Yini iCardan Shaft: Izici Key

Wonke umnikazi wemoto enamasondo onke noma amasondo angemuva uzobhekana nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-shaft shaft. Le nto yokudlulisela ingaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu, yingakho idinga ukunakekelwa njalo.

Cabanga ukuthi yini into eyingqayizivele yomsebenzi wale ngxenye, lapho kusetshenziswa khona ama-cardan, ukuthi isebenza kanjani, hlobo luni lokuphazamiseka okukhona nokuthi ungayigcina kanjani?

Yini i-drivehaft

ICardan iyindlela edlulisa ukujikeleza isuke ebhokisini lamagiya iye ku-gearbox we-axle engemuva. Umsebenzi unzima ukuthi lezi zinqubo ezimbili zitholakala ezindizeni ezihlukile maqondana. Zonke izinhlobo zemoto zifakwe imiphini eyi-cardan shaft, amasondo ayo angemuva aholayo.

Ikhadi lokudlulisa lifakwe ohlelweni lokukhipha imoto futhi libukeka njengogongolo olude ukusuka ekudlulisweni kuya ku-ekseli langemuva. Inamajoyinti wokuhlangana okungenani amabili (elilodwa ohlangothini ngalunye), nakuma-node ane-offset encane yezimbazo - eyodwa.

Ukudluliswa okufanayo kuyasetshenziswa futhi ohlelweni lokuqondisa izimoto. Ihiveji lixhuma ikholomu yokuqondisa kugiya yokuqondisa eyi-offset.

Emishinini yezolimo, ithuluzi elinjalo lisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma okokusebenza okwengeziwe ku-shaft yamandla okususa ugandaganda.

Kusuka kumlando wokudalwa nokusetshenziswa kwekhadani

Njengoba iningi labashayeli lazi, amamodeli ezimoto zangemuva namasondo kuphela afakwe i-propeller shaft. Ezimotweni ezinamasondo ashayela ngaphambili, le ngxenye yokudlulisela ayidingeki nje. Kulokhu, i-torque idluliselwa ngqo isuka ku-gearbox iye emasondweni angaphambili. Kulokhu, u-gearbox unamagiya amakhulu, kanye nokwehluka (mayelana nokuthi kungani kudingeka emotweni, nokuthi isebenza kanjani, kukhona hlukanisa ukubuyekeza okuningiliziwe).

Ngokokuqala ngqá, umhlaba wafunda ngomgomo wokudluliswa kwamakhadi kusazi sezibalo, unjiniyela nodokotela wase-Italy uGirolamo Cardano ngekhulu le-16. Lo mshini, owaqanjwa ngaye, wasetshenziswa ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Omunye wabathuthukisi bezimoto bokuqala ukusizakala ngalobu buchwepheshe kwakunguLouis Renault.

Izimoto zakwa-Renault ezifakwe i-cardan drive zathola ukuhanjiswa okuthe xaxa. Isuse idiphu le-torque ngenkathi idluliselwa emasondweni angemuva, lapho imoto ingena emgwaqeni ongazinzile. Ngenxa yalokhu kuguqulwa, ukuhanjiswa kwezimoto kuye kwaba lula ngenkathi ushayela (ngaphandle kokudlikiza).

Emashumini eminyaka wezimoto zesimanje, umgomo wokudluliswa kwamakhadi uhleli ungaguquki. Ngokuqondene nokwakhiwa kokudluliswa okunjalo, kuya ngemodeli yemoto, ingahluka kakhulu kozakwabo abahlobene nabo.

Idivayisi yeCardan shaft

Umshini we-cardan ufaka izinto ezilandelayo.

1. Umgodi ophakathi nendawo. Yenziwe ngepayipi lensimbi elingenalutho. Igebe iyadingeka ukwenza lula ukwakhiwa. Kukhona ama-splines angaphakathi noma angaphandle ohlangothini olulodwa lwepayipi. Bayadingeka ukufaka imfoloko eslayidayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwepayipi, imfoloko ye-hinge ifakwe.

