Yini i-crankshaft emotweni futhi isebenza kanjani

I-Crankshaft emotweni

I-crankshaft iyingxenye yenjini yemoto eqhutshwa iqembu le-piston. Idlulisela i-torque ku-flywheel, yona ejika amagiya okudlulisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukujikeleza kudluliselwa emiphakathini ye-axle yamasondo okushayela.

Zonke izimoto ezingaphansi kwesigqoko ezifakiwe izinjini zomlilo zangaphakathi, ifakwe indlela enjalo. Le ngxenye yenzelwe ngqo uhlobo lwenjini, hhayi imodeli yemoto. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, i-crankshaft ihlikihliwe ngokumelene nezici zesakhiwo senjini yomlilo yangaphakathi efakwe kuyo. Ngakho-ke, lapho befaka esikhundleni sayo, izingqondo zihlala zinaka ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezihlikihlayo nokuthi kungani kwavela.

Ngabe i-crankshaft ibukeka kanjani, ikuphi futhi yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle?

Umlando we-Crankshaft

Njengomkhiqizo ozimele, i-crankshaft ayizange ivele ngobusuku obubodwa. Ekuqaleni kwavela ubuchwepheshe be-crank, obusetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yezolimo, kanye nasembonini. Isibonelo, amakhrenki asebenza ngesandla asetshenziswa ekuqaleni kuka-202-220 AD. (ngesikhathi sobukhosi bakwaHan).

Isici esihlukile semikhiqizo enjalo kwakuwukuntuleka komsebenzi wokuguqula ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo kube okuzungezisayo noma okuphambene. Imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene eyenziwe ngesimo se-crank yasetshenziswa eMbusweni WaseRoma (ikhulu le-II-VI AD). Ezinye izizwe zaseSpain emaphakathi nenyakatho (amaCeltiberian) zasebenzisa izigayo zezandla ezihingiwe, ezazisebenza ngomgomo we-crank.

Ezizweni ezahlukene, lobu buchwepheshe buthuthukisiwe futhi busetshenziswa kumadivayisi ahlukene. Eziningi zazo zazisetshenziswa emishinini yokujika amasondo. Cishe ngekhulu le-15, imboni yezindwangu yaqala ukusebenzisa izigubhu ze-crank lapho kwalimala khona izikebhe zezintambo.

Kodwa i-crank iyodwa ayinikezi ukujikeleza. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ihlanganiswe nenye into engahlinzeka ngokuguqulwa kokunyakaza okuphindaphindayo kube ukuzungezisa. Unjiniyela wama-Arab u-Al-Jazari (owayephila kusukela ngo-1136 kuya ku-1206) wasungula i-crankshaft egcwele ngokugcwele, eyayikwazi ukwenza izinguquko ezinjalo ngosizo lwezinduku zokuxhuma. Wasebenzisa lo mshini emishinini yakhe ukuze akhulise amanzi.

Ngokwesisekelo salo mshini, izindlela ezihlukahlukene zathuthukiswa kancane kancane. Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu owayephila ngesikhathi sikaLeonardo da Vinci, uCornelis Corneliszun, wakha umshini wokusaha osetshenziswa umshini womoya. Kuyo, i-crankshaft izokwenza okuphambene nalokho uma kuqhathaniswa ne-crankshaft enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Ngaphansi kwethonya lomoya, i-shaft yayijikeleza, okwathi, ngosizo lwezinduku zokuxhuma nama-crank, iguqule ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kube ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe futhi ihambise isaha.

Njengoba imboni ithuthuka, ama-crankshaft athola ukuthandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwawo. Injini esebenza kahle kakhulu kuze kube manje isekelwe ekuguquleni ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo kube ukunyakaza okujikelezayo, okungenzeka ngenxa ye-crankshaft.

Iyini i-crankshaft?

Njengoba wazi, ezinjinini eziningi zakudala zomlilo (mayelana nokuthi ezinye izinjini zangaphakathi zomlilo zingasebenza kanjani, funda kwesinye isihlokokunenqubo yokuguqula ukunyakaza okuphindayo kube ukunyakaza okujikelezayo. I-cylinder block iqukethe ama-piston anezinduku zokuxhuma. Lapho inhlanganisela yomoya nophethiloli ingena kusilinda bese ibaswa yizinhlansi, kukhishwa amandla amaningi. Ukunwebeka kwamagesi kusunduza i-piston ibheke esikhungweni esingezansi esifile.

