Konke mayelana nenjini camshaft

I-camshaft yenjini

Ukusebenza okuzinzile kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, ingxenye ngayinye ngayinye idlala umsebenzi obalulekile. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-camshaft. Cabanga ukuthi yini ukusebenza kwawo, ukuthi yimaphi amaphutha okwenzekayo, futhi kuziphi izimo lapho kudinga ukuthi kufakwe khona okunye.

Yini i-camshaft

Ezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ezinohlobo lwe-four-stroke yokusebenza, i-camshaft iyisici esibalulekile, ngaphandle kwalokho umoya omusha noma ingxube ye-air-fuel ngeke ingene kumasilinda. Leli shaft elifakwe ekhanda lesilinda. Kudingeka ukuvula ama-valve okungena kanye nokukhipha ngesikhathi esifanele.

I-camshaft ngayinye inamakhamera (ama-eccentrics amise okwe-teardrop) aphusha i-piston pusher, evula imbobo ehambisanayo kugumbi lesilinda. Izinjini ze-Classic ezine-stroke zihlala zisebenzisa ama-camshafts (kungase kube ezimbili, ezine noma eyodwa).

Ukuthi isebenza kanjani

I-drive pulley (noma inkanyezi, kuye ngohlobo lwedrayivu yesikhathi) igxilile ekupheleni kwe-camshaft. Ibhande (noma iketanga, uma inkanyezi ifakiwe) ifakwe kuyo, exhunywe ku-crankshaft pulley noma i-sprocket. Ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft, i-torque inikezwa ku-camshaft drive ngebhande noma iketango, ngenxa yokuthi le shaft izungeza ngokuhambisana ne-crankshaft.

Esigabeni sesiphambano se-camshaft, ungabona ukuthi amakhamera akuyo asesimweni sokudonsa. Njengoba i-camshaft ijikeleza, ikhamera iphusha isiphakamisi se-valve nengxenye yaso enwetshiwe, ivule imbobo yokukhipha noma yokukhipha umoya. Lapho ama-valve okungenisa evuliwe, umoya omusha noma ingxube ye-air-fuel ingena kusilinda. Lapho ama-valve e-exhaust evuleka, amagesi e-exhaust ayaxoshwa ku-cylinder.

Isici sokuklama se-camshaft sikuvumela ukuthi uhlale uvula / uvale ama-valve ngesikhathi esifanele, uqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwegesi okusebenzayo enjinini. Ngakho-ke, le ngxenye ibizwa ngokuthi i-camshaft. Lapho i-torque yokujikeleza kwe-shaft ishintshiwe (isibonelo, ngebhande eleluliwe noma iketanga), ama-valve awavuli ngokuhambisana ne-stroke eyenziwa ku-cylinder, okuholela ekusebenzeni okungazinzile kwenjini yangaphakathi yomlilo noma ayikuvumeli ukuba ukusebenza nhlobo.

Ngabe i-camshaft itholakala kuphi?

Indawo ye-camshaft incike ekwakhiweni kwezimoto. Kwezinye izinguquko ezitholakala ngezansi, ngaphansi kwe-cylinder block. Ukuguqulwa kwezinjini kuvame kakhulu, i-camshaft yayo isekhanda lesilinda (ngaphezulu kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi). Esimweni sesibili, ukulungiswa nokulungiswa kwendlela yokusabalalisa igesi kulula kakhulu kunasekuqaleni.

Ukulungiswa kwezinjini ezimise okwe-V kufakwe ibhande lesikhathi, elisendaweni yokuwa kwe-cylinder block, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ibhlokhi elihlukile linendlela yalo yokusabalalisa igesi. I-camshaft uqobo ilungiswe ezindlini ezinamabheringi, okukuvumela ukuthi ijikeleze njalo futhi ngokushelelayo. Ezinjini zesibhakela (noma isibhakela), ukwakheka kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi akuvumeli ukufakwa kwe-camshaft eyodwa. Kulokhu, kufakwa indlela ehlukile yokusabalalisa igesi ohlangothini ngalunye, kepha umsebenzi wabo uvumelanisiwe.

Imisebenzi yeCamshaft

I-camshaft iyisici sesikhathi (indlela yokusabalalisa igesi). Inquma ukuhleleka kwemivimbo yenjini futhi ivumelanise ukuvulwa / ukuvalwa kwama-valve, okunikeza ingxube ye-air-fuel kumasilinda nokususa amagesi e-exhaust.

