Ama-hydraulic lifters: ayini nokuthi kungani engqongqoza

Injini yomlilo yangaphakathi iyunithi eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke emotweni, ukusebenza kwayo kahle kuncike ekuhleleni okuhle kwendlela ngayinye ehambisana nayo. Isibonelo salokhu ukwakhiwa kwendlela yokusabalalisa igesi. Ivula ama-valve wokufaka nawokukhipha lapho i-piston ehamba kusilinda iqeda ukushaya okuhambisanayo.

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, zonke izingxenye zayo ziyashisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imikhiqizo yensimbi iyanda. Futhi lapho imoto isebenza, izinqubo eziningi ezikuyo zenziwa ngendaba yezingxenyana zomzuzwana. Kulokhu, yonke imicron yezikhala idlala indima. Uma i-valve ivula ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma kamuva, izothinta kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kweyunithi yamandla.

Kuze kube manje, ezimotweni ezindala, kuye kwabekwa izikhala phakathi kwe-valve tappet ne-timing shaft cam. Kumamori wesimanje, le nqubo yenziwa lula ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukusho okuqondile, isidingo salokhu asisekho, ngoba onjiniyela bathuthukise imininingwane efana ne-hydraulic compensator.

Yini engaphakamisa umfutholuketshezi

Ijoyini lokunweba le-hydraulic lifakwe phakathi kwe-valve tappet kanye ne-camshaft cam. Le ngxenye ilungisa ngokuzimela ubukhulu begebe elishisayo. Njengoba igama lisho, ukulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo kwenzeka ngenxa yesenzo se-hydraulic samafutha kuzinto ezihlanganisiwe zokunweba.

Uma phambilini lo msebenzi wenziwa ngamadivayisi awumshini ahlala edinga ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa, lezi zinto zisebenza ngemodi ezenzakalelayo, okwenza impilo ibe lula kumnikazi wemoto.

Umlando omncane

Ezinjini ezindala, ngokwesibonelo, okwakudala kwaseSoviet, kwakungekho amalunga wokukhulisa wokubacindezela noma wokukhanda wegebe elishisayo. Ngalesi sizathu, ukugcinwa okujwayelekile kwemoto kufaka phakathi ukulungiswa okuyimpoqo kwaleli pharamitha. Abakhiqizi bavame ukusetha isikhawu samakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi.

Lapho kwenziwa le nqubo, ikhava ye-valve yasuswa futhi inani legebe elishisayo lalungiswa nge-probe nekhiye okhethekile. Akuwona wonke umnikazi owayekwazi ukwenza le nqubo ngokuzimela, futhi uma lokhu kungenziwanga, injini yaqala ukugijima ngomsindo futhi yalahlekelwa yizakhiwo zayo ezinamandla.

Ezinjinini ezinjalo, ama-valve kwakudingeka aguqulwe njalo ngamamayela ayizinkulungwane ezingama-40-50, okwengeza ikhanda kubanikazi bezimoto ezinjalo. Idizayini ibidinga ukuthuthukiswa, ngakho-ke kwaqala ukufakwa isherha lobukhulu obuthile phakathi kwepush nekam. Manje kwakungeyona isiqu se-valve uqobo esasiphela, kodwa le ngxenye.

Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kwakusadingeka kwenziwe ukulungiswa, futhi umsebenzi wokulungisa wehliselwa esikhundleni sokuwasha kalula. Abanye abakhiqizi basasebenzisa izingxenye ezifanayo ezinjinini zezimoto zabo.

Yize kube nentuthuko enkulu ekusebenzeni kwendlela yokusabalalisa igesi, ukugcinwa kweyunithi kusadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe kaningi.

Amalunga wokunwetshwa kwemishini athathelwe indawo yindlela yokuqala eyayilungisa izikhala ngokuzenzakalela. Uhlelo lwama-hydraulic compensators selukhulise isikhawu sokusiza injini yomlilo yangaphakathi cishe kathathu, futhi manje udinga ukubheka ngaphansi kwesivalo se-valve kaningi - hhayi ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-120.

