Alfa Romeo

Okuqukethwe UmsunguliEmblemUmlando Wezimoto Zakwa-Alfa RomeoImibuzo Nezimpendulo: I-Alfa Romeo yinkampani yase-Italy ekhiqiza izimoto. Indlunkulu itholakala edolobheni laseTurin. Ubungcweti benkampani buhlukahlukene, bugxile ekukhiqizeni izimoto, amabhasi, izitimela, izikebhe, imishini yezimboni. Umlando wenkampani uhlehlela emuva ku-1906. Ekuqaleni, igama ngokwalo belingavumelani njengelamanje. Igama lokuqala alizwakalanga lilihle njengelamanje. Le nkampani yasungulwa ngu-Alexandre Darracq, usozimboni waseFrance onethonya owadala inkampani ye-SAID e-Italy ukukhiqiza izimoto ezinelayisensi ze-Darracq. Amamodeli okuqala aqala ukufunwa kakhulu futhi u-Darrac wanquma ukwenza ukunwetshwa kokukhiqiza nokumisa imboni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inkampani yabhekana nokuwa kwezimali futhi yathengwa ngo-1909 ngosomabhizinisi base-Italy ababeholwa umholi omusha u-Hugo Stella. Isakhiwo sokukhiqiza sahlelwa kabusha futhi igama elisha lanikezwa isitshalo se-Alfa. Imoto yokuqala eyakhululwa yayinenjini enamandla futhi yayinedatha enhle eguquguqukayo, eyayisebenza njengesiqalo esihle sokwakhiwa kwamamodeli alandelayo. Ngempela ngemva kokudalwa kwenkampani, imodeli yokuqala yemoto yadalwa, futhi ngokushesha inguqulo ethuthukisiwe yaba nengxenye emicimbini yomjaho. Futhi kwanqunywa ukubeka izimoto emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngo-1915, umqondisi omusha wenkampani, uprofesa wesayensi uNicola Romeo, uvela, eshintsha igama lenkampani ku-Alfa Romeo yesimanje. I-vector yokukhiqiza yayihloselwe ukudala imikhiqizo ngezinjongo zempi, kusukela kumayunithi wamandla wendiza kuya ezintweni zokusebenza. Wathola nezimboni ezikhiqiza izitimela. Inqubo yokukhiqiza yenziwa ngemuva kwempi, kwathi ngo-1923 uVittorio Jano wathatha isikhundla sonjiniyela wenkampani, lapho kwenziwa uchungechunge lwamayunithi kagesi. Kusukela ngo-1928, inkampani yabhekana nezindleko ezinkulu zezimali futhi yacishe yashabalala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, u-Romeo wamshiya. Kodwa ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, ibhizinisi lenkampani lathuthuka, intengo yezimoto yawa, futhi amamodeli aqala ukufunwa, okwaletha inzuzo enhle. Isigaba sokuthengisa sasungulwa, kanjalo namagatsha amaningi avulwa emazweni amaningi, ikakhulukazi emakethe yaseYurophu. Le nkampani ithuthuka ngokushesha futhi ikhiqiza amamodeli athuthuke kakhulu, kepha ukugqashuka kweMpi Yezwe II kwaphoqa ukuthuthukiswa kwenkampani ukuthi kume. Ngemva kokululama ekuqhunyisweni kwamabhomu abalulekile, ngo-1945 ukukhiqizwa kwasungulwa kancane kancane, futhi inkampani ikhiqiza amayunithi amandla ngezinjongo zezindiza nezemikhumbi, futhi kamuva, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto nakho kwasungulwa. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1950, inkampani ibonise amandla ezemidlalo ekudaleni izimoto zemidlalo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kanye nezimoto ezingekho emgwaqeni. Izimoto zithola ukuthandwa hhayi kuphela ekusebenzeni okuhle kwezobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi nokubukeka kwemoto, enobukhazikhazi. Ngo-1978, u-Ettore Masachese waba inhloko ye-Alfa Romeo, futhi ukubambisana kwasayinwa ne-Nissan. Kodwa ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, ibhizinisi lenkampani laqala ukwehla. Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-90s, ukunwetshwa kulindeleke ngenqubo eyandayo yesimanje. Kukhiqizwa amamodeli anezici ezintsha zesitayela, kanye nokuthuthukiswa okukhulu kwezimoto zesizukulwane esisha esidala. Umsunguli Umsunguli wenkampani ngu-Alexandre Darrac, kodwa inkampani ifinyelele umvuthwandaba wayo ngaphansi kukaNicolás Romeo. U-Alexandre Darrac wazalwa ekwindla ka-1931 edolobheni laseBordeaux emndenini waseBasque. Ekuqaleni waqeqeshwa futhi wasebenza njengombhali wamadokhumentari. Wabe esesebenza ekukhiqizeni imishini yokuthunga. Umshini wokuthunga awudalile waklonyeliswa ngendondo yokunakekelwa. Ngo-1891, unjiniyela wenza inkampani yamabhayisikili, ayidayisa maduzane ngemali enkulu kakhulu. Ube nentshisekelo ekhulayo embonini yezimoto nezithuthuthu, okwaholela ekusungulweni kweSocieta Anonima Italliana Darracq (SAID) ngo-1906 ukwenza izimoto. Ngemuva kwempumelelo yokuqala ekhazimulayo emakethe, inkampani yaqala ukukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwayo ngenkuthalo. Ngokushesha, lapho kufika uNicolas Romeo, inkampani yashintsha igama layo yaba yi-Alfa Romeo yamanje. Ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe I, uDarrak wenza isinqumo sokwesula. UDarrac ushone ngoNovemba 1931 eMonte Carlo. Umsunguli wesibili, uNicholas Romeo, wazalwa entwasahlobo ka-1876 e-Italy. Uthole imfundo neziqu ekukhetheni konjiniyela, imfundo yesibili efanelekile kulokhu okukhethekile okutholwe eBelgium. Lapho ebuyela e-Italy, wavula inkampani yakhe yokukhiqiza imishini yezimboni. Ngo-1915, wathola isigxobo sokulawula e-Alfa futhi ngemva kwesikhashana waba yedwa umnikazi. Uphinde wenza umsebenzi omkhulu wokwakha kabusha futhi washintsha igama laba ngu-Alfa Romeo. Ngo-1928 washiya isikhundla somnikazi wenkampani. UNicholas Romeo washona ehlobo lika-1938 edolobheni laseMagrello. Uphawu Idizayini eyingcaca yophawu lwe-Alfa Romeo ingeyokuqala futhi iyabonakala ngokushesha. I-emblem ngokwayo yenziwe ngendlela eyindilinga egcwele isakhiwo esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nesiliva, ngaphakathi kwayo kukhona omunye umbuthano lapho kukhona isiphambano esibomvu esinohlaka lwegolide, inyoka eluhlaza enohlaka olufanayo oludla umuntu kanye nombhalo ku. ingxenye engenhla yesiyingi se-Alfa Romeo yenziwe ngoqwembe oluphezulu. Ngeshwa, akwaziwa ukuthi kungani uphawu lubukeka kanje. Okuwukuphela kwenguqulo ezwakalayo kwakuyijazi lezingalo lomndeni wase-Italian Visconti onethonya elikhulu. Umlando wezimoto ze-Alfa Romeo Imodeli yokuqala kwakuyi-24 1910HP, ifakwe iyunithi yamandla yensimbi engamasilinda amane, kanti i-24HP ethuthukisiwe yabamba iqhaza ngokushesha kumcimbi womjaho. Amamodeli alandelayo kwakungohlobo lwe-40/60 HP nohlobo lwezemidlalo. Iyunithi yamandla enamandla yemoto yezemidlalo yenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukufinyelela isivinini esingu-150 km/h nokuthatha izindawo zokugijima eziwina umklomelo. Futhi ngo-1920, impumelelo kwaba iTorpedo 20HP, nayo eyazuza udumo ngemijaho ewiniwe. Ukufakazela ukuphakama kwezimoto zenkampani zemidlalo, i-8C 2300 yadalwa ngo-1930, ifakwe iyunithi yamandla kagesi eyisilinda enamandla angu-8 eyakhiwe ngokukhethekile ukwakhiwa kwe-alloy light.  Ku-8C 2900 ethuthukisiwe, izinkomba zobuhle nesivinini zazihlangene. Imodeli ithole isihloko semoto enhle eshesha kakhulu emhlabeni. I-Alfetta 158 yaphuma ngo-1937 inomzimba wokuqala kanye nomklamo. Uphinde wathola ukuhlonishwa okukhethekile ngenxa yeyunithi yakhe yamandla amancane futhi wawina imincintiswano yomjaho emhlabeni i-F1 kabili. (Okwesibili kwaba ukufaneleka kwale nguqulo yesimanje yemodeli 159). Amamodeli ka-50 kanye ne-Guiletta, nawo akhiqizwa ngawo-1900, nawo afakazele amandla awo amakhulu kwezemidlalo. 1900, ifakwe iyunithi yamandla angama-4-cylinder, futhi bekuyimoto yokuqala yenkampani ehlanganisa yonke into. I-AR 51 kwakuyimoto edonsa ngawo wonke amasondo emgwaqeni futhi yakhululwa ngo-1951. IGuiletta enejubane likhiqizwe ngamamodeli ezimoto ezimbili zemidlalo, i-SS ne-SZ, ebinamandla amakhulu. I-Alfa 75 ibiyimoto yezemidlalo enemizimba emibili futhi yabona umhlaba ngo-1975. I-156 kwakuyimodeli entsha yokuma ngenxa yesitayela sayo esisha futhi yaziwa njengomshini ngonyaka olandelayo. Imibuzo nezimpendulo: Ihunyushwa kanjani i-Alfa Romeo? U-Alpha akalona uhlamvu lokuqala lwezinhlamvu zesiGreki, kodwa isifinyezo (Anonima Lombarda Fabbrica Automobili) - I-Lombardy Automobile Joint Stock Company. Lusho ukuthini uphawu lwe-Alfa Romeo? Inyoka edla indoda iwuphawu lobukhosi baseViscontian (umvikeli ezitheni), kanti isiphambano esibomvu siyijazi lezikhali zaseMilan. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezimpawu kubhekiselwa kunganekwane yokubulawa kweSaracen (Bedouin) ngomunye wabasunguli beNdlu yaseViscontia. Imoto kabani i-Alfa Romeo? I-Alfa Romeo yinkampani yase-Italy eyasungulwa ngo-1910 (Juni 24) eMilan.