Ukujova kwamanzi enjinini yemoto

Amandla emoto yisihloko esivame kakhulu emibuthanweni yabashayeli. Cishe wonke umshayeli wemoto uke wacabanga okungenani kanye mayelana nokuthi ungakhuphula kanjani ukusebenza kweyunithi yamandla kagesi. Abanye bafaka ama-turbine, abanye bafaka amasilinda, njll. (ezinye izindlela zamandla akhulayo zichaziwe kwesinye isibаthie). Abaningi abanentshisekelo yokushuna kwezimoto bayazi ngezinhlelo ezinikeza amanzi amancane noma ingxube yawo ne-methanol.

Iningi labashayeli lijwayele umqondo onjengokuthi isando samanzi semoto (kukhona futhi i- ukubuyekeza okuhlukile). Amanzi, acasula ukubhujiswa kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, ngasikhathi sinye angakhuphula kanjani ukusebenza kwawo? Ake sizame ukubhekana nalolu daba, futhi futhi sicabangele izinzuzo nezinkinga lapho uhlelo lokujova i-methanol yamanzi lukhona ophikweni lwamandla.

Luyini uhlelo lokujova amanzi?

Ngamafuphi, lolu hlelo luyithangi lapho kuthelwa khona amanzi, kepha kaningi ingxube yemethanoli namanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-50/50. Inomshini kagesi, isibonelo, ovela kumshini wokuhlanza umoya. Uhlelo luxhunywe ngamashubhu okunwebeka (kunguqulo yesabelomali kakhulu, kuthathwa amapayipi avela kudrophu), ekugcineni lapho kufakwa khona umbhobho ohlukile. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesistimu, umjovo wenziwa nge-atomizer eyodwa noma eziningana. Amanzi ahlinzekwa lapho umoya udonswa kwisilinda.

Uma sithatha inguqulo yefektri, khona-ke iyunithi lizoba nepompo ekhethekile elawulwa ngogesi. Uhlelo luzoba nenzwa eyodwa noma eziningi zokusiza ukunquma isikhathi nenani lamanzi afuthwayo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubonakala sengathi amanzi nemoto kuyimibono engahambelani. Ukushisa kwenhlanganisela kaphethiloli womoya kwenzeka kusilinda, futhi, njengoba wonke umuntu azi kusuka ebuntwaneni, ilangabi (uma kungewona amakhemikhali avuthayo) licinywa ngamanzi. Labo "abajwayelene" nokushaqeka okubangelwa injini, ngokusuka kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo, babeqiniseka ukuthi amanzi ayisithako sokugcina okufanele singene enjinini.

Kodwa-ke, umqondo wokujova ngamanzi awuyona into yokucabanga kwentsha. Eqinisweni, lo mbono cishe uneminyaka eyikhulu ubudala. Ngawo-1930, ngezidingo zamasosha, uHarry Ricardo wathuthukisa injini yezindiza yeRoll-Royce Merlin, waphinde wenza uphethiloli wokwenziwa onenombolo ephezulu ye-octane. lapha) yezindiza zomlilo zangaphakathi. Ukushoda kukaphethiloli onjalo kuyingozi enkulu yokuqhumisa injini. Kungani le nqubo iyingozi? ngokwehlukana, kodwa ngamafuphi, ingxube kaphethiloli womoya kufanele ishise ngokulinganayo, futhi kulokhu iqhuma ngokoqobo. Ngenxa yalokhu, izingxenye zophiko zingaphansi kwengcindezi eyeqile futhi zehluleka ngokushesha.