2. Umphini ophakathi. Ekuguqulweni kwamakhadi amaningi, kusetshenziswa eyodwa noma eziningi zalezi zinto. Afakwa ezimotweni ezihamba ngamasondo angemuva ukuqeda ukudlidliza okwenzeka lapho ipayipi elide lizungeza ngesivinini esikhulu. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, imfoloko yehinji elungisiwe imisiwe kuzo. Ezimoto zezemidlalo kufakwe amakhadi wesigaba esisodwa.

3. Ucezu lwesiphambano. Lokhu kuyinto ye-hinge enezikhwama, ngaphakathi lapho kutholakala khona inaliti. Ingxenye ifakwe emehlweni amafoloko. Idlulisa ukujikeleza kusuka kwimfoloko yokushayela iye kwimfoloko eqhutshwa. Ngokwengeziwe, banikezela ngokuzungeza okungavinjelwe kwemiphini emibili, i-angle yokuthambekela kwayo engeqi kuma-degree angama-20. Uma kwenzeka umehluko omkhulu, faka esinye isigaba esiphakathi.

4. Ukumiswa okwesikhashana. Kubekwe entabeni eyengeziwe yesigaba. Le ngxenye ilungisa futhi izinzise ukuzungeza kwe-shaft ephakathi. Inani lalawa mabhere lifana nenani lezingxenye eziphakathi.

5.Ukuslayida imfoloko. Ifakwa emgodini ophakathi nendawo. Lapho imoto ihamba, ibanga eliphakathi kwe-asi ne-gearbox liyashintsha njalo ngenxa yokusebenza kwezinciphisi ezishaqisayo. Uma ulungisa ipayipi ngokuqinile, ku-bump wokuqala kuzodingeka ushintshe enye i-node (leyo ezoba buthakathaka kakhulu). Lokhu kungaba ukuphumula emgodini we-shaft noma ukwehluleka kwezingxenye zebhuloho. Imfoloko eshelelayo islotshiwe. Ngokuya ngokuguqulwa, kungafakwa kushaft emaphakathi (imisele ehambisanayo yenziwe ngaphakathi kuyo), noma ibekwe ngaphezulu kwepayipi. Izikhala nama-grooves kuyadingeka ukuze ipayipi lizungeze ihinji.

6.Iimfoloko zamahinji. Baxhuma shaft emaphakathi kushaft Lesisemkhatsini. Imfoloko ye-flange inesimo esifanayo, kuphela efakwe endaweni yokunamathisela yonke indlela ngaphambili kwebhokisi lebhokisi, futhi kusukela emuva kuya ku-gearbox ye-axle.

7. Ukuhlangana okunwebeka. Le mininingwane ithambisa ukushaqeka kwe-gimbal lapho ishiya indawo yayo ngenkathi ishayela. Ifakwe phakathi kwe-flange ye-shaft yokukhipha ibhokisi kanye nemfoloko-flange ye-shaft emaphakathi yokuhlangana kwendawo yonke.

Wenza muphi umsebenzi?

Umsebenzi oyinhloko walolu mshini ukuhanjiswa kokunyakaza okujikelezayo kuma-axes asezindiza ezahlukene. U-gearbox ubekwe phezulu kune-ekseli langemuva lemoto. Uma ufaka ugongolo oluqondile, ngenxa yokufuduka kwamazembe, kungenzeka luziqhekeze, noma luphule ama-node ebhokisi nebhuloho.

Esinye isizathu sokuthi kungani le divayisi idingeka ukuhamba kwe-ekseli langemuva lomshini. Inamathele kuma-absorber absorber, ehla enyuka lapho ushayela. Ngasikhathi sinye, ibanga phakathi kwebhokisi no-gearbox ongemuva liyashintsha njalo. Imfoloko yama-slide inxephezela ukuguquguquka okunjalo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yi-torque.

Izinhlobo zokudluliswa kweCardan

Ngokuyinhloko, abashayeli abaningi bahlobanisa umqondo wokudluliswa kwamakhadi nokusebenza kokudluliswa kwezimoto ezihamba ngamasondo angemuva. Eqinisweni, ayisetshenziswa kuphela kule node yemoto. Isistimu yokuqondisa kanye nezinye izindlela ezixhuma ezingomakhelwane ngama-engeli ahlukahlukene zisebenza kumgomo ofanayo.