Indlela yokusabalalisa igesi isebenza ngokulandela le nqubo elandelayo. Okwamanje injini iqala, i-starter crank ama-cranksshaft... I-camshaft iqhutshwa ngeketanga, ibhande ngaphezulu kwephrashi, noma amagiya (ezimotweni eziningi ezindala zaseMelika). Ivelufa yokungenisa isilinda iyavula bese inhlanganisela kaphethiloli nomoya kungena egumbini lomlilo. Ngaso leso sikhathi, inzwa ye-crankshaft ithumela i-pulse kwikhoyili yokuthungela. Ukukhishwa kwenziwa kuwo, okuya ku- inhlansi plug.

Ngesikhathi kuvela inhlansi, womabili ama-valve asesilinda avaliwe bese kuthi ingxube kaphethiloli icindezelwe. Ngesikhathi somlilo, amandla akhiqizwa futhi ipiston iye phansi. Ngale ndlela i-crankshaft iphenduka futhi ishayela i-camshaft. Ngalesi sikhathi, uvula i-valve yokukhipha, lapho kuphuma khona amagesi ngesikhathi senqubo yomlilo.

I-camshaft ihlala ivula i-valve elungile isikhathi esithile futhi ibude obujwayelekile. Ngenxa yokuma kwawo, le nto iqinisekisa umjikelezo ozinzile womjikelezo womjikelezo emotweni.

Imininingwane ngezigaba zokuvula nokuvala ama-valve, kanye nezilungiselelo zawo, kuyakhonjiswa kule vidiyo:

Izigaba kuma-camshafts, yikuphi ukugqagqana okufanele kusethwe? Yini i- "camshaft phase"?

Kuye ukuguqulwa injini, kungaba eyodwa noma ngaphezulu camshafts kuwo. Ezimotweni eziningi, le ngxenye itholakala ekhanda lesilinda. Iqhutshwa ukujikeleza kwe-crankshaft. Lezi zinto ezimbili zixhunywe ngebhande, iketanga lesikhathi noma isitimela segiya.

Ngokuvamile, i-camshaft eyodwa ifakwe injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ene-inthanethi yokuhlelwa kwamasilinda. Iningi lalezi zinjini zinama-valve amabili isilinda (okungena okukodwa nendawo eyodwa). Kukhona futhi ukulungiswa nge-valve ezintathu isilinda (ezimbili itheku, eyodwa for esidayisa). Izinjini ezinezivalo ezi-4 isilinda ngasinye zivame ukufakwa ngemiphini emibili. Ezinjini zomlilo zangaphakathi eziphikisayo futhi ezinomumo ongu-V, kufakwa ama-camshafts amabili.

Ama-motor ane-shaft eyodwa yesikhathi anomklamo olula, oholela ekwehleni kwezindleko zophiko ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza. Lezi zinguquko kulula ukuzinakekela. Zihlale zifakwa ezimotweni zesabelomali.

Ngokushintshwa kwenjini ebiza kakhulu, abanye abakhiqizi bafaka i-camshaft yesibili ukunciphisa umthwalo (uma kuqhathaniswa nezinketho zesikhathi nge-shaft eyodwa) nakwezinye izinhlobo ze-ICE ukuhlinzeka ngokushintsha kwezigaba zokusabalalisa igesi. Esikhathini esiningi, uhlelo olunjalo lutholakala ezimotweni okumele zibe semidlalweni.

I-camshaft ihlala ivula i-valve isikhathi esithile. Ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kwemoto kuma-rpms aphezulu, lesi sikhathi kufanele sishintshwe (injini idinga umoya omningi). Kepha ngokusetha okujwayelekile kwendlela yokusabalalisa igesi, ngejubane le-crankshaft elandayo, i-valve yokufaka iyavalwa ngaphambi kokuthi inani elidingekayo lomoya lingene egumbini.

Ngasikhathi sinye, uma ufaka i-camshaft yezemidlalo (ama-cams avula ama-valve wokudla isikhathi eside nangokuphakama okuhlukile), ngejubane eliphansi le-injini, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi i-valve yokudla izovula ngisho nangaphambi kokuba i-valve yokukhipha ivalwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, enye ingxube izongena ohlelweni lokukhipha. Umphumela ukulahleka kwamandla ngejubane eliphansi nokwanda kokukhishwa.

