Ayini amalambu ahambisanayo? Isimiso sokusebenza nenhloso

Ngokufika kwezimoto ezizishintshayo, ingozi yezingozi zomgwaqo inyukile. Yonke imoto entsha, noma imodeli yesabelomali, ivumelaniswa nezidingo ezikhulayo zabashayeli banamuhla. Ngakho-ke, imoto ingathola amandla amakhulu noma ukonga amandla, ukumiswa okuthuthukile, umzimba ohlukile nezinhlobonhlobo ze-elekthronikhi. Njengoba izimoto ezisemgwaqeni zingaba yingozi, umenzi ngamunye uhlomisa imikhiqizo yakhe ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokuphepha.

Lolu hlu lubandakanya kokubili izindlela zokuphepha ezisebenzayo nezenziwa. Isibonelo salokhu ama-airbag (isakhiwo sawo kanye nenqubo yokusebenza kwawo kuchazwe kabanzi kwesinye isihloko). Kodwa-ke, eminye imishini ingakhonjwa kuzo zombili izinhlelo zokuphepha nezokunethezeka. Lesi sigaba sifaka ilambu lekhanda lemoto. Ayikho imoto engasanikezwa yona ngaphandle kokukhanyiswa kwangaphandle. Lolu hlelo lukuvumela ukuthi uqhubeke nokushayela noma kumnyama, ngoba umgwaqo uyabonakala ngenxa yesibani sokukhanya esiphambili semoto.

Izimoto zesimanje zingasebenzisa ama-bulb ahlukene ukwenza ukukhanya komgwaqo (ama-standard standard enza umsebenzi ongemuhle walokhu, ikakhulukazi kusihlwa). Izinhlobo zazo nomsebenzi zichazwe ngokuningiliziwe. lapha... Ngaphandle kokuthi izinto ezintsha zokukhanya kwekhanda zibonisa ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokukhanya, zisesekude kakhulu. Ngalesi sizathu, abakhiqizi bezimoto abahamba phambili bathuthukisa izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ukufeza ukubekwa okuhle phakathi kokukhanyisa okuphephile nokusebenzayo.

Intuthuko enjalo ifaka ukukhanya okuguqukayo. Ezimotweni zakudala, umshayeli angavula ugongolo oluphansi noma oluphezulu, futhi avule ubukhulu (mayelana nokuthi yimuphi umsebenzi abawenzayo, funda ngokwehlukana). Kepha ukushintsha okunjalo ezimweni eziningi akuhlinzeki ngokubonakala okuhle komgwaqo. Isibonelo, imodi yedolobha ayikuvumeli ukusetshenziswa kogongolo oluphakeme, futhi ekukhanyeni okuphansi komgwaqo kuvame ukuba nzima ukubona. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukushintshela esigxotsheni esiphansi kuvame ukwenza umgwaqo ungabonakali, okungadala ukuthi umuntu ohamba ngezinyawo asondele kakhulu emotweni, futhi umshayeli angahle angamnaki.

Isixazululo esisebenzayo ukwenza i-optics eshaya ibhalansi ephelele phakathi kokukhanyiswa komgwaqo nokuphepha komgwaqo ozayo. Cabanga ngedivayisi, izinhlobo nezinhlobo ze-optics eziguqukayo.

Yiziphi izibani eziguqukayo nezibani eziguqukayo?

I-optics eguquguqukayo uhlelo olushintsha ukuqondiswa kwesibani sokukhanya ngokuya ngesimo sethrafikhi. Umkhiqizi ngamunye usebenzisa lo mbono ngendlela yakhe. Ngokuya ngokuguqulwa kwedivayisi, ilambu elizimele lishintsha ngokuzimela indawo yesibani esikhanyayo ku-reflector, ivule / icishe ezinye izakhi ze-LED noma iguqule ukukhanya kokukhanyisa kwesigaba esithile somgwaqo.

Kukhona ukuguqulwa okuningana kwezinhlelo ezinjalo ezisebenza ngokuhlukile futhi eziguqulelwa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zokukhanya (i-matrix, i-LED, i-laser noma uhlobo lwe-LED). Idivayisi enjalo isebenza ngemodi ezenzakalelayo futhi ayidingi ukulungiswa mathupha. Ukuze lusebenze kahle, uhlelo luvumelaniswe nezinye izinhlelo zokuhamba. Ukugqama nokuma kwezinto ezikhanyayo kulawulwa yiyunithi ehlukile yogesi.