Onke amasilinda agxunyekwe ezindongeni zokuxhuma, zona ezinamathiselwe kwi-crankshaft yokuxhuma amaphephabhuku. Ngenxa yokuthi umzuzu wokubangela wonke amasilinda uhlukile, umphumela ofanayo usebenza kumshini we-crank (imvamisa yokudlidliza incike kwinani lamasilinda emotweni). Lokhu kubangela ukuthi i-crankshaft ijikeleze ngokuqhubekayo. Ukunyakaza kokujikeleza kuyabe sekudluliselwa ku-flywheel, bese kusuka kukho kudlule ibhande kuya ku-gearbox bese kuya kumasondo okushayela.

Ngakho-ke, i-crankshaft yakhelwe ukuguqula zonke izinhlobo zokuhamba. Le ngxenye ihlale idalwe ngokunembile ngokweqile, ngoba ukuhlanzeka kokuzungezwa komshini wokufaka ku-gearbox kuncike ekulinganisweni nasezingeni elilinganiselwe lokuthambekela kwamakhilikithi ngokuhlobene komunye nomunye.

Izinto lapho kwenziwa khona i-crankshaft

Ekwenziweni kwama-crankshafts, insimbi noma i-ductile iron isetshenziswa. Isizathu ukuthi ingxenye ingaphansi komthwalo osindayo (i-torque ephezulu). Ngakho-ke, le ngxenye kufanele ibe namandla amakhulu nokuqina.

Ekwakheni ukuguqulwa kwensimbi okusetshenzisiwe, kusetshenziswa ukusakaza, futhi kwenziwa nokuguqulwa kwensimbi. Ukunikeza ukwakheka okuhle, kusetshenziswa ama-lathes, alawulwa yizinhlelo zikagesi. Ngemuva kokuthi umkhiqizo uthole isimo osifunayo, uyapholishwa, futhi ukuze uqiniswe, usetshenzwa kusetshenziswa amazinga okushisa aphezulu.

Isakhiwo se-Crankshaft

I-crankshaft ifakwa engxenyeni engezansi yenjini ngqo ngaphezu kwesiga likawoyela futhi iqukethe:

• iphephabhuku eliyinhloko - ingxenye esekelayo yengxenye lapho kufakwa khona ukuthwala okukhulu kwe-crankcase yemoto;
• iphephabhuku lokuxhuma - izitobhu zokuxhuma izinduku;
• izihlathi - xhuma wonke amajenali enduku okuxhuma nalawo aphambili;
• uzwane - ingxenye yokukhishwa kwe-crankshaft, lapho i-pulley yendlela yokuhambisa igesi (isikhathi) idrayivu;
• i-shank - ingxenye eseceleni yomphimbo, lapho kufakwa khona i-flywheel, eshayela amagiya ka-gearbox, i-starter nayo ixhunywe kuyo;
• counterweights - kusebenza ukugcina ibhalansi ngesikhathi sokunyakaza okuphindayo kweqembu le-piston futhi kukhulule umthwalo wamandla we-centrifugal.

Omagazini abaphambili yi-crankshaft axis, futhi izinduku zokuxhuma zihlala zishiyelwa kwenye indawo ziqhamuka komunye nomunye. Izimbobo zenziwa kulezi zinto ukuze kutholakale uwoyela kuma-bearings.

I-crankhaft crank ingumhlangano oqukethe izihlathi ezimbili nejenali eyodwa yokuxhuma yenduku.

Ngaphambili, ukufakelwa kokukhethwa kwama-crank kufakwe ezimotweni. Zonke izinjini namuhla zinama-crankshafts ayisiqeshana esisodwa. Zenziwe ngensimbi enamandla amakhulu ngokwakha bese zivula imichilo. Izinketho ezingabizi kakhulu zenziwa nge-cast iron kusetshenziswa ukusakaza.