Ukulwa nalomphumela, uG.Ricardo wenza uchungechunge lwezifundo, ngenxa yalokho wakwazi ukufeza ukucindezelwa kwamasosha ngenxa yomjovo wamanzi. Ngokuya ngentuthuko yakhe, onjiniyela baseJalimane bakwazile ukuphinda kabili amandla wamayunithi ezindizeni zabo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kusetshenziswe ukwakheka kwe-MW50 (methanol wasser). Isibonelo, i-Focke-Wulf 190D-9 fighter yayinenjini efanayo. Ukukhishwa kwayo okuphezulu kwakungamandla wehhashi we-1776, kepha nge-afterburner emfushane (ingxube eshiwo ngenhla yafakwa kumasilinda), le bar yakhuphukela kuma-2240 "amahhashi".

Lokhu kuthuthukiswa akusetshenziswanga kuphela kule modeli yezindiza. Emkhakheni wezindiza waseJalimane naseMelika, kwakukhona ukuguqulwa okuningana kwamayunithi wamandla.

Uma sikhuluma ngezimoto ezikhiqizayo, khona-ke imodeli yakwa-Oldsmobile F85 Jetfire, eyaqhuma kulayini womhlangano ngonyaka wama-62 wekhulu elidlule, yathola ukufakwa kwefektri yomjovo wamanzi. Enye imoto yokukhiqiza enenjini ekhulisa ngale ndlela iSaab 99 Turbo, eyakhishwa ngo-1967.

I-Oldsmobile F85 Jetfire

I-Saab 99 Turbo

Ukuthandwa kwalesi simiso kwadlondlobala ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwaso ngo-1980-90. ezimotweni zezemidlalo. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1983, iRenault ihlomisa izimoto zayo zeFormula 1 ezinethangi elingu-12 litre, lapho kufakwe khona ipompo kagesi, isilawuli sokucindezela kanye nenombolo edingekayo yokujova. Ngo-1986, onjiniyela beqembu bakwazile ukukhuphula i-torque nokukhishwa kwunithi yamandla kagesi kusuka ku-600 kuya ku-870 amandla wehhashi.

Empini yokujaha yabenzi bezimoto, uFerrari naye akazange afune "ukudlisa ngemuva", futhi wanquma ukusebenzisa lolu hlelo kwezinye zezimoto zalo zemidlalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, umkhiqizo wakwazi ukuthola isikhundla esiphambili phakathi kwabaklami. Umqondo ofanayo wasungulwa ngumkhiqizo wePorsche.

Ukuvuselelwa okufanayo kwenziwa ngezimoto ezazibambe iqhaza emijahweni yochungechunge lwe-WRC. Kodwa-ke, ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-90s, abahleli bemincintiswano enjalo (kufaka phakathi u-F-1) bachibiyela imithethonqubo futhi bavimbela ukusetshenziswa kwalolu hlelo ezimotweni zomjaho.

Okunye ukuqhamuka emhlabeni kwe-motorsport kwenziwa ngentuthuko efanayo emincintiswaneni yokujaha umjaho ngo-2004. Irekhodi lomhlaba lamamayela lephuliwe yizimoto ezimbili ezihlukene, ngaphandle kwemizamo yokufinyelela ingqophamlando ngokuguqulwa okuhlukahlukene kwe-powertrain. Lezi zimoto zikadizili bezihlonyiswe ngamanzi amaningi.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimoto zaqala ukwamukela ama-intercoolers anciphisa izinga lokushisa kokugeleza komoya ngaphambi kokungena kokuphindaphindwayo kokudla. Ngenxa yalokhu, onjiniyela bakwazi ukunciphisa ingozi yokungqongqoza, futhi uhlelo lokujova lwalungasadingeki. Ukwanda ngamandla kwamandla kwaba khona ngenxa yokwethulwa kohlelo lokuhlinzeka nge-nitrous oxide supply (oluvele ngokusemthethweni ngo-2011).

Ngo-2015, izindaba zaqala ukuvela ngomjovo wamanzi futhi. Isibonelo, imoto entsha yezokuphepha ye-MotoGP eyenziwe yi-BMW inekithi yokufafaza amanzi yakudala. Esethulweni esisemthethweni semoto yohlobo olulinganiselwe, ummeleli we-automaker yaseBavaria wenze ukuthi ngokuzayo kuhlelwe ukukhipha umugqa wamamodeli womphakathi onohlelo olufanayo.