Nazi izimo ezimbalwa lapho ukukhanya okujwayelekile kwehluleka khona:

• Ukushayela emgwaqeni omkhulu ngaphandle kwedolobha kuvumela umshayeli ukuthi asebenzise lolu gongolo oluphakeme. Isimo esibalulekile kuleli cala ukungabikho kwethrafikhi ezayo. Kodwa-ke, abanye abashayeli ababoni njalo ukuthi bahamba ngemodi yamabanga amalambu akhanyayo, kanye nabahlanganyeli bezimoto abangaboni (noma esibukweni sabashayeli bezimoto ngaphambili). Ukwandisa ukuphepha ezimweni ezinjalo, ilambu eliguqukayo lizishintsha ngokuzenzekelayo ukukhanya.
• Lapho imoto ingena ekhoneni eliqinile, amalambu akudala akhanya phambili kuphela. Ngalesi sizathu, umshayeli ubona umgwaqo ungahambi kahle ejikeni. Isibani esizishintshayo siphendula ukuthi isondo lokuqondisa liphendukela ngakuphi, futhi ngokufanele liqondisa isibani sokukhanya lapho umgwaqo uholela khona.
• Isimo esifanayo lapho imoto ikhuphuka intaba. Kulokhu, isibani sishaya phezulu futhi asikhanyisi umgwaqo. Futhi uma enye imoto ishayela ngakuwena, ilambu elibuhlungu ngokuqinisekile liyomenza angaboni umshayeli. Umphumela ofanayo uyabonakala lapho ukunqoba ukudlula. Idrayivu eyengeziwe kulambu lwangaphambili ikuvumela ukuthi ushintshe i-angle yokuthambekela kwesikhanyisi noma into ekhanyayo uqobo ukuze umgwaqo uhlale ubukwa ngangokunokwenzeka. Kulokhu, uhlelo lusebenzisa inzwa ekhethekile ethola umthamo wendlela futhi ilungise ukusebenza kwe-optics ngokufanele.
• Kumodi yedolobha, ebusuku, ngenkathi ushayela ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo ezingakhanyisiwe, umshayeli ubona ezinye izimoto kuphela. Uma udinga ukujika, kunzima kakhulu ukuqaphela abahamba ngezinyawo noma abagibeli bamabhayisikili endleleni. Esimweni esinjalo, i-automation isebenza ngokukhanya okwengeziwe, okukhanyisa indawo yokuphenduka yemoto.

Okuhlukile kokuguqulwa okuhlukile ukuthi ukuze kusebenze imisebenzi ethile, ijubane lomshini kufanele lihambisane nenani elithile. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kusiza abashayeli ukuhambisana nemikhawulo yejubane evunyelwe ngaphakathi kwemingcele yezindawo zokuhlala.

Umlando wemvelaphi

Ngokokuqala ngqa, ubuchwepheshe bamalambu angaphambili abakwaziyo ukuguqula ukuqondiswa kwesibani sokukhanya busetshenzisiwe kumodeli yesakhiwo sodumo seCitroen DS kusukela ngo-1968. Imoto ithole uhlelo olunesizotha kodwa olusekuqaleni olwaphendulela izibani zamalambu ngokuya kwesiteringi. Lo mbono waqaphela onjiniyela benkampani yaseFrance iCibie (eyasungulwa ngo-1909). Namuhla lo mkhiqizo uyingxenye yenkampani yeValeo.

Yize ngaleso sikhathi le divayisi yayingeyona ekahle ngenxa yokuxhuma komzimba okuqinile phakathi kwe-headlight drive nesiteringi, lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwakha isisekelo sazo zonke izinhlelo ezalandela. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, amalambu aqhutshwa ngamandla ahlukaniswe njengamathoyizi kunezixhobo eziwusizo. Zonke izinkampani ezizame ukusizakala ngalo mbono zibhekane nenkinga eyodwa engakuvumeli ukwenza ngcono uhlelo. Ngenxa yokuxhunywa kwamalambu amalambu esiteringini, isibani besisephuzile ukuzivumelanisa nokugoba.

Ngemuva kokuthi inkampani yaseFrance esungulwe nguLéon Sibier ibe yingxenye yeValeo, lobu buchwepheshe bathola "umoya wesibili". Uhlelo lwathuthuka ngokushesha okukhulu kangangokuba akekho umkhiqizi okwazile ukufika ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwento entsha. Ngenxa yokwethulwa kwalo mshini ohlelweni lokukhanyisa lwangaphandle lwezimoto, ukushayela imoto ebusuku sekuvikelekile.

Uhlelo lokuqala olusebenzayo ngempela kwakuyi-AFS. Intsha yavela emakethe ngaphansi komkhiqizo weValeo ngo-2000. Ukuguqulwa kokuqala kwakune-drive enamandla, eyasabela ekuphendukeni kwesondo lokushayela. Kulesi simo kuphela izinhlelo bezingenakho ukuxhumana okuqinile kwemishini. Izinga ilambu elikhanyise ngalo lalincike esivinini semoto. Imodeli yokuqala yokufaka imishini enjalo kwakuyiPorsche Cayenne. Lolu hlobo lwemishini lwalubizwa ngohlelo lwe-FBL. Uma imoto ibihamba ngejubane elikhulu, amalambu angaphambili ajike ohlangothini lwejika nge-45 degrees.

