlela zokusebenza zesistimu.

Kungani udinga umkhangisi?

Ukuthuthuka kokuqala kwesikhangisi semoto kwavela njengohlelo olwengeziwe olwandisa ubungani bemvelo bemoto. Ngenxa yale divayisi kanye nokwenza ngcono kwesikhungo samandla kagesi, imoto ingahambisana ne-eco-standard ye-Euro2. Ngokwalo, lolu hlelo aludingeki ekusebenzeni kangcono kwezimoto. Uma ihlelwe kahle umjovo kaphethiloli, aveze obala indiva futhi uyihlomise ngemoto okudala, lapho-ke imoto izohambisana namazinga aqinile ezemvelo.

Lolu hlelo aluzange lusetshenziswe ezinjini ze-carburetor. Ngalesi sizathu, kunephunga eliqhubekayo likaphethiloli eduze kwemoto endala. Uma ezokuthutha zigcinwa emgwaqweni, khona-ke akubonakali. Kodwa vele akunakwenzeka ukuhlala egalaji eliseduze nemoto enjalo isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokufaka ushevu ngomphunga kaphethiloli.

Ngokufika kwezinjini zomlilo zangaphakathi zomjovo, i-adsorber iyingxenye ebalulekile yanoma iyiphi imoto. Iqiniso ngukuthi akukhona nje ukukhishwa kwamagesi e-exhaust ngepayipi le-exhaust elingcolisa imvelo. Imiphunga kaphethiloli nayo ingena emoyeni, futhi ngisho nenjini esezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu enesistimu yokuhlanza igesi yesimanje ngaphandle kwalolu hlelo lokuhlanza umhwamuko owenziwe ethangini legesi ngeke ihlangabezane nezidingo eziphakeme zezivumelwano zemvelo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungenzeka ukuvala ithangi legesi ngamakhemikhali, futhi inkinga ixazululwa - intuthu ayingeni emvelweni. Kodwa-ke, lokhu bekungeke kusho ukuthi uphethiloli uzoyeka ukuhwamuka. Ngenxa yalokhu, ingcindezi izokhuphuka ethangini elivaliwe (ikakhulukazi ngenkathi eshisayo). Le nqubo ayithandeki ohlelweni lukaphethiloli. Ngalesi sizathu, kufanele kube khona umoya omncane ethangini.

Kuvela umbuthano ononya: ithangi alikwazi ukuvalwa ngokuqinile ukuze umusi kaphethiloli ungakhuphuli ingcindezi ekuwo, kepha uma umoya unikezwa kuwo, imiphunga efanayo nakanjani ingena emkhathini. Inhloso ye-adsorber ngqo ukugcina ingcindezi ethangini ezingeni lomkhathi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye imvelo ayingcolisiwe yimiphunga eyingozi.

Ngaphezu kokukhathazeka ngezemvelo, abenzi bezimoto bakhuphule ukuphepha kwezimoto uqobo. Iqiniso ukuthi lapho imoto igcinwa egalaji, ngaphandle kwesikhangiso, umoya oseduze kwayo uyogcwala umusi onobuthi. Ngokungenakugwenywa, lo moya nawo ungena ngaphakathi emotweni. Noma amawindi evuliwe ngenkathi ushayela, kuzothatha isikhathi ukuthi lezi zintaba-mlilo zishabalale. Ngenxa yalokhu, umshayeli, kanye nabo bonke abagibeli, bahogela kancane umoya ongcolile bazifake nobuthi.

Uphi umkhangisi

Ngokunengqondo, njengoba umkhangisi evimbela ukuthintana ngqo kwemiphunga kaphethiloli ethangini elinomoya ohlanzekile, kufanele ngabe isethangini likaphethiloli uqobo noma eduze kwaso. Eqinisweni, i-automaker iyazinqumela lapho izofaka khona into esemqoka yohlelo emotweni. Ngakho-ke, amamodeli wemoto yasekhaya (i-Lada) afakwe i-adsorber, cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezingaphansi kwe-hood eduze kwesibani sangaphambili esifanele.

