Idivaysi yohlelo lokupholisa lwenjini

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, izingxenye zemoto zivezwa hhayi kuphela kumishini, kepha nasekucindezelekeni okushisayo okukhulu. Ngaphezu kwamandla okuhilizisana, okwenza ezinye izakhi zishise, injini ishisa ingxube kaphethiloli womoya. Okwamanje, inani elikhulu lamandla okushisa likhishwa. Izinga lokushisa, kuye ngokuguqulwa kwenjini kweminye yeminyango yalo, lingeqa ama-degree ayi-1000.

Izakhi zensimbi ziyanda lapho zivutha. IPerekal yandisa ubuhlalu bayo. Endaweni eshisa ngokweqile, ingxube yomoya / kaphethiloli izokhela ngokungalawuleki, yenze ukuthi iyunithi ivele. Ukuqeda izinkinga ezihambisana nokushisa ngokweqile kwenjini nokugcina ukushisa okuphelele kweyunithi, imoto ifakwe uhlelo lokupholisa.

Cabanga ngesakhiwo salesi simiso, yikuphi ukuwohloka okuvela kuso, ukuthi ungasikhathalela kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhona.

Luyini uhlelo lokupholisa

Inhloso yohlelo lokupholisa emotweni ukukhipha ukushisa okweqile ezimotweni ezihambayo. Akunandaba ukuthi hlobo luni lwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi (udizili noma uphethiloli), nakanjani luzoba nalolu hlelo. Ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine ukushisa okusebenzayo kweyunithi yamandla (mayelana nokuthi le parameter kufanele ibe yini, funda kokunye ukubuyekeza).

Ngaphezu komsebenzi oyinhloko, lolu hlelo, ngokuya ngemodeli yemoto, lunikeza:

• Ukupholisa ukuhanjiswa, ophephela;
• Ukushisa kwangaphakathi ebusika;
• Ukupholisa kwe-lubricant yenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi;
• Ukupholisa kohlelo lokukhishwa kabusha kwegesi.

Lolu hlelo lunezidingo ezilandelayo:

1. Kumele igcine ukushisa okusebenzayo kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi ezimweni ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza;
2. Akufanele igweqe injini, okuzonciphisa ukusebenza kwayo kahle, ikakhulukazi uma iyunithi kadizili (kuchazwa umgomo wokusebenza kwalolu hlobo lwenjini lapha);
3. Kufanele ivumele imoto ukuthi ifudumale ngokushesha (izinga lokushisa likawoyela eliphansi lenyusa ukugqokwa kwezingxenye zeyunithi, ngoba likhulu futhi ipompo ayiliphampu kahle kuyunithi ngalinye);
4. Kufanele kudle ubuncane bemithombo yamandla;
5. Gcina ukushisa kwemoto isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuyimisa.

Idivayisi nenqubo yokusebenza kohlelo lokupholisa

Yize ngokwesakhiwo i-CO yamamodeli ezimoto ngazinye ingahluka, umgomo wabo uhlala ufana. Idivayisi yohlelo ifaka izinto ezilandelayo:

