Iyini iparage plunger emotweni?

Imvamisa, omakhenikha, lapho bekhuluma ngokulungisa uhlelo lukaphethiloli lwenjini kadizili, basho igama elifana neplunger pair. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi hlobo luni lomshini, ubukhulu bokusebenza kwalo, kungani ludingeka, nokuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-plunger kunqunywa kanjani.

Yini i-plunger?

Ama-Plunger pair, njengoba igama le-mechanism liphakamisa, izingxenye ezimbili ezincane ezingena kwipompo ye-fuel pressure ephezulu (i-fuel injection pump). Owokuqala ubizwa ngokuthi yi-plunger futhi umelwe njengomunwe ojiyile, ohlehlisiwe. Owesibili umkhono we-plunger futhi ubukeka njengomkhono onogqinsi olunamandla lapho kufakwa khona ingxenye yokuqala.

I-plunger noma i-piston uqobo isebenza njenge-displacer kaphethiloli emgodini we-bushing. Le nto isetshenziselwa ukudala ingcindezi ephezulu kulayini wohlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le ndlela ayisetshenziswanga kuphela emaphampu enjini kadizili. Isibonelo, into efanayo isetshenziswa kumshini wokusabalalisa igesi njengabaxhasi be-hydraulic. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokusebenza kwamadivayisi iyafana - izenzo eziphindayo zihambisa i-piston esihlahleni, futhi ngengozi yokusikeka nezimbobo kulezi zingxenye ezimbili, uketshezi lungena emgodini bese lufakwa kulayini omkhulu.

Isimiso sokusebenza nezinhlobonhlobo

I-classic plunger pair isebenza kanje:

• I-piston elayishwe entwasahlobo itholakala ngaphansi komkhono;
• I-piston icindezelwa ikhamera etholakala ku-shaft;
• Ngaphansi kwesenzo somshini, ipiston ihambela phezulu emkhonweni;
• Esikhaleni esingaphezulu kwe-piston, ukucindezela kukaphethiloli kwakhiwa, okungena emkhonweni nge-slot ekhethekile odongeni lwayo;
• Ukucindezela kwephethiloli kuqhuba i-valve, ngenxa yokuthi into isuka emkhonweni iye endaweni yokugcina amanzi (lokhu kungaba isitimela sikaphethiloli noma igumbi elihlukile kupompo likaphethiloli);
• Kusukela ethangini, uphethiloli ungena emibhobho;
• I-shaft empompini iyajikeleza, ikhamera iyeka ukucindezela i-piston, eyihambisa endaweni ephansi ngenxa yentwasahlobo.

Lo mklamo olula we-plunger uchaza ukuthi kungani amaphampu kaphethiloli omfutho ophezulu asekelwe kulo mgomo esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ehlala isikhathi eside.

Namuhla, ukuguqulwa okubili kwamapheya e-plunger asetshenziswa ezimotweni (nakuba ukuklanywa kwamaphampu kaphethiloli kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu). Zihluke komunye nomunye ngokuba khona kwe-recess annular ku-piston.

Kuma-plungers anjalo, idlala indima yevalvu yokudlula, eqoqa ukuvuza kukaphethiloli futhi ikubuyisele emugqeni kaphethiloli. Ama-plunger anqanyuliwe kuphethiloli abiza kakhulu ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi bomklamo. Kodwa lezi zindleko zilungiswa ukusebenza kahle kwemoto.

Izinzuzo Main kanye nebubi

Izinjini zikadizili zaqala ukuduma selokhu kwethulwa amaphampu kaphethiloli anengcindezi ephezulu afakwe i-plunger ekwakhiweni kwawo. Izici zobuchwepheshe ezihlaba umxhwele, ukusebenza okuphezulu komshini kanye nokuthembeka okuphezulu kuyizinzuzo ezibalulekile zomshini ofakwe i-plunger pair.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinzuzo, i-plunger inezinzuzo ezilandelayo:

• Ngosizo lwe-pair of plunger, akunakwenzeka kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu kanye nomthamo wayo, kodwa futhi nokunquma imodi yokujova uphethiloli efanelekile.
• Umnotho ophezulu ngokusebenza kahle okuphezulu.
• Ubungane bemvelo obuphezulu ngenxa yokushiswa kwengxenye encane kaphethiloli kanye nokufafaza kwayo kwekhwalithi ephezulu kumasilinda.

