Injini yamanzi isando - kuyini? Imiphumela kanye nesisombululo senkinga

Ayikho neyodwa imoto evikelekile esandweni samanzi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, imoto ezimweni eziningi izodinga ukulungiswa okubiza kakhulu. Kepha imvamisa lokhu akuwona umphumela wesando samanzi uqobo, kepha kulokho abashayeli abazama ukukwenza lapho bebhekene nalesi simo.

Ngakho-ke, ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe izingqinamba ezibalulekile ezihlobene nesando samanzi.

Siyini isando samanzi enjini?

Lesi yisimo lapho amanzi engena kwisilinda senjini kanye nomoya nophethiloli. Lokhu kwenzeka kuphela ngokudla okuphindaphindwayo - okuwukuphela kwendawo evulekele ukufinyelela mahhala kwezinto zangaphandle enjinini.

Amanzi angangena enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi ngezindlela ezimbili:

• Imoto ngejubane iwela echibini elijulile. Ngaphezu kwe-aquaplaning (lesi simo sichazwa esihlokweni esehlukile) inani elithile lamanzi lingangena kusihlungi somoya;
• Imoto ipake ezingeni eliphansi lendawo yokupaka engaphansi komhlaba, egcwele amanzi. Isimo esifanayo senzeka ezindaweni eziphansi zezindawo ezinamanzi amaningi.

Kwenzekani lapho amanzi engena kokuphindaphindwayo kokudla? Umshayeli ongalindele uzama ukumisa imoto. I-starter iphendulela ku-flywheel, indlela ye-crank yenziwa kanye nomshini wesikhathi. Amaphayiphu okudla ekhanda lesilinda avulwa ngokushintshana. Ngembobo, amanzi angena kwisilinda.

Ngenxa yezakhiwo zamanzi nobuningi bawo, i-piston ayikwazi ukuqedela isifo sokucindezelwa kuze kube sekugcineni. Kepha njengoba i-crankshaft iqhubeka nokujika, uketshezi olusekamelweni lomlilo luyaqhubeka lucindezelwa. Amaphayiphu avaliwe ngalesi sikhathi. Amanzi awanandawo angaya kuyo, futhi afuna iphoyinti elibuthakathaka. Njengoba inqubo yenzeka ngokushesha, ikhandlela liyathululwa bese isilinda sinamanzi ngaphakathi simile, kepha i-crankshaft iyaqhubeka nokuzama ukuletha i-piston kulowo mgodi kuze kube sekupheleni kwesifo sokucindezelwa.

Lesi yisando samanzi, hhayi nje ukucindezela okubushelelezi. Ngenxa yesenzo esisheshayo, izingxenye zemoto ziyahluleka. Lapha konke kuncike kulokho okuvele kube buthakathaka: ibhlokhi yenjini, induku yokuxhuma, ipiston noma i-crankshaft uqobo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko zesando samanzi

Nakhu ukuthi ungasho kanjani uma imoto ihlukunyezwe ngesando samanzi. Okokuqala, amazinga aphezulu wamanzi ahambisana njalo nalesi simo. Lokhu kungaba ukugcwala kwendawo yokupaka noma ukushayela echibini elijulile. Abanye abashayeli, bebona ukuthi amabhasi angaphambili awela kanjani umfula, bacabanga: "Ngiyaqaphela," kepha igagasi eliphambi kwehodo alinaki izifiso zomnikazi wemoto.

Kulesi simo, ukuma kwepayipi lemodyuli yesihlungi somoya kudlala indima. Abalandeli bokuhamba okungekho emgwaqeni ukuvimbela izinkinga ezinjalo, beka ukungena komoya ophahleni ngokubanzi.

Uma imoto ingena echibini elikhulu, futhi amanzi esecishe afinyelela onqenqemeni olungaphezulu lwe-radiator, lezi zinto ezilandelayo ziyizimpawu ezisobala zesando samanzi:

• Isihlungi somoya simanzi;
• Amanzi kumamojula amaningi wokungenisa;
• Ukusebenza kwemoto kuhambisane nokuphazamiseka ngejubane nokudlidliza okunamandla.