Nasi isibonelo sokwakha i-crankshaft yensimbi:

3 Ukugaya i-crankshaft inqubo ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele

Iyini inzwa ye-crankshaft?

I-DPKV inzwa enquma indawo ye-crankshaft ngesikhathi esithile. Le sensor ihlala ifakwa ezimotweni ezinokuthungela ngogesi. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthungela nge-elekthronikhi noma okungaxhunyanwa nakho lapha.

Ukuze ingxube kaphethiloli womoya inikezwe isilinda ngesikhathi esifanele, iphinde ibaswe ngesikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuthi kunqunywe ukuthi isilinda ngasinye sisebenza ngasiphi isifo sohlangothi. Izimpawu ezivela enzwa zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene zokulawula izimoto. Uma le ngxenye ingasebenzi, iyunithi yamandla ngeke ikwazi ukuqala.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezinzwa:

• Ukungenisa (magnetic). Kwakhiwa inkambu kazibuthe ezungeze inzwa, lapho iphoyinti lokuvumelanisa liwela khona. Umaki wesikhathi uvumela iyunithi yokulawula elektroniki ukuthi ithumele imiphimbo oyifunayo kuma-actuator.
• Inzwa yeHholo. Inesimiso esifanayo sokusebenza, kuphela inkambu kazibuthe yenzwa ephazanyiswa yisikrini esigxiliswe kushaft.
• Umthambo. I-disc enamazinyo isetshenziselwa ukuvumelanisa i-elektroniki nokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft. Esikhundleni sensimu kazibuthe kuphela, kusetshenziswa ukukhanya okukhanyayo, okuwela kusamukeli kusuka ku-LED. Umfutho oya e-ECU wakhiwa ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka kokukhanya kokukhanya.

Ukuze uthole imininingwane engaphezulu ngedivayisi, funda ukusebenza komgomo wokusebenza nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-crankshaft position sensor ngokubuyekezwa okuhlukile.

Isimo se-Crankshaft

Ukuma kwe-crankshaft kuncike kwinani nendawo yamasilinda, ukuhleleka kwawo kokusebenza kanye nemivimbo eyenziwa yiqembu le-cylinder-piston. Ngokuya ngalezi zinto, i-crankshaft ingaba nenombolo ehlukile yamaphephabhuku enduku yokuxhuma. Kukhona izinjini lapho umthwalo ovela ezintongeni eziningana zokuxhuma usebenza entanyeni eyodwa. Isibonelo samayunithi anjalo iyinjini yomlilo yangaphakathi emise okwe-V.

Le ngxenye kufanele yenziwe ukuze kuthi ngesikhathi sokujikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu ukudlidliza kuncishiswe ngangokunokwenzeka. Ama-Counterweights angasetshenziswa ngokuya ngenani lezinduku zokuxhuma kanye nokuhleleka okwenziwe ngama-crankshaft flares, kepha kukhona nokuguqulwa ngaphandle kwalezi zinto.

Yonke imigwaqo ye-crankshafts iwela ezigabeni ezimbili:

• Crankshafts ukwesekwa Okugcwele. Inani lamaphephabhuku amakhulu liyakhushulwa ngomunye uma kuqhathaniswa nenduku yokuxhuma. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ezinhlangothini zephini ngalinye le-crank kunezinsizakalo, ezisebenza njenge-axis ye-crank mechanism. Lawa ma-crankshafts asetshenziswa kakhulu ngoba umenzi angasebenzisa izinto ezingasindi, ezithinta ukusebenza kahle kwezinjini.
• Ama-crankshafts angasekeli ngokugcwele. Ezingxenyeni ezinjalo, kukhona omagazini abakhulu abambalwa kunama-crank. Izingxenye ezinjalo zenziwe ngezinsimbi ezihlala isikhathi eside ukuze zingakhubazi noma zaphule ngesikhathi sokujikeleza. Noma kunjalo, lo mklamo wandisa isisindo somgogodla ngokwawo. Ngokuyinhloko, ama-crankshafts anjalo asetshenziswa ezinjinini ezisezingeni eliphansi zekhulu elidlule.