• Ijazi lokupholisa. Le yingxenye yemoto. Ku-cylinder block nasekhanda lesilinda, kwenziwa izimbotshana ezakha uhlelo lweziteshi enjinini yomlilo yangaphakathi ehlanganisiwe lapho uketshezi olusebenzayo lujikeleza khona ezinjinini zesimanje. Le ndlela iyindlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokususa ukushisa ebhulokini lesilinda lapho kuphakama izinga lokushisa okwedlulele. Onjiniyela baklama le nto ukuze into yokupholisa ixhumane nalezo zingxenye zodonga lwamabhulokhi ezidinga ukupholisa kakhulu.
• Irediyetha yokupholisa. Ucezu oluyisicaba oluyisicaba, oluqukethe amashubhu wensimbi amancane anezimbambo ze-aluminium foil eziboshwe kuwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuchazwa idivayisi yalesi sici kwesinye isihloko... Uketshezi olushisayo oluvela emotweni lungena emgodini walo. Ngenxa yokuthi izindonga ezikule radiator zincane kakhulu, futhi kunenqwaba yamashubhu namaphiko, umoya odlula kuzo ngokushesha upholisa indawo yokusebenza.
• I-radiator yesistimu yokushisa. Le nto inomklamo ofana nerediyetha enkulu, ubukhulu bayo bungcane nje izikhathi eziningana. Ifakwe kwimodyuli yesitofu. Lapho umshayeli evula isifudumezi sokufudumeza, isifudumezi sesifudumezi siphephetha umoya kushintsha ukushisa. Ngaphezu kokushisa igumbi lomgibeli, le ngxenye isebenza njengengxenye eyengeziwe yokupholisa injini. Isibonelo, uma imoto isiminyaminya, okupholisa ohlelweni kungabila. Abanye abashayeli bavula ukushisa kwangaphakathi namawindi avulekile.
• Ukupholisa Umlandeli. Le nto ifakwe eduze kurediyetha. Idizayini yayo ifana nanoma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kwabalandeli. Ezimotweni ezindala, ukusebenza kwalesi sici kuncike enjinini - inqobo nje uma i-crankshaft ijikeleza, izindwani nazo beziphotha. Ekuklanyeni kwanamuhla, lena yinjini kagesi enezinhlayiya, ubukhulu bazo obuxhomeke endaweni ye-radiator. Kubangelwa lapho uketshezi olusesifundeni lushisa kakhulu, futhi ukudluliswa kokushisa okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokushaywa kwemvelo kwesishintshisi sokushisa akwanele. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ehlobo, lapho imoto imile noma ihamba kancane, ngokwesibonelo, esiminyaminyeni sezimoto.
• Impompo. Kuyimpompo yamanzi eqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo inqobo nje uma imoto isebenza. Le ngxenye isetshenziselwa amayunithi kagesi lapho uhlelo lokupholisa luhlobo lwamanzi. Ezimweni eziningi, ipompo liqhutshwa ibhande noma i-chain drive (ibhande lesikhathi noma iketanga lifakwa ku-pulley). Ezimotweni ezinenjini ene-turbocharged kanye nomjovo oqondile, enye ipampu ye-centrifugal ingasetshenziswa.
• Thermostat. Kuyidoti elincane elilawula ukugeleza kokupholisa. Imvamisa, le ngxenye itholakala ngasesitolo sebhantshi elipholile. Imininingwane mayelana nedivayisi kanye nenqubo yokusebenza kwento ichaziwe lapha. Ngokuya ngemodeli yemoto, ingaqhutshwa nge-bimetallic noma nge-elektroniki. Noma iyiphi imoto epholile uketshezi ifakwe isistimu lapho kunombuthano omncane futhi omkhulu wokujikeleza. Lapho i-ICE iqala, kufanele ifudumale. Lokhu akudingi ukuthi ihembe liphole ngokushesha. Ngalesi sizathu, i-coolant ijikeleza kumbuthano omncane. Lapho nje iyunithi selifudumele ngokwanele, i-valve iyavula. Okwamanje, ivimba ukufinyelela kumbuthano omncane, futhi uketshezi lungena emgodini we-radiator, lapho luphola khona ngokushesha. Le nto iyasebenza futhi uma uhlelo lunokubukeka kwempompo.
• Ithangi lokukhulisa. Lesi yisiqukathi sepulasitiki, into ephezulu kakhulu yohlelo. Ikhokhela ukwanda kwevolumu yesipholisi esifundeni ngenxa yokushisa kwaso. Ukuze i-antifreeze ibe negumbi lokunweba, umnikazi wemoto akufanele agcwalise ithangi ngaphezu komaki omkhulu. Kodwa ngasikhathi sinye, uma kunoketshezi oluncane kakhulu, khona-ke ilokhi lomoya lingakheka esifundeni ngesikhathi sokupholisa, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka futhi ukuqapha izinga eliphansi.
• Ikepisi letangi. Iqinisekisa ukuqina kohlelo. Kodwa-ke, lesi akusona nje isembozo esifakwa entanyeni yethangi noma kurediyetha (imininingwane eminingi ngale mininingwane ichaziwe ngokwehlukana). Kumele ifane nemingcele yohlelo lokupholisa imoto. Idivayisi yayo ifaka i-valve ephendula ukucindezela kwesekethe. Ngaphezu kokuthi le ngxenye iyakwazi ukukhokhela ingcindezi eyeqile kulayini, ikuvumela ukuthi wandise iphoyinti lokubilisa elipholisayo. Njengoba wazi kusuka ezifundweni ze-physics, uma ingcindezi iphakama, kulapho udinga khona ukufudumeza uketshezi ukuze lubile, ngokwesibonelo, ezintabeni, amanzi aqala ukubila ngenkomba yama-60 degrees noma ngaphansi.
• Okupholisayo. Lokhu akuwona amanzi nje kuphela, kodwa kuwuketshezi olukhethekile olungabandi emazingeni okushisa amabi futhi olunephuzu lokubila eliphakeme.
• Ipayipi legatsha. Onke amayunithi wohlelo axhunywe kulayini ojwayelekile ngokusebenzisa amapayipi enjoloba wesigaba esikhulu. Zilungiswa ngocingo lwensimbi oluvimbela izingxenye zenjoloba ukuthi zingahlehli lapho kucindezeleke kakhulu esifundeni.

