Umlando wohlobo lomoto we-Alfa Romeo

I-Alfa Romeo yinkampani ekhiqiza izimoto yase-Italy. Indlunkulu itholakala edolobheni laseTurin. Le nkampani igxile emvelweni ehlukahlukene, igxile ekukhiqizeni izimoto, amabhasi, izitimela, izikebhe, imishini yezimboni.

Umlando wenkampani uhlehlela emuva ku-1906. Ekuqaleni, igama ngokwalo belingavumelani njengelamanje. Igama lokuqala alizwakalanga lilihle njengelamanje. Le nkampani yasungulwa ngu-Alexandre Darracq, usozimboni waseFrance onethonya owadala inkampani ye-SAID e-Italy ukukhiqiza izimoto ezinelayisensi ze-Darracq. Amamodeli okuqala aqala ukufunwa kakhulu futhi u-Darrac wanquma ukwenza ukunwetshwa kokukhiqiza nokumisa imboni.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inkampani yabhekana nokuwa kwezimali futhi yathengwa ngo-1909 ngosomabhizinisi base-Italy ababeholwa umholi omusha u-Hugo Stella. Isakhiwo sokukhiqiza sahlelwa kabusha futhi igama elisha lanikezwa isitshalo se-Alfa. Imoto yokuqala eyakhululwa yayinenjini enamandla futhi yayinedatha enhle eguquguqukayo, eyayisebenza njengesiqalo esihle sokwakhiwa kwamamodeli alandelayo.

Empeleni ngemuva kokudalwa kwenkampani, imodeli yokuqala yemoto yadalwa, futhi kungekudala inguqulo ethuthukisiwe yabamba iqhaza emicimbini yokujaha. Futhi kwathathwa isinqumo sokubeka izimoto ezimakethe zomhlaba wonke.

Ngo-1915, kuvela umqondisi omusha wenkampani, uprofesa wesayensi uNicola Romeo, eguqula igama lenkampani laba yi-Alfa Romeo yanamuhla. I-vector yokukhiqiza yayihlose ukudala imikhiqizo ngezinjongo zempi, kusuka kumayunithi wamandla ezindiza kuya kwimishini. Uthole nezimboni ezikhiqiza izitimela.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza yenziwa ngemuva kwempi, kwathi ngo-1923 uVittorio Jano wathatha isikhundla sonjiniyela wenkampani, lapho kwenziwa uchungechunge lwamayunithi kagesi.

Kusukela ngo-1928, inkampani yabhekana nezindleko ezinkulu zezimali futhi yacishe yashabalala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, u-Romeo wamshiya. Kodwa ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, ibhizinisi lenkampani lathuthuka, intengo yezimoto yawa, futhi amamodeli aqala ukufunwa, okwaletha inzuzo enhle. Isigaba sokuthengisa sasungulwa, kanjalo namagatsha amaningi avulwa emazweni amaningi, ikakhulukazi emakethe yaseYurophu.

Le nkampani ithuthuka ngokushesha futhi kuthuthukiswa amamodeli athuthuke kakhulu, kepha ukugqashuka kweMpi Yezwe II kwaphoqa ukuthuthukiswa kwenkampani ukuthi kume. Ngemuva kokululama ekuqhumeni okukhulu kwamabhomu, ngo-1945, ukukhiqizwa kwasungulwa kancane kancane, futhi inkampani yakhiqiza amayunithi kagesi wezindiza kanye nezinhloso zasolwandle, futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto nakho kwasungulwa.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1950, inkampani ikhombise amandla ezemidlalo ekwakheni izimoto zezemidlalo ezisezingeni eliphakeme kanye nezimoto ezingekho emgwaqeni. Izimoto zithola ukuthandwa hhayi nje kuphela ngokusebenza okuhle kwezobuchwepheshe, kepha nangenxa yokubonakala kwemoto, enehaba.

Ngo-1978 u-Ettore Masachese waba yinhloko ye-Alfa Romeo, waphinde wangena ebudlelwaneni neNissan. Kodwa ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa, ibhizinisi lenkampani laqala ukwehla.

Ngama-90s okuqala kuhlelwa ukwandiswa ngenqubo yesimanje eyandisiwe. Kukhiqizwa amamodeli anezici zokuqamba ezintsha, kanye nokwenza ngcono okukhulu kwezimoto ezindala zesizukulwane esisha.

Umsunguli

Umsunguli wenkampani u-Alexander Darrac, kepha inkampani yafinyelela kuvuthondaba lwayo ngaphansi kukaNicholas Romeo.

U-Alexander Darrac wazalwa ekwindla ka-1931 edolobheni laseBordeaux emndenini waseBasque. Ekuqaleni baqeqeshwa futhi basebenza njengombhali wedokhumentari. Wabe esebenza ekukhiqizeni imishini yokuthunga. Umshini wokuthunga awenzile wanikezwa indondo yokukhathazeka.

Ngo-1891, unjiniyela wenza inkampani yamabhayisikili, ayidayisa maduzane ngemali enkulu kakhulu.

Wayenentshisekelo ekhulayo ezimotweni nasezithuthuthu, okwaholela ekusungulweni kwenkampani ekhiqiza izimoto iSocieta Anonima Italliana Darracq (SAID) ngo-1906. Ngemuva kwempumelelo yokuqala emakethe, inkampani yaqala ukukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwayo. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokufika kukaNicolas Romeo, inkampani yashintsha igama yaba yi-Alfa Romeo yamanje.

Ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe I, uDarrak wenza isinqumo sokwesula.

UDarrac ushone ngoNovemba 1931 eMonte Carlo.

Umsunguli wesibili, uNicholas Romeo, wazalwa entwasahlobo ka-1876 e-Italy.

Uthole imfundo neziqu ekukhetheni konjiniyela, imfundo yesibili efanelekile kulokhu okukhethekile okutholwe eBelgium.

Lapho ebuyela e-Italy, wavula inkampani yakhe yokukhiqiza imishini yezimboni.

Ngo-1915 wathola isigxobo sokulawula e-Alfa futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana waba ngumnikazi kuphela. Ubuye wenza umsebenzi omkhulu wokwakha kabusha futhi waguqula igama laba yi-Alfa Romeo.

Ngo-1928 washiya isikhundla somnikazi wenkampani.

UNicholas Romeo washona ehlobo lika-1938 edolobheni laseMagrello.

Isifanekiselo

Umklamo wezimpawu ze-Alfa Romeo uwuphawu lwangempela futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise ngokushesha izimoto zomkhiqizo.

Uphawu uqobo lwalo lwenziwe ngesimo esiyindilinga esigcwele isakhiwo esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nesiliva, ngaphakathi lapho kunesinye isiyingi lapho kukhona isiphambano esibomvu esinohlaka lwegolide, inyoka eluhlaza eluhlaza enezinhlaka ezifanayo ezidla umuntu nombhalo osengxenyeni engenhla yombuthano we-Alfa Romeo kwirejista ephezulu. Ngeshwa, akwaziwa ukuthi kungani uphawu lubukeka kanjena. Okuwukuphela kwenguqulo enengqondo kwakuyizingubo zomndeni onethonya kakhulu wase-Italy Visconti.

Umlando wezimoto zakwa-Alfa Romeo

Imodeli yokuqala kwakuyi-24 1910HP efakwe i-cast iron unit yamasilinda amane, kwathi i-24HP ethuthukisiwe yabamba iqhaza kulo mjaho.

Amamodeli alandelayo kwakungu-40/60 HP uhlobo lomphakathi nolwezemidlalo. Iyunithi yamandla kagesi yemoto yezemidlalo yenza kube lula ukufinyelela ejubaneni lika-150 km / h futhi uthathe izindawo eziwina imiklomelo. Futhi ngo-1920, intuthuko yaba yi-Torpedo 20HP, nayo eyathola udumo ngemijaho eyinqobile.

Ukufakazela ukuphakama kwezimoto zenkampani zemidlalo, i-8C 2300 yadalwa ngo-1930, ifakwe iyunithi yamandla kagesi eyisilinda enamandla angu-8 eyakhiwe ngokukhethekile ukwakhiwa kwe-alloy light.

 Ubuhle nesivinini kwakuhlangene ku-8C 2900 wesimanje. Imodeli ithole isihloko semoto esheshayo enhle emhlabeni.

I-Alfetta 158 yaphuma ngo-1937 ngomzimba wangempela nokwakhiwa kwayo. Uphinde wathola ukuhlukaniswa okukhethekile ngenxa yophiko lwamandla amancane futhi wawina imincintiswano yokujaha emhlabeni F1 kabili. (Okwesibili kungenxa yale nguqulo yesimanje ye-159).

Ama-50s kanye neGuiletta nakho kufakazele amandla abo amakhulu ezemidlalo. 1900, ifakwe 1900-isilinda amandla iyunithi, futhi kwaba imoto yokuqala yenkampani nge inani umugqa umhlangano.

I-AR 51 kwakuyimoto edonsa ngawo wonke amasondo emgwaqeni futhi yakhululwa ngo-1951.

IGuiletta enejubane likhiqizwe ngamamodeli ezimoto ezimbili zemidlalo, i-SS ne-SZ, ebinamandla amakhulu.

I-Alfa 75 ibiyimoto yezemidlalo enemizimba emibili futhi yabona umhlaba ngo-1975.

I-156 kwakuyimodeli entsha yokuma ngenxa yesitayela sayo esisha futhi yaziwa njengomshini ngonyaka olandelayo.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

U-Alfa Romeo uhumusha kanjani? U-Alpha akalona uhlamvu lokuqala lwezinhlamvu zesiGreki, kodwa isifinyezo (Anonima Lombarda Fabbrica Automobili) - I-Lombardy Automobile Joint Stock Company.

Lusho ukuthini uphawu lwe-Alfa Romeo? Inyoka edla umuntu iwuphawu lobukhosi baseViscontia (umvikeli ezitheni), kanti isiphambano esibomvu siyijazi lezikhali zaseMilan. Inhlanganisela yezimpawu ikhomba inganekwane yokubulawa kweSaracen (Bedouin) ngomunye wabasunguli beNdlu yaseViscontia.

Imoto kabani i-Alfa Romeo? I-Alfa Romeo yinkampani yase-Italy eyasungulwa ngo-1910 (Juni 24) eMilan. Okwamanje, umkhiqizo ungowe-FCA (Fiat Chrysler Automobiles) ukukhathazeka kwe-Italy.