Kweminye imikhiqizo, le nto ingama ku-niche kanye nesondo eliseceleni, ethangini likaphethiloli uqobo, ngaphansi kwamakhothamo amasondo, njll. Thatha i-Audi A4 ne-B5, isibonelo. Kuzo, kuya ngonyaka wokwenziwa, i-adsorber yafakwa eminyangweni ehluke ngokuphelele yemoto. KwiChevrolet Lacetti, ngokuvamile ingaphansi kwesiqu esiseduze kwesondo langemuva langakwesokudla. Ukuze ucacise lapho kutholakala khona le nto, kufanele ubhekise kumanuwali yokusebenza kwemoto.

Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-adsorber emotweni: uhlelo lwe-EVAP

Ngaphandle komehluko wesakhiwo nomehluko endaweni yezakhi ezibalulekile, uhlelo lokuhlanzwa komoya kusuka ezintweni eziguquguqukayo zikaphethiloli kuyo yonke imishini luzosebenza ngokomgomo ofanayo. Isici esiyisihluthulelo esihlanza umoya ekuhwamukeni okungathandeki yisitsha esigcwele ikhabhoni esebenzayo.

Imiphunga kaphethiloli ngemuva kokujiyisana nge-valve yamandla adonsela phansi ingena emgodini wethangi ngepayipi. Ngenkathi injini yemoto ingasebenzi, ingcindezi ethangini iyakhuphuka, nemiphunga iyanqwabelana echibini elikhethekile lethangi le-adsorber. Kancane kancane, ingcindezi eyeqile idudula umoya omningi ngamalahle bese iphumela emkhathini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphunga likaphethiloli nezinto eziyingozi eziguquguqukayo zigcinwa yi-ejenti elinciphisayo.

Kukhona i-valve eyodwa ngaphezulu kudivayisi ye-adsorber, kepha isivele i-electromagnetic. Lapho injini yomlilo yangaphakathi iqala, i-microprocessor (iyunithi yokulawula ngogesi) ilawula ukusebenza kwale ndlela. Isifunda sesibili se-adsorber sixhunywe kokuphindaphindwayo kokudla ngenyunyana exhunywe ethangini elifanayo likaphethiloli.

Lapho ingcindezi ethangini inyuka, i-valve ye-solenoid iyaqala. Njengoba i-vacuum yenziwa ezinhlakeni eziningi zokungenisa, imiphunga kaphethiloli iyamunzwa, kepha kulokhu ayisahambi ngesihlungi sekhabhoni esibhakabhakeni, kepha isendleleni elula - yohlelo lokungenisa (ukuthola eminye imininingwane yokuthi isebenza kanjani , kuchazwa ngokwehlukana).

Ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-tank ethangini legesi ngenxa yokusebenza kohlelo lokuhlanza, olungaxakekisa ukusebenza kwepompo yegesi, kukhona ukuxhumana komoya ethangini le-adsorber. Ngayo, umfudlana womoya ohlanzekile ungena kusihlukanisi uma yonke imiphunga eyeqile isivele isusiwe. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukuhlanza.

Ubuhle besistimu enjalo ukuthi ngenkathi imoto isebenza, isihlungi sekhabhoni sihlala singasetshenziswanga. Lapho umusi kaphethiloli ungena ohlelweni lokungenisa emotweni, izinto eziyingozi zishiswa ngesikhathi kusebenza amasilinda. Ukusakazwa kwegesi yokukhipha bese kuyancishiswa ku-catalyst. Ngenxa yalokhu, iphunga likaphethiloli ongashiswanga alizwakali eduze kwemoto.

Ngabe isithinta ini i-adsorber?

Iningi lokungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu lihlobene ne-valve ye-solenoid. Isimiso sokusebenza kwedivayisi silula. Kuye ngokuthi i-motor iyasebenza noma cha, i-valve izovuleka noma ivaliwe.

Nge-valve ye-solenoid esebenzayo, uhlelo lusebenza kahle, futhi abashayeli abaningi abazi ngisho nokuba khona kwalo. Kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho ukusebenza kwayo kuphazamiseka, uhlelo aluhlanjululwa, futhi inani elikhulu lomhwamuko kaphethiloli liqoqa ethangini. Kulokhu, uhlelo lukaphethiloli lwemoto lungalimala kakhulu.

