MINI

Contents FounderEmblemUmlando wemoto etholakala kumamodeliImibuzo nezimpendulo: Umlando wohlobo lwezimoto i-MINI yindaba yokuthi iyiphi indlela ende nenzima imoto eyodwa ukukhathazeka okungadlula kuyo ngesikhathi ende yokwakhiwa kwayo. I-MINI ngokwayo iwuchungechunge lwama-subcompact sedan, ama-hatchback nama-coupes. Ekuqaleni, umbono wokuthuthukiswa nokukhiqizwa kwe-MINI wabelwa iqembu lonjiniyela abavela eBritish Motor Corporation. Ukuthuthukiswa komqondo nomqondo, kanye nemoto iyonke, ihlehlela emuva ku-1985. Lezi zimoto zithathe indawo yesibili efanele ocwaningweni lwamakhulu ochwepheshe bomhlaba "Imoto Engcono Kakhulu Yekhulu lama-XNUMX." Umsunguli uLeonard Percy Lord, uBaron Lambury wokuqala KBE owazalwa ngo-1 wayeyisikhulu embonini yezimoto yaseBrithani. Waphothula esikoleni ngokuchema okumangalisayo kwezobuchwepheshe, kodwa lapho eneminyaka engu-16 waphoqeleka ukuba ayobhukuda mahhala ngemva kokulahlekelwa uyise. Ngalesi sikhathi, iNkosi yaqala ukusebenzisa ngenkuthalo ulwazi lobuchwepheshe aluthola esikoleni, futhi kakade ngo-1923 yangena eMorris Motors Limited, lapho yasiza khona ukukhulisa zonke izigaba zenqubo yokukhiqiza. Ngo-1927, ngenkathi uMorris ethola amalungelo okuphatha i-Wolseley Motors Limited, uLeonard wadluliselwa lapho ukuze athuthukise imishini yabo yezobuchwepheshe kanye nezinqubo. Kakade ngo-1932, waqokwa umphathi jikelele eMorris Motors. Ngemva konyaka nje, ngo-1933, ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwakhe, uLeonard Lord wathola isikhundla sokuba umqondisi wenkampani yonke iMorris Motors Limited futhi ngokushesha waba usozigidi eziningi. Ngo-1952, ukuhlanganiswa okunesikhathi eside kulindelwe kwezinkampani ezimbili zeNkosi kwenzeka - inkampani yakhe i-Austin Motor Company ne-Morris Motors, ayengumqondisi wayo ngeminyaka yama-30s. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iBritish Motor Corporation ingena emakethe yezimoto yase-UK. Inkinga kaSuez eyaqubuka ngaleyo minyaka yayihlotshaniswa nokuphazamiseka kokunikezwa kukawoyela. Kuyacaca ukuthi amanani kaphethiloli nawo angashintsha. Isimo samanje siphoqa u-Lord ukuthi enze imoto encane, ngenkathi icinene futhi ivulekile. Ngo-1956, iBritish Motor Corporation, eholwa uLeonard Lord, yakhetha iqembu labantu abayisishiyagalombili ukuba bakhe imoto encane kunazo zonke yangaleso sikhathi. U-Alec Issigonis uqokwe njengenhloko yeqembu. Le phrojekthi yanikezwa igama elithi ADO-15. Enye yezinhloso zokuthuthukisa le moto wububanzi be-trunk nokuhlala kahle kwabantu abane. Ngo-1959 imodeli yokuqala yokusebenza "I-Orange Box" yaphuma emgqeni womhlangano. NgoMeyi, ukukhiqizwa komzila wokuqala wethulwa. Sekukonke, kuthathe iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili nengxenye ukwakha imishini yokuqala yolayini we-MINI. Ngalesi sikhathi, iBritish Motor Corporation ilungiselele amasayithi amaningi amasha futhi yathenga inani elanele lemishini yokukhiqiza izimoto ezintsha zohlobo. Onjiniyela basebenzise ubuchwepheshe obuphambili kakhulu futhi benza izivivinyo eziningi ezengeziwe. Uphawu Umlando wophawu lomkhiqizo wezimoto i-MINI usushintshile kanye nabanikazi bezinkinga zezimoto. Ngenkathi amafekthri ezimoto ehlanganiswa, kwakhiwa izinkampani ezintsha, ilogo nayo yayishintsha. Uphawu lokuqala lohlobo lwezimoto lwe-MINI lwalunomumo wombuthano, lapho imithende emibili efana namaphiko isuka iye emaceleni. Olunye uphiko lwalubhalwe igama elithi Morris kanye nolunye uphiko Cooper. Ilogo yenkampani yabekwa phakathi nendawo yophawu. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, inhlanganisela yamagama kaMorris, Cooper kanye no-Austin ayeshintshana ngezikhathi ezithile, ehlanganiswe uphawu lomkhiqizo. Umqondo we-logo nawo ushintshile izikhathi eziningana. Ekuqaleni kwakuyizimpiko ezisuka indilinga. Kamuva, uphawu lwathatha isimo sesihlangu esinesitayela esinegama elithi MINI. Manje sibona ukuguqulwa kwakamuva kophawu. Ifaka amagama athi 'MINI' ngosonhlamvukazi, aphekwe amafender esimanje. Ilogo ithwala umthwalo ocacile we-semantic. Kusho isivinini nenkululeko, ngesakhiwo esincane semoto. Kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "isondo elinamaphiko". Ukubuyekezwa kokugcina kwelogo kwenzeka ngo-2018. Kusukela lapho, bekulokhu kungashintshile, kodwa abanikazi bamanje bomkhiqizo bakhuluma ngoshintsho olusha lwesibonakaliso. Umlando wemoto kumamodeli Imigqa yokuqala yezimoto ze-MINI zahlanganiswa e-Oxford naseBirmingham. Laba kwakunguMorris Mini Minor no-Austin Seven. Izimoto zathunyelwa ngaphansi kwamanye amagama ahlobene nosayizi wenjini olinganiselwe. Kwamanye amazwe, lezi bekuvele kungu-Austin 850 noMorris 850. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwemoto yakwa-MINI kubonise abathuthukisi amaphutha ekuvimbeleni amanzi. Wonke amaphutha atholakele atholwe futhi alungiswa yifekthri. Kakade ngo-1960, izimoto ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili nengxenye zazikhiqizwa isonto ngalinye. Ngokushesha inkampani ikhipha izinguquko ezintsha: Morris Mini Traveller kanye no-Austin Seven Countryman. Bobabili bakhulelwa ku-sedan, kodwa bahlala beyi-subcompact efanayo. Ngo-1966, iBritish Motor Corporation kanye neJaguar bahlangana benza iBritish Motor Holdings. Ngokushesha iziphathimandla zamemezela ukuncishiswa kwabasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-10. Lokhu kube ngenxa yokwenyuka kokulawula izindleko zenkampani. Ekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha, i-Austin Mini Metro yavela futhi yazuza ukuduma. Futhi, le modeli yaduma ngaphansi kwegama elithi Mini Shortie. Leli gama lalibangelwa ukuthi imodeli yayinesisekelo esifushane. Abadali abazange bahlele ukwenza le moto idayiswe ngobuningi. Inhloso yokudala i-Mini Shortie kwakuwukukhangisa nokumaketha. Zazikhiqizwa kuphela emzimbeni oguquguqukayo, zinenjini engu-1,4-litre futhi ayizange isheshise ngaphezu kuka-140 km / h. Angaba ngu-200 kuphela awo akhiqizwa, futhi ambalwa kuphela kuwo ayenophahla oluqinile nezicabha. Wonke "ama-convertible" awazange abe neminyango, ngakho-ke bekufanele ugxumele kuzo phezu kwezinhlangothi. Ingxenye yezimoto ze-MINI yathuthukiswa futhi yakhiqizwa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene zenkampani, ezaziseSpain, Uruguay, Belgium, Chile, Italy, Yugoslavia, njll. Ngo-1961, unjiniyela owaziwayo weqembu Cooper, owancintisana ku-Formula 1, waba nesithakazelo kumugqa we-Mini Cooper. Uqhamuke neqhinga lokuthuthukisa imoto ngokufaka injini enamandla anyukile ngaphansi kovalo. Ngokuphathwa kwayo nokuhamba kahle, injini eqinisiwe bekufanele yenze imoto ingadlulwa. Futhi kwenzeka. Imodeli ebuyekeziwe i-Mini Cooper S kakade ngo-1964 iba umholi wezinhlanga zomhlaba - i-Rally Monte Carlo. Iminyaka eminingana ilandelana, amaqembu adlale kulo modeli awina imiklomelo. Le mishini yayingenakuqhathaniswa. Ngo-1968, kwaba nomjaho wokugcina, owahlomula ngendawo yokuwina imiklomelo. Ngo-1968 kwenzeka okunye ukuhlangana. IBritish Motor Holdings ihlangana neLeyland Motors. Ngenxa yalokhu kuhlanganiswa, kwakhiwa iBritish Leyland Motor Corporation. Ngo-1975, wanikwa igama elithi Rover Group. Ngo-1994, i-BMW ithenga i-Rover Group, ngemva kwalokho, ngo-2000, i-Rover Group yagcina ikhanseliwe. I-BMW igcine ubunikazi bohlobo lwemoto yakwa-MINI. Ngemuva kwakho konke ukuhlangana, onjiniyela bokukhathazeka bakhulisa ngenkuthalo izimoto ezicishe zifane nemodeli yakuqala ye-MINI yakudala. Ngo-1998 kuphela, uFrank Stevenson wasungula futhi wakhiqiza iMini One R50 kakade emafekthri akwaBMW. Imoto yokugcina yomugqa wokuqala weMini Mark VII yayekwa futhi yafakwa eBritish Motor Museum. Ngo-2001, ukwakhiwa kwezimoto zakwa-MINI ezimbonini zakwaBMW kuqala ngeMINI Hatch. Ngo-2005, inkampani yandisa isabelomali ukuze ikhulise ukuhamba kwezimoto ezikhiqizwa embonini yase-Oxford. Ngo-2011, kwamenyezelwa ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili ezintsha zohlobo lwezimoto iMINI. Izinto ezintsha zathuthukiswa ngesisekelo sezihlobo zabo eziphelelwe yisikhathi, kodwa ezifanele - iMini Paceman. Kulezi zinsuku, ukuthuthukiswa kwemoto kagesi yohlobo lwe-MINI kuyaqhubeka esitshalweni esidumile sase-Oxford. Lokhu kumenyezelwe ngo-2017 ngabakwaBMW. Q&A: Ubani owenza iMini Cooper? UMini ekuqaleni wayengumakhi wezimoto waseBrithani (owasungulwa ngo-1959). Ngo-1994, inkampani yathathwa ngabakwaBMW. Ayini amaMini Coopers? Umkhiqizo waseBrithani ubonakala ngobuqiniso, obungalandelwa kuwo wonke amamodeli. Le nkampani ikhiqiza ama-convertibles, izinqola zesiteshi kanye nama-crossovers. Kungani iMini Cooper ibizwa kanjalo?