Kunezinhlobo ezine zamagiya:

1. i-asynchronous;
2. ukuvumelanisa;
3. i-semi-Cardan eguquguqukayo;
4. i-semi-Cardanny rigid.

Uhlobo oludumile kakhulu lokudlulisela nge-Cardanas i-asynchronous. Isicelo main ekudluliseleni. Kubizwa nangokuthi ukudluliswa okune-angular velocity hinge. Umshini onjalo uqukethe amafulethi amabili, axhumeke ngesiphambano ekhoneni elifanele. Izeluleko ezithwele ngenaliti zivumela isiphambano ukuthi sihambe kahle ngokusho kwesikhundla semfoloko uqobo.

Leli hinge linesici esisodwa. Idlulisa ukufundwa okungalingani kwe-torque. Okusho ukuthi, ijubane elijikelezayo lamasheya axhunyiwe lihlukahluka ngezikhathi ezithile (ngokuguqula okugcwele, ishaft yesibili ifinyelele phezulu futhi amahlandla amabili ngemuva kwe-shaft enkulu). Ukuze unxephezele lo mehluko, kusetshenziswa okunye okuhlanganayo (ohlangothini oluphambili lwepayipi).

Ukuhanjiswa kwe-asynchronous kukhonjiswa kanjani kuvidiyo:

Umsebenzi we-Cardan shaft. Shaft propeller shaft.

Ukuhanjiswa okuvumelanisa kufakwe nge-velocity ejwayelekile ehlanganisiwe. Abanikazi bezimoto ezihamba phambili ngama-wheel wheel drive bajwayelene nale divayisi. I-velocity ejwayelekile ixhumanisa umehluko ne isondo langaphambi kwesondo... Kwesinye isikhathi ifakwe ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezibiza kakhulu ezinamasondo amane. Kuqhathaniswa nohlobo lwangaphambilini, ukuhanjiswa okuvumelanayo akunangqondo, kepha kubiza kakhulu ukuligcina. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-CV kuhlinzeka ngesivinini esijikelezayo sokushefa kwezimbambo ezimbili nge-engela yokuthambekela kufinyelela kuma-20 degrees.

Igiya le-semi-Cardan eliguquguqukayo lenzelwe ukujikeleza imichilo emibili, i-angle of inclination yayo engadluli kuma-degree ayi-12.

Embonini yezimoto yesimanje, amadrayivu e-semi-Cardan aqinile awasetshenziswa kakhulu. Kuyo, i-hinge idlulisa i-torque lapho i-angle yokuthambekela kwezinsimbi ibuyiselwe emaphesenti amabili.

Kukhona nohlobo oluvaliwe futhi oluvulekile lokudluliswa kwe-cardan. Bahluka ngokuthi amakhadinali wohlobo lokuqala abekwa ngepayipi futhi kuvame ukuba neHinge elilodwa (elisetshenziswa kumaloli)

Ukuhlola isimo se-propeller shaft

I-Cardan kufanele ihlolwe kumacala alandelayo:

• Umsindo owengeziwe uvela ngesikhathi sokudlulelwa;
• kwakukhona ukuvuza kawoyela eduze kwendawo yokubheka;
• kungqongqoze lapho kuvulwa igiya;
• ngejubane, kuba nokudlidliza okwandisiwe okuhanjiswa emzimbeni.

Ukuxilonga kumele kwenziwe ngokuphakamisa imoto kwi-lift noma ngokusebenzisa amajacks (ukuthi ungakukhetha kanjani ukuguqulwa okufanele, bheka isihloko esihlukile). Kubalulekile ukuthi amasondo okushayela akhululeke ukujikeleza.

Nazi izindawo okufanele uzihlole.