Isimiso sokusebenza kwesinxephezeli sokubacindezela

Isinxephezeli se-hydraulic sinedivayisi elandelayo:

• Icala lensimbi lapho kufakwa khona zonke izinto zomshini;
• Ama-Plunger pair (ukuthola eminye imininingwane mayelana nomgomo wokusebenza kwale nto, funda kusibonelo sepayipi le-plunger lepompo kaphethiloli ephezulu), enikwa amandla ingcindezi kawoyela;
• Ibhola - lisebenza njenge-valve yokuhlola;
• Intwasahlobo - Ivumela i-valve ye-plunger ukuthi iye endaweni lapho ingxenye iphumule.

Isinxephezeli se-hydraulic sisebenza ngalezi zindlela ezimbili ezilandelayo:

1. Ikhamela le-camshaft lisusiwe endaweni yokusebenza yesinxephezelo. Akukho ngcindezi entwasahlobo ye-plunger, ngakho-ke iyakhuphula ukuze icindezelwe kwikham. I-plunger igcwele uwoyela. Umfutho oketshezi ulingana nengcindezi ohlelweni lokuthambisa lwenjini;
2. Lapho i-cam ijikeleza iye ku-valve, ihambisa i-plunger, yehlise iye kusiqu se-valve. Izinga lentwasahlobo liyakhethwa ukuze, ngomzamo omncane, i-valve ekhanda lesilinda ivule ngokuya ngendawo yekham. Ukukhulisa ingcindezi kusiqu se-valve, ivolumu kawoyela esikhaleni se-sub-piston iyasetshenziswa.

Ngakho-ke, isinxephezeli se-hydraulic "silungisa" hhayi kuphela ekukhuliseni okushisayo kwezingxenye zesikhathi, kepha nasekugqokeni kwamakhamu neziqu ze-valve. Isixazululo sokuqala esinjalo asibandakanyi ukulungiswa okuvamile komshini walezi zinguquko.

Kafushane ngokusebenza kwesinxephezeli samanzi kubhalwe kule vidiyo:

Abaxhasi be-Hydraulic. Basebenza kanjani abaphakamisa ama-hydraulic futhi kungani bengqongqoza?

Indawo yesinxephezelo se-hydraulic

Ukuthola isinxephezelo se-hydraulic motor, udinga ukuqonda izici zokuklama zenjini. Ezingxenyeni zamandla zanamuhla ezijwayelekile, ikhanda litholakala ngaphezu kwe-cylinder block, futhi i-camshaft ifakwe kuyo. Amakhamera ayo acupha ama-valve okudonsa nawokukhipha.

Izinxephezelo ze-Hydraulic, uma zitholakala kulokhu kuguqulwa kwe-motor, zizofakwa phakathi kwekhamera ne-valve stem. Isinxephezelo se-hydraulic sinikeza igebe eliqhubekayo phakathi kwe-valve nekhamera, kungakhathaliseki izinga lokushisa (futhi, yiqiniso, ukunwetshwa kwesiqu se-valve) yama-valve.

Yiziphi izinhlobo nezinhlobo zama-hydraulic compensators

Isimiso sokusebenza kolunye lwezinhlobo zezinxephezelo sichazwe ngenhla. Onjiniyela abavela enkampanini yemoto ngayinye bangasebenzisa ezinye izinhlobo zama-hydraulic lifters:

• I-hydraulic pusher njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla. Ifakwe phakathi kwekham camshaft nesiqu se-valve;
• Ukwesekwa kwe-Hydro;
• Ngama-motors amadala, kwasetshenziswa i-hydraulic support, eyayifakwa ezingalweni ze-rocker noma kuma-levers of the valve pusher;
• Ama-pusher wokubacindezela ama-roller.