Ukuguqulwa kokusekelwa okuphelele kufakazelwe ukuthi kukhanya futhi kuthembekile, ngakho-ke kuyasetshenziswa ezinjini zomlilo zangaphakathi zanamuhla.

Isebenza kanjani i-crankshaft enjinini yemoto

Yini i-crankshaft ye? Ngaphandle kwalo, ukuhamba kwemoto akunakwenzeka. Ingxenye isebenza kumgomo wokuzungeziswa kwamaphedali ebhayisikili. Izinjini zemoto kuphela ezisebenzisa izinduku zokuxhuma eziningi.

I-crankshaft isebenza kanjena. Inhlanganisela yephethiloli yomoya iyasha kusilinda senjini. Amandla akhiqizwayo asusa i-piston ngaphandle. Lokhu kusungula induku yokuxhuma exhunywe kwi-crankshaft crank. Le ngxenye yenza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo njalo kuzungeze i-crankshaft axis.

Ngalesi sikhathi, enye ingxenye, etholakala ohlangothini oluphambene ne-eksisi, ihamba iye kolunye uhlangothi bese yehlisela ipiston elandelayo kwisilinda. Ukunyakaza kokujikeleza kwalezi zinto kuholela nasekuzungezeni i-crankshaft.

Ngakho-ke ukunyakaza okuphindayo kuguqulwa kube ukunyakaza okujikelezayo. I-torque idluliselwa ku-puling timing. Ukusebenza kwazo zonke izindlela zenjini kuncike ekuphendukeni kwe-crankshaft - ipompo lamanzi, ipompo likawoyela, i-generator nokunye okunamathiselwe.

Ngokuya ngokuguqulwa kwe-injini, kungaba khona kusuka kwesinye kuya ku-12 crank (eyodwa nge-cylinder).

Ngemininingwane ngemigomo yokusebenza kwe-crank mechanism nezinhlobonhlobo zokulungiswa kwazo, bheka ividiyo:

Ukuthambisa i-crankshaft namajenali enduku okuxhuma, inqubo yokusebenza kanye nezici zemiklamo ehlukile

Izinkinga nezixazululo ezingenzeka ze-crankshaft

Yize i-crankshaft yenziwa ngensimbi ehlala isikhathi eside, ingahluleka ngenxa yokuxineka okungapheli. Le ngxenye ibhekene nengcindezi yemishini evela eqenjini lama-piston (kwesinye isikhathi ingcindezi yekhilikithi eyodwa ingafinyelela kumathani ayishumi). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi ukusebenza kwe-motor, izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwalo likhuphuka laya kuma-degrees angamakhulu amaningana.

Nazi ezinye zezizathu zokwehluleka kwento yokwenza crank.

Abahlukumezayo abahlukumeza intamo

Ukugqokwa kwamaphephabhuku entambo ahlanganayo kungukungasebenzi kahle okujwayelekile, ngoba amandla okuxoka ayakhiwa kule yunithi ngokucindezela okukhulu. Ngenxa yemithwalo enjalo, ukusebenza kwensimbi, okuthikameza ukuhamba kwamahhala kwamabhele. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-crankshaft ifudumeza ngokungalingani futhi ngemuva kwalokho ingakhubazeka.

Ukunganaki le nkinga kugqame ngokudlidliza okuqinile emotweni. Ukushiswa ngokweqile kwendlela kuholela ekubhujisweni kwayo futhi, ekuphenduleni kwe-chain, yonke injini.

Inkinga ixazululwa ngokugaya ama-crankpins. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ububanzi bawo buyancipha. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubukhulu balezi zinto buyafana kuwo wonke ama-cranks, le nqubo kufanele yenziwe kuphela ngokufakwa ngobuchwepheshe.

Kusukela ngemuva kwenqubo, izikhala zobuchwepheshe zezingxenye ziba zinkulu, ngemuva kokucubungula ukufakwa okukhethekile kufakwa kuzo ukunxephezela isikhala esikhona.