Isenzo sohlelo lokupholisa lumi kanje. Lapho umshayeli eqala injini, i-crankshaft pulley idlulisela i-torque ku-timing drive nokunye okunamathiselwe, isibonelo, ezimotweni eziningi, idrayivu yepompo yamanzi nayo ifakiwe kulolu chungechunge. Impompo ye-impeller idala amandla we-centrifugal, ngenxa yokuthi i-antifreeze iqala ukuzungeza ngamapayipi namayunithi wohlelo.

Ngenkathi injini ibanda, i-thermostat iyavalwa. Kulesi sikhundla, akuvumeli okokupholisa ukugeleza kuye kumbuthano omkhulu. Idivayisi enjalo ivumela imoto ukuthi ifudumale ngokushesha futhi ifinyelele embusweni wokushisa oyifunayo. Lapho nje uketshezi lufudunyezwa kahle, i-valve iyavula bese ukupholisa kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi iqala ukusebenza.

Uketshezi kuhamba kule ndlela elandelayo. Lapho injini ifudumala: kusuka kupompo kuya ejacket yokupholisa, bese ku-thermostat, futhi ekugcineni kwendilinga - kufakwa iphampu. Ngokushesha nje lapho i-valve ivula, ukusakazwa kwedlula kungalo enkulu. Kulokhu, uketshezi lunikezwa ijakhethi, bese kuthi ngokusebenzisa ipayipi le-thermostat nenjoloba (ipayipi) kuye kurediyetha bese kubuyela kupompo. Uma i-valve yesitofu ivuleka, bese ifana nombuthano omkhulu, i-antifreeze isuka kwi-thermostat (kodwa hhayi ngayo) iye ku-radiator yesitofu ibuyele kupompo.

Lapho uketshezi luqala ukwanda, ingxenye yalo ikhishwa ngopayipi ungene ethangini lokukhulisa. Ngokuvamile, lesi sici asibambi iqhaza ekusakazweni kwe-antifreeze.

Lokhu kugqwayiza kukhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi i-CO yemoto yanamuhla isebenza kanjani:

Uhlelo lokupholisa injini yemoto. Idivayisi ejwayelekile. Ukugqwayiza kwe-3D.

Yini okufanele ugcwalise uhlelo lokupholisa?

Ungafaki amanzi ajwayelekile ohlelweni (yize ezimotweni ezindala, abashayeli bangasebenzisa lolu ketshezi), ngoba amaminerali awenzayo, emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ahlala ezindaweni ezingaphakathi zesekethe. Uma emapayipini anobubanzi obukhulu lokhu kungaholeli ekuvinjelweni komsele isikhathi eside, khona-ke irediyetha izovala ngokushesha, okuzokwenza ukushintshana ngokushisa kube nzima, noma kume ngokuphelele.