Idivayisi ye-Adsorber

Idizayini ye-adsorber ifaka izinto ezilandelayo:

• Isitsha sepulasitiki esenziwe ngesilinda. Yenza umsebenzi womzimba nomgodi lapho imiphunga kaphethiloli ingenziwa khona;
• Ikhabhoni eyenziwe yasebenza ishibhile futhi ngasikhathi sinye i-neutralizer esebenzayo yezinto ezintekenteke zehydrocarbon ezakha uphethiloli. Ihlinzekela ukubanjwa nokuhlanzwa komoya ngezinto eziyingozi, kepha ezinhlelweni ezibiza kakhulu, kusetshenziswa ezinye izinto, kuze kufike kumaminerali emvelo;
• Inzwa noma i-valve yokusiza ephendula kwingcindezi yomhwamuko ethangini legesi futhi iqinisekise ukususwa kokungaphezulu kwabo uma umkhangisi evinjelwe;
• Ithangi likaphethiloli lixhunywe ku-adsorber, nalo elixhunywe kuzinqwaba zokudla kusetshenziswa amapayipi. Ishubhu ngalinye lenziwa ngezinto ezingeke zilulaze lapho lihlangana nophethiloli - ikakhulukazi ipayipi likaphethiloli;
• Amandla adonsela phansi namandla
• Isihlukanisi ebusweni uphethiloli ojiyile kuso. Uketshezi lubuyiselwa ethangini.

Uma imoto ibandakanyeka engozini futhi yeqa, i-valve yamandla adonsela phansi ivimbela uphethiloli ukuba ungaphumi entanyeni. Le ukuphela kwenhloso yalesi sici.

Ukwahlukaniswa kwama-adsorbers

Lapho injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ithola i-injector kanye ne-catalyst, amandla we-powertrain aba nobungane emvelweni, kepha izinkampani zemvelo zihlala zikhuphula izinga elivumelekile, ngakho-ke zombili izinjini nezinhlelo zazo zilungiswa njalo. Futhi uhlelo lwe-EVAP alukho okuhlukile. Kuze kube manje, sekukhona ukuguqulwa okuningana kwalawa madivayisi.

Njengoba ukusebenza kwabo kungeke kuthintwe indawo okukuyo i-adsorber noma ubude bomugqa, ziyehluka komunye nomunye kuphela ngezinto zokuhlunga. Ibhodlela lingaqukatha:

1. I-adsorbent emile eyimbudumbudu;
2. I-adsorbent ehambayo ehambayo;
3. I-adsorbent eklanywe kahle, ebila njalo kusuka ngezansi.

Iningi labakhiqizi bezimoto lisebenzisa ukuguqulwa kokuqala. Le yindlela elula yokusebenzisa ukukhishwa kwamapayipi kaphethiloli. Inketho yesibili neyesithathu nayo yenza izinto zibe yingozi ngempumelelo, kepha kuzo zombili izimo, ingxenye ye-adsorbent ingasuswa esitsheni kanye nomoya ungene emvelweni. Ngalesi sizathu, ngaphezu kokushintsha izinto zokuthambisa nezihlungi, ukugcinwa okuhleliwe kwemoto kufaka phakathi nokubheka izinga lezinto ezisebenzayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-flask iyasuswa, futhi, uma kunesidingo, i-adsorbent iyangezwa.

I-Gravity Adsorber Valve

Lena into eyisibopho yesistimu ye-adsorber. Ngaphezu kokuvimbela uphethiloli ukuthi ungachitheki emgwaqeni uma imoto igingqika, le nto iphinde ivimbele uphethiloli ukuthi ungangeni endaweni yokuhlunga.

Kumodeli ngayinye, i-valve ye-auto gravity ifakwe ezindaweni ezahlukene ethangini likaphethiloli. Isibonelo, ku-Chevrolet Niva imi eduze kwentamo yokugcwalisa ithangi, futhi ku-Chevrolet Lacetti itholakala ngqo ku-tank ngokwayo.

