Kuyini ukuphenya kwe-lambda emotweni nokuthi ungayihlola kanjani

Ezimoto zesimanje, kusetshenziswa amadivayisi akhethekile avumela imoto ukuthi ihambisane nemithetho yezemvelo. Phakathi kwamadivaysi anjalo yi-lambda probe.

Cabanga ukuthi kungani iyadingeka emotweni, lapho itholakala khona, ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ukungasebenzi kahle kwayo, nokuthi ungayifaka kanjani esikhundleni sayo.

Kuyini ukuphenya kwe-lambda?

I- "lambda" yesiGrikhi isetshenziswa embonini yezobunjiniyela ukusho ukuthomba. Kulokhu, kungukuhlushwa i-oksijini kugesi ophumayo. Ukuze ucace kakhudlwana, lesi yisilinganiso somoya esengeziwe kwinhlanganisela yomoya.

Ukuthola le pharamitha, kusetshenziswa iphenye elikhethekile, elihlola isimo semikhiqizo yokuhlanganiswa kaphethiloli. Le nto isetshenziswa ezimotweni ezinikezela ngogesi. Ifakwe futhi ezimotweni ezinoguquko olunamandla ohlelweni lokukhipha amandla.

Ngabe yini iproca le-lambda?

Inzwa isetshenziselwa ukuletha kahle ingxube yomoya / yamafutha. Umsebenzi wayo uthinta ukusebenza kwe-catalyst, evimbela izinto eziyingozi emvelweni kumagesi aqeda amandla. Kukala ukuqina kwe-oksijini ekuqothulweni futhi kulungisa ukusebenza kohlelo lwamafutha.

Ukuze injini isebenze kahle, ingxube yomoya / kaphethiloli kufanele inikezwe amasilinda ngendlela efanele. Uma kungekho oksijini owanele, ingxube izothuthukiswa. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-spark plugs enjini kaphethiloli angagcwala, futhi inqubo yokuhlangana ngeke ikhiphe amandla anele okujikeleza crankshaft. Futhi, ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo kuzoholela ekushisweni kwegesi ngokwengxenye. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhiqizwa i-carbon monoxide, hhayi isikhutha.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma kunomoya omningi engxenyeni yamafutha omoya kunokuba kunesidingo, khona-ke kuzoncika. Ngenxa yalokhu - ukwehla kwamandla enjini, ukweqisa kwamazinga okushisa ezingxenyeni zomshini we-cylinder-piston. Ngenxa yalokhu, ezinye izinto ziguga ngokushesha. Uma kunomoya-mpilo omningi ekuqothulweni, khona-ke igesi ka-NOx ngeke ihlukaniswe phakathi kwethonya. Lokhu kuholela ekungcolisweni kwemvelo.

Njengoba ukwakheka kwamagesi anobuthi akunakubonwa ngokubonakalayo, kudingeka inzwa ekhethekile ezobheka ngisho nezinguquko ezincane ekuphethweni kwenjini.

Le ngxenye ilusizo kakhulu ezimweni zokukhula kwentuthu (lapho imoto ingaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu). Lokhu kusiza ukugcina i-catalyst ingangcoliseki futhi ibuye igcine uphethiloli.

I-Lambda probe design

Inzwa yensiza yokubopha iqukethe izinto ezilandelayo:

• Isidumbu somzimba. Ifakwe imiphetho ye-Turnkey ukuze kube lula ukuyifaka noma ukuyikhipha.
• I-O-ring evimba amagesi aqeda amandla ukubalekela i-micro slot.
• Umqoqi wokushisa.
• I-Ceramic insulator.
• Ama-electrodes lapho i-wiring ixhunywe khona.
• I-Wiring seal.
• Into yokushisa (izinguqulo ezifudumele).
• Ezezindlu. Kwenziwa umgodi kuwo lapho umoya ohlanzekile ungena ngaphakathi kwendawo.
• Ikhoyili yokushisa.
• I-dielectric tip. Kwenziwe kusuka ku-ceramics.
• I-tube yensimbi evikelekile nge-cosmetics.

Into eyinhloko yokwakheka yichopho le-ceramic. Yenziwe nge-zirconium oxide. Ibekwe ngeplatinamu. Lapho ichopho lifudumeza (izinga lokushisa lama-350-400 degrees), iba ngumqhubi, futhi i-voltage idluliselwa isuka ngaphandle iye ngaphakathi.

Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-lambda probe

Ukuqonda ukuthi yini okungaba ukungasebenzi kahle kwecala le-lambda, udinga ukuqonda umgomo wokusebenza kwawo. Lapho imoto isemugqeni wokukhiqiza, wonke amasistimu ayo ahlelwa ukusebenza kahle. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izingxenye zenjini ziyaphela, kungenziwa amaphutha amancane kuphiko lokulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi, olungathinta imisebenzi yezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi owoyela.