Ngabe umjovo wamanzi noma we-methanol uyinikeza kanjani injini?

Ngakho-ke ake siqhubeke sisuka emlandweni sizijwayeze. Kungani imoto idinga umjovo wamanzi? Lapho inani elilinganiselwe loketshezi lingena kokuphindaphindwayo kokutholwa (kufuthwa idonsi elingadluli u-0.1 mm), lapho lithintana nomuntu oshisayo, liphenduka ngokushesha libe yisimo segesi esinokuqukethwe komoya-mpilo.

I-BTC epholile icindezela kalula kalula, okusho ukuthi i-crankshaft idinga ukusebenzisa amandla amancane ukwenza i-compression stroke. Ngakho-ke, ukufakwa kuvumela izinkinga ezimbalwa ukuthi zixazululwe ngasikhathi sinye.

Okokuqala, umoya oshisayo unamandla amancane (ngenxa yokulinga, ungakhipha ibhodlela lepulasitiki elingenalutho endlini efudumele uyibeke emakhazeni - izoncipha ngokufanele), ngakho-ke umoya-mpilo omncane uzongena kwisilinda, okusho ukuthi uphethiloli noma udizili uphethiloli uzovutha kakhulu. Ukuqeda lo mphumela, izinjini eziningi zinama-turbocharger. Kepha noma kunjalo, izinga lokushisa lomoya alihli, ngoba ama-turbine akudala ahlinzekwa wukushisa okushisayo okudlula ezininginingi ze-exhaust. Ukufafaza amanzi kuvumela umoya-mpilo omningi ukuthi unikezwe kumasilinda ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komlilo. Ngokulandelayo, lokhu kuzoba nomthelela omuhle ku-catalyst (ngemininingwane, funda ngokubuyekezwa okuhlukile).

Okwesibili, umjovo wamanzi wenza ukuthi kwandiswe amandla weyunithi yamandla ngaphandle kokushintsha umthamo wayo wokusebenza nangaphandle kokushintsha ukwakheka kwawo. Isizathu ukuthi esimweni esivuthayo, umswakama uthatha ivolumu ethe xaxa (ngokusho kwezinye izibalo, ivolumu inyuka ngamahlandla ayi-1700). Lapho amanzi ehwamuka esikhaleni esivaliwe, kwenziwa ingcindezi eyengeziwe. Njengoba wazi, ukucindezela kubaluleke kakhulu ku-torque. Ngaphandle kokungenela ekwakhiweni kweyunithi yamandla nogesi ophendulwa ngamandla, le parameter ayinakwanda. Futhi njengoba isitimu sikhula kakhulu, amandla amaningi akhishwa emlilweni we-HTS.

Okwesithathu, ngenxa yokufafazwa kwamanzi, uphethiloli awushisi kakhulu, futhi ne-detonation ayakheki enjinini. Lokhu kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli oshibhile ngenombolo ephansi ye-octane.

Okwesine, ngenxa yezici ezibalwe ngenhla, umshayeli angahle angacindezeli isigwedlo segesi ngenkuthalo ukwenza imoto ibe namandla. Lokhu kuqinisekiswa ngokufafaza uketshezi enjinini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Ngaphandle kokukhuphuka kwamandla, ukusetshenziswa kwephethiloli akukhushulwa. Kwezinye izimo, ngemodi efanayo yokushayela, ukuminza kwemoto kuncishiswe kwaba ngamaphesenti angama-20.