I-Porsche Cayenne

Ngemuva kwesikhashana, uhlelo lwathola into entsha. Intsha yaqanjwa ngokuthi yiCorner. Lesi yisici esingeziwe esimile esikhanyisa indawo yokuphenduka lapho imoto ibizohamba khona. Ingxenye yomgwaqo wawukhanyiswa ngokukhanyisa ilambu lenkungu elaliqondiswe kancane kude nogongolo oluphakathi nendawo. Le nto ingasebenza uma kuvulwa isondo lokushayela, kepha kaningi ngemuva kokuvula isignali yokujika. I-analogue yalolu hlelo ivame ukutholakala kwamanye amamodeli. Isibonelo salokhu yi-BMW X3 (kuvulwa into yangaphandle, imvamisa isibani senkungu ku-bumper) noma i-Citroen C5 (ukukhanya okwengeziwe okukhanyisiwe okukhanyisiwe kuvuliwe).

I-Citroen C5

Ukuvela okulandelayo kohlelo kuthinta umkhawulo wejubane. Ukuguqulwa kwe-DBL kunqume ijubane lemoto futhi kwalungisa ukukhanya kokukhanya kwezinto (ngokushesha imoto ihamba, ukukhanya kwelambu kuyakhanya). Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho imoto ingena ejikeni elide ngejubane, ingxenye yangaphakathi ye-arc iyakhanyiswa ukuze kungaphuphuthekisi abashayeli bezimoto ezizayo, futhi ugongolo lwe-arc yangaphandle lushaya ngokuqhubekayo nangokubamba eceleni ngakujika.

Kusukela ngo-2004, uhlelo luye lwavela nakakhulu. Ukuguqulwa okugcwele kwe-AFS sekuvele. Le inketho ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele engasasebenzi ngokuya ngezenzo zomshayeli, kepha ngokufundwa kwezinzwa ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, esigabeni esiqondile somgwaqo, umshayeli angenza indlela yokudlula isithiyo esincane (imbobo noma isilwane), futhi ukukhanyisa ilambu lokuvula akudingeki.

Njengokulungiswa kwefektri, uhlelo olunjalo seluvele lutholakele ku-Audi Q7 (2009). Iqukethe amamojula e-LED ahlukene akhanya ngokuya ngamasiginali avela kuyunithi yokulawula. Izibani zangaphambili zalolu hlobo ziyakwazi ukujika zibheke phezulu futhi zibheke phezulu. Kepha ngisho nalokhu kuguqulwa kwakungaphelele. Isibonelo, kwenze ukushayela ebusuku edolobheni kuphephe kakhulu, kepha lapho imoto ihamba emgwaqeni ojiyayo ngejubane elikhulu, i-elektroniki ibingakwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimela ugongolo oluphakeme / oluphansi - umshayeli bekufanele akwenze lokhu yedwa ukuze ukuphuphuthekisa abanye abasebenzisi bomgwaqo.

I-Audi Q7 2009

Isizukulwane esilandelayo se-optic adaptive sibizwa nge-GFHB. Ingqikithi yesistimu imi kanje. Imoto ebusuku ingahamba njalo ngogongolo olukhulu. Lapho ithrafikhi ezayo ivela emgwaqeni, i-elekthronikhi iphendula ekukhanyeni okukuyo, bese icisha lezo zinto ezikhanyisa leyo ndawo yomgwaqo (noma ezihambisa ama-LED, zenze isithunzi). Ngenxa yalokhu kuthuthukiswa, ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngesivinini esikhulu emgwaqeni omkhulu, umshayeli angasebenzisa ugongolo oluphakeme ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa ngaphandle kokulimaza abanye abasebenzisi bomgwaqo. Ngokokuqala ngqa, le mishini yaqala ukufakwa kudivayisi yamalambu athile e-xenon ngo-2010.

Ngokufika kwe-matrix optics, isistimu yokukhanya eguqukayo ithole esinye isibuyekezo. Okokuqala, ukusetshenziswa kwamabhulokhi e-LED kwenza ukuthi kube lula ukwenza ukukhanya okungaphandle kwemoto kukhanye kakhulu, futhi impilo yokusebenza ye-optics yanda kakhulu. Ukusebenza kahle kwamalambu asekhoneni nokugoba okude kuye kwanda, futhi ngokuvela kwezinye izimoto phambi kwemoto, umhubhe wokukhanya ucace bha. Isici salokhu kuguqulwa yisikrini esibonakalayo esihamba ngaphakathi kwesibani. Le nto inikeze ushintsho olubushelelezi phakathi kwamamodi. Lobu buchwepheshe bungatholakala kwiFord S-Max.