• Ukushesha. Ukuxhaswa okuphakathi kanye nokuxhumeka kwe-flange kufanele kuqiniswe ngebhande le-washer yelokhi. Uma kungenjalo, i-nati izokhululeka, okuholela ekubambeni emuva nokudlidliza ngokweqile.
• Ukuhlanganisa okuhlanganisiwe. Imvamisa yehluleka, ngoba le ngxenye yenjoloba inxephezela ukuphuma kwe-axial, i-radial kanye ne-angular yezingxenye ezizovunyelwa. Ungahlola ukungasebenzi kahle ngokuguqula kancane ishaft ephakathi (ngasendleleni yokujikeleza nokuphambene nalokho). Ingxenye yenjoloba yokuhlanganisa akufanele idwengulwe noma ingadlalwa endaweni yokunamathiselwa ye-bolt.
• Ukuhamba ngemfoloko. Ukuhamba okwamahhala okwenziwa kule unit kuvela ngenxa yokugqoka okungokwemvelo kokuxhumana kwe-spline. Uma uzama ukuguqula shaft nokuhlanganisa kwelinye icala, futhi kunokudlala okuncane phakathi kwemfoloko nomgodi, khona-ke le yunithi kumele ithathelwe indawo.
• Inqubo efanayo yenziwa ngamahinji. Kufakwa i-screwdriver enkulu phakathi kwamehlo amfoloko. Idlala indima yomqwayizi abazama ukuguqula isheyi iqonde kwelinye. Uma kukhona ukubuyela emuva ngesikhathi sokuzamazama, isiphambano kufanele sibekiwe.
• Ukumiswa okuphathelene. Ukusebenziseka kwayo kungabhekwa ngokuthatha umgodi ophambi kwawo ngesandla esisodwa, bese kuthi ngemuva kwawo kungene enye bese kuwunyakazisa ngezindlela ezihlukile. Kulokhu, ukusekelwa okuphakathi kufanele kuqondiswe ngokuqinile. Uma kunomdlalo obonakalayo kusizalo, inkinga ixazululwa ngokushintsha okunye.
• Ukulinganisa. Kwenziwa uma i-diagnostics ingazange iveze noma yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle. Le nqubo yenziwa endaweni ekhethekile.

Nayi enye ividiyo ekhombisa ukuthi ungayihlola kanjani i-gimbal:

Imisindo esolisayo endaweni ye-gimbal, vibration, njll.

Insizakalo yeCardan shaft

Ngokwezincomo zabakhiqizi, ukuhanjiswa kwe-Cardan kwenziwa ngemuva kwamakhilomitha ayinkulungwane. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukubheka ukuhlangana okuhlanganisiwe neziphambano. Uma kunesidingo, buyisela izingxenye ezigugile zibe zintsha. Izigcawu ze-slide ze-slide zithotshisiwe.

Uma i-Cardan eneziphambano ezisebenzisekayo ifakiwe emshinini, kumele nayo igcotshwe. Ukuguqulwa okunjalo kunqunywa ubukhona begrisi elifanelana neziqalo ze-cardan (umgodi wokuxhuma isirinji kawoyela).

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-shaft shaft

Njengoba le ndlela isebenza njalo, futhi ibhekene nemithwalo esindayo, khona-ke ukungasebenzi kahle ngayo kuvame kakhulu. Nazi ezivame kakhulu.

• Uwoyela uvele emgodini we-Cardan shaft. Kuyadingeka ukuthi unake izitshulu zamafutha egiya. Zidinga ukushintshwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngenxa yokugqoka okujwayelekile kanye nokudabukisa. Izimpawu zomzimba ze-Elastic zilahlekelwa yizakhiwo zazo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi kuvela izikhala ezincane phakathi kwendondolo nebhokisi lokufaka. Uma ukuvuza kuvela endaweni yemfoloko eshelelayo, hlola isimo se-splines. Uma enobudlabha, ipulaki kufanele ifakwe esikhundleni.

• Ama-shicks ngesikhathi sokuthwalwa kwemithambo e-gimbal abangelwa ukubuyela emuva emalungeni. Uma ukudlala kwamahhala kuvela eziphambanweni noma ekuthambekeni kwentaba yokumiswa, khona-ke lezi zingxenye zithathelwa indawo ezintsha. Ukudlidliza kungenzeka ngenxa yokukhulula ukuxhumana okuxhumekile. Uma kwenzeka kwenzeka inkinga enjalo, kufanele uhlole ukuthi kufakwe umtshali phakathi kwe-nati ne-Mount. Lokhu kungcola kuvimbela umunyu ukuba ukhule ngaphansi kokudlidliza njalo.