Eqinisweni, le ntuthuko inabaphikisi. Imibono eyiphutha ejwayelekile mayelana nomjovo wamanzi yile:

1. Kuthiwani ngesando samanzi? Akunakuphikwa ukuthi lapho amanzi engena kumasilinda, imoto ihlangabezana nesando samanzi. Njengoba amanzi enobuningi obufanele lapho i-piston isesimweni sokucindezelwa, ayikwazi ukufinyelela esikhungweni esiphezulu esifile (lokhu kuya ngenani lamanzi), kepha i-crankshaft iyaqhubeka nokuzungeza. Le nqubo ingagoba izinduku zokuxhuma, yephule izinkinobho, njll. Eqinisweni, umjovo wamanzi mncane kakhulu kangangokuba isifo sokucinana asithinteki.
2. Insimbi izogqwala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lapho ihlangana namanzi. Lokhu ngeke kwenzeke ngalolu hlelo, ngoba izinga lokushisa kumasilinda wenjini egijima lidlula amadigri ayi-1000. Amanzi aphenduka isimo esivuthayo ngama-degree ayi-100. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kohlelo, awekho amanzi enjini, kodwa kuphela umusi oshisa kakhulu. Ngendlela, lapho uphethiloli usha, kukhona nenani elincane lomusi emagesi aqeda amandla. Ubufakazi obuncane balokhu ukuthi amanzi athulula ipayipi lokukhipha (ezinye izizathu zokubonakala kwalo zichaziwe lapha).
3. Lapho amanzi evela emafutheni, uwoyela uyagcwala. Nakulokhu, inani lamanzi afafazwayo mancane kakhulu kangangokuthi alinakukwazi ukungena ekhrankcase. Ngokushesha iba yigesi ekhishwayo kanye ne-exhaust.
4. Umusi oshisayo uqeda ifilimu kawoyela, ubangele ukuthi iyunithi yamandla ibambe isigaxa. Eqinisweni, umusi noma amanzi awancibiliki uwoyela. I-solvent yangempela kunazo zonke uphethiloli nje, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ifilimu kawoyela ihlala amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha.

Ake sibone ukuthi lusebenza kanjani ucingo lokufafaza amanzi emotweni.

Isebenza kanjani uhlelo lokujova amanzi

Ezingxenyeni zamandla zesimanje ezifakwe kulolu hlelo, izinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhithi zingafakwa. Kokunye, kusetshenziswa umbhobho owodwa, otholakala kokungenayo okuphindwe kaningi ngaphambi kokuhlukaniswa. Okunye ukuguqulwa kusebenzisa imijovo eminingi yohlobo umjovo wasatshalaliswa.

Indlela elula yokufaka uhlelo olunjalo ukufaka ithangi lamanzi elihlukile lapho kuzofakwa khona ipompo kagesi. Kuxhunywe kuye ishubhu, lapho kuzofakwa khona uketshezi kwisifutho. Lapho injini ifinyelela izinga lokushisa elifiselekayo (kuchazwa izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi kwesinye isihloko), umshayeli uqala ukufafaza ukudala inkungu emanzi kokuphindaphindwayo kokudla.

Ukufakwa okulula kakhulu kungafakwa ngisho nenjini ye-carburetor. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye umuntu akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwesimanje sepheshana lokungenisa. Kulokhu, uhlelo lilawulwa egumbini lomgibeli ngumshayeli.

Ezinguqulweni esezithuthuke kakhulu, ezitholakala ezitolo zokuhlenga ngokuzenzakalela, ukulungiswa kwemodi yokufafaza kunikezwa yi-microprocessor ehlukile, noma umsebenzi wayo uhlotshaniswa nezimpawu ezivela ku-ECU. Kulokhu, uzodinga ukusebenzisa izinsiza zombane ozenzakalelayo ukufaka uhlelo.