Futhi, amanzi abilisa ekushiseni kwama-degree angu-100. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emazingeni okushisa aphansi, uketshezi luqala ukukhazimula. Kulesi simo, kahle kakhulu, izovimba amapayipi e-radiator, kepha uma umshayeli engakhiphi amanzi ngesikhathi ngaphambi kokushiya imoto endaweni yokupaka, amashubhu amancane we-fire exchanger azomane aqhume ekukhuleni kokuqina amanzi.

Ngalezi zizathu, kusetshenziswa uketshezi olukhethekile (i-antifreeze noma i-antifreeze) ku-CO, enezici ezilandelayo:

• Ungafrizi ngo -40 isithwathwa futhi kwezinye izimo ngezansi;
• Iphuzu lokubilisa - hhayi ngaphansi kwama-degree ayi-115;
• Musa amagwebu;
• Ukumelana nokusabela okwenziwe nge-oxidative (akunikeli ekwakheni ukugqwala ohlelweni olungenalutho, njengamanzi);
• Ayinqamuki ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside;
• Ayenzi isikali ezingxenyeni zensimbi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu;
• Gcoba izingxenye ezihambayo zezinqubo ze-CO.

Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi ezimweni eziphuthumayo, esikhundleni se-antifreeze noma i-antifreeze, ungasebenzisa amanzi (mhlawumbe u-distilled). Isibonelo sezimo ezinjalo kungaba ukugijimisa irediyetha. Ukufika esiteshini senkonzo esiseduze noma egalaji, ngezikhathi ezithile emgwaqweni umshayeli uyama futhi agcwalise umthamo wamanzi ngethangi lokukhulisa. Lesi yisimo kuphela lapho kuvunyelwe khona ukusebenzisa amanzi.

 Yize kukhona uketshezi oluningi lwezobuchwepheshe lwezimoto emakethe, akukufanele ukuthenga imikhiqizo eshibhile. Imvamisa iba sezingeni eliphansi futhi iba nempilo emfushane. Ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngomehluko phakathi koketshezi lwe-CO, bheka ngokwehlukana... Futhi, awukwazi ukuxuba izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ngoba ngayinye yazo inokwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali, okungaholela ekusabeleni okungalungile kwamakhemikhali emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.

Izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokupholisa

Izimoto zesimanje zisebenzisa injini esehlile ngamanzi, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kunezinhlobo ezinesistimu yomoya. Ake sicabangele ukuthi yiziphi izakhi eziyoqukatha lezi zinguquko, nokuthi kusebenza miphi imigomo.

Uhlelo lokupholisa amanzi

Isizathu sokusebenzisa uhlobo loketshezi ukuthi into epholisayo isusa ukushisa okweqile ngokushesha nangokushesha ezingxenyeni ezidinga ukupholisa. Okungenhla, kuchazwe ukwakheka kohlelo olunjalo kanye nomgomo wokusebenza kwalo.

Isipholisi sisakazwa inqobo nje uma injini isebenza. Isishintshisi esibaluleke kunazo zonke i-radiator eyinhloko. Ipuleti ngalinye eliboshwe kushubhu elimaphakathi lengxenye lenyusa indawo yokupholisa.

Lapho imoto imi ngenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, amaphiko ama-radiator ashaywa kabi ukuhamba komoya. Lokhu kuholela ekushiseni okusheshayo kohlelo lonke. Uma kungenziwa lutho kuleli cala, izipholisi kulayini zizobila. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, onjiniyela bafaka uhlelo ngesiphepho somoya esiphoqelelwe. Kukhona ukulungiswa okuningi kwabo.

Enye idalwa yi-clutch efakwe i-valve eshisayo esabela ekushiseni kwesistimu. Ukushayela kwalesi sici kungenxa yokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft. Ukuguqulwa okulula kuqhutshwa ngogesi. Kungabangelwa inzwa yokushisa etholakala ngaphakathi komugqa noma nge-ECU.