Isizukulwane esilandelayo ubuchwepheshe obubizwa nge-Sail Beam, obasetshenziswa ku-xenon optics. Lokhu kuguqulwa kususe ukungalungi kwalolu hlobo lwamalambu. Kokukhanya okunjalo, ukuma kwesibani kushintshile, kepha ngemuva kokumnyama kwesigaba somgwaqo, indlela ayizange ivumele into ukuthi ibuyele masinyane endaweni yayo yasekuqaleni. Ukukhanya kweseyili kususe lokhu kusilela ngokwethula amamojula amabili azimele ekukhanyeni kwelambu. Ziqondiswe njalo emkhathizwe. Ugongolo olucwilisiwe lusebenza ngokungaguquguquki, kuthi olwezingqimba akhanye ebangeni. Lapho kuvela imoto ezayo, i-elekthronikhi iqhubukusha lawa ma-module ukuze umsebe okhanyayo usikwe ube izingxenye ezimbili, phakathi kwazo okwakhiwa isithunzi. Njengoba izimoto zisondela, ukuma kwala malambu nakho kushintshile.

Isikrini esinyakazayo siyasetshenziswa ukusebenza nethunzi elinamandla. Ukuma kwayo kuncike ekusondeleni kwemoto ezayo. Kodwa-ke, nakulesi simo, kube khona ukubuyela emuva okukhulu. Isikrini sikwazi kuphela ukwenza mnyama ingxenye eyodwa yomgwaqo. Ngakho-ke, uma kuvela izimoto ezimbili kulayini ophambene, isikrini ngasikhathi sinye sivimbe isibani sokukhanya sazo zombili izimoto. Isizukulwane esengeziwe sohlelo sabizwa ngeMatrix Beam. Ifakwe kwezinye izinhlobo ze-Audi.

Lokhu kuguqulwa kunamamojula e-LED amaningi, ngalinye elibhekele ukukhanyisa indawo ethile yethrekhi. Isistimu icisha iyunithi, ngokusho kwezinzwa, elizophuphuthekisa umshayeli wemoto ezayo. Kulesi sakhiwo, i-elektroniki iyakwazi ukucisha nakumayunithi ahlukene, ukuzivumelanisa nenani lezimoto ezisemgwaqweni. Inani lamamojula alinganiselwe. Inombolo yabo incike kubukhulu bendlambi, ngakho-ke uhlelo alukwazi ukulawula ukufiphala kwemoto ngayinye uma ithrafikhi ezayo incane.

Isizukulwane esilandelayo siqeda lo mphumela ngezinga elithile. Ukuthuthukiswa kwaqanjwa ngokuthi "Ukukhanya kwePixel". Kulokhu, ama-LED alungisiwe. Ngokuqondile, ukukhanya okukhanyayo sekuvele kwenziwa ngesibonisi se-matrix LCD. Lapho imoto ivela kulayini ozayo, kuvela "i-pixel ephukile" kugongolo (isikwele esimnyama esakha ukucisha emgwaqweni). Ngokungafani nokuguqulwa kwangaphambilini, le ntuthuko iyakwazi ukulandelela ngasikhathi sinye nokufiphaza izimoto eziningana ngasikhathi sinye.

I-optic yakamuva eguquguqukayo namuhla i-laser light. Ilambu elinjalo likwazi ukushaya imoto ngaphambili ebangeni elingamamitha angama-500. Lokhu kufinyelelwa ngenxa yesigxobo esigxilile sokukhanya okuphezulu. Emgwaqweni, kuphela labo abanokubona kude abakwazi ukubona izinto kuleli banga. Kepha ugongolo olunamandla kangaka luzoba wusizo lapho imoto ihamba endaweni eqondile yomgwaqo ngejubane elikhulu, ngokwesibonelo, emgwaqeni omkhulu. Uma ucabanga ngejubane elikhulu lezokuthutha, umshayeli kufanele abe nesikhathi esanele sokuphendula ngesikhathi lapho isimo emgwaqweni sishintsha.

Inhloso nezindlela zokusebenza

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona kumlando wohlelo, lwakhiwa futhi lwathuthukiswa ngomgomo owodwa. Ngenkathi ushayela ebusuku nganoma yisiphi isivinini, umshayeli kufanele aqhubeke nokuqapha isimo emgwaqeni: kukhona abahamba ngezinyawo emgwaqeni, umuntu owela umgwaqo endaweni engafanele, ingabe kukhona ingozi yokushaya isithiyo (isibonelo, igatsha noma imbobo ku-asphalt). Ukulawula zonke lezi zimo, ukukhanya kwekhwalithi kubaluleke kakhulu. Inkinga ukuthi esimweni se-optics esimile, akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuyinikeza ngaphandle kokulimaza kubashayeli bezimoto ezizayo - ugongolo oluphakeme (luhlala lukhanya njalo kunalolo oluseduze) luzobaphuphuthekisa.