Idivayisi yesistimu yesifutho yesimanje ifaka izinto ezilandelayo:

• Iphampu kagesi ehlinzeka ingcindezi efinyelela ku-10 bar;
• Imibhobho eyodwa noma eminingana yokufafaza amanzi (inombolo yabo incike kudivayisi yohlelo lonke kanye nomgomo wokusabalalisa ukugeleza okumanzi phezu kwamasilinda);
• Isilawuli yi-microprocessor elawula isikhathi nenani lomjovo wamanzi. Iphampu ixhunywe kuyo. Ngenxa yalesi sakhi, kuqinisekiswa isilinganiso esisheshayo sokunemba okuphezulu. Ama-algorithms ashumekwe kuma-microprocessor athile avumela isistimu ukuthi izivumelanise ngokuzenzakalela nezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza kwunithi yamandla;
• Ithangi lokuthi uketshezi lufuthwe kaningi;
• Inzwa yezinga etholakala kuleli thangi;
• Amapayipi obude obufanele nokufakwa okufanele.

Uhlelo lusebenza ngokwalo mgomo. Isilawuli somjovo sithola amasiginali kunzwa yokugeleza komoya (ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngokusebenza kwayo nokungasebenzi kahle kwayo, funda lapha). Ngokuya ngale datha, kusetshenziswa ama-algorithm afanele, i-microprocessor ibala isikhathi nenani loketshezi olufuthwayo. Ngokuya ngokuguqulwa kwesistimu, umlomo wombhobho ungenziwa nje ngesimo somkhono nge-atomizer ezacile kakhulu.

Izinhlelo eziningi zesimanje zivele zinikeze isignali yokuvula / yokuvala ipompo. Kumakhithi abiza kakhulu, kune-valve ekhethekile eshintsha umthamo, kepha ezimweni eziningi ayisebenzi kahle. Ngokuyinhloko, isilawuli senziwa lapho imoto ifinyelela ku-3000 rpm. futhi nokuningi. Ngaphambi kokufaka ukufakwa okunjalo emotweni yakho, udinga ukunaka ukuthi iningi labakhiqizi lixwayisa ngokusebenza okungalungile kohlelo kwezinye izimoto. Akekho ozohlinzeka ngohlu olunemininingwane, ngoba konke kuncike kumapharamitha ngamanye weyunithi yamandla.

Yize umsebenzi oyinhloko womjovo wamanzi ukwandisa amandla enjini, usetshenziswa ikakhulu njenge-intercooler ukupholisa ukugeleza komoya okuvela kuphephela oshisayo obomvu.

Ngaphezu kokukhuphula ukukhishwa kwenjini, abaningi banesiqiniseko sokuthi umjovo uphinde uhlanze indawo yokusebenza yesilinda nepheshana lokukhipha. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ukutholakala kwesitimu ku-exhaust kudala ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okunciphisa ezinye izinto ezinobuthi, kepha kulokhu, imoto ngeke idinge into efana ne-automobile catalyst noma uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwe-AdBlue, ongafunda ngalo . lapha.

Ukumpompa amanzi kunomthelela kuphela ezinjinini eziphakeme zenjini (kufanele kufudunyezwe kahle futhi ukugeleza komoya kufanele kusheshe ukuze umswakama ungene ngokushesha kumasilinda), futhi ngezinga elikhulu kumayunithi kagesi afakwa turbocharged. Le nqubo inikeza i-torque eyengeziwe nokukhuphuka okuncane kwamandla.

Uma injini ngokwemvelo ifisa, khona-ke ngeke ibe namandla amakhulu kakhulu, kodwa nakanjani ngeke ihlupheke ngenxa yokuqhuma. Ngenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi evuthayo, umjovo wamanzi ofakwe phambi kwensimbi enkulu kuzokhulisa ukusebenza kahle ngokunciphisa izinga lokushisa lomoya ongenayo. Futhi ngomphumela omkhulu nakakhulu, uhlelo olunjalo lusebenzisa inhlanganisela eshiwo ngaphambili yamanzi ne-methanol ngesilinganiso se-50x50.