Ukuthathwa kwenzeka ngenxa yezinga eliphansi likawoyela ku-crankcase yenjini. Futhi, ikhwalithi yokugcoba ithinta ukwenzeka kokungasebenzi kahle. Uma uwoyela ungashintshiwe ngesikhathi, uyaqina, lapho iphampu kawoyela ingakwazi ukudala khona ingcindezi edingekayo ohlelweni. Ukulondolozwa ngesikhathi kuzovumela indlela yokusebenza kwe-crank ukuthi isebenze isikhathi eside.

Ukusika ukhiye we-Crank

Ukhiye we-crank uvumela i-torque ukuthi idluliselwe isuswa shaft iye kwi-drive pulley. Lezi zinto ezimbili zinama-grooves lapho kufakwa khona i-wedge ekhethekile. Ngenxa yezinto ezisezingeni eliphansi kanye nomthwalo osindayo, le ngxenye ezimweni ezingandile inganqunywa (ngokwesibonelo, lapho injini ihlakazekile).

Uma ama-grooves we-pulley ne-KShM engaphukile, khona-ke kwanele ukumane uthathe lesi sikhiye. Kuma-motors amadala, le nqubo ingahle ingalethi umphumela oyifunayo ngenxa yokuhlehlela emuva ekuxhumeni. Ngakho-ke, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuphuma kwalesi simo ukubuyisela lezi zingxenye ezinye ezintsha.

Flange hole bafake

I-flange enezimbobo eziningana zokuxhuma i-flywheel ifakwe ku-crankshaft shank. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi izidleke zingaqhekeka. Amaphutha anjalo ahlukaniswa njengokugqoka kokukhathala.

Njengomphumela wokusebenza komshini ngaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo, kwenziwa ama-microcracks ezingxenyeni zensimbi, ngenxa yalokho kwakheka imizwa eyodwa noma iqembu emajoyintini.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kuqedwa yizimbobo ezibuye zisebenze ukuze kube nobubanzi obukhulu obukhulu. Lokhu kukhwabanisa kufanele kwenziwe ngazo zombili i-flange ne-flywheel.

Kuvuza ngaphansi kophawu lukawoyela

Kufakwa izindikimba ezimbili zikawoyela kumaphephabhuku amakhulu (munye ohlangothini ngalunye). Vimbela ukuvuza kwamafutha ngaphansi kokuthwala okuyinhloko. Uma u-grease efika emabhande ezikhathi, lokhu kuzonciphisa kakhulu impilo yawo.

Ukuvuza kwe-oyela ngophawu kungavela ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo.

1. Ukudlidliza kwe crankshaft. Kulokhu, ingaphakathi lebhokisi lezinto zokugqoka liyaphuma, futhi alihambelani ngokuqinile entanyeni.
2. Isikhathi eside samakhaza emakhazeni. Uma umshini umi ngaphandle isikhathi eside, isigaxa samafutha siyoma bese siphelelwa ngamandla. Futhi ngenxa yesithwathwa, uyahlikihla.
3. Izinga lezinto ezibonakalayo. Izingxenye zesabelomali zihlala zisebenza impilo ephansi.
4. Iphutha lokufaka. Ama-mechanics amaningi azofaka isando, eshayela ngobunono usinki wamafutha emseleni. Ukuze ingxenye isebenze isikhathi eside, umenzi utusa ukusebenzisa ithuluzi elenzelwe le nqubo (i-mandrel yamabhele nezimpawu).

Esikhathini esiningi, izimpawu zikawoyela ziyaphela ngasikhathi sinye. Kodwa-ke, uma kunesidingo sokufaka esisodwa kuphela, esesibili kufanele futhi siguqulwe.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwenzwa ye-Crankshaft

Le sensor ye-electromagnetic ifakiwe kunjini ukuvumelanisa ukusebenza kohlelo lwe-injector kanye ne-ignition. Uma inephutha, imoto ayikwazi ukuqalwa.

Inzwa ye-crankshaft ithola indawo yama-cranks esikhungweni esifile sesilinda sokuqala. Ngokusekelwe kule pharamitha, iyunithi yokulawulwa kwemoto inquma isikhathi sokufakwa kaphethiloli kwisilinda ngasinye kanye nokunikezwa kwesitaki. Kuze kutholwe i-pulse evela ku-sensor, akukho spark eyenziwe.