Ukusiza umshayeli, abenzi bezimoto banikela ngokushintshwa okuhlukahlukene okuguquguqukayo kokukhanya. Konke kuncike kumakhono wezezimali womthengi wemoto. Lezi zinhlelo ziyahlukahluka hhayi kuphela emabhuloki ezinto ezikhanyayo, kepha futhi kumgomo wokusebenza kokufakwa ngakunye. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwamadivayisi, izindlela ezilandelayo zokukhanyisa umgwaqo zingatholakala kumshayeli:

1. Idolobha... Le modi isebenza ngejubane eliphansi (yingakho igama - idolobha). Amalambu angaphambili akhanya kakhulu ngenkathi imoto ihamba ibanga elingamakhilomitha angama-55 ngehora.
2. Umgwaqo wezwe... I-elekthronikhi ihambisa izinto ezikhanyayo ukuze uhlangothi lwangakwesokudla lomgwaqo lukhanyiswe ngokuqinile, kanti ngakwesobunxele kumodi ejwayelekile. Le asymmetry yenza kube lula ukubona abahamba ngezinyawo noma izinto ohlangothini lomgwaqo ngaphambili. Ukukhanya okunjalo kuyadingeka, ngoba kule ndlela imoto ihamba ngokushesha (umsebenzi usebenza ku-55-100 km / h), futhi umshayeli kufanele aqaphele izinto zangaphandle ezisendleleni yemoto ngaphambili. Ngasikhathi sinye, umshayeli ozayo akafakwa mpumputhe.
3. Umgwaqo... Njengoba imoto ethrekhi ihamba ngejubane elingamakhilomitha ayi-100 ngehora, khona-ke ukukhanya kwelambu kufanele kube kukhulu. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa ugongolo ofanayo we-asymmetric, njengakwimodi yangaphambilini, ukuze abashayeli bomugqa ohlukile bangakhanyi.
4. Kude / kuseduze... Lezi izindlela ezijwayelekile ezitholakala kuzo zonke izimoto. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi ezintweni eziguquguqukayo eziguquguqukayo zizishintshela zona (umshayeli akayilawuli le nqubo).
5. Ilambu elikhanyayo... Kuya ngokuthi imoto ijikela ngakuphi, ilensi iyahamba ukuze umshayeli akwazi ukubona ubunjalo bejika nezinto zangaphandle ezisendleleni yemoto.
6. Izimo zomgwaqo ezingezinhle... Inkungu nemvula enamandla kuhlangene nobumnyama kubeka ingozi enkulu kakhulu ezimotweni ezihambayo. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesistimu nezinto ezikhanyayo, i-elekthronikhi inquma ukuthi ukukhanya kufanele kukhanye kangakanani.

1) Ukuvula ukukhanya; 2) Ukukhanya kwangemuva ezimweni ezimbi zomgwaqo (isibonelo, inkungu); 3) Imodi yedolobha (ebomvu), ithrafikhi yomgwaqo (iwolintshi); 4) Trunk imodi

Umsebenzi obalulekile wokukhanya okuguquguqukayo ukunciphisa ingozi yengozi ngenxa yokushayisana nomuntu ohamba ngezinyawo noma isithiyo ngenxa yokuthi umshayeli akakwazanga ukubona ingozi ebumnyameni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Izinketho zamalambu eziguqukayo

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokukhanya okuguqukayo yilezi:

• AFS. Ngokwezwi nezwi, lesi sifinyezo esisuka esiNgisini sihumusha njengohlelo olukhanyayo lwangaphambili. Izinkampani ezahlukahlukene zikhipha imikhiqizo yazo ngaphansi kwaleli gama. Uhlelo lwasungulelwa amamodeli womkhiqizo weVolkswagen. Izibani zangaphambili ezinjalo ziyakwazi ukuguqula ukuqondiswa kwesibani sokukhanya. Lo msebenzi usebenza ngesisekelo sama-algorithms asebenzayo lapho isondo lokuqondisa liphendulwa ngezinga elithile. Okucacile kwalokhu kuguqulwa ukuthi kuhambisana kuphela ne-bi-xenon optics. Iyunithi yokulawula amalambu iqondiswa ukufundwa okuvela ezinzwa ezahlukahlukene, ukuze kuthi lapho umshayeli ezungeza isithiyo esithile emgwaqeni, i-elekthronikhi ayizishintshi amalambu kumodi yokukhanya ekhoneni, futhi ama-bulb aqhubeka nokukhanya phambili.
• I-AFL. Ngempela, lesi sifinyezo sihumusha njengohlelo lokukhanyisa umgwaqo oluguqukayo. Lolu hlelo lutholakala kwezinye izinhlobo ze-Opel. Lokhu kuguqulwa kwehlukile kunokwedlule ngoba akugcini nje ngokushintsha ukuqondiswa kwezikhombisi, kepha futhi kunikeza nokulungiswa okungaguquki kwesibani sokukhanya. Lo msebenzi utholakala ngokufaka ama-bulb angeziwe. Ziyakhanya lapho okuphindwayo kucushiwe. Electronics inquma ukuthi imoto ihamba ngejubane elingakanani. Uma le pharamitha ingaphezulu kuka-70 km / h, uhlelo luguqula kuphela ukuqondiswa kwamalambu uqobo, kuya ngokujika kwesiteringi. Kodwa lapho nje isivinini semoto sincipha siye kokuvunyelwa edolobheni, amashifu ngokungeziwe akhanyiswa ilambu lenkungu elihambisanayo noma ilambu elengeziwe elisezindlini eziphambili.