• I-Squeaks uma ucindezela i-accelerator pedal. Bheka amahinge. Ngenxa yokuxhumana njalo nomswakama nokungcola, isithikithana sokwehluleka ukwahluleka. Uma ama-squeaks enganakwa, isiphambano sizokujamuluka kanye nokugoba kuyophuka.

• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-shaft drive sha vibrate. Kepha ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukulungisa lo mshini, kufanele uqale uhlole i-chassis. Ukulinganiswa kwesondo kwe-Imbalanced futhi kuholela ekudlidlizelweni ngesivinini esikhulu. Uma lo mphumela unyamalala lapho ushintshela kwelinye igiya, khona-ke i-Cardanan ayihlangene nalokhu. Nazi izizathu zokudlidliza ku-Cardan:
  • izindandatho zokulinganisa ezingalungile (ukugqwala noma ukuqhekeka);
  • ukucekelwa phansi kweziphambano;
  • ukulimala komgodi ophakathi nendawo noma ophakathi (ukuguqulwa kwepayipi kuholela ekulinganiselweni komshini);
  • izingxenye eziqoqwe ngendlela engafanele yomshini.
• Ukukhala kweCilongo. Kukhona isembozo ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa okuhlanganisiwe ngaphakathi kwepayipi, okuvimbela amafutha ukuba angangeni emgodini. Ukulungisa ukuwohloka, ipayipi lisikiwe, ikhava lithanjiswe endaweni yalo, bese ishubhu seligotshisiwe. Uma ngemuva kwenqubo kuvela indandatho yohlobo oluhlukile (kungathi kukhona itshe emgodini womgodi), kusho ukuthi ngemuva kokufaka insimbi enkulu kuhleli kuyo. Ikhefu ekusekelweni okuholayo kungaholela ekukhalaleni. Kulokhu, inkinga isuswa ngokufaka i-cardan entsha.
• Umsindo wokugaya uma uganwe ngegiya. Kwenzeka lapho kuthintana nomzimba wemoto noma nohlelo lokuqeda amandla.
• Ukukhala kwe-Cardan ngokwayo kungahle kube ngenxa yokwephula kokunamathiselwe kwesibonisi sedaka (uma sikhona). Ifakwe esisekelweni esiphakathi ukuze ivikele ukuthwala emanzini nokungcola. Uma indiva, kwanele ukuyishisela.

Ukuvuza kukawoyela

Kusetshenziswa igrisi ekhethekile ukuthambisa amalunga. Imvamisa, kumajoyini we-CV, amabhere enhlobo yenaliti, amalunga we-spline, kusetshenziswa i-grease ngayinye enezici ezidingekayo.

Ukuze ukungcola kungangeni emgodini wokuxubha noma wokujikeleza izinto, zivikelwe ngama-anthers, kanye nezimpawu zamafutha. Kepha maqondana nezingxenye ezitholakala ngaphansi kwemoto, lokhu kuvikelwa kungokwesikhashana. Isizathu ukuthi izembozo zokuzivikela zihlala zisendaweni yesenzo esinolaka somswakama, uthuli, nasebusika, nawo ama-reagents amakhemikhali, afafazwa emgwaqeni.

Uma imoto ivame ukuhamba ezindaweni ezimbi, khona-ke kunengozi eyengeziwe yokulimaza ukuvikelwa okunjalo ngetshe noma ngegatsha. Njengomphumela womonakalo, indawo enobudlova iqala ukusebenza ezingxenyeni ezijikelezayo nezinyakazayo. Njengoba ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwemoto, umphini ophephela njalo uzungeza, igrisi ekuwo iyashisa, futhi njengoba izimpawu zamandla kawoyela ziguga, ingavuza, okuzogcina kuholele ekuwohlokeni kwale ngxenye yokudlulisela.

