I-VAZ

Okuqukethwe UmsunguliI-EmblemUmlando womkhiqizo wezimoto kumamodeli Umlando womkhiqizo wezimoto i-Lada waqala ngesikhungo esikhulu sokukhiqiza izimoto i-Avtovaz OJSC. Lesi ngesinye sezitshalo ezinkulu kakhulu ezikhiqiza izimoto eRussia naseYurophu. Namuhla le nkampani ilawulwa yiRenault-Nissan neRostec. Phakathi nokuba khona kwebhizinisi, izimoto ezingaba yizigidi ezingu-30 zahlanganiswa, futhi inani lamamodeli lingaba ngu-50. Ukuthuthukiswa nokukhishwa kwezinhlobo zezimoto ezintsha kube isenzakalo esikhulu emlandweni wokukhiqiza izimoto. Umsunguli Ezikhathini zamaSoviet, zazingekho izimoto eziningi emigwaqweni. Phakathi kwabo kwakukhona i-Pobeda ne-Moskvich, okungeyona yonke imindeni engakwazi ukuyikhokhela. Yiqiniso, ukukhiqizwa okunjalo kwakudingeka okunganikeza inani elidingekayo lezokuthutha. Lokhu kwenza abaholi beqembu laseSoviet bacabange ngokwakha umdondoshiya omusha wemboni yezimoto. 20 Julayi 1966 Ubuholi be-USSR banquma ukuthi kwakudingekile ukwakha isitshalo sezimoto eTolyatti. Lolu suku lwaba usuku lwesisekelo somunye wabaholi bemboni yezimoto yaseRussia. Ukuze imboni yezimoto ibonakale ngokushesha futhi iqale ukusebenza kahle, ubuholi bezwe banquma ukuthi kwakudingeka ukuheha ochwepheshe bakwamanye amazwe. Imoto yase-Italy i-FIAT, edumile eYurophu, ikhethwe njengomeluleki. Ngakho, ngo-1966 lokhu kukhathazeka kukhishwe i-FIAT 124, eyathola isihloko esithi "Imoto Yonyaka". Uhlobo lwemoto lwaba yisisekelo, okwabe sekwakhiwa izimoto zokuqala zasekhaya. Izinga lokwakhiwa kwe-Komsomol kwesitshalo lalilikhulu. Ukwakhiwa kwalesi sikhungo kwaqala ngo-1967. Imishini ye-giant entsha yezimboni yenziwa ngabasebenzi bamabhizinisi angu-844 e-USSR kanye nama-900 angaphandle. Ukwakhiwa kwemboni yezimoto kwaqedwa ngesikhathi sokurekhoda - iminyaka engu-3,5 esikhundleni seminyaka engu-6. Ku-1970 imboni yezimoto ikhiqize izimoto eziyisi-6 - i-VAZ 2101 Zhiguli. I-Emblem Uphawu lwe-Lada lube nezinguquko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Inguqulo yokuqala eyaziwayo yavela ngo-1970. I-logo yayiyi-rook, eyayibhalwe njengohlamvu "B", okusho ukuthi "VAZ". Incwadi yayisepentagon ebomvu. Umbhali walolu logo kwakungu-Alexander Dekalenkov, owayesebenza njengomakhi womzimba. Kamuva. ngo-1974, i-pentagon yaba i-quadrilateral, futhi isizinda sayo esibomvu sanyamalala., sathathelwa indawo emnyama. Namuhla, isibonakaliso sibukeka kanje: ku-oval kungemuva eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) kukhona isikebhe sesiliva esisesimweni sohlamvu lwendabuko "B", olufakwe luhlaka lwesiliva. Le logo yalungiswa kusukela ngo-2002. Umlando womkhiqizo wezimoto kumamodeli Ngakho, imoto yokuqala emlandweni womholi wesitshalo saseSoviet kwakuyimoto yeZhiguli VAZ-2101, eyathola igama elithi "Kopeyka" phakathi kwabantu. Ukwakhiwa kwemoto kwakufana ne-FIAT-124. Isici esihlukile semoto kwakuyimininingwane yokukhiqizwa kwasekhaya. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, yayinokwehluka okungaba ngu-800 kumodeli yangaphandle. Yayifakwe izigubhu, kwandiswa indawo yokuphuma, izingxenye ezinjengomzimba nokumiswa kwaqiniswa. Lokhu kwavumela imoto ukuba ivumelane nezimo zomgwaqo kanye nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Imoto yayinenjini ye-carburetor, enezinketho ezimbili zamandla: 64 no-69 amahhashi. Ijubane lo modeli lingase lithuthuke libe ngu-142 no-148 km / h, liphuthuma kumakhilomitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana engaphansi kuka-20. Yiqiniso, imoto yayidinga ukuthuthukiswa. Le moto iphawule ukuqala kochungechunge lwe-Classic. Ukukhishwa kwayo kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngu-1988. Sekukonke, emlandweni wokukhishwa kwale moto, cishe izigidi ezi-5 ze-sedan kuzo zonke izinguquko ziphuma emgqeni womhlangano. Imoto yesibili - Vaz-2101 - yavela ngo-1972. Kwakuyikhophi yesimanje Vaz-2101, kodwa ezingemuva-wheel drive. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-trunk yemoto isibe ivulekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo emakethe imodeli enamandla kakhulu ye-VAZ-2103 yavela, eyayivele ithunyelwe futhi yayibizwa ngokuthi i-Lada 1500. Le moto inenjini engu-1,5 litre, amandla ayo angu-77 amahhashi. Imoto yakwazi ukusheshisa ku-152 km / h, futhi yafinyelela ku-100 km / h ngemizuzwana engu-16. Lokhu kwenze imoto yakwazi ukuncintisana emakethe yangaphandle. I-trunk yemoto yayisikwe ngopulasitiki, kwethulwa nokuvala umsindo. Phakathi neminyaka engu-12 yokukhiqizwa kwe-VAZ-2103, umenzi ukhiqize izimoto ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1,3. Kusuka ku-1976 I-Togliatti Automobile Plant ikhiphe imodeli entsha - i-VAZ-2106. okuthiwa "eziyisithupha". Le moto yaduma kakhulu ngesikhathi sayo. Injini yemoto kwaba 1,6-litre, amandla 75 amahhashi. imoto ithuthukiswe isivinini kufika ku-152 km / h. "Ayisithupha" athole izinto ezintsha zangaphandle, okuhlanganisa amasignali aphendukayo, kanye ne-grill ye-ventilation. Isici salo modeli ubukhona beswishi yewasha yomshini wokuwasha efakwe ngamasondo esiteringi, kanye ne-alamu. Bekukhona ne-low brake fluid level indicator, kanye ne-deshboard lighting rheostat. Ezinguqukweni ezilandelayo "eziyisithupha", kwase kukhona kakade umsakazo, izibani zenkungu, ne-heater yefasitela elingemuva. Imoto elandelayo ethandwayo ekhiqizwa isitshalo se-Togliatti kwakuyi-VAZ-2121 noma i-Niva SUV. Imodeli ibidonsa ngawo wonke amasondo, inenjini engu-1,6 litre, kanye ne-chassis yozimele. U-gearbox wemoto usuphenduke onamagiya amane. Imoto yaba yi-export. Amaphesenti angama-50 amayunithi akhiqiziwe athengiswa emakethe yangaphandle. Ku-1978 eBrno embukisweni wamazwe ngamazwe, le modeli yaqashelwa njengehamba phambili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-VAZ-2121 ikhishwe enguqulweni ekhethekile enenjini engu-1,3-litre, futhi inguqulo yokuthekelisa kwesokudla nayo yavela. Kusukela ngo-1979 kuya ku-2010 I-AvtoVAZ ikhiqize i-VAZ-2105. Imoto yaba umlandeli Vaz-2101. Ngokusekelwe imodeli entsha izobe ikhishwe Vaz-2107 futhi Vaz-2104. Imoto yokugcina yomndeni wakwa-Classic yakhiqizwa ngo-1984. Baba i-VAZ-2107. Umehluko we-VAZ-2105 wawungamalambu, amabhampa ohlobo olusha, i-grill ye-ventilation kanye ne-hood. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izihlalo zemoto sezikhululekile. Imoto ibifakwe ideshibhodi ebuyekeziwe, kanye ne-air deflector. Kusuka ku-1984 waqala i-VAZ-210 "Samara", okwakuyi-hatchback eneminyango emithathu. Imodeli ifakwe injini ezine-cylinder ngezinketho ezintathu zevolumu - 1,1. .3 kanye no-1,5, okungaba umjovo noma i-carburetor. imoto yayihamba ngamasondo angaphambili. Ukulungiswa kabusha kwemodeli yangaphambili kwakuyi-VAZ-2109 Sputnik, eyathola iminyango engu-5. Iphinde ibe yimoto edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili. Izinhlobo ezimbili zokugcina zibhekane nezimo zomgwaqo ezingezinhle. Imodeli yokugcina yenkathi yeSoviet kwakuyi-VAZ-21099, eyayiyi-sedan eneminyango emine. Ngo-1995 I-AvtoVAZ ikhiphe imodeli yakamuva ye-post-Soviet - i-VAZ-2110, noma "eyishumi". Imoto yayisezinhlelweni kusukela ngo-1989, kodwa ezikhathini ezinzima zenkinga, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuyikhulula. Imoto ifakwe injini ngokuhlukahluka okubili: 8-valve 1,5-litre 79 amahhashi noma 16-valve 1,6-litre 92 amahhashi. Le moto ngeyakwaSamara. Kuze kube sekukhishwa i-LADA Priora, iningi lama-restyling "amashumi" anemizimba ehlukene akhiqizwa: i-hatchback, coupe kanye ne-station wagon. Ngo-2007, isitshalo sezimoto sakhiqiza i-VAZ-2115, okwakuyi-sedan eneminyango emine. Lona umamukeli we-VAZ-21099, kodwa usuvele une-spoiler, ukukhanya okungeziwe kwebhuleki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, obhampa bapendwe ukuze bahambisane nombala wemoto, kukhona ama-threshold aqondile, amalambu angemuva amasha. Ekuqaleni, imoto yayinenjini ye-carburetor engu-1,5 no-1,6 amalitha. Ku-2000 imoto yaphinde yafakwa iyunithi yamandla enomjovo kaphethiloli osabalalisiwe. Ku-1998 waqala ukukhiqizwa minivans ukukhiqizwa yasekhaya - Vaz-2120. Imodeli yayinenkundla emide futhi idonsa ngawo wonke amasondo. Nokho, umshini onjalo wawungekho isidingo futhi ukukhiqizwa kwawo kwaphela. Ngo-1999 kwavela imodeli elandelayo - "Lada-Kalina", eyasungulwa kusukela ngo-1993. Ekuqaleni, i-debut yenzeke ngomzimba we-hatchback, kwase kukhishwa i-sedan ne-station wagon. Isizukulwane esilandelayo sezimoto "Lada Kalina" kukhiqizwa kusukela ngoJulayi 2007. Manje i-Kalina ifakwe injini engu-1,4-litre enama-valve angu-16. NgoSepthemba, imoto yathola uhlelo lwe-ASB. Imoto yayilokhu ishintshiwe. Kusuka ku-2008 Amaphesenti angama-75 amasheya e-AvtoVAZ abe ngawakwaRenault-Nissan corporation. Ngemva konyaka, imboni yezimoto yabhekana nobunzima obukhulu bezezimali, ukukhiqizwa kwancipha izikhathi ezi-2. Kwabelwa ama-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-25 njengokwesekwa kombuso, futhi uhlobo lwemodeli yebhizinisi i-Togliatti lufakwe ohlelweni lukahulumeni lokuxhasa amanani emalimboleko yemoto. I-Renault ngaleso sikhathi yanikeza ukukhiqiza izimoto ze-Lada, i-Renault ne-Nissan ngesisekelo sebhizinisi. Kakade ngoDisemba 2012, kwasungulwa ukubambisana phakathi kwe-Renault ne-state corporation Rostec, eyaqala ukuba namaphesenti angaphezu kuka-76 amasheya e-AvtoVAZ. Kwangathi u-2011 kwaphawulwa ukukhululwa kwemoto yesabelomali i-LADA Granta, eyayisekelwe emotweni ye-Kalina. Kusuka ku-2013 yaqala ukwenziwa kabusha ngomzimba we-liftback. Imoto ifakwe injini kaphethiloli ngomjovo uphethiloli distributive, umthamo wawo 1,6 amalitha. Imodeli yethulwa ngokuhlukahluka kwamandla amathathu: 87, 98, 106 amahhashi. Imoto ithole u-gearbox ozishintshayo. Imodeli elandelayo Lada Largus. Imoto ikhiqizwa ngezinguqulo ezintathu: iveni yezimpahla, inqola yesiteshi kanye nenqola enamandla akhulayo. Izinketho ezimbili zokugcina zingaba yizihlalo ezi-5 noma ezingu-7. Namuhla, uhlelo lwe-Lada luqukethe imindeni emihlanu: i-Largus wagon, i-Kalina liftback ne-sedan, kanye nemodeli ye-4x4 eneminyango emithathu noma emihlanu. Yonke imishini ihambisana nezindinganiso zemvelo zaseYurophu.