Ochwepheshe bokukhathazeka nge-VAG bathuthukisa ngenkuthalo uhlelo lokukhanyisa oluguqukayo lomgwaqo (funda ngokuthi yiziphi izinkampani eziyingxenye yalokhu kukhathazeka. kwesinye isihloko). Ngaphandle kokuthi namuhla kunezinhlelo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, kunezidingo eziguqukayo zedivayisi, futhi ezinye izinguquko zohlelo zingavela ezimotweni zesabelomali.

Izinhlobo zezinhlelo eziguqukayo

Uhlelo olusebenza kahle kakhulu namuhla lubhekwa njengolwenza yonke imisebenzi echazwe ngenhla. Kepha kulabo abangakwazi ukukhokhela uhlelo olunjalo, abenzi bezimoto nabo banikela ngezinketho zesabelomali.

Lolu hlu lubandakanya izinhlobo ezimbili zamadivayisi anjalo:

1. Uhlobo lweDynamic. Kulokhu, amalambu anemishini yokujikajika. Lapho umshayeli ephendula isondo lokushayela, i-elekthronikhi ihambisa ukuma kwesibani ngasohlangothini olufanayo namasondo ajikelezayo (kufana nelambu lesithuthuthu). Ukushintsha izindlela kuzinhlelo ezinjalo kungaba yinto ejwayelekile - kusuka eduze kuze kube kude futhi okuphambene nalokho. Okucacile kwalokhu kuguqulwa ukuthi izibani azizungezi nge-engeli elifanayo. Ngakho-ke, ilambu lesibani elikhanyisa ingaphakathi lejika lizohlala lihamba endizeni enezingqimba engxenyeni enkulu uma iqhathaniswa nengaphandle. Isizathu ukuthi ezinhlelweni zesabelomali, ubukhulu begongolo abuguquki, futhi umshayeli kufanele abone ngokusobala hhayi kuphela ngaphakathi kwethuba, kodwa futhi nomzila ahamba kuwo, nengxenye yomgwaqo. Idivayisi isebenza ngesisekelo se-servo drive, ethola amasiginali afanele kusuka kuyunithi yokulawula.
2. Uhlobo oluqinile. Le inketho yesabelomali ethe xaxa, njengoba ingenayo idrayivu yokukhanya. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kunikezwa ngokuvula into eyengeziwe yokukhanya, ngokwesibonelo, amalambu enkungu noma ilensi ehlukile efakwe kukhanya uqobo. Kuyiqiniso, lokhu kulungiswa kutholakala kuphela kwimodi yedolobha (amalambu afakiwe akhanyisiwe, futhi imoto ihamba ngesivinini esifinyelela kumakhilomitha angama-55 / ihora). Imvamisa, ukukhanya okungeziwe kuvela lapho umshayeli ejika ephendukeni noma ephendulela isiteringi ekhoneni elithile.

Izinhlelo ze-Premium zifaka ukuguqulwa okungagcini nje ngokubeka inkomba yesibani sokukhanya, kodwa futhi, ngokuya ngesimo somgwaqo, kungashintsha ukukhanya kwesibani nokuthambekela kwamalambu angaphambili uma kunqotshwa ukudlula. Kumamodeli wemoto yesabelomali, uhlelo olunjalo alukaze lufakwe, ngoba lusebenza ngenxa ye-elekthronikhi eyinkimbinkimbi nenombolo enkulu yezinzwa. Futhi maqondana nokukhanya kwe-premium adaptive light, ithola imininingwane kusuka kwikhamera yevidiyo engaphambili, icubungula lesi siginali futhi isebenze imodi ehambisanayo ngomzuzwana ohlukanisiwe.

Cabanga ngale divayisi, nokuthi amasistimu amabili wokukhanya okuzenzakalelayo azosebenza ngasiphi isimiso.

Isakhiwo nomgomo wokusebenza kwe-AFS

Njengoba sekushiwo, lolu hlelo lushintsha ukuqondiswa kokukhanya. Lokhu ukulungiswa okuguqukayo. Emibhalweni yezobuchwepheshe yamamodeli weVolkswagen, isifinyezo se-LWR singatholakala futhi (ukukhanya kwethambi kuyashintsha). Uhlelo lusebenza ngezinto zokukhanya ze-xenon. Idivayisi yohlelo olunjalo ifaka iyunithi yokulawula ngayinye, ehambisana nezinzwa eziningana. Uhlu lwezinzwa ezinamasiginali aqoshwe ukucacisa ukuma kwamalensi lubandakanya:

• Ijubane lomshini;
• Izikhundla zamasondo okushayela (efakwe endaweni yokubeka isiteringi, engafundwa ngayo ngokwehlukana);
• Izinhlelo zokuqina kwezimoto, i-ESP (isebenza kanjani, funda lapha);
• Ama-wiper ewindscreen.