Izinzuzo nokungalungi

Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lokujova amanzi likuvumela ukuthi:

• Ukushisa komoya okungenayo;
• Nikeza ukupholisa okungeziwe kwezinto zekamelo lomlilo;
• Uma kusetshenziswa uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephansi (i-octane ephansi), ukufafaza amanzi kwandisa ukumelana nenjini;
• Ukusebenzisa imodi yokushayela efanayo kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokuguquguquka okufanayo, imoto ikhipha ukungcola okuncane (impela, lokhu akusebenzi kangako ukuthi imoto ingenza ngaphandle kwesixazululi nezinye izinhlelo zokwehlisa amagesi anobuthi);
• Hhayi ukukhulisa amandla kuphela, kodwa futhi kwenza imoto ijike nge-torque inyuke ngamaphesenti angama-25-30;
• Ngokwezinga elithile hlanza izakhi zohlelo lokungenisa nokukhipha injini;
• Thuthukisa impendulo ye-throttle nokuphendula kwe-pedal;
• Letha i-turbine ekusebenzeni kwengcindezi ngejubane eliphansi lenjini.

Yize kunezinto eziningi eziwusizo, umjovo wamanzi awufaneleki ezimotweni ezijwayelekile, futhi kunezizathu eziningi ezinhle zokuthi kungani abenzi bezimoto bengakusebenzisi ezimotweni zokukhiqiza. Iningi lazo kungenxa yokuthi uhlelo lunemvelaphi yezemidlalo. Emhlabeni we-motorsport, umnotho kaphethiloli awunakwa kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kufinyelela kumalitha angama-20 ngekhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi injini ivame ukulethwa ngejubane eliphezulu, futhi umshayeli ucindezela njalo igesi ize ime. Kule modi kuphela, umphumela womjovo uyabonakala.

Ngakho-ke, nazi izinkinga ezinkulu zohlelo:

• Njengoba ukufakwa bekuhloselwe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezimoto zezemidlalo, lokhu kuthuthukiswa kusebenza kuphela ngamandla amakhulu. Lapho nje imoto ifinyelela kuleli zinga, isilawuli silungisa lesi sikhathi bese sijova amanzi. Ngalesi sizathu, ukuze ukufakwa kusebenze kahle, imoto kufanele isebenze ngemodi yezemidlalo. Ngezinye revs ongaphakeme, injini kungaba "brooding" ngaphezulu.
• Umjovo wamanzi wenziwa ngokubambezeleka okuthile. Okokuqala, imoto ingena kumodi yamandla, i-algorithm ehambisanayo iyasebenza ku-microprocessor, futhi kuthunyelwa isiginali kupompo ukuvula. Iphampu kagesi iqala ukumpompa uketshezi kulayini, futhi kuphela ngemuva kwalokho umlomo uqala ukufafaza. Ngokuya ngokuguqulwa kwesistimu, konke lokhu kungathatha cishe i-millisecond eyodwa. Uma imoto ihamba ngemodi ethulile, khona-ke ukufafaza ngeke kube namphumela nhlobo.
• Ezinguqulweni ezinombhobho owodwa, akunakwenzeka ukulawula ukuthi umswakama ongena kangakanani kusilinda esithile. Ngalesi sizathu, ngaphandle kwethiyori enhle, ukuzijwayeza kuvame ukukhombisa ukusebenza kwezimoto okungazinzile, ngisho nangokuphenduka okuvuleke ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungenxa yezimo zokushisa ezihlukile "ezimbizeni" ezingazodwana.
• Ebusika, uhlelo aludingi ukufaka uphethiloli hhayi ngamanzi kuphela, kodwa nange-methanol. Kulesi simo kuphela, noma kubanda, uketshezi luzonikezwa ngokukhululekile kumqoqi.
• Ukuze kuphephe imoto, amanzi afakiwe kufanele akhishwe, futhi lokhu kungukuchitha okwengeziwe. Uma usebenzisa amanzi ompompi ajwayelekile, maduze nje amadiphozi e-lime azoqoqana ezindongeni zezindawo zokuxhumana (njengesikali eseketeleni). Ukuba khona kwezinhlayiya eziqinile zangaphandle emotweni kugcwele ukonakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kweyunithi. Ngalesi sizathu, kufanele kusetshenziswe i-distillate. Uma kuqhathaniswa nomnotho kaphethiloli ongabalulekile (imoto ejwayelekile ayihloselwe ukusebenza njalo kwimodi yezemidlalo, futhi umthetho uyakwenqabela lokhu emigwaqeni yomphakathi), ukufakwa uqobo, ukugcinwa kwayo nokusetshenziswa kwe-distillate (nasebusika - ingxube yamanzi neMethanol) ayinasisekelo kwezomnotho ...