Isu elilula ukufeza lo mphumela ukufaka i-cranking camshaft endaweni ethile ehlobene ne-crankshaft. Le ndlela ivumela ukuvalwa / ukuvulwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nangemva kwesikhathi kwamavalvu wokudla nokhipha. Ngo-rpm kuze kufike ku-3500, izobe isendaweni eyodwa, futhi lapho lo mkhawulo usunqotshiwe, i-shaft iphenduka kancane.

Umkhiqizi ngamunye ohlomisa izimoto zakhe ngohlelo olunjalo ukhombisa ukumaka kwakhe kumadokhumenti ezobuchwepheshe. Isibonelo, iHonda icacisa i-VTEC noma i-VTEC, iHyundai icacisa i-CVVT, Fiat - MultiAir, Mazda - S-VT, BMW - VANOS, Audi - Valvelift, Volkswagen - VVT, njll.

Kuze kube manje, ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kwezinyunithi zamandla kagesi, izinhlelo ezisebenza ngogesi kanye nomoya ongena khamera ziyathuthukiswa. Ngenkathi ukuguqulwa okunjalo kubiza kakhulu ukukhiqizwa nokunakekelwa, ngakho-ke akukakafakwa ezimotweni zokukhiqiza.

Ngaphezu kokusatshalaliswa kwemivimbo yenjini, le ngxenye ishayela imishini eyengeziwe (kuya ngokuguqulwa kwenjini), ngokwesibonelo, amaphampu kawoyela nophethiloli, kanye nomphimbo wokusabalalisa.

Idizayini yeCamshaft

AmaCamshafts akhiqizwa ngokukhanda, ukusakaza okuqinile, ukusakaza okuyize kanye nokuguqulwa okusha kwe-tubular sekuvele. Inhloso yokushintsha ubuchwepheshe bendalo ukukhanyisa isakhiwo ukuthola ukusebenza okuphezulu kwemoto.

I-camshaft yenziwa ngendlela yenduku, okukhona kuyo izinto ezilandelayo:

• Sock. Lokhu kungaphambili kushaft lapho kwenziwa khona umgwaqo ongukhiye. I-pulley yesikhathi ifakiwe lapha. Endabeni yokushayela ngamaketanga, kufakwa i-asterisk endaweni yayo. Le ngxenye ilungiswa ukusuka ekugcineni nge-bolt.
• Intamo yophawu lwamafutha. Kunanyathiselwa uphawu lukawoyela ukuvimbela uwoyela ekuphumeni kuleyo ndlela.
• Intamo yokusekela. Isibalo sezinto ezinjalo sincike ebude benduku. Ama-bearings wokusekelwa abekwe phezu kwawo, anciphisa amandla okuqophisana ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwenduku. Lezi zinto zifakwe kuma-grooves ahambisanayo ekhanda lesilinda.
• Amakhamera. Lezi yizimbumbulu ngesimo sedonsi eqandisiwe. Ngesikhathi sokujikeleza, bacindezela induku enamathele ku-rocker valve (noma i-valve tappet uqobo). Inani lamakhamu lincike kwinani lama-valve. Usayizi nokuma kwawo kuthinta ukuphakama nobude besikhathi sokuvulwa kwe-valve. Ithiphu icijile, i-valve izovala ngokushesha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umphetho ongajulile ugcina i-valve ivulekile kancane. I-shaft yekhamera iba mncane, i-valve ephansi izokwehla, okuzokhuphula ivolumu kaphethiloli futhi kusheshise ukususwa kwegesi yokukhipha. Uhlobo lwe-valve timing lunqunywa ukwakheka kwamakhamera (emincane - ngejubane eliphansi, ebanzi - ngejubane eliphezulu). 
• Iziteshi zikawoyela. Umgodi odluliswayo wenziwa ngaphakathi komgodi lapho uwoyela unikezwa khona ngamakhamu (ngayinye inembobo encane yokuphuma). Lokhu kuvimbela ukusulwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwezinduku zokucindezela nokugqoka ezindizeni zamakhamera.