Noma iyiphi indlela inobubi, futhi kumapheya e-plunger lokhu kuyagqokwa. Nakuba lo mklamo olula unokwethenjelwa kakhulu futhi uhlala isikhathi eside, umphumela wokungqubuzana nokucindezela okukhulu kwezakhi zomshini awukwazi ukukhishwa. Abakhiqizi bepompo likaphethiloli be-plunger-pump basebenzisa izinto ezinamandla kakhulu, kodwa ngisho nakulesi simo, ukugqoka akukwazi ukugwenywa, ngisho nangemva kokuphila kwesevisi okwandisiwe.

Plunger pair of umjovo futha

Sizoxoxa ngokuningiliziwe ngemisebenzi ye-plunger pair sisebenzisa isibonelo sephampu yomjovo kadizili. Njengoba igama liphakamisa, amaphampu afutha udizili osuka ethangini elikhulu aye kulayini wokucindezela okukhulu (ngokwesibonelo, kujantshi kaphethiloli), kusuka lapho ufafazwa khona kumasilinda enjini ngaphansi kwengcindezi enamandla.

Into esemqoka edala ingcindezi enjalo kungumbhangqa we-plunger. Amafutha abese esatshalaliswa kumasilinda ngokuya ngokwakhiwa kohlelo lukaphethiloli. Izinhlobo zamaphampu zichaziwe kwesinye isihloko.

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwepompo, izinduku zokucindezela kanye nemithombo yokubuyisela i-actuator ihambisa i-piston phezulu / phansi ngaphakathi komkhono we-plunger, ngaleyo ndlela iphindisele. Ngakho-ke ukwakheka kumunca uphethiloli ngamapayipi avela ethangini likaphethiloli bese ukumpompa ethangini elivaliwe, okudala ingcindezi kuwo. Ukuvikela le pharamitha ukuthi ingakhuli ngokweqile, idivayisi yepompo inama-valve amaningi enzelwe ukubamba noma ukulahla ingcindezi eyeqile ohlelweni.

I-piston ngokwayo ine-slot engalingani, evumela ukuthi ithathe uphethiloli ongena ethangini ngokufuduka okuncane kwe-axial. Le nqubo incike esimweni se-pedal yegesi emotweni - imvume encane kulapho kukhishwa i-accelerator, kanti ubukhulu obukhulu kulapho i-pedal icindezeleke ngokuphelele.

Njengoba umusi udala umfutho ophakeme ukuze ungabhidliki, wenziwe ngensimbi eqinile, futhi izindonga ziwugqinsi olwanele ukumelana nengcindezi yamamkhathi angamakhulu amaningana. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi lo mshini uthembeke nangaphansi kwemithwalo ephezulu.

Esinye isici se-plunger pair ukuthi zombili izingxenye zenzelwe omunye nomunye kuphela. Okungukuthi, akunakwenzeka ukuthatha bushing komunye umshini ne-piston komunye bese uwahlanganisa. Ukuvimbela umusi ekufakeni uphethiloli, igebe kuwo lakhiwe lincane kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngalesi sizathu, ingxenye eyodwa ayikaze ishintshwe - lezi zithandani zihlala zishintsha (imingcele yazo iyalungiswa kwimishini yefektri ephezulu).