Iningi labakhiqizi bezimoto lizama ukubaleka ezisekelweni ze-hydraulic, ngoba idivaysi yama-hydraulic pusher ilula ngangokunokwenzeka. Yize idivayisi efana nendlela yokusabalalisa igesi ingahle ikuvumele ukusetshenziswa kwalolu hlobo lwamajoyini wokunweba. Lesi sithombe esingezansi sikhombisa indawo yokuphakamisa u-hydraulic, kuya ngohlobo lwenjini yesikhathi.

Ubuhle nobubi bejoyinti lokukhulisa u-hydraulic

Ama-lifter hydraulic anezinzuzo eziningi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Umsindo Low motor;
• Akunasidingo sokulungisa ukusula kwe-thermal nama-valve okubangelwe ukugqoka kwemvelo;
• Isondlo sikhululekile;
• Inikeza ingcindezi engaguquguquki yesiqu se-valve kwikhamela ye-camshaft, eqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu ngisho nangendlela yokusabalalisa igesi egqoke kakhulu;
• Izici ezinzile ezizinzile zemoto endala.

Kodwa-ke, yize kunezinzuzo eziningi, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bunezinkinga ezimbalwa ezinkulu:

1. Ama-hydraulic compensators asebenzisa ingcindezi kawoyela, futhi izimbobo ezikuwo zincane kakhulu kangangokuba igrisi ewugqinsi ngeke nje ingene ngaphakathi emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi uma uhlelo lungakabi nesikhathi sokufudumala. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, uwoyela wekhwalithi ephezulu kufanele uthelwe enjinini - imvamisa izinto zokwenziwa. Kodwa imoto ene-mileage ephezulu, kunalokho, idinga okokuthambisa okujiyile - izindandatho ze-O sezivele zigugile, ngakho-ke izinto zokwenziwa azikwazi ukudala i-wedge kawoyela ephezulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, amandla emoto ehla;
2. Noma kusetshenziswa izinto zokwenziwa, kusadingeka uwoyela ushintshwe kaningi, ngoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ulahlekelwa uketshezi;
3. Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka, uzodinga ukuthenga ingxenye efanayo, hhayi i-analogue eshibhile (indawo yesikhonzi se-hydraulic ayikuvumeli ukusetshenziswa komklamo ngaphandle kwalowo onikezwe ngumenzi);
4. Njengoba ukonakala kwenzeka ezigabeni zakamuva, ukulungiswa kuzobiza ngaphezu kokulungiswa okuhleliwe kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi;
5. Kwesinye isikhathi, ngenxa yokungathambisi kwekhwalithi empofu, i-plunger ingavimba, okuzoholela ekusebenzeni okungalungile komshini.

Okubi kakhulu ukuqina kwekhwalithi kawoyela. Uma umshayeli azishaya indiva izidingo zaleli pharamitha, kungekudala kuzofanele afune ukuthengwa kwamajoyini wokunweba amasha. Endabeni yama-motors athuthukise insiza ende, ama-analogs womshini azoba yindlela enhle - avimbela ukugqoka kwe-valve futhi ngasikhathi sinye alawule igebe lokushisa.

Ungawakhetha kanjani amalifti wokubacindezela

Uma ibhande lesikhathi senjini lifakwe amalifter wokubacindezela, umbuzo wokuthi kufanele uthenge izingxenye ezintsha noma cha awufanele - thenga nakanjani. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukusatshalaliswa kwesigaba kwiyunithi yamandla ngeke kusebenze kahle - i-cam ngeke ikwazi ukuvula i-valve ngesikhathi, futhi imoto izolahlekelwa ukusebenza kwayo.