I-Adsorber valve

Into esemqoka yohlelo lokuphefumula komoya uphethiloli yi-solenoid valve. Ishintsha phakathi kokuvuselelwa komhwamuko kanye ne-sump purge. Ake sihlolisise ukuthi isebenza kanjani, luyini uphawu lokungasebenzi kahle kwayo, nokuthi ungayifaka kanjani esikhundleni sayo lapho kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka.

Ngabe isithinta ini i-adsorber?

Lapho injini icishiwe, i-valve isesimweni esivaliwe, ngakho-ke, lapho kunengcindezi eyeqile ethangini likaphethiloli, umhwamuko uphoqelelwa ngokusebenzisa isihlungi sekhabhoni emoyeni. Lapho nje injini yomlilo yangaphakathi iqala, i-electromagnet idonswa yisiginali kagesi evela ku-ECU, bese ivula i-valve ukuqinisekisa ukungena komoya komgodi.

I-canister valve esebenzisekayo yenza lonke uhlelo lukaphethiloli luphephe. Ukucindezela ngokweqile kwephethiloli akudalwanga kulayini, futhi lapho iyunithi yamandla isebenza, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwephethiloli akubonwa. Uma amapayipi olayini eboshwe kabi noma esevele aqhekekile kusukela ekugugeni, khona-ke ukuba khona kwe-valve esebenzayo ye-adsorber kuzovimbela ukuvuza kukaphethiloli, ngoba ingcindezi yohlelo ayikhuphuki.

Isebenza kanjani i-valve ye-adsorber

Kukholakala ukuthi le nto ivula ngokuzenzakalela ngokuqala kweyunithi yamandla. Eqinisweni, lokhu akunjalo. Kubangelwa lapho ingcindezi eyeqile ivela ethangini likaphethiloli. I-electromagnet ilawulwa ngokuya ngama-algorithm ashumekwe ku-microprocessor yeyunithi yokulawula.

Ngokuya ngemodeli yemoto, i-ECU iqopha izinkomba inzwa yokugeleza kwesisindo, ukushisa komoya, kwezinye izimo nengcindezi ethangini. Ngokuhambisana nayo yonke le mibonakaliso, i-elekthronikhi inquma isidingo sokungenisa umoya isikhangiso.

Uma ungena ngokuningiliziwe kusikimu sokusebenza kwe-valve, khona-ke silawula kakhulu izinga lokuhlanzwa kwe-adsorber kanye nokudonswa kwemiphunga kaphethiloli. Kuya ngokuthi ungakanani umoya osetshenziswayo kokuphindwe kaningi kokudla. Eqinisweni, iyunithi yokulawula ithumela ama-pulses athinta ubude namandla we-purge.

Ungahlola kanjani i-valve ye-adsorber

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Adsorber valve kufaka:

• Ukwehluleka kukazibuthe kagesi (ikakhulukazi ikhefu elijikayo);
• Valve wanamathela evulekile;
• Wedge valve ivaliwe;
• Ukungabi namandla okulawula.

Ukuze wenze ukuxilongwa okuzimele, udinga kuqala "ukukhalisa" i-wiring nge-multimeter. Futhi, ukungasebenzi kahle kungatholakala kusetshenziswa uhlelo lokuxilonga. Emotweni ethile, kungahle kube nesoftware yayo. Ikhompyutha yokuxilonga ixhunywe emshinini ngesixhumi sesevisi, futhi kwenziwa usesho lokwephuka.

Ngenqubo yokunikeza amasiginali wokulawula, i-valve kufanele ichofoze (ngokuya ngomgomo wokuchofoza ku-starter, ngoba kusetshenziswa indlela efanayo kagesi lapho, kuphela ngobukhulu obukhulu). Le ndlela ihlolwa kanjani ingxenye kagesi yesifunda.

Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi i-valve uqobo lwayo alunamathele, kufanele isuswe. Lokhu kwenziwa kalula njengoba kumane kufakwa emgodini osebenzayo. Amapayipi amabili nezintambo ezimbili zilingana nayo. Futhi kulula ukuziqaqa, ngaphambi nje kwalokho udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi yini exhunywe kuphi.