Okufanele ukwenze uma kwenzeka isando samanzi

Uma zonke lezi zinto zihlangana, kuzodingeka wenze okulandelayo:

• Siminyanisa imoto. Awukwazi ukuqhubeka. Kwezinye izimo, iyunithi enesando samanzi ngeke ime, kepha izoqhubeka nokusebenza, idale umonakalo omkhulu ngokwengeziwe;
• Siphakamisa i-hood, sihlole ukuthi awekho yini amanzi kusihlungi somoya. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi awekho amaconsi entweni yokuhlunga uqobo, kepha ikhubazekile. Lokhu kungaba futhi uphawu lwesando samanzi;
• Susa isihlungi bese uhlola umgodi wamanzi. Uma kunamaconsi ezindongeni zayo, khona-ke kunamathuba aphezulu okuthi ukusebenza okungazinzi kweyunithi kuhlotshaniswa nesando samanzi;
• Uma umswakama ukhona, kufanele ususwe. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngezinto zokumunca kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, indwangu yokotini noma i-napkin eyomile;
• Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukukhipha amakhandlela bese uzama ukuqala injini. Uma i-starter ijika kahle i-crankshaft, lokhu kuhle - i-injini wedge ayenzekanga;
• Emgwaqweni, ezinye izinqubo azinakwenziwa, ngakho-ke sibiza iloli lokuhudula noma sidonsele imoto esiteshini sezinsizakalo noma egalaji lethu.

Ku-workshop, siqaqa indlela yokungenisa bese siyomisa. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, ekuseni ngakusasa wonke amaconsi azoqoqeka endaweni eyodwa futhi ngesikhathi sokuqalisa kwenjini azodonswa ngempumelelo ngokugeleza komoya ungene kusilinda. Kusukela kulokhu, kwesinye isikhathi, noma nje lapho uthi nhlá, isando samanzi sakhiwa ngokungazelelwe kuyunithi elisebenzayo nelomile.

Ngenxa yalokhu okungenhla, uma umshini uthathe amanzi, kungaba ngcono uthintane nodokotela onguchwepheshe.

Imiphumela yesando samanzi enjini: isongela kanjani

Imiphumela yesando samanzi incike ekutheni angakanani amanzi angena emotweni. Uhlobo lweyunithi yamandla nalo alubalulekanga kangako. Ngakho-ke, injini kadizili isebenza ngokucindezela komoya okwedlulele, ngakho-ke, imiphumela iyoba mibi kakhulu, noma ngabe kunamanzi amancane.

Kubalulekile ukuthi iyiphi iyunithi ebisebenza lapho amanzi engena kuyo. Ngakho-ke, ngokungenzi lutho, injini izomane ime, ngoba i-crankshaft ibhekana nokumelana ngokweqile nokujikeleza. Uma imoto inqobe isibuko esijulile ngejubane elikhulu, izinduku zokuxhuma eziphukile noma ukubhujiswa kwamasongo kuqinisekisiwe.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, imoto kungenzeka ingami. Kulokhu, uma uqhubeka nokunyakaza, ingxenye ephukile ingabhoboza ibhulokhi noma imoto izomane ijamu.

Umphumela omncane kakhulu wesando samanzi ukulungiswa okukhulu kwenjini. Esimweni esibi kakhulu, ukushintshwa kwayo. Futhi uma imoto ibiza, le nqubo ifana nokuthenga imoto entsha.

Crankshaft umonakalo

I-crankshaft yenziwa ngezinto ezingamelana nemithwalo ebalulekile ye-torsional. Ngalesi sizathu, le ngxenye ayiphuli ngesando samanzi.

Uma, ngemuva kokuqaqa injini yomlilo yangaphakathi, ukutholwa kwesici kwatholakala, lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kweyunithi enezingxenye eziphukile zeqembu le-cylinder-piston. I-crankshaft wedge yenzeka lapho injini ishisa kakhulu nezingxenye zayo zikhubazekile ngenxa yomthwalo omkhulu.