Uhlelo lokupholisa umoya

Ukupholisa umoya kunesakhiwo esilula. Ngakho-ke, injini enohlelo olunjalo inezimbambo zangaphandle. Kukhuliselwe phezulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukudluliswa kokushisa engxenyeni eshushu ngokwengeziwe.

Idivayisi yokuguqulwa okunjalo kwe-CO izofaka izinto ezilandelayo:

• Izimbambo ekhanda nasesigodlweni sesilinda;
• Amapayipi okuhambisa umoya;
• Umlandeli opholisayo (kulokhu, unikwa amandla yimoto unomphela);
• Irediyetha exhunywe ohlelweni lokuthambisa lweyunithi.

Lokhu kuguqulwa kusebenza ngokuya ngalesi simiso esilandelayo. Umlandeli ushaya umoya ngemigudu yomoya kuya emaphikweni ekhanda lesilinda. Ukuze injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ingagcini kupholile futhi ingabuboni ubunzima bokushisa ingxube kaphethiloli womoya, ama-valve angafakwa emiphethweni yomoya evimba ukungena komoya omusha kuyunithi. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe ukushisa okusebenzayo okungaphezulu noma okuncane.

Yize i-CO enjalo ikwazi ukususa ukushisa okweqile ezimotweni, inezinkinga eziningi ezibalulekile uma iqhathaniswa nozakwabo ketshezi:

1. Ukuze fan isebenze, kusetshenziswa ingxenye yamandla e-ICE;
2. Kweminye imihlangano, izingxenye zishisa ngokweqile;
3. Ngenxa yokusebenza fan njalo kanye nemoto evulekile ephezulu, izimoto ezinjalo zenza umsindo omkhulu;
4. Kunzima ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuhlinzeka ngokushisa okuphezulu kwegumbi lomgibeli nokupholisa kweyunithi;
5. Emiklamweni enjalo, amasilinda kufanele ahlukaniswe ukupholisa okungcono, okuyinkimbinkimbi ukwakhiwa kwenjini (awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-cylinder block).

Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, abenzi bezimoto abavamile ukusebenzisa uhlelo olunjalo emikhiqizweni yabo.

Ukuwohloka okujwayelekile ohlelweni lokupholisa

Noma yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle kungathinta kakhulu ukusebenza kweyunithi yamandla. Into yokuqala yokwehlukaniswa kwe-CO kuholelwa ekushiseni kakhulu kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi.

Nakhu ukwehluleka okuvame kakhulu ohlelweni lokupholisa iyunithi yamandla:

1. Ukulimala kurediyetha. Lokhu ukungasebenzi kahle okuvame kakhulu, ngoba le ngxenye iqukethe amashubhu amancane aqhekeka ngaphansi kwengcindezi eyeqile, kuhlanganiswe nokucekelwa phansi kwezindonga ngenxa yesilinganiso nokunye okufakwa.
2. Ukwephulwa kokuqina kwesekethe. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho izibopho emapayipini zingaqiniswa ngokwanele. Ngenxa yengcindezi, i-antifreeze iqala ukungena ngokuxhumeka okubuthakathaka. Umthamo woketshezi uyehla kancane kancane. Uma kunethangi lakudala lokunweba emotweni, ingaqhuma ngenxa yengcindezi yomoya. Lokhu kwenzeka ikakhulukazi kumthungo, ongabonakali njalo (uma ngabe kuqhume isigaxa engxenyeni engenhla). Njengoba uhlelo aludali ingcindezi efanele, isipholisi singabilisa. Ukudangala kungenzeka futhi ngenxa yokuguga kwemvelo kwezingxenye zenjoloba zohlelo.
3. Ukwehluleka kwe-thermostat. Idizayinelwe ukushintsha imodi yokushisa yesistimu ipholise injini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Ingahlala ivaliwe noma ivulekile. Esimweni sokuqala, injini izoshisa ngokushesha. Uma i-thermostat ihlala ivulekile, injini izofudumeza isikhathi eside kakhulu, okuzokwenza kube nzima ukukhanyisa i-VTS (enjinini ebandayo, uphethiloli uxubana kahle nomoya, ngoba amaconsi afuthwayo awahwamuki futhi awenzi iyunifomu ifu). Lokhu kuthinta hhayi kuphela amandla nokuqina kweyunithi, kepha futhi nezinga lokungcola kokungcola. Uma uhlelo lokukhipha imoto lukhona ku-ke, uphethiloli ongashisi kahle uzosheshisa ukuvaleka kwalesi sici (ukuthi kungani imoto idinga isiguquli se-catalytic, kuchazwa lapha).
4. Ukonakala kwepompo. Ngokuvamile, ukuthwala kwehluleka kukho. Njengoba le ndlela ixhumeka njalo kudrayivu yesikhathi, ukuthwala okuthathiwe kuzowa ngokushesha, okuzoholela ekuvuzeni okukhulu kokupholisa. Ukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki, iningi labashayeli bezimoto libuye liguqule iphampu lapho lifaka ibhande lesikhathi.
5. Umlandeli awusebenzi noma ngabe izinga lokushisa lokubanda likhuphukele kumanani abucayi. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu kuphazamiseka. Isibonelo, oxhumana naye wiring angaxhuma noma i-clutch valve ingahluleka (uma ifeni ifakiwe ku-motor drive).
6. Kusakaza uhlelo. Amalokhi omoya angavela ngesikhathi sokushintshwa kwe-antifreeze. Ngokuvamile kuleli cala, isifunda sokushisa sihlupheka.