Uma kungaziwa ukuthi yimaphi amamodeli afakiwe emotweni, ukuseshwa kwama-hydraulic lifters kwenziwa ngekhodi ye-VIN yemoto noma imodeli yezimoto kukhathalogi. Kuyafaneleka ukucabangela ukuthi abanye abathengisi babiza noma yikuphi ukuhlanganiswa kwamajoyini ama-pusher. Lapho ukhetha ingxenye, ungakhombisa nomthengisi uhlobo lwendlela yokusabalalisa igesi (i-SOHC noma i-DOHC - funda ngomehluko phakathi kwalokhu kuguqulwa lapha).

Lapho ukhetha isabelomali noma isinxephezelo sokuqala, kufanele unake nezici zayo zobuchwepheshe - isisindo, isilinganiso sentwasahlobo, njll. (uma zibhalwe kuhlu). Uma ama-valve enesifo esincane, khona-ke amalunga wokukhulisa angasindi angafakwa.

Yikuphi abaphakamisa umfutholuketshezi abangcono

Lapho ukhetha le ngxenye, kufanele kukhunjulwe: i-analogue yesabelomali kaningi idinga ukushintshwa. Kodwa ngisho naphakathi kwezingxenye ezibizwa ngokuthi izipele zokuqala, kuvela inkohliso. Ukuze ungasebenzisi imali ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi, naka abakhiqizi abazibonakalisile emakethe yezingxenye zezimoto.

Futhi qaphela ukuthi amalunga wokunweba wokubacindezela awenziwa ngabenzi bemishini uqobo. Basebenzisa izinsizakalo zezinkampani ngazinye, ngakho-ke le ngxenye ayikho kumenzi wayo - ithengwa ezinkampanini ezizimele futhi ithengiswa njengasekuqaleni, kodwa ngentengo ephezulu.

Ungamisa ukukhetha kwakho kubakhiqizi abalandelayo:

• Umkhiqizi waseJalimane INA. Izinxephezeli ze-Hydraulic zisezingeni eliphakeme futhi cishe azisoze zehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi;
• Enye inkampani yaseJalimane uFebi, kodwa ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yabo iphansi kancane kunaleyo yommeleli wangaphambilini. Izwe lokwenziwa likhonjisiwe ekupakisheni kwengxenye - kufanele unake lokhu, ngoba izimboni zaseChina azihlali zikhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-premium;
• I-SWAG yinkampani enezinsizakalo zayo ezisetshenziswa abakhiqizi beqembu le-VAG (imiphi imikhiqizo yezimoto efakiwe kulokhu kukhathazeka, utshele ngaphambili). Imininingwane yale nkampani isesigabeni sesabelomali, kepha ukwenza ngomgunyathi kuvame kakhulu;
• Ngezansi kwezinga kukhona abaphakamisa umfutholuketshezi baseSpain u-AE noma u-Ajusa. Umphumela wezindleko eziphansi insiza yokusebenza encane (cishe ngamamayela ayi-10). Okunye ukuphazamiseka yizidingo eziphezulu zekhwalithi kawoyela.

Ukuxilongwa kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni kwama-lifter wokubacindezela

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwama-hydraulic lifters kutholakala ngokubangqongqoza. I-phonendoscope isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umsindo wesici uvela kubaxhasi.

Uma kutholakala ukungasebenzi kahle kwabagibeli bokufaka umfutholuketshezi, khona-ke bayadilizwa ngozibuthe, kepha lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlanza isikhathi futhi esebenza kahle. Kwenzeka ukuthi ingxenye inamathele esihlalweni, yingakho ukuqaqa kufanele kwenziwe nge-puller ekhethekile.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokubheka ukusebenza kwesikhwama se-hydraulic. Okokuqala, ukuhlolwa kwangaphandle kwengxenye kuyenziwa ukuthola ukukhubazeka. Ukuthuthuka endaweni yokusebenza kwento kuzobonakala ngeso lenyama. Okwesibili, kukhona amalunga wokunwebeka awelekayo. Kulokhu, ungahlola izingxenye zangaphakathi ukuthola ukuthi ingakanani izinga lokugqoka.