Idivayisi iyisici sohlelo olubizwa ngokuthi "impendulo". I-ECU ibala ukuthi ingakanani uphethroli nomoya ongawuhlinzeka ngamanothi amaningi okudla ukuze ingxube ishise kahle ku-silinda futhi kukhishwe amandla anele. Njengoba imoto ihamba kancane, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izilungiselelo ezijwayelekile ze-elekthronikhi azanele - zidinga ukulungiswa ngokuya ngesimo seyunithi kagesi.

Lo msebenzi wenziwa yi-lambda probe. Esimweni somxube ocebile, unikeza iyunithi yokulawula ngevolumu ehambelana nenkomba ye-1. Uma ingxube inciphile, khona-ke le nkomba izoba ngu +1. Ngenxa yalokhu kulungiswa, i-ECU ilungisa uhlelo lokulimala kumaphaneli enjini eshintshiwe.

Idivayisi isebenza ngokuya ngomgomo olandelayo. Ingxenye yangaphakathi yethiphu ye-ceramic ixhumana nomoya ohlanzekile, ingxenye engaphandle (etholakala ngaphakathi kwepayipi lokuqothula) - enamagesi aphumayo (ngokusebenzisa ukugcotshwa kwesikrini sokuzivikela) ihamba ngohlelo lokuqothula. Lapho ishisa, ama-ion oksijini angena ngokukhululeka esuka ngaphakathi kwangaphakathi kuya ngaphandle kwangaphandle.

Kune-oksijini eningi emgodini wezinzwa ze-oksijini kunepayipi lokuthela. Umehluko kulezi zinhlaka udala i-voltage ehambisanayo, edluliselwa ngocingo kuECU. Ngokuya ngokushintshwa kwamapharamitha, iyunithi yokulawula iguqula ukulethwa kwamafutha noma umoya kumasilinda.

Kufakwa kuphi i-lambda probe?

Inzwa ibizwa ngokuthi yi-probe ngesizathu, ngoba ifakwa ngaphakathi kohlelo lokuqothula, futhi irekhoda izinkomba ezingeke zihlaziywe lapho uhlelo lucindezelekile. Ukusebenza kahle kakhulu, izinzwa ezimbili zifakiwe ezimotweni zesimanje. Oyedwa ufakelwe ipayipi eliphambi kwesihlava, bese owesibili elandela umgudu wokuguqula izinto.

Uma i-probe ingekho kufudumeza, iyabe ifakwa eduze kwemoto ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ifudumale ngokushesha. Uma izinzwa ezimbili zifakiwe emotweni, zikuvumela ukuthi ulungise uhlelo lwophethiloli, kanye nokuhlaziya ukusebenza kahle kohlaziyo lwe-catalytic.

Izinhlobo nezici zokuklama

Kunemikhakha emibili yezinzwa ze-lambda probe:

• Ngaphandle kokushisa;
• Kufudumele.

Isigaba sokuqala sisho izinhlobo ezindala. Kuthatha isikhathi ukuwaqalisa. Umgogodla oyimbumba kufanele ufinyelele ekushiseni okusebenzayo lapho i-dielectric iba ngumqhubi. Kuze kube yilapho ifudumeza kuze kube ngama-350-400 degrees, ngeke kusebenze. Ngalesi sikhathi, ingxube kaphethiloli we-air ayilungiswa, okungenza ukuthi uphethiloli ongashiswanga ungene ku-catalyst. Lokhu kuzonciphisa kancane kancane impilo yokusebenza kwensiza.

Ngalesi sizathu, zonke izimoto zanamuhla zinezinhlobo ezifudumele. Futhi, zonke izinzwa zihlukaniswa zaba izinhlobo ezintathu:

• Amaphoyinti amabili awashisi;
• Ukushisa ngamaphoyinti amabili;
• I-Broadband.

Sesikubukeze ukuguqulwa kabusha ngaphandle kokushisa. Bangaba ngocingo olulodwa (isignali ithunyelwa ngqo kwi-ECU) noma ngababili (owesibili unesibopho sokusetha icala). Kuyafaneleka ukunaka kancane ezinye izigaba ezimbili, njengoba zixaka kakhulu ekwakhiweni.

Amaphoyinti amabili

Ezinguqulweni zamaphoyinti amabili ngokushisa, kuzoba izintambo ezintathu noma ezine. Esimweni sokuqala, kuzoba kukhulu futhi kususwe ukufudumeza Kuvunguza, bese kuthi owesithathu (mnyama) - isinali. Uhlobo lwesibili lwezinzwa lunomjikelezo ofanayo, ngaphandle kocingo lwesine. Lesi isakhi sokusetha.

I-Broadband

Ama-Broadband probes anezikimu eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zokuxhuma ohlelweni lwemoto. Inezintambo ezinhlanu. Umenzi ngamunye usebenzisa ukufakwa kwelebuli yabo ukukhombisa ukuthi yimuphi obhekele lokho. Imvamisa, omnyama uwuphawu, futhi ompunga ungumhlabathi.