Imithetho yomgwaqo ayikuvimbeli ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto ezipholisa injini ngendlela engafanele. Kodwa-ke, wonke umshayeli wemoto olondoloza imali yakhe ngeke akubambezele ukulungiswa kwophiko oluthile lwe-CO.

Ungahlola ukuqina kwesifunda kanjena:

• Kulayini obandayo, izinga le-antifreeze kufanele libe phakathi kwamamaki we-MAX ne-MIN. Uma, ngemuva kohambo ohlelweni olupholile, ileveli iguqukile, khona-ke uketshezi luyahwamuka.
• Noma ikuphi ukuvuza koketshezi emapayipini noma kurediyetha kuwuphawu lokucindezeleka kwesekethe.
• Ngemuva kohambo, ezinye izinhlobo zamathangi wokunweba zikhubazeka (ziba zindilinga ngaphezulu). Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi ingcindezi yesekethe inyukile. Kulokhu, ithangi akufanele lihhewule (kukhona ukuqhekeka engxenyeni engenhla noma i-valve yepulaki ayibambi).

Uma kutholakala ukungasebenzi kahle, ingxenye ephukile kufanele ithathelwe indawo entsha. Ngokuphathelene nokwakhiwa kwezikhiye zomoya, zivimba ukuhamba kwesiketshezi esifundeni, okungadala ukuthi injini ishise ngokweqile noma iyeke ukufudumeza igumbi labagibeli. Lokhu kungasebenzi kahle kungakhonjwa futhi kulungiswe ngale ndlela elandelayo.

Sisusa ikepisi, qala injini. Iyunithi lisebenza imizuzu embalwa. Kulokhu, sivula i-heater flap. Uma kune-plug ohlelweni, umoya kufanele uphoqelelwe ungene echibini. Ukusheshisa le nqubo, udinga ukubeka imoto nengaphambili layo egqumeni.

Ukusakazwa kwe-radiator ye-heater kungasuswa ngokubeka imoto eceleni kwegquma elincane ukuze amapayipi abekwe ngaphezu kwesishiseli sokushisa. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuhamba kwemvelo kwamabhamuza womoya ngokusebenzisa iziteshi kuya ku-expander. Kulokhu, imoto kufanele igijime ngejubane elingenzi lutho.

Ukunakekelwa kwesistimu yokupholisa

Imvamisa ukwephuka kwe-CO kwenzeka ngemithwalo ephezulu, okungukuthi ngesikhathi sokushayela. Amanye amaphutha awakwazi ukulungiswa emgwaqweni. Ngalesi sizathu, akufanele ulinde kuze kube yilapho imoto idinga ukulungiswa. Ukunweba impilo yensizakalo yazo zonke izinto zohlelo, kufanele inikezwe ngesikhathi.