Enye indlela yokuxilonga ukuthi uwoyela uthelwa enhlanganisweni yokunwetshwa ediliziwe. Ingxenye esebenzayo ayinakucindezelwa ngeminwe yakho. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele kushintshwe.

Kungani abashayeli bokuphakamisa u-hydraulic bengqongqoza

Ukushayisana kwabagibeli bamandla wokubacindezela kungabonakala ngisho nasezimotweni ezintsha, ngakho-ke lokhu akusona uphawu ngaso sonke isikhathi sokonakala okuthile. Lo mphumela ungabonwa kokubili kunjini yomlilo yangaphakathi engashisi nasophikweni wamandla osuvele ufinyelele izinga lokushisa lokusebenza. Akunandaba ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka, lo msindo akufanele neze unganakwa, ngoba lokhu kungasebenzi kahle kuzothinta ukusebenza kwendlela yokusabalalisa igesi.

Cabanga ngezimbangela ezivamile zokungqongqoza kwabantu abaphakamisa ugesi wokubacindezela ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zenjini.

Izizathu zokungqongqoza kwe-hydraulic compensator "hot" (lapho injini ifudunyezwa):

Lo mphumela emotweni eshisayo uvela ngenxa:

1. Uwoyela wenjini osezingeni eliphansi, noma ubungakaguqulwa isikhathi eside;
2. Isihlungi sikawoyela esingcolile - ngenxa yaso, uwoyela awufinyeleli kuma-hydraulic lifters ngaphansi kwengcindezi edingekayo;
3. Iphampu kawoyela ehlulekile (noma ukusebenza kwayo kwehlile, ngenxa yokuthi kudala ingcindezi enganele ohlelweni lokugcotshwa kwenjini);
4. Ama-plunger agqokiwe nemikhono ye-hydraulic compensator, eholela ekuvuza kwamafutha (kulokhu, izingxenye ziyashintshwa);
5. Ukwephuka kwabagibeli bokufaka umfutholuketshezi ngokwabo.

Izizathu zokungqongqoza okubandayo “kubanda” (lapho injini ingafudunyezwa):

Ukungqongqoza kwabagibeli be-hydraulic nakho kungaba kuphela kuyunithi yamandla engashiswanga, futhi njengoba usushisa, lo msindo uyanyamalala. Nazi izizathu zalokhu:

1. Iziteshi zama-hydraulic lifters zingcolile. Njengoba uwoyela obandayo ubukeka kakhulu uma uqhathaniswa nethanjiswa esivele ishubile, kunzima kakhulu ukuthi kudlule lapho kuvalwe khona umzila, kepha njengoba usushisa, uwoyela uba uketshezi futhi kube lula ukudlula kuwo;
2. Amafutha akhethwe ngokungafanele. Imvamisa abashayeli abangenalwazi babhekana nale nkinga. Uma kukhethwa i-lubricant ejiyile, khona-ke abaphakamisa u-hydraulic nakanjani bazongqongqoza;
3. I-hydraulic compensator valve ayinayo ingcindezi, yingakho lapho injini ima, uwoyela ungena esampeni.

Uma ukungqongqoza kwabagibeli be-hydraulic kuvela lapho injini ikhuphuka ngesivinini esikhuphukile, nazi izizathu ezingenzeka zalokhu:

1. Ileveli kawoyela ekhredithini idlula ileveli ephezulu, ebangela ukuthi igwebe;
2. Izinga likawoyela kukhredithingi liphansi kakhulu, okwenza impompo kawoyela imunce umoya;
3. Isamukeli sikawoyela sonakele ngenxa yomthelela we-pallet kusithiyo emgwaqweni (ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abashayeli abanolwazi batusa ukufaka ukuvikelwa kwepallet emotweni, okuxoxwa ngakho ngokuningiliziwe esihlokweni esehlukile).