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-valve ivaliwe ngokuzenzakalela. Ngokushesha nje lapho ugesi unikezwa emazombezombe, uzibuthe uyacwaswa bese uyavula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuzwakala ukuchofoza kwesici. Ukubheka ukuthi ngabe le nto ivaliwe ngaphandle kokunikezwa kwamanje, ungayinqamula kulayini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukulingana kwayo (okujiyile) kwehliselwa esitsheni esincane esinamanzi, kuthi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufakwe ishubhu elinesipontsho (elincanyana). Uma, uma ucindezela i-plunger yesirinji, awekho amabhamuza omoya avela emanzini, i-valve iyasebenza.

Inqubo efanayo iyenziwa lapho kutholwa ukusebenza kwe-valve ye-solenoid. Ngenxa yalokhu, izintambo zixhunywe koxhumana nabo. Idizayini ihlala ifana. Sixhuma izintambo kwibhethri bese sicindezela ipayipi lesirinji. Uma, lapho kusetshenziswa i-current, kuzwakale ukuqhafaza bese kuvela amabhamuza ethangini lamanzi, khona-ke idivayisi isebenza ngokuphelele.

Izimpawu zomkhangisi ongasebenzi kahle

Njengoba umsebenzi we-adsorber uxhunywe nohlelo lukaphethiloli, ukungasebenzi kahle kwawo kuthinta nokusebenza kokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli kumasilinda. Uphawu lokuqala olungakhombisa ukonakala kohlelo lwe-vapor neutralization system yi-pops evela ethangini likaphethiloli.

I-solenoid valve esebenza kahle izokhipha ukuchofoza okuncane okuzwakalayo kuphela lapho injini idling. Kepha uma ingasebenzi kahle, le misindo inganyamalala ngokuphelele, noma okuphambene nalokho - ibe phezulu kakhulu. Esimweni sesibili, ukulungiswa nge-bolt ekhethekile kungasiza. Kuyafaneleka ukusho lapha ukuthi imisindo enjalo ingezwakala kumshini wokusabalalisa igesi. Ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi inkinga iku-valve, kuzosiza ukucindezela okucijile esisekelweni segesi. Uma kwenzeka kuba nenkinga ngebhande lesikhathi okwamanje, imisindo izoshintsha.

Ikhwela lingazwakala lapho ipulagi yokugcwalisa ingavulwanga. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inani elikhulu lemiphunga linqwabelene ethangini, kepha alisuswanga ngesihlungi samalahle.

Ngasohlangothini lobuchwepheshe, ukungasebenzi kahle kohlelo lwe-EVAP kubonakala ngejubane elintantayo leyunithi yamandla ngesikhathi sokufudumala kwayo. Yiqiniso, lesi sibonakaliso siwumphumela wokunye ukungasebenzi kahle, isibonelo, amaphutha kuyunithi yokulawula, ohlelweni lokuthungela, njll. Esinye isibonakaliso esingaqondile se-EVAP ehlulekile ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, idiphu yesivinini kwimodi enamandla. Imvamisa, inzwa yezinga likaphethiloli inika ukufundwa okungalungile - kudeshibhodi, ileveli ingakhonjiswa iphansi, futhi ngemuva komzuzwana - iphakeme futhi okuphambene nalokho.

Kwesinye isikhathi izinkinga nge-adsorber zithinta ukusebenza kwepompo kaphethiloli, bese yehluleka. I-valve ye-solenoid valve ehlulekile ibonakala ngeqiniso lokuthi le nto iyeka ukungqongqoza, okungukuthi, umugqa wokuhlanza uhlelo awuvuli.

Futhi isibonakaliso esisobala kakhulu sezinkinga nge-adsorber iphunga eliphikelelayo likaphethiloli omusha eduze kwemoto noma endlini. Vele, lokhu kungenzeka nangezinye izizathu, ngokwesibonelo, ukuvuza kolayini kaphethiloli.

Ezimotweni zesimanje, ukuxilongwa kwe-elektroniki okusebhodini kukuvumela ukuthi uthole ukuthi ngabe inkinga ingukungasebenzi kahle kohlelo lokunciphisa umusi kaphethiloli noma cha.