Ukwenza umsebenzi wokuvimbela, kuyadingeka:

• Hlola isimo se-antifreeze. Ukwenza lokhu, ngaphezu kokuhlolwa okubukwayo (kufanele kugcine umbala wayo wokuqala, isibonelo, obomvu, oluhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), kufanele usebenzise i-hydrometer (ukuthi isebenza kanjani, funda lapha) bese ulinganisa ubukhulu bolu ketshezi. Uma i-antifreeze noma i-antifreeze ishintshe umbala wayo futhi yangcola noma yaba mnyama, lapho-ke ayikulungele ukusetshenziswa ngokuqhubekayo.
• Hlola ukungezwani kwebhande lokushayela. Ezimotweni eziningi, ipompo isebenza ngokuvumelanisa nomshini wokusabalalisa igesi kanye ne-crankshaft, ngakho-ke ukungezwani kwebhande lesikhathi esibuthakathaka kuzothinta ikakhulu ukuzinza kwenjini. Uma ipompo ine-drive ngayinye, kufanele ukuthi ukungezwani kwayo kubhekwe kabusha.
• Hlanza ngezikhathi ezithile injini kanye nokushisa okushisayo kudoti. Ukungcola kobuso bezimoto kuphazamisa ukudluliswa kokushisa. Futhi, amaphiko erediyetha kufanele ahlanzeke, ikakhulukazi uma umshini usebenza endaweni lapho kuqhakaza khona i-poplar kakhulu noma amahlamvu amancane endiza. Izinhlayiya ezincane ezinjalo zivimbela ukudlula komoya osezingeni eliphakeme phakathi kwamashubhu we-exchanger yokushisa, ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa kulayini lizokhuphuka.
• Hlola ukusebenza kwe-thermostat. Lapho imoto iqala, udinga ukunaka ukuthi ifudumala ngokushesha kangakanani. Uma ishesha kakhulu ukushisa okushisayo, khona-ke lesi isibonakaliso sokuqala se-thermostat ehlulekile.
• Hlola ukusebenza kwe-fan. Ezimweni eziningi, lesi sici sibangelwa inzwa yokushisa efakwe ku-radiator. Kwenzeka ukuthi ifeni ingavuli ngenxa yoxhumana nabo abane-oxidized, futhi akukho voltage enikezwa yona. Esinye isizathu inzwa yokushisa engasebenzi. Lokhu kungasebenzi kungabonakala ngokulandelayo. Oxhumana nabo kunzwa bavaliwe. Kulokhu, fan kufanele ivule. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukufaka enye inzwa esikhundleni sayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, udinga ukuthatha imoto uye kwisevisi yemoto yokuxilonga. Kwezinye izimoto, ifeni ilawulwa yunithi yokulawula ngogesi. Kwesinye isikhathi ukwehluleka kuyo kuholela ekusebenzeni okungazinzi komlandeli. Ithuluzi lokuskena lizobona le nkinga.

Ukuhlanza uhlelo lokupholisa injini

Ukuhlanjwa kwesistimu nakho kufanelekile ukusho. Le nqubo yokuvikela isiza ukugcina umgodi womugqa uhlanzekile. Abashayeli abaningi abayinaki le nqubo. Ngokuya ngemodeli yemoto, uhlelo ludinga ukufuthwa kanye ngonyaka noma njalo eminyakeni emithathu.

Ngokuyinhloko, kuhlanganiswe nokubuyiselwa kwe-antifreeze. Sizobheka kafushane ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezikhomba isidingo sokugubha, nokuthi sikwenze kanjani kahle.

Izimpawu sekuyisikhathi sokugeza

1. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, umcibisholo wokushisa opholile uhlala ukhombisa ukushisa okuqinile kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi (eduze kwenani eliphakeme);
2. Isitofu saqala ukukhipha ukushisa kabi;
3. Akunandaba noma ngabe kupholile ngaphandle noma kufudumele, umlandeli waqala ukusebenza kaningi (kunjalo, lokhu akusebenzi ezimweni lapho imoto isiminyaminya sezimoto).