Uma ukungqongqoza kuvela ku-valve eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, kungakhathalekile ijubane le-crankshaft, lokhu kungahle kube ngenxa yokuthi igebe phakathi kwetappet nekham (elisendaweni ye-camshaft) lenyukile. Ukuqeda lokhu kungasebenzi kahle, ikhanda lesilinda liyasuswa, futhi ama-cams asethwe ngokuma abheka phezulu (ingxenye ezacile ye "droplet" kufanele ibe phezulu), futhi kubhekwe ukuthi ngabe kukhona igebe phakathi kwe-pusher ne-cam.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-pusher wokubacindezela nakho kuyabhekwa (isici esihlolisisiwe sicindezelwe ngomugqa wokhuni). Uma omunye wabaphakamisi be-hydraulic esebenza ngokukhululeka ngokukhulu ukudlula abanye, kuzofanela ubuyiselwe noma uhlukaniswe futhi kuhlanzwe izakhi zawo.

Ukuqeda ukungqongqoza kwamajoyinti wokunweba asanda kufakwa esikhundleni, kuzodingeka ukuflasha iziteshi ezincanyana ohlelweni lokuthambisa. Ukwenza lokhu, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile, isibonelo, iLiqui Moly Hydro Stossel Additiv. Iyangezwa ohlelweni lokuthambisa imoto ngemuva kokuthi injini ifudumele. Umphumela womuthi uza ngemuva kwamakhilomitha angama-500.

Izithasiselo ezinjalo akufanele zisetshenziswe ngokushesha noma njengendlela yokuvimbela, ngoba into ingakhulisa ukushuba kukawoyela, okungathinta kabi ukuthambisa kwenjini yonke.

Uma uhlelo lokuthambisa lungcoliswe kakhulu, ngaphambi kokufaka amajoyini wokunweba amasha, kufanele ukuthi ifakwe ngoyili okhethekile. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kuzodingeka ukuqaqa amandla ombane. Ngalesi sizathu, ungayinaki imithethonqubo yokushintsha igrisi yenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Funda kabanzi ngalokhu. kokunye ukubuyekeza.

Ungayandisa kanjani impilo yabantu abaphakamisa amanzi

Ngokuyinhloko, impilo yokusebenza kwama-hydraulic lifters ayixhomekile esivinini semoto, noma esivinini se-crankshaft noma kunoma yiziphi izenzo zomshayeli. Ukuphela kwento enganweba ngokuphawulekayo impilo yabantu abaphakamisa ugesi wokubacindezela ukusetshenziswa kweoyili yenjini enconywe ngumenzi. Ukuze uthole imininingwane yokuthi ungayikhetha kanjani i-lubricant efanele yemoto esebenza endaweni ethile yesimo sezulu, funda lapha.

Wonke umshayeli wemoto kufanele aqaphe ngokucophelela ukushintshwa okufika ngesikhathi kwezithambisi zenjini. Abanye abantu abathanda izimoto bacabanga ukuthi ukwengeza nje u-oyela omusha kwanele futhi kuzovuselelwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngale ndlela, abaphakamisa umfutholuketshezi bazongqongqoza ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunalokho okukhonjiswa ngumenzi.

Ukusebenza kwesinxephezeli se-hydraulic kuncishisiwe ngenxa yokuthi i-valve yayo ivalekile. Lokhu kungenxa yekhwalithi engemihle kawoyela (kungahle kube nezinhlayiya zangaphandle kuwo). Ngalesi sizathu, kungcono ukushintsha uwoyela kunokukhuphula phezulu uma izinga lihlala lincipha.

Kukangaki ukushintsha ama-hydraulic valve lifters?

Kuyinto engavamile kakhulu ukulungisa noma ukushintsha amalifti wokubacindezela. Lezi zingxenye zitholakala kumshini wokusabalalisa igesi, futhi ukushintshwa noma ukulungiswa njalo kungaba yinkinga enkulu. Umkhiqizi ucabangisise ngale mininingwane ukuze ngokugcinwa okufanele kweyunithi yamandla kungabi nasidingo sokukhuphukela kulaba abaphakamisa ugesi.