Amanye amakhebuli amabili angamandla okushisa. Enye intambo ngocingo lokungena ngomjovo. Le nto ilawula ukugxilwa komoya inzwa. Ukupompa kwenzeka ngenxa yoshintsho emandleni amanje kule nto.

Izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kweLabda

Isibonakaliso sokuqala ngqangi sensor esinephutha ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela (kuyilapho izimo zokusebenza komshini zingashintshi). Kulokhu, ukwehla kokusebenza okunamandla kuzobhekwa. Kodwa-ke, le pharamitha akufanele kube ukuphela kwewadi.

Nazi ezinye "izinkomba" zesenzo esingafanele:

• Ukunyuka kokuhlushwa kwe-CO. Le pharamitha ilinganiswa ngedivayisi ekhethekile.
• Ukukhanya kwe-injini CHECK kwavela kudeshibhodi. Kepha kulokhu, kufanele uxhumane nensizakalo. Isexwayiso kungenzeka singasebenzi kule nzwa.

Inzwa ye-oksijini yehluleka ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Ukugqoka okungokwemvelo nokudabukisa.
• U-Antifreeze wamthola.
• Icala lahlanzwa ngokungalungile.
• Amafutha ekhwalithi ampofu (okuqukethwe okuphezulu okuphezulu).
• Ukweqile.

Izindlela zokubheka i-lambda probe

Ukuhlola impilo ye-lambda probe, i-multimeter yanele. Umsebenzi wenziwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

• Kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwangaphandle. Umoba womzimba wakhe ukhombisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ushisiwe.
• Inzwa inqanyuliwe kwisifunda sikagesi, injini iqala.
• Ithiphu kufanele ifudunyezwe ekushiseni okusebenzayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukugcina ijubane le-injini ngaphakathi kwezinguquko eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2-3.
• Oxhumana nabo be-multimeter baxhumeke kuzintambo zenzwa. Induku enhle yedivaysi ixhunywe kwi-wire wire (emnyama). I-Negative - phansi (i-grey wire, uma kungenjalo, khona-ke emzimbeni wezimoto).
• Uma inzwa isebenza ...

Ukufakwa esikhundleni nokulungiswa kwe-lambda probe

Kuthiwani uma inzwa ingaphandle kokuhleleka? Idinga ukushintshwa. Ayikakhiwa kabusha. Kuliqiniso, ezinye izingcweti zisebenzisa amaqhinga noma zivala inzwa. Kodwa-ke, izindlela ezinjalo zigcwele ukungasebenzi kahle futhi kuncipha kokusebenza kahle kwenjini yokukhanya kwangaphakathi.

Kuyadingeka ukushintsha inzwa ibe okufanayo. Iqiniso ngukuthi i-ECU ivumelana nemikhakha yensiza ethile. Uma ufaka ukuguqulwa okuhlukile, kukhona amathuba aphezulu okunikeza amasiginali angalungile. Lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni ehlukahlukene engathandeki, kufaka phakathi ukwehluleka okusheshayo komthamo.

Ukushintsha i-lambda probe kumele kwenziwe ngenjini ebandayo. Lapho uthenga inzwa entsha ye-oksijini, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi okwangempela kuthengiwe, hhayi i-analogue efanelekile kule moto. Ukungasebenzi kahle ngeke kubonakale ngokushesha, kepha ngemuva kwalokho idivaysi izoyeka ukusebenza futhi.

Inqubo yokufaka inzwa entsha ilula kakhulu:

• Izintambo ezivela ku-probe yakudala azixhunyiwe.
• Inzwa enephutha ayikavulwa.
• Kusha okusha endaweni yako.
• Izintambo zifakwa ngokuya ngokumaka.

Lapho ufaka inzwa ye-oksijini, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ungaklebuli imicu kuyo noma ipayipi yokuqothula. Ngemuva kokushintsha imoto, qala ubheke ukusebenza kwensiza (usebenzisa i-multimeter, njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla).

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ukusebenza kahle kwenjini yemoto kuncike kumingcele eqhamuka kuproca lambda iye ECU. Ukubaluleka kwe-sensor kuyakhuphuka uma uhlelo lokuqeda amandla lufakelwe isiguquli esinamandla.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Aphi ama-lambda probe? Inzwa iboshelwe kusistimu yokukhipha umoya eduze kwe-catalyst ngangokunokwenzeka. Izimoto zesimanje zisebenzisa ama-lambda probes amabili (enye ingaphambi kwe-catalyst enye ngemuva kwayo).

Yini umsebenzi wenzwa ye-lambda probe? Le nzwa iqapha ukwakheka kwegesi ephumayo. Ngokusekelwe kumasignali ayo, iyunithi yokulawula ilungisa ukwakheka kwengxube ye-air-fuel.