Uma kusetshenziswa i-camshaft eyodwa ekwakhiweni kwenjini, ama-cams akuyo akhiwe ukuze isethi eyodwa ihambise ama-valve wokudla, futhi isethi ye-offset encane ihambisa ama-valve wokukhipha. Izinjini ezinamasilinda anezikhala ezimbili zokungena namaphayiphu amabili okukhipha anama-camshafts amabili. Kulokhu, enye ivula ama-valve wokungena, kanti enye ivula indawo yokuphuma yegesi.

Izinhlobo

Ngokuyisisekelo, ama-camshafts awanawo umehluko obalulekile komunye nomunye. Izindlela zokusabalalisa igesi zihluke kakhulu ezinjini ezahlukene. Isibonelo, ezinhlelweni ze-ONS, i-camshaft ifakwe ekhanda le-cylinder (ngenhla kwe-block), futhi ishayela ngokuqondile ama-valve (noma ngokusebenzisa ama-pusher, ama-hydraulic lifters).

Ezindleleni zokusabalalisa igesi yohlobo lwe-OHV, i-camshaft itholakala eduze kwe-crankshaft ngezansi kwe-cylinder block, futhi ama-valve aqhutshwa ngokusebenzisa izinti zokusunduza. Kuye ngohlobo lwesikhathi, kungaba i-camshaft eyodwa noma amabili umugqa ngamunye wamasilinda angafakwa ekhanda le-cylinder.

Ama-camshafts ahlukile komunye nomunye ngohlobo lwamakhamera. Abanye "banamaconsi" amade kakhulu, kanti abanye, ngokuphambene nalokho, banokuma okuncane. Lo mklamo unikeza i-amplitude ehlukile yokunyakaza kwe-valve (ezinye zinesikhathi eside sokuvula, kanti ezinye zivula isikhathi eside). Izici ezinjalo zama-camshafts zinikeza amathuba amaningi okulungisa ama-motor ngokushintsha isikhathi kanye nenani lokuhlinzekwa kwe-VTS.

Phakathi kwama-camshafts wokushuna, kukhona:

1. Utshani. Banikeza injini nge-torque ephezulu kuma-revs aphansi, alungele ukushayela edolobheni.
2. Phansi-maphakathi. Lena incazelo yegolide phakathi kwama-revolutions aphansi naphakathi. I-camshaft enjalo ivame ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zomjaho wokudonsa.
3. Ukugibela. Ezinjini ezinama-camshafts anjalo, i-torque ephezulu itholakala ngesivinini esiphezulu, esinomthelela omuhle esivinini esiphezulu semoto (yokushayela emgwaqeni omkhulu).

Ngaphandle kwama-camshaft ezemidlalo, kukhona nokuguqulwa okuvula amaqembu womabili ama-valve (kokubili ukungenisa nokukhipha ngesikhathi esifanele). Kulokhu, amaqembu amabili amakhamera asetshenziswa ku-camshaft. Kuzinhlelo zesikhathi ze-DOHC, ama-camshaft angawodwana afakelwa amavalvu okungenisa nawokukhipha.

Iyini inzwa ye-camshaft ebhekene nayo?

Ezinjini ezine-carburetor, umsabalalisi uxhunywe ku-camshaft, enquma ukuthi yisiphi isigaba esenziwa kusilinda sokuqala - ukungena noma ukukhipha.

Akunasabalalisi wezinjini zomlilo zangaphakathi zomjovo, ngakho-ke inzwa yesikhundla se-camshaft inesibopho sokunquma izigaba zesilinda sokuqala. Umsebenzi wayo awufani nalowo we-crankshaft sensor. Kokunye ukuguqulwa okuphelele kwe-shaft shaft, i-crankshaft izophenduka kabili i-eksisi.

I-DPKV ilungisa i-TDC yepiston yesilinda sokuqala futhi inikeze umfutho wokwakha ukuphuma kwe-plug plug. I-DPRV ithumela isignali ku-ECU ngasiphi isikhathi lapho kudingeka khona ukunikezela ngophethiloli kanye nenhlansi esililini sokuqala. Imijikelezo kumasilinda asele yenzeka ngokushintshana ngokuya ngokwakhiwa kwenjini.

Inzwa ye-camshaft iqukethe uzibuthe kanye ne-semiconductor. Kukhona uphawu lwenkomba (izinyo elincane lensimbi) kushaft yesikhathi endaweni yokufakwa kwenzwa. Ngesikhathi sokujikeleza, le nto idlula ngenzwa, ngenxa yokuthi indawo kazibuthe ivaliwe kuyo futhi kwenziwa i-pulse eya ku-ECU.