Impilo yokusebenza kwezingxenye ikhonjiswa ngumenzi. Ngokuyinhloko, kungaphakathi kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-200-300. Kodwa lokhu kwenzeka kuphela uma umshayeli wesithuthi ngesikhathi esifanele enza ukugcinwa okudingekayo emotweni.

Ungasishayela kanjani uqobo isikhuphula se-hydraulic

Ngisho nomshayeli wemoto osemusha angawuphatha lo msebenzi. Into esemqoka ukunamathela ekulandelaneni okuthile. Kepha akufanele ukwenze lokhu ngokwakho uma umshini usengaphansi kwewaranti.

Okokuqala, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kunesidingo sangempela sokuxubha amalunga okukhulisa. Uma ukungasebenzi kahle kwenjini kuhlobene nalokhu, ngaphambi kokufeza inqubo, kubalulekile ukuvumela umshini ume okungenani usuku ukuze uwoyela ugelezele ngokuphelele epanini. Ukuhlanza ama-hydraulic compensators, kudingeka iziqukathi ezintathu ezinamalitha amahlanu (ivolumu yazo incike kusayizi wezingxenye ezigezwayo). Zigcwele uphethiloli wama-92, uphalafini noma uphethiloli.

Okulandelayo, ikhava yekhanda lesilinda iyasuswa, futhi ama-eksisi lapho izingalo ze-rocker zigxiliswe khona ziyadilizwa. Kumamodeli wezimoto ahlukile, ophakamisa umfutholuketshezi asuswa ngendlela yawo, ngakho-ke udinga ukucacisa ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu kahle esimweni esithile.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubheka ukusebenza kwama-hydraulic lifters. Ingxenye ehlulekile kumele ithathelwe indawo enye entsha. Uma ucindezela leyo ngxenye ngesigaxa sokhuni, futhi inokudlala okukhululekile kakhulu, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi isici sidinga ukushintshwa.

Ukuqhuma uqobo kwenziwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

• Ama-eksisi lapho izingalo ze-rocker zigxiliswe khona kuyasuswa;
• Ungasebenzisa uzibuthe ukususa ukuhlanganiswa kokunweba. Lapho uqaqa, kubalulekile ukuthi ungalimazi ingxenye noma indawo yokufakwa kwayo;
• Yonke imininingwane yehliselwa ekuhlanzeni;
• Ukuze uyihlanze, udinga ukususa kancane i-hydraulic compensator kusuka kuketshezi, bese ucindezela i-plunger (okokuqala udinga ukuqinisa ibhola le-valve ukuze lingasebenzi) lize libe nokuhamba okukhululekile noma okuncane;
• Inqubo efanayo yenziwa ezitsheni zesibili nezesithathu.

Izingxenye zemoto zihlanganiswe ngokulandelana okuphindayo, kepha amalifti we-hydraulic ageziwe kumele omile. Uma ihlanganisiwe, iyunithi yamandla izoqala futhi idume imizuzu embalwa ukuvumela uwoyela wenjini ukuthi ujikeleze kahle kulo lonke uhlelo.

Inqubo yokufaka amalifti wokubacindezela

Ukulandelana kokufakwa kwama-hydraulic lifters kuya ngemodeli yemoto, ngoba igumbi lenjini lingahlelwa ngendlela yalo. Kepha ezimotweni eziningi, lolu hlelo lumi kanje:

1. Ukudilizwa kwawo wonke amathuluzi atholakala ngaphezu kwesembozo se-valve kwenziwa, ngoba kuzodingeka ukuthi kususwe isikulufu futhi kususwe ngaphandle kokulimaza ezinye izinto (ngokwesibonelo, uhlelo lukaphethiloli noma ukuthungela);
2. Isihlungi somoya naso siyasuswa, ngoba sizovimbela nokuthi ikhava ingabhidlizwa;
3. Ikhebula lempintsha linqanyuliwe futhi ikhava ye-valve ayikhishiwe;
4. I-counter washer efakwe ku-camshaft sprocket ivutha;
5. I-asterisk ibekwe endaweni yokuthi amamaki aqondane;
6. Inothi le-sprocket alikhishiwe, futhi le ngxenye ilungiswa ngocingo;
7. Ukukhweza kombhede we-camshaft kudiliziwe. Kuyasuswa, futhi nakho kusetshenziswe i-camshaft;
8. Ama-rockers ahlukanisiwe (kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukulandelana kokufakwa kwawo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuwafaka ngokushesha ngokulandelana okunjalo ukuze kukhunjulwe isikhundla salowo nalowo wabo);
9. Amakhamela awakhishwa, ngemuva kwalokho imikhono yamabhawodi wokulungisa isuswa ngokucophelela;
10. Uma kunesidingo, indawo esezisekelweni ze-valve flange iyagcotshwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina okukhulu;
11. Ama-washer we-cylinder head support acindezelwa kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elikhethekile (desiccant);
12. Izingalo ze-rocker ziyasuswa;
13. Isinxephezeli se-hydraulic siyashintsha.

Isakhiwo sonke sihlanganiswe ngokulandelana okuphindayo. Ngemuva kokufaka esikhundleni se-lifter hydraulic, kubalulekile ukufaka ikhava entsha ye-valve, bese uqinisa izikhonkwane nge-torque wrench. Nayi ividiyo emfushane yokuthi lo msebenzi wenziwa kanjani ngendlela efanele:

ukumiselela amalifter hydraulic ngaphandle kokukhipha ikhanda ngaphandle kwamathuluzi akhethekile we-cadet, vectra, lanos, nexia

Ama-hydraulic lifters video

Ekuphetheni, bukela ukubuyekezwa kwevidiyo kokuthi ungawaqeda kanjani amajoyinti wokunwebeka we-hydraulic:

UKUTHI uma abaphakamisa u-hydraulic bengqongqoza enjini. Ukulungisa kanjani! Bangqongqoza abaphakamisa

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yenzani amalifter hydraulic? Ama-hydraulic lifters yizinto ezincane ezikuvumela ukuthi uguqule ngokuzenzakalela ukuvuleka kwe-valve kumshini wokusabalalisa igesi. Lawa madivayisi asebenza ngenxa yengcindezi kawoyela ohlelweni lokuthambisa lwenjini. Ngenxa yalokhu, izici ezinamandla zemoto zithuthukisiwe futhi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuyancipha.

Bakuphi abaphakamisi be-hydraulic? Isinxephezeli se-hydraulic sifakwe phakathi kwesiqu se-valve nekhamera ye-camshaft. Ukuma nobukhulu bazo buncike ohlotsheni lwendlela yokusabalalisa igesi nosayizi wamaphayiphu.

Kungani ukungqongqoza kwabagibeli bamandla wokubacindezela kuyingozi? Amaphutha kuma-hydraulic lifters azothinta kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli namandla wezimoto. Isizathu ukuthi umzuzu wokwakhiwa kwe-spark noma ukunikezwa kwamafutha akuhambelani nesimo se-piston yokushisa okuhle kwe-BTC. Uma unganaki ukungqongqoza, okokuqala ngeke kube nezinkinga nge-motor. Ngokulandelayo, umsindo wenjini yomlilo wangaphakathi uzokhula, kuvele ukudlidlizela (ukunikezwa okungakafiki kanye nomlilo wenhlanganisela yomoya nophethiloli). Lapho kusebenza, abaphakamisi be-hydraulic abangalungile bangadala ukugqoka esitimeleni se-valve.