Uma le nzwa yehluleka, inkinga ixazululwa ngokuyifaka esikhundleni sayo. Kuphela imodeli eyakhelwe lolu hlobo lwenjini kufanele ikhethwe, ngaphandle kwalokho amapharamitha wesikhundla se-crankshaft ngeke ahambisane neqiniso, futhi injini yokumisa yangaphakathi ngeke isebenze kahle.

Isevisi ye-Crankshaft

Azikho izingxenye emotweni ezingadingi ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa. Okufanayo kuya kuma-crankshafts. Njengoba le ngxenye ihlala ingaphansi komthwalo osindayo, iyaphela (lokhu kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu uma imoto ivame ukubulawa yindlala).

Ukuhlola isimo se-crankshaft, kufanele sisuswe kubhlokhi.

I-crankshaft isuswe ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

• Okokuqala udinga ukukhipha uwoyela;
• Okulandelayo, udinga ukususa imoto emotweni, khona-ke zonke izinto zayo zinqanyuliwe kuyo;
• Umzimba wenjini yomlilo wangaphakathi ubhekiswe phansi ne-pallet;
• Ngenkathi yokuqaqa intaba ye-crankshaft, kubalulekile ukukhumbula indawo yamakepisi amakhulu wokuthwala - ahlukile;
• Amakhava osekelo noma amabheringi amakhulu ayadilizwa;
• I-o-ring yangemuva iyasuswa bese ingxenye isuswa emzimbeni;
• Zonke izinhlobo zamabhere ziyasuswa.

Okulandelayo, sihlola i-crankshaft - ikusiphi isimo.

Ukulungisa kanye nezindleko ze-crankshaft eyonakele

I-crankshaft iyingxenye enzima kakhulu ukuyilungisa. Isizathu siwukuthi le ngxenye isebenza nge-rpm ephezulu ngaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo. Ngakho-ke, le ngxenye kufanele ibe nejometri ephelele. Lokhu kungafezwa kuphela kusetshenziswa okokusebenza okunemba okuphezulu.

Uma i-crankshaft idinga ukugaywa ngenxa yokubukeka kwamaphuzu kanye nomunye umonakalo, lo msebenzi kufanele wenziwe uchwepheshe ochwepheshe esebenzisa izinto ezikhethekile. Ukubuyisela i-crankshaft egugile, ngaphezu kokugaya, idinga:

• Ukuhlanza iziteshi;
• Ukushintshwa kwama-bearings;
• Ukwelashwa kokushisa;
• Ukulinganisa.

Ngokwemvelo, umsebenzi onjalo ungenziwa kuphela ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe kakhulu, futhi bazothatha imali eningi kulokhu (umsebenzi wenziwa ngemishini ebizayo). Kodwa lokhu kumane kuyisihloko se-iceberg. Ngaphambi kokuba inkosi iqale ukulungisa i-crankshaft, kufanele isuswe enjini, bese ifakwa kahle endaweni. Futhi lokhu kuwukumosha okwengeziwe emsebenzini wengqondo.

Izindleko zayo yonke le misebenzi zincike entengo yenkosi. Lokhu kudinga ukucaciswa endaweni lapho umsebenzi onjalo wenziwa khona.

Akunangqondo ukulungisa i-crankshaft kuphela lapho uhlakaza injini, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuhlanganisa le nqubo ngokushesha nokulungiswa kwenjini yangaphakathi yomlilo. Kwezinye izimo, kulula ukuthenga injini yenkontileka (evela kwelinye izwe hhayi ngaphansi kwe-hood yemoto futhi ngaphandle kokugijima endaweni yaleli zwe) futhi uyifake esikhundleni sakudala.