Ngesikhathi "senhlokodolobha" yenjini, i-minder izokutshela kahle ukuthi kungani i-crankshaft iminyene.

Ukulungiswa kwezinjini ngemuva kwesando samanzi

Imoto egeziwe kumele ihlukaniswe ngokwengxenye. Ikhanda liyasuswa bese kuhlolwa isimo se-KShM. Amasilinda enjini ahlolwe ukuklwebheka. Kumele ucabange ukuthi ngemuva kokuqaqa ikhanda, kuzodingeka ubeke esikhundleni se-gasket (ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu, funda lapha). Uma umshayeli angena echibini elijulile futhi azama ukuphoqa imoto ukuba iqhubeke, khona-ke, kuzodingeka ukulungiswa okukhulu kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi.

Imvamisa kwenzeka ukuthi injini yahlushwa isando samanzi, kepha umshayeli akenzanga lutho. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, imisindo engaphandle ivele, kepha abanganakwa. Ngenxa yalokho, izingxenye eziphukile zensimbi zalimaza izinto ezisebenzekayo, futhi injini ayisebenziseki.

Ungasigwema kanjani isando samanzi enjinini?

Ezimotweni ezilula ezihamba kancane, into enhle kakhulu ukwehlisa ijubane ngangokunokwenzeka phambi kwedike. Lokhu ngeke kuvimbele kuphela isando samanzi, kodwa futhi kuvimbele ukonakala kwezinto ze-chassis zemoto. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi abantu bathi: "Uma ungayazi ifodo, ungangeni emanzini."

Uma imoto isetshenziselwa ukunqoba zonke izinhlobo zezithiyo ezingekho mgwaleni, kufaka phakathi amazibuko ajulile, kulokhu kulokhu abathandi abaningi be-offroad bafaka i-snorkel. Lesi yisigaxa sepulasitiki noma sensimbi esidonsa umoya ophahleni.

Uma ingekho indlela yokulinda isimo sezulu esibi, futhi kufanele ushayele imoto emigwaqeni emanzi, khona-ke kukhona umthetho owodwa obalulekile. Lapho isiziba sikhulu kangangokuba kungenakwenzeka ukusizungeza, sikhetha “okungajulile” kakhulu bese sishayela ngejubane eliphansi. Ukuhamba kancane kwemoto, kungcono - akukho gagasi elizokwakheka ngaphambi kwehodhi. Ngemuva kokuthi isithiyo sesinqotshiwe, kungaba ngcono ukuyeka njengendlela yokuvimbela bese ubheka isimo sesihlungi somoya.

Ngakho-ke, njengoba sibona, isando samanzi akuyona enye ibhayisikili labashayeli, kodwa ingozi yangempela engavinjelwa.

Futhi ekugcineni - ukuhlolwa kwevidiyo kokuthi isando samanzi sisebenza kanjani:

INJINI HYDRO SHOCK ku-100 km / h!

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Indlela yokunquma ukuthi kwakukhona isando samanzi enjini? Isihlungi somoya esimanzi (akubonisi ngaso sonke isikhathi lokhu), ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwenjini, ukudlidliza, kamuva nje imoto yangena emgodini ojulile (ngisho ne-hood yayimbozwe).

КIyini imiphumela ngemva kwesando samanzi enjini? Ngamanani amancane, amanzi aholela ekusebenzeni okungazinzile kweyunithi kuze kube yilapho ekhishwa kuyo. Ngobuningi obukhulu, kungabangela ukuguqulwa kwezinduku zokuxhuma, ngisho nokuwohloka kwe-block.

Yiziphi izimpawu zesando samanzi? Ngemva "ukubhukuda" okungathi sína injini imile futhi ingaqali, futhi imizamo yokuyiqala ihambisana nemisindo esabekayo (ukungqongqoza kwensimbi - ukuphuka kwenduku yokuxhuma noma ukuguqulwa kwayo).