Ungakubona kanjani ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-valve ye-adsorber

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Adsorber kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokwehluleka kwe-valve ye-solenoid, njengoba lokhu kuyingxenye ebucayi kakhulu ohlelweni. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kunezinkinga nge-valve, izimpawu ezilandelayo zizosiza:

• Injini engenzi lutho ifudumala imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweyi-10. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, i-ize iqala ukuntanta.
• Ngokungenzi lutho okufanayo, i-gas pedal iyacindezelwa. Esikhundleni sokunyusa isivinini, injini iqala ukuma, sengathi ayinawo uphethiloli owanele.
• Kuzwakala sengathi amandla emoto ehlile.
• Inzwa yezinga likaphethiloli enenani elifanayo likaphethiloli ikhombisa izinga ngezindlela ezihlukene.
• Ukuminza kwe-motor kuye kwanda (okuhlobene kakhulu nesidingo sokucindezela i-gas pedal kakhudlwana, ngoba amandla emoto anciphile).
• Lapho injini iqala, kuzwakala ukungqongqoza, njengama-valve angqongqozayo.

Uma lezi "zimpawu" zivela, kodwa udinga ukuthatha imoto ukuze ihlolwe noma uhlole ukusebenza kwe-valve ngokwakho.

Zenzele ngokwakho ukuhlanzwa kwe-adsorber, ubheka i-valve ye-adsorber bese uyayilungisa

Uma, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesistimu, kutholakale ukuphuka kwe-valve, kufanele kufakwe okusha. Ngokuqondene nesihlungi sekhabhoni, ingahlanzwa esikhundleni sokuthenga entsha, yize ibhizinisi lesimanje ligcizelela ukuthi izinto ezinjalo azihlanzwa, kepha zishintshelwa kwezintsha nje ngenxa yokulahleka kwezakhiwo zazo.

Vele, akekho ozophikisa ukuthi kungcono ukuthenga isikhangiso esisha. Kepha uma umshayeli engenalo ithuba lokwenza lokhu okwamanje, angazama ukuzihlanza ngokwakhe. Inqubo yenziwa ngokulandelayo.

Ibhodlela lepulasitiki liyadilizwa emotweni bese lihlukaniswa ngokucophelela (ukuze kungachitheki impuphu). I-adsorbent ihlanzwa ngokuyishisa kuhhavini. Akunconywa ukwenza lokhu endlini, njengoba izinhlayiya zikaphethiloli zigcinwa empuphu. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokushisa, kuzovela iphunga elibi, elingangena kwifenisha ephakanyisiwe ekhishini. Amalahle azobhema phakathi nale nqubo.

Ekuqaleni, i-powder ishisa kancane ekushiseni kwama-100 amagremu. Impuphu kufanele ishiywe kulokhu kushisa cishe imizuzu engama-60. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukwelashwa kokushisa kwenziwa ngama-degree angama-300. Kule modi, i-powder iyaqhubeka nokuma kuze kuphele iphunga elibi. Ngenqubo yokucubungula okunjalo, i-powder kufanele ixutshwe. Ekupheleni kwenqubo, i-adsorbent isala kuhhavini ukuze ipholile.

Ngaphambi kokuthela impuphu "eyosiwe" kuflaskhi, kufanele uhlanze izipanji nezimvu zokuhlunga. Uma kunesidingo, lezi zinto zingenziwa ngezinto ezifanele.

Kungenzeka yini ukususa

Okokuqala, njengoba sesibonile, i-adsorber emotweni iyadingeka ukuze imoto ihlangabezane nezindinganiso zemvelo. Kodwa kwabanye abanikazi bezimoto, le parameter ayibalulekile kangako, ngakho-ke babheka lolu hlelo olungenamsebenzi emotweni. Isizathu sokukhishwa kwe-valve ye-adsorber, abaningi babiza ukuwohloka kwenjini kanye nokwenyuka komsindo wayo.