Iyunithi yokulawula ngogesi irekhoda isilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo. Uqondiswa yibo lapho kutholakala ingxube kaphethiloli futhi ifakwa kusilinda sokuqala. Endabeni yokufaka imiphini emibili (eyodwa nge-stroke stroke, kanti enye nge-exhaust), kuzofakwa inzwa kulowo nalowo kubo.

Kwenzekani uma inzwa yehluleka? Le vidiyo izinikele kulolu daba:

ISENZO SESIGABA UKUTHI KUNGANI IZIMPAWU EZIDINGEKAYO ZOKUHLULEKA KWAKHO I-DPRV

Uma injini ifakwe uhlelo lokushintsha isikhathi se-valve, i-ECU inquma kusuka kumvamisa we-pulse ngasiphi isikhathi lapho kudingekile ukubambezela ukuvulwa / ukuvalwa kwama-valve. Kulokhu, injini izoba ifakwe enye idivaysi - isigaba shifter (noma i-hydraulic clutch), eguqula i-camshaft ukushintsha isikhathi sokuvula. Uma inzwa yeHholo (noma i-camshaft) inephutha, isikhathi se-valve ngeke sishintshe.

Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-DPRV ezinjini zikadizili uhlukile ekusetshenzisweni kokufana nophethiloli. Kulokhu, ilungisa ukuma kwawo wonke ama-piston esikhungweni esiphezulu esifile ngesikhathi sokuminyaniswa kwenhlanganisela kaphethiloli. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunquma ngokunembe kakhudlwana isikhundla se-camshaft esihlobene ne-crankshaft, eqinisa ukusebenza kwenjini kadizili futhi yenza kube lula ukuqala.

Amamaki wereferensi angeziwe enziwe ekwakhiweni kwezinzwa ezinjalo, isikhundla esikwi-master disk esihambelana nokuthambekela kwe-valve ethile ku-cylinder esehlukile. Idivayisi yezinto ezinjalo ingahluka ngokuya ngentuthuko ephathelene nabakhiqizi abahlukahlukene.

Izinhlobo zokubekwa kwe-camshaft enjinini

Ngokuya ngohlobo lwenjini, ingaqukatha imiphini yokusabalalisa igesi eyodwa, emibili noma emine. Ukwenza kube lula ukunquma uhlobo lwesikhathi, ukumakwa okulandelayo kusetshenziselwa ikhava yekhanda lesilinda:

• SOHC. Kuzoba yinjini elayini noma engu-V enama-valve amabili noma amathathu isilinda ngasinye. Kuyo, i-camshaft izoba munye ngomugqa. Endongeni yayo kunamakhamu alawula isigaba sokudla, futhi ama-offset amancane anomthwalo wesigaba sokukhipha. Endabeni yama-motors enziwe ngo-V, kuzoba khona imiphini emibili enjalo (eyodwa kumugqa ngamunye wamasilinda) noma owodwa (obekwe ekamelweni eliphakathi kwemigqa).

• I-DOHC. Lolu hlelo lwehlukile kunangaphambili ngokuba khona kwama-camshafts amabili ngebhange ngalinye lesilinda. Kulokhu, ngamunye wabo uzobhekana nesigaba esihlukile: esisodwa sokungena, kanti esinye ukukhishwa. Kuzoba nemiphini emibili yesikhathi kuma-motors olayini owodwa, kuthi ezine kube ezimise njengo-V. Lobu buchwepheshe buvumela ukunciphisa umthwalo kushaft, okwandisa insiza yayo.

Izindlela zokusabalalisa igesi nazo ziyahluka ekubekeni kwe-shaft:

• Uhlangothi (noma phansi) (OHV noma “Pusher” injini). Lona ubuchwepheshe obudala obabusetshenziswa ezinjini ze-carburetor. Phakathi kwezinzuzo zalolu hlobo kulula ukugcoba izinto ezihambayo (ezitholakala ngqo ku-crankcase injini). Ububi obukhulu buyinkimbinkimbi yokugcinwa nokushintshwa. Kulokhu, amakhamera acindezela ama-rocker pushers, futhi adlulisela ukunyakaza ku-valve ngokwayo. Ukuguqulwa okunjalo kwezinjini akusebenzi ngesivinini esikhulu, ngoba kuqukethe inani elikhulu lokulawula isikhathi sokuvula ama-valve. Ngenxa yokwanda kwe-inertia, ukunemba kwesikhathi se-valve kuhlupheka.