Ukuhlanza uhlelo lokupholisa

Ungasebenzisi amanzi alula we-CO flushing. Imvamisa akuzona izinhlayiya zangaphandle eziholela ekuvaleni, kepha isikali namadiphozi anqwabelene engxenyeni encane yesifunda. I-acid ibhekana kahle nesikali. Amafutha namaminerali kususwa ngezixazululo ze-alkaline.

Njengoba umphumela walezi zinto unciphisiwe ngokuxubana, awunakusetshenziswa ngasikhathi sinye. Kodwa-ke, ungasebenzisi izixazululo ze-acidic noma ze-alkaline. Banolaka kakhulu, futhi ngemuva kokusetshenziswa, inqubo yokwenziwa kahle kufanele yenziwe ngaphambi kokungeza i-antifreeze entsha.

Kungcono ukusebenzisa ukuwasha okungathathi hlangothi, okutholakala kunoma yisiphi isitolo samakhemikhali ezenzakalelayo. Ekupakisheni into ngayinye, umenzi ukhombisa ukuthi iziphi izinhlobo zokungcola ezingasetshenziswa: kungaba njenge-prophylaxis noma ukulwa nemali eyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuzihlwitha uqobo kumele kwenziwe ngokuya ngemiyalo ekhonjiswe esitsheni. Ukulandelana okuyinhloko kanje:

1. Sifudumeza injini yomlilo yangaphakathi (ungalethi ifeni ukuthi ivule);
2. Sikhipha i-antifreeze yakudala;
3. Ngokuya ngomkhiqizo (kungaba isitsha esinokwakheka okuvele kuhlanjululwe noma ukugxilwa okudinga ukuhlanjululwa emanzini), isixazululo sithelwa ethangini lokukhulisa, njengokufaka esikhundleni esijwayelekile se-antifreeze;
4. Siqala injini futhi siyivumele isebenze kuze kube isigamu sehora (lesi sikhathi sikhonjiswa ngumenzi wokuwasha). Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, siphinde sivule ukushisa kwangaphakathi (vula umpompi we-heater ukuze ukugeleza kuzungeze isifunda sokushisa sangaphakathi);
5. Uketshezi lokuhlanza luyakhanywa;
6. Sifaka uhlelo ngesixazululo esikhethekile noma amanzi acolisisiwe;
7. Gcwalisa i-antifreeze entsha.

Akudingekile ukuya esiteshini senkonzo ukwenza le nqubo. Ungakwenza ngokwakho. Ukusebenza kwemoto nempilo yayo yokusebenza kuncike ekuhlanzekeni komgwaqo omkhulu.

Ngokwengeziwe, bukela ividiyo emfushane yokuthi ungayifaka kanjani kubhajethi futhi ngaphandle kokulimaza uhlelo:

UNGALOKOTHI UFUTSHELE UHLELO LOKUPHOLA KUZE KUBE NAKHO UKUBUKA LE VIDIYO

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Isebenza kanjani isistimu yokupholisa? I-Liquid CO iqukethe irediyetha, indilinga enkulu nencane, amapayipi, ibhantshi lokupholisa amanzi lebhulokhi yesilinda, iphampu yamanzi, i-thermostat, nesiphephetha-moya.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zamasistimu okupholisa injini? Injini ingaba umoya noma uketshezi olupholile. Ngokuya ngokwakhiwa kwesistimu yokugcoba injini yangaphakathi, ingaphinda ipholiswe ngokujikeleza uwoyela eziteshini zebhulokhi.

Hlobo luni lwamapholisa asetshenziswa ohlelweni lokupholisa imoto yomgibeli? Isistimu yokupholisa isebenzisa ingxube yamanzi acwecwe kanye ne-anti-freeze agent. Ngokuya ngokwakhiwa kwesipholile, sibizwa ngokuthi i-antifreeze noma i-antifreeze.