Ukudlidliza ngesikhathi sokushesha nokungqongqoza endaweni yokuhlola

Lesi yisibonakaliso sokuqala lapho kunqunywa khona ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-propeller shaft. Ngokugqokwa okuncane kwezakhi ezijikelezayo emzimbeni wonke, zisakazeka emzimbeni wonke, ngenxa yalokho kunomsindo omnandi emotweni ngenkathi ushayela. Kuliqiniso, kwezinye izinhlobo zezimoto, lo mphumela we-acoustic uyisici esingokwemvelo ngokuphelele lapho kunqunywa khona ukutholakala kwephiko le-propeller ekudlulisweni. Lokhu kunjalo ikakhulukazi kwezinye izimoto ezindala zasekhaya.

I-Creak ngesikhathi sokushesha

Isikhwishikhwishi esivela ngesikhathi sokushesha kwemoto sinquma ukugqokwa kweziphambano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo msindo awunyamalali, kepha ukhulisa ngesikhathi sokushesha kwemoto.

Isikhwishikhwishi kule ngxenye sikhishwa ngamasondo anezinaliti. Njengoba zivikelwe okungenani emiphumeleni enolaka yomswakama, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuthwala kulahlekelwa ukuthambisa kwawo futhi izinaliti ziqala ukugqwala. Lapho imoto ishesha, bashisa kakhulu, banwebe, baqale ukudlidliza benze umfutho oqinile.

Ngenxa ye-torque ephezulu, isiphambano sinikezwe imithwalo esindayo. Futhi izinguquko ze-crankshaft azihambelani nejubane lokujikeleza kwamasondo emoto. Ngakho-ke, ukukhala kungavela kungakhathalekile ukuthi ijubane lemoto.

Izinkinga ezithwala ngaphandle

Njengoba sifunde kumcabango ongaphansi komklamo weshaft ohambisanayo, ukuthwala okungaphandle kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokuthwala enamasondo ayindilinga afakwe erosini. Ukuvikela ukuthi insimbi ingabhidliki ngenxa yokuchayeka njalo kuthuli, umswakama kanye nokungcola, ama-roller avikelekile ngezembozo zepulasitiki, futhi kukhona ugrisi omkhulu ngaphakathi. Ukuthwala kukodwa kulungiswe ngaphansi kwangaphansi kwemoto, futhi ipayipi le-cardan lidlula engxenyeni emaphakathi.

Ukuvimbela ukudlidlizela okuvela kuthubhu ejikelezayo ekubeni idluliselwe emzimbeni, kufakwa umkhono wenjoloba phakathi komjaho wangaphandle nebakaki elikhulayo. Isebenza njenge-damper ukunciphisa umphumela we-acoustic ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-driveline.

Yize ukuthwala kuvaliwe futhi kugcwaliswa ngamafutha angenakungezwa noma kufakwe enye indlela (igcwaliswa efektri ngenkathi kwenziwa ingxenye), umgodi ophakathi kwama-rosettes awuvaliwe. Ngalesi sizathu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kunoma yiziphi izimo imoto esebenza ngayo, uthuli nomswakama kungena ngaphakathi kokuthwala. Ngenxa yalokhu, kukhona ukuncipha phakathi kwamasondo kanye nengxenye elayishiwe yesokhethi.

Ngenxa yokushoda kokuthambisa (iyaguga kancane kancane futhi igezwe), ukugqwala kungavela kuma-roller ahambayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ibhola, elonakaliswe kakhulu ukugqwala, liyabhidlika, ngenxa yalokho kuvela inqwaba yezinhlayiya eziqinile zangaphandle ngaphakathi kokuthwala, zibhubhisa ezinye izinto zengxenye.

Imvamisa, ngokungaphumeleli okunjalo, kuvele umkhulungwane nomsindo. Le elementi idinga ukushintshwa. Ngaphansi kwethonya lomswakama namakhemikhali anolaka, ukuhlangana kweminyaka yenjoloba, kulahlekelwa ukuqina kwayo, bese kulandela ukuwa ngenxa yokudlidliza okungapheli. Kulokhu, umshayeli uzokuzwa ukungqongqoza okuqine okuqinile kudluliselwa emzimbeni. Akufanele ukushayela ngemoto enjalo. Noma umshayeli ezimisele ukubekezelela umsindo omkhulu kule ndlwana, ngenxa ye-offset enkulu, shaft ye-propeller ingalimala kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunakwenzeka ukubikezela ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zayo ezizophuka kuqala.