• Phezulu (OHC). Lo mklamo wesikhathi usetshenziswa kuma-motors anamuhla. Le yunithi kulula ukuyigcina nokulungisa. Enye yezingqinamba uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lokuthambisa. Iphampu kawoyela kufanele yakhe ingcindezi ezinzile, ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke ngokucophelela izikhathi zokushintsha kukawoyela nesihlungi (kuyatshelwa ngalokho okufanele kugxilwe kukho lapho kunqunywa isheduli yalowo msebenzi lapha). Leli lungiselelo livumela izingxenye ezimbalwa ezingeziwe ukuthi zisetshenziswe. Kulokhu, ama-cams enza ngqo kulaba abaphakamisa ama-valve.

Ungasithola kanjani isici se-camshaft

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuhluleka kwe-camshaft yindlala kawoyela. Kungaphakama ngenxa yokubi isihlungi sithi noma uwoyela ongafanele wale moto (funda ukuthi i-lubricant ikhethwe ngamiphi imingcele, funda kuyo isihloko esihlukile). Uma ulandela izikhathi zokugcinwa, i-shaft timing izohlala isikhathi eside njengenjini yonke.

Izinkinga ezijwayelekile ze-camshaft

Ngenxa yokugqokwa kwemvelo kwezingxenye nokubhekelwa komshayeli, lokhu kusebenze okungalungile komshini wokusabalalisa igesi kungenzeka.

• Ukwehluleka kwezingxenye ezinamathiselwe - igiya lokushayela, ibhande noma uchungechunge lwesikhathi. Kulokhu, shaft iba engasebenziseki futhi kufanele ishintshwe.
• Ukudlidliza ekuphatheni omagazini futhi ugqoke kumakhamera. Ama-chip nama-grooves adalwa yimithwalo eyeqile njengokulungiswa kwe-valve okungalungile. Ngesikhathi sokujikeleza, amandla akhuphukayo wokuphikisana phakathi kwamakhamera namathebhu enza ukushisa okwengeziwe kwenhlangano, kwephula ifilimu kawoyela.

• Uwoyela uyavuza. Kwenzeka ngenxa yesikhathi esingapheli semoto. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uphawu lwenjoloba luphelelwa ukuqina.
• Shaft ukusonteka. Ngenxa yokushisa kakhulu kwensimbi, into yensimbi ingagoba ngaphansi komthwalo osindayo. Ukungasebenzi kahle okunjalo kuvezwa ukubonakala kokudlidliza okungeziwe enjinini. Imvamisa, inkinga enjalo ayihlali isikhathi eside - ngenxa yokuzamazama okunamandla, izingxenye eziseduze zizohluleka ngokushesha, futhi imoto izodinga ukuthunyelwa ukulungiswa.
• Ukufakwa okungalungile. Ngokwako, lokhu akukhona ukungasebenzi kahle, kodwa ngenxa yokungagcini izinkambiso zokuqinisa amabhawodi nokulungisa izigaba, injini yomlilo yangaphakathi izoshesha ukungasebenziseki, futhi kuzodingeka ukuthi ibe "ngofeleba".
• Izinga eliphansi lezinto ezibonakalayo lingaholela ekonakaleni kwe-shaft uqobo, ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha i-camshaft entsha, kubalulekile ukuthi unake hhayi kuphela intengo yayo, kepha futhi nedumela lomkhiqizi.

Ungakunquma kanjani ngokubukeka ukugqoka kwe-cam - kuboniswe kuvidiyo:

Ukugqoka kweCamshaft - unganquma kanjani ngokubukeka?

Abanye abashayeli bezimoto bazama ukulungisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-timing shaft ngokufaka isihlabathi ezindaweni ezilimele noma ngokufaka amanye amalitha. Akunasisekelo emsebenzini onjalo wokulungisa, ngoba lapho wenziwa, akunakwenzeka ukufeza ukunemba okudingekayo ekusebenzeni kahle kweyunithi. Uma kunenkinga nge-camshaft, ochwepheshe bancoma ukuyifaka entsha ngokushesha.