I-optic ejwayelekile eguquguqukayo isebenza ngokuya ngalesi simiso esilandelayo. Iyunithi yokulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi iqopha amasiginali avela kuzo zonke izinzwa ezixhunywe ocingweni, nakwikhamera yevidiyo (ukutholakala kwayo kuncike ekuguqulweni kwesistimu). Lezi zimpawu zivumela i-elektroniki ukuthi inqume ngokuzimela ukuthi imuphi imodi ezosebenza.

Okulandelayo, uhlelo lwe-headlight drive lucushiwe, okuthi, ngokuya ngobuchule beyunithi yokulawula, iqhube i-servo drive futhi ihambise amalensi endaweni efanele. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukukhanya kwesibani kuyalungiswa ngokuya ngesimo sethrafikhi. Ukwenza kusebenze uhlelo, kufanele uhambise iswishi iye ku-Auto position.

Isakhiwo nomgomo wokusebenza kohlelo lwe-AFL

Lokhu kuguqulwa, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, akugcini nje ngokushintsha ukuqondiswa kokukhanya, kodwa futhi kukhanyisa ukujika ngama-stationary ngejubane eliphansi. Lolu hlelo lusetshenziswa ezimotweni zakwa-Opel. Idivayisi yalokhu kuguqulwa ayihlukile ngokuyisisekelo. Kulokhu, ukuklanywa kwamalambu kufakwe ama-bulb angeziwe.

Lapho imoto ihamba ngejubane elikhulu, i-elekthronikhi ilungisa izinga lokuzungezisa isondo lokushayela iphinde ihambise amalambu ohlangothini olufanele. Uma umshayeli edinga ukuzungeza isithiyo, khona-ke ukukhanya kuzoshaya ngqo, njengoba inzwa yokuqina ibhalise ushintsho esimweni somzimba, futhi i-algorithm efanelekile yenziwa kuyunithi yokulawula, evimbela i-elektroniki ekuhambeni amalambu.

Ngejubane eliphansi, ukujika isondo lokushayela kumane kuvule ukukhanya okwengeziwe ohlangothini. Esinye isici se-optics ye-AFL ukuhambisana nama-optics akhethekile, akhanya ngokukhanyayo ngokulinganayo kuzo zombili izindlela zebanga elide nelifushane. Kulezi zimo, ukuthambekela kogongolo kuyashintsha.

Nazi ezinye izici ezimbalwa zalesi optics:

• Iyakwazi ukushintsha i-angle yokuthambekela kwesigxobo sokukhanya kufinyelele kuma-degree ayi-15, okuthuthukisa ukubonakala lapho ukhuphuka noma wehla entabeni;
• Uma ubheke ekhoneni, ukubonakala komgwaqo kukhuphuka ngamaphesenti angama-90;
• Ngenxa yokukhanyisa okusemaceleni, kulula ukuthi umshayeli adlule ezimpambanweni zemigwaqo futhi aqaphele abahamba ngezinyawo ngesikhathi (kwezinye izinhlobo zezimoto, kusetshenziswa i-alamu elincane, eliqhweba iso abahamba ngezinyawo, ukuxwayisa ngemoto esondelayo);
• Lapho ushintsha imizila, uhlelo alushintshi imodi;
• Ilawula ngokuzimela ukuguquka kusuka kwimodi yokukhanya esondele kuye kude futhi okuphambene nalokho.

Ngaphandle kwalezi zinzuzo, i-optics eguquguqukayo isangenakufinyeleleka kubashayeli abaningi, ngoba imvamisa ifakwa ezintweni eziphambili zezimoto ezibizayo. Ngaphezu kwezindleko eziphezulu, ukulungisa izindlela ezinamaphutha noma ukuthola amaphutha ku-elekthronikhi kuzobiza kakhulu kumnikazi walezo zinto zokukhanya.

Kusho ukuthini i-AFS OFF?

Lapho umshayeli ebona umlayezo othi AFS OFF kuphaneli yethuluzi, kusho ukuthi amalambu engaphambili awalungiswa ngokuzenzakalela. Umshayeli kufanele azimele ngokuzimela phakathi kogongolo oluphansi / oluphakeme. I-elekthronikhi iyasebenza ngokusebenzisa inkinobho ehambisanayo kuswishi yekholomu yokuqondisa noma kuphaneli yesikhungo.

Kwenzeka ukuthi uhlelo luzenze lungasebenzi. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kwenzeka lapho isoftware iphahlazeka. Le nkinga isuswa ngokucindezela inkinobho ye-AFS futhi. Uma ingakusizi, udinga ukucisha ukuthungela bese uyivula futhi ukuze uhlelo olukubhodi lemoto luzokwazi ukuzihlola.