Imiphumela yokusebenza okungalungile kwe-cardan

Njengoba sesibonile, izinkinga nge-cardan zibonakala kakhulu ngomsindo owandayo nokudlidliza okuhloniphekile okuza emzimbeni ngenkathi imoto ihamba.

Uma umshayeli ehlukaniswa imizwa yensimbi nokuzola okumangalisayo, khona-ke ukungakunaki ukudlidlizela nomsindo onamandla ngenxa yesiphephetha segiya esigugile ngokuqinisekile kuzoholela emiphumeleni emibi. Into ebi kakhulu engenzeka ukuphuka komshayo ngenkathi ushayela. Lokhu kuyingozi ikakhulukazi futhi kuhlala kuholela ezingozini lapho i-shaft iphuka ngaphambili emshinini.

Uma kuvela izimpawu zezinkinga ze-cardan ngenkathi ushayela, umshayeli kufanele anciphise isivinini futhi amise imoto ngokushesha okukhulu. Njengoba ukhombisile indawo lapho imoto ima khona, kuyadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe ukuxilongwa okubonakalayo kwemoto. Nakhu okudingeka unake:

• Konke ukuxhumana okuhlanganisiwe;
• Ngokwesimo sokuthwala okungaphandle, ikakhulukazi kwisidambisi saso senjoloba;
• Ngokwesimo sama-flanges;
• Eziphambanweni;
• On the amakepisi eziveza.

Akunconyelwe ukuqaqa ishafu ngokwakho noma emgwaqeni (ukufaka enye ingxenye ephukile) noma egalaji uma umnikazi wemoto engenawo amakhono afanele. Ukulungiswa kweCardan kufanele njalo kuhambisane nokulinganisa kwayo, okungenakwenziwa ezimeni zokulungiswa komgwaqo.

Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, kufanele kubhekwe isimo sale ngxenye yokudlulisela. Ukuhlolwa kwezobuchwepheshe okuhleliwe futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukulungiswa kuyisihluthulelo sokusebenza okufanele nokuphepha kwanoma yiluphi uhlelo lwemoto nezinyunithi zalo, kufaka phakathi i-propeller shaft.

Ukususwa nokufakwa kwe-propeller shaft

Uma kuba nesidingo sokushintsha inqubo ye-Cardanan noma ukulungisa iyunithi yayo, kuzodingeka isuswe. Inqubo yenziwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

• ukuqina okusheshayo okuvela emashinini we-axle yangemuva kanye nomshini we-propeller akusuliwe;
• umgodi wehla;
• imigoqo yokuhlanganiswa kwenjoloba ayikavulwa;
• i-Cardan isuswe endaweni yokuhlola;
• intaba yokumiswa ayikavulwa.

Indlela elungisiwe noma entsha ifakwe ngokulandelana kwe-reverse order: ukumiswa, ukuhlanganiswa, ukufakwa kwebhuloho.

Ividiyo engeziwe ikhuluma ngokufihlakala okwengeziwe kokukhipha nokufaka i-gimbal:

UCardan shaft uzale | ukususwa kanye nokufakwa | esikhundleni se-flange

I-Cardan emotweni iyindlela elukhuni, kepha futhi idinga ukulungiswa ngezikhathi ezithile. Umshayeli udinga ukunaka ukubonakala kwemisindo engaphezulu kanyaka nokudlidliza. Ukuziba lezi zinkinga kuzoholela emonakalweni wezinto ezidlulayo ezibalulekile.