Kodwa ukuba khona kwesistimu yokusebenza emotweni akuphazamisi nakancane ukusebenza kweyunithi yamandla, futhi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli akukhuphuki ngenxa yalokho, ngoba ihlanza ama-vapor, ibuyisela izinhlayiya zikaphethiloli ethangini. Yiqiniso, i-adsorber ngeke ingeze ukonga okuphawulekayo, kodwa ukuvuthwa kwemoto akukhulisi ncamashi ngenxa yayo.

Uma ususa uhlelo, injini ngeke iphule. Kwezinye izimo (lapho isihlungi sidinga ukushintshwa), ukususwa kwe-adsorber kuze kuholele ekuzinzeni okuzinzile kwenjini. Le nqubo yenziwa kanje. I-adsorber can iyasuswa. Esikhundleni salokho, isihlungi esihle sikaphethiloli esivela ku-carburetor injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ifakiwe. I-tube lapho i-valve ixhunywe khona ivinjiwe. Lungiselela kabusha iyunithi yokulawula (mayelana nokuthi ukushuna kwe-chip kuhamba kanjani, ngokuningiliziwe kuchazwe ngokwehlukana) ukuze isixwayiso sephutha lenjini singakhanyi ekucoceni.

Ububi be "modernization" enjalo yemoto yilezi:

• Iphunga likaphethiloli emotweni;
• Ama-hydrocarbon alula awahlali endaweni yokuhlunga, kodwa aya ngqo emkhathini;
• Kwezinye izimo, iphunga likaphethiloli lizozwakala egaraji ngemva kokuhamba isikhathi eside kwemoto.

Izinzuzo zokususa yilezi:

• Isikhala esengeziwe endaweni yenjini. Ingasetshenziswa, isibonelo, ukusetha I-preheateruma umshini usebenza ezindaweni ezisenyakatho;
• I-motor izosebenza ngokuzinza ngokungenzi lutho (inkinga ngesivinini esintantayo XX ingase ibe ngenxa yesihlungi esivalekile noma i-valve engasebenzi kahle);
• Asikho isidingo sokusebenzisa imali ukuthenga i-valve entsha ye-solenoid noma isihlungi.

Yiqiniso, ukuthi ungayikhipha noma cha i-adsorber emotweni yakho kuyisinqumo somnikazi wemoto ngamunye. Wonke umuntu uyazinqumela ukuthi yini azoyiyekethisa. Kodwa kwezinye izimoto, ukungabikho kwalesi simiso kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi i-cabin iphunga kakhulu uphethiloli, futhi ohambweni olude lokhu kungathinta kabi inhlalakahle yawo wonke umuntu emotweni.

Imiphumela yokuqaqa isikhangisi

Abanye abashayeli bakholelwa ukuthi ukwandisa imingcele yemvelo yemoto njalo kuthinta kabi ukusebenza kahle kweyunithi yamandla namandla okuthutha. Ngalesi sizathu, basusa konke okuthi, njengoba bacabanga, "kuphazamise" ukusebenza kweyunithi. Eqinisweni, i-adsorber ayikuthinti ukusebenza kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, kepha ukungabi bikho kwayo - yebo, ngoba ukwakheka kohlelo lukaphethiloli kuhlinzeka ngobukhona bayo, futhi kufanele kungenise ithangi ngale divayisi.

Labo abathi lolu hlelo lokungathathi hlangothi ngandlela thile luthinta ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ekunciphiseni kwepharamitha nabo bangase benze iphutha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inani elincane kuphela likaphethiloli elibuyiselwa ethangini, elisemotweni ejwayelekile libalekela emoyeni kuphela. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kulondolozwa kuncane kakhulu kangangokuthi abakwazi ukuzwakala ngenkathi kusebenza imoto.

Ngokuqondene nobungane bemvelo bomshini, kulokhu kulokhu le parameter ibonakala kuphela kwimishini yokuxilonga. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-catalyst noma uhlelo olufanayo lwe-AdBlue oluchaziwe ngokwehlukana, umsebenzi we-EVAP awubonakali kangako.