Nayi ividiyo emfushane yokuthi ibhangqa le-plunger libuyiselwa kanjani:

Inqubo yokutakula nge-Zexel-KOMATSU

Ukulandelana kwe-plunger pair

Inani likaphethiloli elimpontshwe kumjikelezo owodwa we-piston lincike ekuphakameni kohlangothi lokusebenza kwalo. Lokhu kulawula ukusebenza kwepompo ukuqinisekisa isivinini sokungenzi lutho. Kepha lapho nje umshayeli ecindezela isigxobo segesi, i-plunger iyajika kancane. Inothi kuleyo ngxenye lenyukile, ngakho-ke, inani likaphethiloli lizonikezwa ngevolumu enkulu.

Nakhu ukuthi ukuguqulwa okuvame kakhulu kwe-plunger kusebenza kanjani. Kodwa-ke, namuhla kunamamodeli amaningi ahlinzeka ngomthamo ngezindlela ezihlukile (okuvame ukulawulwa yi-elektroniki yomshini). Ama-plunger pusher ngokwawo aqhutshwa ukujikeleza kwe-crankshaft.

Lapho i-piston yehla, ngokungena kwe-bushing, uphethiloli ungena emgodini ongenalutho wesikhala esingenhla se-piston ngenxa ye-vacuum eyenziwe kuyo. Ngokushesha nje lapho i-piston iphakama, i-liner bore ivalwa ngumzimba we-plunger, kanye ne-petroli icindezela ku-valve, ivule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uphethiloli ungena ethangini elinamandla amakhulu. Lapho ukunyakaza okuphansi kuqala, i-valve iyavalwa, bese kwakhiwa i-vacuum (noma i-vacuum) emgodini we-plunger pair. Umjikelezo uyaziphinda.

Ukukhipha ama-valve

Iphampu ngalinye likaphethiloli elinamandla amakhulu linama-valve wokucindezela, inhloso yawo ukuvala ingxenye yolayini lapho uphethiloli uphumule khona ukusuka kulowo lapho uphethiloli usuvele unengcindezi. Futhi, ama-valve ayadingeka ukugcina ingcindezi emile ohlelweni (ngenkathi injini isebenza, ipompo iyaqhubeka nokufaka uphethiloli ethangini) - ilahla okweqile emuva ethangini likaphethiloli.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-valve wokukhipha asetshenziswa kumaphampu we-plunger. Nazi izici zabo ezihlukile.

I-valve yevolumu engaguquki ngaphandle komkhawulo wokugeleza kokubuya

Idizayini yale valve ihlanganisa i-retractor piston (ingxenye yomklamo we-valve). Lapho i-plunger iphakanyiswa, i-slot helical ivalwa ngumzimba we-bushing, i-valve yokukhipha ivaliwe. I-piston iya esiqondisweni somkhono wenduku.

Ngalesi sikhathi, leyo ngxenye yomugqa inqanyuliwe, lapho kwakhiwa khona umfutho ophakeme ovela emgodini we-supra-plunger. Ngenxa yalokhu, ivolumu kaphethiloli esitsheni esinengcindezi enkulu inyuka ngokungenamsebenzi - kuphela ngenani elingene nge-piston ehoxisayo emgodini we-piston stroke.

I-valve yevolumu elungisiwe enomkhawulo wokugeleza kokubuya

Lapho uphethiloli uthathelwa ngombhobho, ngemuva kokuthi inaliti ivaliwe, ingcindezi yokubuyela emuva iyakhiwa kulayini. Lo mphumela ungaholela ekugqokeni kwenye ye-valve uqobo. Ngalesi sizathu, ezinye izinhlobo zamaphampu zisebenzisa i-valve yokukhawulela ukugeleza kokubuya. Sisebenza njengesidambisi ukuvimbela ingcindezi emuva ekusebenzeni kuma-valve.

Idivayisi ye-valve enjalo yokukhipha ifaka izinto ezilandelayo:

• Umzimba we-valve uhlanganisiwe (uhlanganiswe esakhiweni sepompo);
• Isiphethu esisebenza njengesici sokudambisa esivimbela umthelela omubi kudayi le-damper uqobo;
• I-Plate - isika umgodi ophakeme kakhulu kusuka emgodini ngaphezu kwesikhala se-plunger;
• Isiphathi lapho ipuleti le-valve lisebenza khona (inesakhiwo esingenalutho - i-piston yokudiliva ingena emgodini).