I-algorithm yokuhlola i-crankshaft:

Ukunquma isimo sengxenye ethile, kufanele ihlanzwe ngophethiloli ukususa uwoyela oyinsalela ebusweni nasemigudwini kawoyela. Ngemuva kokuxubha, ingxenye igcotshwa nge-compressor.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isheke lenziwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwengxenye kuyenziwa: akukho chips, ukuklwebheka noma imifantu kuyo, futhi kunqunywa nokuthi igugile kangakanani.
• Zonke izindima zikawoyela ziyahlanzwa futhi zihlanzwe ukukhomba ukuvimba okungaba khona.
• Uma kutholakala ama-scuffs nokuklwebheka kumajenali enduku okuxhuma, ingxenye leyo ingaphansi kokugaya nokupholisha okulandelayo.
• Uma kutholakala umonakalo kuma-bearings amakhulu, kufanele afakwe amasha.
• Ukuhlola okubonakalayo kwe-flywheel kwenziwa. Uma inomonakalo owenziwe ngomshini, ingxenye iyashintshwa.
• Ukuthwala okubekwe onzwaneni kuyahlolwa. Uma kunamaphutha, ingxenye icindezelwa ngaphandle, bese kucindezelwa entsha.
• Uphawu lwamafutha sekhava ye-camshaft luyahlolwa. Uma imoto ine-mileage ephezulu, khona-ke uphawu lwamafutha kufanele lushintshwe.
• Uphawu lwangemuva kwe-crankshaft luyashintshwa.
• Zonke izimpawu zenjoloba ziyahlolwa futhi, uma kunesidingo, kufakwe ezinye.

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa nokulungiswa okufanele, ingxenye ibuyiselwa endaweni yayo futhi imoto ihlanganiswe ngokulandelana. Ngemuva kokuphothula inqubo, i-crankshaft kufanele ijikeleze kahle, ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu noma ukuqhuma.

Ukugaya i-crankshaft

Akunandaba ukuthi iyiphi into eyenziwa yi-crankshaft, kungekudala ukusebenza kwakheka kuyo. Emabangeni okuqala okugqoka, ukunweba impilo yokusebenza kwengxenye ethile, kuphansi. Njengoba i-crankshaft iyingxenye okumele ibunjwe kahle, inqubo yokugaya nokupholisha kufanele yenziwe ngumjikisi oqondayo nonolwazi.

Uzowenza wonke umsebenzi eyedwa. Ukuthengwa kuphela kokulungiswa kwezinduku zokuxhuma izindonga (zijiyile kunezizimboni) kuncike kumnikazi wemoto. Izingxenye zokulungisa ziyehluka ngobukhulu bazo, futhi kukhona osayizi 1,2 kanye no-3. Kuya ngokuthi kangaki i-crankshaft igayiwe noma ngezinga lokugqokwa kwayo, izingxenye ezihambisanayo ziyathengwa.

Ngemininingwane eminingi mayelana nomsebenzi we-DPKV nokuxilonga kwemisebenzi yayo engafanele, bona ividiyo:

Izinzwa zeCrankshaft ne-camshaft: umgomo wokusebenza, ukungasebenzi kahle nezindlela zokuxilonga. Ingxenye 11

Ividiyo ngesihloko

Ukwengeza, bukela ividiyo yokuthi i-crankshaft ibuyiselwa kanjani:

Ukubuyiselwa kwamajenali e-crankshaft ngokubuka phezulu

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Iphi i-crankshaft? Le ngxenye itholakala ezindlini zenjini ngaphansi kwebhokisi lesilinda. Izinduku zokuxhuma ezinama-piston ngakolunye uhlangothi zinanyathiselwe ezintanyeni zendlela ye-crank.

Yini elinye igama le-crankshaft? I-Crankshaft igama elifushanisiwe. Igama eligcwele lengxenye yi-crankshaft. It has a ukuma eziyinkimbinkimbi, izingxenye ezibalulekile zazo okuthiwa amadolo. Elinye igama idolo.

Yini eshayela i-crankshaft? I-crankshaft ixhunywe ku-flywheel lapho i-torque idluliselwa khona. Le ngxenye yenzelwe ukuguqula ukunyakaza okuphindayo kube kokujikelezayo. I-crankshaft iqhutshwa ukuqhuma okunye kwama-piston. Inhlanganisela yomoya / kaphethiloli iyasha kwisilinda bese ibeka endaweni yaso i-piston exhunywe kwi-crankshaft crank. Ngenxa yokuthi izinqubo ezifanayo zenzeka kumasilinda aseduze, i-crankshaft iqala ukuzungeza.