Ukuthola i-shaft shaft entsha

Uma kunesidingo sokushintshwa okuphelele kwe-propeller shaft, lapho-ke ukuthola ingxenye entsha kuyindlela elula. Into esemqoka ukuthi kunemali eyanele, ngoba lokhu kuyingxenye ebiza kakhulu ekudluliseni ezinye izinhlobo zezimoto.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa izinsiza zokuqaqa ngokuzenzakalela. Kepha kulokhu, udinga ukuqiniseka ukuthi inkampani ethengisa izingxenye ezisetshenzisiwe ithembekile futhi ayithengisi imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi. Kwezinye izindawo kunamafemu abuyisela izingxenye ezingaphansi kokuqedwa okunye futhi azithengise ngentengo engabizi, kepha ngemuva kwesikhathi esifushane lezi zinto zihluleka.

Kuphephe kakhulu ukusesha ikhathalogi yesitolo esiku-inthanethi noma lapho kuthengiswa khona - isitolo sezingxenye zezimoto. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi useshe ingxenye eseceleni ngokuya ngemininingwane ngqo yemoto (ukwakheka, imodeli, usuku lokwenziwa, njll.). Uma eminye imininingwane ngemoto ingatholakali, khona-ke yonke imininingwane edingekayo ingahlala itholakala nge-VIN-code. Ukuthi ukuphi emotweni, nokuthi yiluphi ulwazi mayelana nemoto eliqukethe, kuyatshelwa esihlokweni esehlukile.

Uma inombolo yengxenye yaziwa (ukumakwa kuyo, uma kunganyamalalanga ngesikhathi sokusebenza), ukusesha i-analogue entsha kukhathalogi kungenziwa kusetshenziswa lolu lwazi. Endabeni yokuthenga izinto zokuziqaqa, ngaphambi kokuthenga udinga ukunaka:

1. Isimo sezihlanganisi. Ukukhubazeka, ngisho nokuncane, kuyisizathu esenza ukuthi le ngxenye ingakufanele ukuthenga. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emigodini enjalo yamakhadi, ukwakheka kwayo okunganikeli ukufakwa kwe-flange;
2. Isimo semiphini. Yize kunzima ukubheka le parameter ngokubukeka, ngisho nokukhubazeka okuncane (kufaka phakathi ukungabi bhalansi) kuzoholela ekudlidlizeni okuqinile komphimbo, nokuwohloka okulandelayo kwedivayisi;
3. Isimo sokuxhumeka kwe-spline. Ukugqwala, ama-burrs, ama-notch nomunye umonakalo kungathinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-driveline;
4. Isimo sokuthwala okungaphandle, kufaka phakathi ukuqina kwengxenye yedamper.

Akunandaba noma ngabe i-gimbal ibukeka isebenziseka lapho kuhlukaniswa noma cha, kufanele ikhonjiswe kuchwepheshe. Uchwepheshe ngokushesha uyabona ukuthi i-gimbal yayiqondwa noma cha. Uma kwenzeka kulungiswa nale yunithi, uchwepheshe uzokwazi ukusho ukuthi ngabe isakhiwo sihlanganiswe kahle yini.

Futhi iphuzu elilodwa elibaluleke kakhulu. Noma uthenga umkhiqizo osetshenzisiwe, imikhiqizo embozwe yiwaranti (kungaba evela kumkhiqizi noma kumthengisi) kufanele ukunakwa.

Ividiyo ngesihloko

Ekugcineni, bukela ividiyo emfushane yokuthi yini ongayenza ukuze uvimbele umgodi wophephela ukuthi ungadli.

I-PROPELLER SHAFT KHONA AKUKHO UKUDIKIDEZA !!!

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Uphi umshini ophephela. I-propeller shaft iyigongolo elide elivela ku-gearbox eceleni kwesistimu yokukhipha imoto iye ku-ekseli langemuva. Idivayisi ye-cardan shaft ifaka phakathi i-shaft emaphakathi, iziphambano (inani lazo lincike kwinani lama-node phakathi kwemiphini), imfoloko eslayidayo enokuxhumeka okuhlukanisiwe, ne-thrust bearing.

Yini i-gimbal. Ngaphansi kwe-cardan kwakusho indlela yokudlulisa i-torque phakathi kwemiphini, etholakala engela elihlobene komunye nomunye. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa isiphambano esihlanganisa imiphini emibili.