Imvamisa, lawa ma-valve asetshenziswa njengendlela eyengeziwe yokwenza lula ukusebenza kwe-valve yokuhlola.

Umshini wokucindezela oqhubekayo

Ngaphezu kwezinto eziyinhloko ze-valve, idivayisi yale ndlela ifaka phakathi ibhola nesiteshi esivimbelayo. La ma-valve akwazi ukuletha ingcindezi kaphethiloli eyeqile kwebha engu-800.

Idizayini yayo ifaka ama-valve amabili mini - ingcindezi nokuzinza. Isici sokuqala sinikeza uphethiloli, kanti owesibili ugcina ingcindezi eyenziwe. Lo msebenzi uwuvumela ukuthi ugcine ingcindezi emile phakathi kwezigaba zomjovo.

Ukuguqulwa kwe-valve kuncike kumapharamitha wenjini emotweni. Amanye ama-valve awadalwa yimishini, kodwa yisiginali ephuma kuyunithi yokulawula ngogesi.

Ububanzi nenjongo yokusebenza

Ngokuyisisekelo, i-plunger pair isetshenziswa kumaphampu kaphethiloli anengcindezi ephezulu yamayunithi amandla kadizili, kodwa kukhona nokuguqulwa kwama-ICE kaphethiloli adinga umfutho omkhulu kaphethiloli (isibonelo, ezinjinini ezinomjovo oqondile kaphethiloli), obuye unikezwe yi-plunger. bhanqa.

Kulokhu, i-plunger pair yenza imisebenzi elandelayo:

1. Inikeza ukunikezwa kwamafutha omfutho ophezulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lwesistimu kaphethiloli;
2. Kwamanye amasistimu kaphethiloli, le mishini ilinganisa ngokuzenzakalelayo inani elifanele likaphethiloli ukuze lisebenze ama-injector;
3. Ngenxa yezici zokuklama ze-piston kanye nomkhono, inikeza ushintsho kwimodi yokunikezwa kukaphethiloli kuma-injection.

Ukuze i-plunger pair yenze yonke le misebenzi, isetshenziswa nezinye izindlela ezengeziwe ezihlinzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo nokulawula ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli. Umhlangano obalulekile wepompo ye-fuel-pressure fuel idala ingcindezi edingekayo (ngenxa yezici zokuklama, le mishini ivumela ukucindezela okukhulu okungekho enye impompo yalesi sayizi engakwazi ukuyiphatha), nezinye izakhi zesistimu zinesibopho sokusabalalisa. kanye nokugcina ingcindezi edingekayo kusekethe.

Njengoba i-plunger pair ngisho namasayizi amancane angakha ingcindezi emangalisayo, amayunithi anjalo asetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ezinjini zedizili. Isibonelo, umhlangano onjalo ungatholakala kumaphampu, imishini ye-hydraulic nezinye izindlela ezidala ukucindezela okukhulu futhi zidinga ukuthembeka okuphezulu komhlangano.

Izici ukusebenza ngazimbili plunger futha kaphethiloli

Azikho izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokusevisa ipayipi le-plunger. Kodwa-ke, umnikazi wemoto angenza okuthile ukwenza indlela yokusebenza isebenze isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.

Okokuqala, kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi injini kadizili isebenza kuphethiloli okhethekile, ongaqukatha inani elikhulu lezinhlayiya ezincane. Uma usebenzisa uphethiloli osezingeni eliphansi, igebe phakathi kwe-plunger ne-bushing lingakhuphuka ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwezinhlayiya ezi-abrasive, amanzi nokunye ukungcola kudizili.

Ngalesi sizathu, okuwukuphela kwesondlo umnikazi wemoto angakwenza ukuqapha ikhwalithi kaphethiloli, ukuvimbela ukufinyela kolayini nokushintsha isihlungi ngesikhathi.