Ungayikhetha kanjani i-camshaft

I-camshaft entsha kufanele ikhethwe ngokuya ngesizathu sokufakwa esikhundleni:

• Esikhundleni sengxenye eyonakele ufake entsha. Kulokhu, kukhethwa okufanayo esikhundleni semodeli ehlulekile.
• Ukuphuculwa kwezinjini. Ezimoto zezemidlalo, ama-camshafts akhethekile asetshenziswa ngokuhlangana nohlelo lokushintsha isikhathi se-valve. Ama-motor wokushayela kwansuku zonke nawo ayathuthukiswa, ngokwesibonelo, ukwandisa amandla ngokulungisa izigaba ngokufaka ama-camshafts angajwayelekile. Uma kungekho okuhlangenwe nakho kokwenza lo msebenzi, khona-ke kungcono ukuwunikela kochwepheshe.

Yini okufanele ugxile kuyo lapho ukhetha i-camshaft engajwayelekile enjinini ethile? Ipharamitha eyinhloko i-cam camber, ukuphakama okuphezulu kwe-valve kanye ne-angle yokugqagqana.

Ukuthi lezi zinkomba zikuthinta kanjani ukusebenza kwenjini, bona ividiyo elandelayo:

Ungayikhetha kanjani i-camshaft (ingxenye 1)

Izindleko ze-camshaft entsha

Uma kuqhathaniswa nokulungiswa okuphelele kwenjini, izindleko zokufaka esikhundleni se-camshaft zincane. Isibonelo, i-shaft entsha yemoto yasekhaya ibiza cishe ama- $ 25. Ukulungisa isikhathi se-valve kwamanye ama-workshops kuzothatha ama- $ 70. Ukuze kulungiswe kakhulu imoto, kanye nezingxenye ezisele, kuzodingeka ukhokhe cishe u- $ 250 (futhi lokhu kuseziteshini zesegaraji).

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kungcono ukwenza isondlo ngesikhathi hhayi ukukhipha imoto emithwalweni eyeqile. Ngemuva kwalokho uzosebenzela inkosi yakhe iminyaka eminingi.

Yimiphi imikhiqizo okufanele uyikhethe

Isisetshenziswa esisebenza se-camshaft ngqo sincike ekutheni impahla esezingeni eliphakeme umenzi ayisebenzisa kanjani lapho edala le ngxenye. Insimbi ethambile izoguga kakhulu, futhi insimbi eshisiwe ingaqhuma.

Inketho esezingeni eliphakeme futhi ethembeke kakhulu yinkampani ye-OEM. Lo ngumkhiqizi wemishini yasekuqaleni ehlukahlukene, imikhiqizo yayo engathengiswa ngaphansi kwamagama emikhiqizo ehlukene, kepha imibhalo izokhombisa ukuthi leyo ngxenye yi-OEM.

Phakathi kwemikhiqizo yalo mkhiqizi ungathola ingxenye yanoma iyiphi imoto. Kodwa-ke, izindleko ze-camshaft enjalo zizobiza kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nama-analogs wemikhiqizo ethile.

Uma udinga ukuhlala ku-camshaft eshibhile, khona-ke inketho enhle yile:

• Umkhiqizo waseJalimane iRuville;
• Umkhiqizi waseCzech u-ET Engineteam;
• Umkhiqizo waseBrithani i-AE;
• Inkampani yaseSpain i-Ajusa.

Okubi uma ukhetha i-camshaft yabakhiqizi abalwe ukuthi ezimweni eziningi abazenzi izingxenye zemodeli ethile. Kulokhu, kuzodingeka ukuthi uthenge okwangempela, noma uthinte i-Turner ethembekile.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Isebenza kanjani i-crankshaft necamshaft? I-crankshaft isebenza ngokuphusha ipiston kumasilinda. I-camshaft yesikhathi ixhunywe kuyo ngebhande. Ngokuguqulwa kwama-crankshaft okubili, ukuzungezisa okukodwa kwe-camshaft kwenzeka.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-crankshaft ne-camshaft? I-crankshaft, ejikelezayo, ishayela i-flywheel ekujikelezeni (khona-ke i-torque iya ekudluliseni kanye namasondo okushayela). I-camshaft ivula / ivala i-valve yesikhathi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-camshafts? Kukhona ama-grassroots, ukugibela, ukushuna kanye nama-camshaft ezemidlalo. Ayahluka ngenani nokuma kwamakhamera ashayela amavalvu.