Uma kukhona ukuwohloka okuthile ohlelweni lokukhanya okuguqukayo, khona-ke ngeke kuvuleke. Amaphutha avimbela i-electronics ekusebenzeni afaka:

• Ukuwohloka kwesinye sezinzwa ezihambisana nohlelo;
• Amaphutha amayunithi wokulawula;
• Ukungasebenzi kahle ezintanjeni (oxhumana naye ulahlekile noma ukuhlukana komugqa);
• Ukwehluleka kweyunithi yokulawula.

Ukuthola ukuthi yini kahle kahle ukungasebenzi kahle, udinga ukuthatha imoto ihlole ikhompyutha (ukuthi le nqubo yenziwa kanjani, funda lapha).

Yimaphi amagama amasistimu afanayo avela kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene?

Yonke i-automaker ehlomisa izimoto zayo ngokukhanya okuguqukayo inegama layo lentuthuko. Ngaphandle kokuthi lolu hlelo lwaziwa emhlabeni wonke, izinkampani ezintathu zibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni nasekuthuthukiseni lobu buchwepheshe:

• I-Opel. Le nkampani ibiza uhlelo lwayo i-AFL (Additional Side Illumination);
• Mazda. Umkhiqizo uqamba ukuthuthukiswa kwawo i-AFLS;
• IVolkswagen. Lo mshini wezimoto waba ngowokuqala ukwethula umqondo kaLéon Sibier ezimotweni zokukhiqiza futhi wabiza uhlelo i-AFS.

Yize kusesimweni esijwayelekile, lezi zinhlelo zitholakala kumamodeli ale mikhiqizo, abanye abenzi bezimoto bazama ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokunethezeka kokushayela ebusuku, behlanza kancane ama-optics amamodeli abo. Kodwa-ke, ukuguqulwa okunjalo akunakubizwa ngamalambu aguqukayo.

Luyini uhlelo lwe-AFLS?

Njengoba sishilo phambilini, uhlelo lwe-AFLS luyintuthuko yeMazda. Empeleni, yehluke kakhulu entuthukweni edlule. Umehluko kuphela usezincwadini zokwakheka kwamalambu ezinto ezisindayo nezinto ezilula, kanye nokulungiswa okuncane kwezindlela ezisebenzayo. Ngakho-ke, umkhiqizi usethe i-engeli ephezulu yokuthambekisa ehlobene nendawo maphakathi ne-7 degrees. Ngokusho konjiniyela benkampani yaseJapan, le parameter iphephe ngangokunokwenzeka kuthrafikhi ezayo.

Eminye imisebenzi yokukhanya okuguqukayo okuvela kwaMazda ifaka phakathi:

• Ukushintsha ukuma kwamalambu aphezulu ngokuvundlile kungakapheli ama-degree ayi-15;
• Iyunithi yokulawula ithola ukuma kwemoto maqondana nomgwaqo bese ilungisa i-angle eqondile yamalambu. Isibonelo, uma ilayishwe ngokugcwele, ingemuva lemoto lingahlala phansi ngamandla, nengaphambili lingaphakama. Endabeni yamalambu avamile, ngisho nogodo olucwilisiwe luzokhazimulisa ithrafikhi ezayo. Lolu hlelo lususa lo mphumela;
• Ukukhanya kwejika empambanweni yomgwaqo kunikezwa ukuze umshayeli akwazi ukubona ngesikhathi izinto zangaphandle ezingadala isimo esiphuthumayo.

Ngakho-ke, ukukhanya okuguqukayo kunikeza induduzo enkulu nokuphepha ngesikhathi sokushayela ebusuku. Ngokwengeziwe, siphakamisa ukuthi ubheke ukuthi enye yezinhlobonhlobo zalezi zinhlelo isebenza kanjani:

I-Škoda Octavia 2020 - yilona onokukhanya okuhle okujwayelekile!

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yini amalambu aguqukayo? Lawa amalambu angaphambili ane-electronic adjustment of the direction of the light beam. Kuye ngemodeli yesistimu, lo mphumela utholakala ngokushintsha izibani ezengeziwe noma ngokuguqula isibonisi.

Iyini i-AFS kumalambu? Igama eligcwele i-Advanced Frontlighting System. Ukuhunyushwa kwegama elithi - adaptive front lighting system. Lolu hlelo luhlanganiswe neyunithi yokulawula eyinhloko.

Wazi kanjani amalambu aguqukayo noma cha? Kumalambu aguqukayo, kukhona idrayivu yesibonisi noma ilensi ngokwayo. Uma ingekho injini enomshini, khona-ke izibani zangaphambili aziguquki.

Ayini ama-adaptive xenon headlights? Lokhu kuyi-headlamp, lapho kufakwa khona umshini onenjini kagesi, ojikeleza i-lens ngokuhambisana nokujikeleza kwesondo lokuqondisa (isebenza ngenzwa yokujikeleza kwesondo).