Ekuboneni kokuqala, ukutholakala kwamaconsi amanzi kudizili akubonakali kubaluleke kangako, kepha ngenxa yalokhu, ifilimu kaphethiloli esikhaleni se-plunger izowa, futhi lo mshini ngeke ukwazi ukudala ingcindezi efanelekile. Uwoyela kadizili ubuye uthambise izindawo zezingxenye, uvimbele ukungqubuzana lapho womile, futhi uvikele ucingo ukuthi lungashisi kakhulu.

Uma isihlungi sikaphethiloli singashintshiwe ngesikhathi, into yaso ingaqhuma. Ngenxa yalokhu, uphethiloli ongcolile uzofakwa empompini, lapho izinhlayiya ezincane zingaba khona. Kulokhu, kunamathuba aphezulu wokwehluleka kwepompo, ngoba ipara ye-plunger izomane ijamu.

Ungakunquma kanjani ukungasebenzi kahle kwama-plunger pair ngokwakho

Ukusimama kweyunithi yamandla omshini kuncike ekusebenzeni okulungile kwepheya le-plunger. Njengoba lo mshini uyinto esemqoka yepompo enomfutho ophakeme, ukungasebenzi kahle kwayo kuzoholela ekusebenzeni okungazinzi kwepompo, noma nasekuhlulekeni kwayo.

Ukuhlola ukusebenza kwepompo, kuzodingeka ukuthi ukuxilonge. Izitolo eziningi zokulungisa zinemishini ekhethekile yalokhu. Ikuvumela ukuthi unqume ukuthi yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle - uze unqume nesimo sepheya le-plunger. Ngokwemiphumela yokuxilongwa, ochwepheshe bazonikeza ukulungiswa okufanele. Uma i-plunger yehluleka, yonke ikithi kufanele ishintshwe.

Izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle

Iqiniso lokuthi izinkinga nge-plunger pair zivele zifakazelwa yizimpawu "zezimpawu" zokonakala kwepompo kaphethiloli. Phakathi kwazo:

• Ukuqalisa okunzima kweyunithi;
• Ijubane elingenalutho le-injini;
• I-engine triplet;
• Ukulahleka okubukhali kwamandla wenjini yomlilo wangaphakathi;
• Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, imisindo engaphandle izwakala ngokusobala;
• Ukwenyuka "kokuminza" kwemoto.

Ukubuyekeza okungeziwe kuhlola umehluko phakathi kokuhlolwa okubandayo nokushisayo kweplunger:

Udizili uqala ukubanda. Futhi ngeke kuqale kushise. idizili yokugoqa udizili.

Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi i-plunger inephutha, umuntu akufanele ahlasele ukuxilongwa. Ochwepheshe abasebenzisa imishini ekhethekile kuphela abakwazi ukunquma ngokunembile ukungasebenzi kahle. Ngenxa yalokhu, izindleko zokulungisa zizolungiswa - ngeke kudingeke ushintshe izingxenye ezizosebenza isikhathi eside.

Ividiyo ngesihloko

Le vidiyo ibonisa indlela yokubuyisela ipheya ye-plunger:

I-Plunger pair VRZ 149701-0520 Rotor Head Mitsubishi 4M41 ithole i-plunger pair

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yenzani i-plunger pair? Ipheya ye-plunger isetshenziswa kumaphampu kaphethiloli anengcindezi ephezulu. Lo mshini uzohlinzeka ngomfutho ophezulu kakhulu wokuletha uphethiloli osebenzayo kumasilinda.

Ayini ama-plunger assemblies? Lesi yisici esiyinhloko samaphampu omjovo, asetshenziswa kabanzi ezinjinini zikadizili. Ihlukaniswa ngobulula bayo obumangalisayo bokuklama, ukuqina nokuthembeka.

Yini efakwe ku-Plunger Pair? Lo mbhangqwana uqukethe ipiston etholakala esihlahleni esinezindonga eziwugqinsi (isilinda). Kukhona imvume encane phakathi kwabo ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwepiston mahhala.