Uma ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa kwembulwa ukuthi izinkinga zihlobene nohlelo lwe-EVAP, awukwazi ukususa i-adsorber bese uxhuma amapayipi avela ethangini legesi kanye nokudla okuphindwe kaningi ngaphandle kwesihlungi. Ngokuqondile, kungenzeka ngokomzimba, kepha, ngaphandle kwento yokuhlunga ne-valve, lapho kumunwa njalo ingxenye yomoya ovela ethangini, kungalimaza ithangi likaphethiloli, futhi kwezinye izimo, imiphunga kaphethiloli enezinhlayiya zikaphethiloli iyatholakala ekungeneni okuningi.

Kwisimo sesibili, i-unit control unit ngeke ikwazi ukwenza i-VTS esezingeni eliphakeme, futhi imoto izothola ingxube enothe ngokweqile. Lokhu ngokuqinisekile kuzoholela eqinisweni lokuthi amagesi e-exhaust azoqukatha inani elikhulu lezinto eziyingozi. Ukuphazamiseka okunjalo ekusebenzeni kweyunithi yamandla kukhulisa umthwalo ku-catalyst, futhi lokhu kuyingxenye ebiza kakhulu emotweni.

Uma umshayeli ethatha isinqumo sokususa uhlelo njengolungadingekile futhi olungenamsebenzi, bese ewagoqa amapayipi, kuleli cala akakwazi ukugwema ubunzima ngokusebenza kwemoto. Inani elikhulu lemiphunga lizoqoqeka ethangini, okuzoholela ekusebenzeni okungazinzile kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi ngenxa yengcindezi ephezulu kaphethiloli ethangini.

Ngalezi zizathu, uma i-adsorber ingasasebenzi, ukuyihlanza noma ukuyifaka okusha kuzosiza (konke kuya ngohlobo lokungasebenzi kahle).

Sifaka i-valve entsha ye-adsorber

Uma ukuxilongwa kokusebenza kohlelo lwe-EVAP kufanele kwenziwe ngungoti oqonda imibiko yokuqhafaza nezinkomba ezidingekayo, lapho-ke ukufaka i-valve ye-adsorber kulula kakhulu. Ingxenye entsha idinga ukukhethwa hhayi kuphela ukufana okubonakalayo. Kukhona ukumaka emzimbeni wedivayisi - kungalezi zimpawu lapho udinga ukukhetha indlela entsha.

Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo. Okokuqala udinga ukuthola lapho kufakwa khona i-valve. Isiginali esingesihle siyasuswa ebhethri. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze uhlelo lokubhoda lungabhalisi iphutha, elizodinga ukusethwa kabusha, ngoba kuleli cala i-ECU izongena kwimodi ephuthumayo.

Okulandelayo, isixhumi esinezintambo sinqanyuliwe. Imvamisa ine-latch evimbela ukunqanyulwa ngengozi kwentambo. Amashubhu we-adsorber ayasuswa, intaba ye-valve ayikhishwa, uma ikhona. Ukuxhuma kwengxenye entsha kwenziwa ngokulandelana okuphindayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, sinikela ngevidiyo emfushane yokuthi umkhangisi usebenza kanjani nokuthi ungayihlola kanjani:

I-Adsorber. Kungani uyidinga, isebenza kanjani, uyihlola kanjani.

Ividiyo ngesihloko

Nansi ividiyo enemininingwane yokuthi ungayibheka kanjani i-valve ye-canister ngokwakho:

INDLELA YOKUHLOLA IVAVU YOMTHETHO

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Ngabe ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-adsorber kubonakala kanjani? Emadiphu esivinini angasebenzi azwakala, ivalvu ayisebenzi lapho injini isebenza. Lapho uvula isivalo sethangi, kuzwakala i-hers (i-vacuum yenziwa ethangini).

Usetshenziselwani umkhangisi? Okokuqala, lesi simiso sivimbela ukukhishwa kwemfucumfucu kaphethiloli emkhathini kusukela ethangini legesi. Uma kwakhiwa umhwamuko, uyawahlunga ezinhlayiyeni zikaphethiloli.

Ivula nini i-valve ye-canister? I-valve ye-adsorber ilawulwa yiyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi. Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, umoya one-condensate uqondiswe kumasilinda e-afterburner.