Eqinisweni, okunye ukushiyeka kungalungiswa. Isibonelo, ukuze iyunithi yamandla isebenze kahle nge-rpm ephezulu noma ngomthwalo omkhulu nge-rpm ephansi, kungafakwa uhlelo lokujovwa ngamanzi oluhanjisiwe. Kulokhu, kuzofakwa imijovo, eyodwa yokuphindaphindeka kokudla ngakunye, njengakwisistimu efanayo kaphethiloli.

Kodwa-ke, intengo yokufakwa okunjalo inyuka kakhulu hhayi kuphela ngenxa yezakhi ezingeziwe. Iqiniso ngukuthi ukujova umswakama kunengqondo kuphela esimweni sokuhamba komoya. Lapho i-valve yokungenisa (noma eziningana ezimweni ezithile zokulungiswa kwenjini) ivaliwe, futhi lokhu kwenzeka imijikelezo emithathu, umoya wepayipi awunyakazi.

Ukuvimbela amanzi agelezele kumqoqi ngeze (uhlelo aluhlinzeki ngokususwa komswakama oweqile oqoqana ezindongeni zomqoqi), isilawuli kufanele sinqume ukuthi yisiphi isikhathi futhi yimuphi umbhobho othile okufanele uqale ukusebenza. Lokhu kusetha okuyinkimbinkimbi kudinga i-Hardware ebizayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokwanda okungabalulekile kwamandla emoto ejwayelekile, izindleko ezinjalo azifanelekile.

Vele, ibhizinisi lawo wonke umuntu ukufaka uhlelo olunjalo emotweni yakho noma cha. Sibheke kokubili ubuhle nobubi bomklamo onjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, siphakamisa ukuthi ubuke inkulumo yevidiyo eningiliziwe yokuthi umjovo wamanzi usebenza kanjani:

Umbono wenjini yomlilo wangaphakathi: umjovo wamanzi emgodini wokungenisa

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Iyini i-Methanol Injection? Lona umjovo wenani elincane lamanzi noma i-methanol enjinini egijimayo. Lokhu kwandisa ukumelana nokuqhunyiswa kukaphethiloli ompofu, kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi, kwandisa i-torque namandla enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi.

Ngowani umjovo wamanzi we-methanol? Umjovo we-methanol upholisa umoya odonswa injini futhi wehlise amathuba okuthi injini ingqongqoze. Lokhu kwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwemoto ngenxa yomthamo omkhulu wokushisa wamanzi.

Lusebenza kanjani uhlelo lweVodomethanol? Kuncike ekuguqulweni kwesistimu. Okusebenza kahle kakhulu kuhambisana nama-injection kaphethiloli. Kuye ngomthwalo wabo, i-methanol yamanzi ijovwa.

I-Vodomethanol isetshenziselwa ini? Le nto yayisetshenziswa eSoviet Union ezinjinini zezindiza ngaphambi kokufika kwezinjini ze-jet. I-methanol yamanzi inciphise ukuqhunyiswa kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi futhi yenza ukushiswa kwe-HTS kwashelela.