Sivikela ibhethri lemoto ebusika
Okuqukethwe
Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, abashayeli abaningi babhekana nenkinga efanayo. Imoto ebime ubusuku bonke emakhazeni iqala ngobunzima obukhulu ekuseni, noma ingakhombisi ngisho "nezimpawu zokuphila." Inkinga ukuthi emazingeni okushisa aphansi, izindlela ziqala ukusebenza ngobunzima obukhulu (igrisi ayikafudumali, ngakho-ke iyajiya), futhi ukukhokhiswa komthombo omkhulu wamandla kwehla kakhulu.
Ake sibheke ukuthi konga kanjani amandla webhethri ukuze aqhubeke ngakusasa ngaphandle kokukhipha ibhethri kaningi ukuze ulayishe kabusha. Sizobuye sixoxe ngezindlela eziningi zokushisa ibhethri.
Kungani udinga ukwahlukaniswa kwebhethri?
Ngaphambi kokubheka izindlela ezijwayelekile zokuvikela ibhethri ku-hypothermia, ake sinake kancane embuzweni wokuthi kungani le element ingadinga ukufakwa insured. Umbono omncane.
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ibhethri likhiqiza amandla ngenxa yezinqubo zamakhemikhali ezenzeka kulo. Izinga lokushisa elikhulu kulokhu liphakathi kuka-10 no-25 degrees Celsius (ngenhla kuka-zero). Iphutha lingahle libe cishe ngama-degree angu-15. Ngaphakathi kwale mikhawulo, amandla kagesi abhekana kahle nemithwalo evela kubathengi, alulame ukushaja kwawo ngokushesha, futhi futhi kuthatha isikhathi esincane ukushaja kabusha.
Inqubo yamakhemikhali yehla ngokushesha lapho i-thermometer yehla ngaphansi kuka-zero. Kuleli qophelo, ngezinga ngalinye, umthamo webhethri wehla ngephesenti elilodwa. Ngokwemvelo, ukukhokhisa / ukukhipha imijikelezo kushintsha izikhawu zazo zesikhathi. Esimweni sezulu esibandayo, ibhethri liphuma ngokushesha, kepha kuthatha isikhathi esithe xaxa ukuthola amandla. Kulokhu, i-generator izosebenza isikhathi eside ngemodi ejulile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ebusika, injini ebandayo idinga amandla amaningi ukuqala. Amafutha akuyo aba viscous, okwenza kube nzima ukuvula i-crankshaft. Lapho imoto iqala, indawo yenjini iqala ukushisa kancane kancane. Kuthatha uhambo olude ukuze izinga lokushisa kwe-electrolyte ezitsheni likhuphuke. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe imoto ifudumala kahle, ngenxa yokusheshisa kokushintshana kokushisa kwezingxenye zensimbi, igumbi lenjini liqala ukuphola ngokushesha masinyane lapho imoto ima futhi injini icishiwe.
Sizophinda sithinte kafushane ukweqa umkhawulo wokushisa ophakeme. Lezi zimo ziphinde zithinte kabi ukukhiqizwa kukagesi, noma kunalokho, isimo sepuleti ngalinye lokuhola. Ngokuqondene nokuguqulwa okusetshenzisiwe (ngemininingwane engaphezulu mayelana nezinhlobo zamabhethri, bheka lapha), khona-ke amanzi ayahwamuka ngamandla kakhulu kusuka ku-electrolyte. Lapho okokuhola kuphakama ngaphezu kwezinga le-asidi, inqubo ye-sulfation iyasebenza. Amapuleti abhujisiwe, angathinti kuphela umthamo wedivayisi, kodwa futhi nomthombo wayo wokusebenza.
Ake sibuyele emuva ekusebenzeni kwebhethri ebusika. Ukuze ibhethri elidala lingapholi ngokweqile, abanye abashayeli bayalisusa balingenise endlini ukuze ligcinwe ubusuku bonke. Ngakho-ke banikeza ukushisa okuzinzile okuhle kwe-electrolyte. Noma kunjalo, le ndlela inezinkinga eziningana:
- Uma imoto ipakwe endaweni yokupaka engagadiwe, ngaphandle komthombo wamandla maningi amathuba okuthi imoto yebiwa. Ama-alamu, ama-immobilizers kanye nezinye izinhlelo zikagesi ezilwa nokweba zivame ukusebenza ngamandla webhethri. Uma ingekho ibhethri, lapho-ke imoto iyakwazi ukutholakala kalula kumduni.
- Le ndlela ingasetshenziswa ezimotweni ezindala. Amamodeli wanamuhla afakwe ezinhlelweni ezisemabhodini ezidinga ugesi njalo ukugcina izilungiselelo.
- Ibhethri alikhiphi kalula kuyo yonke imoto. Ungakwenza kanjani lokhu kahle kuchazwe ku- ukubuyekeza okuhlukile.
Ngakho-ke, ubusika budinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe empilweni yebhethri. Ukugcina ukushisa, kanye nezici zomthombo wamandla, abashayeli abaningi basebenzisa ukwahlukanisa okungaphakathi kwengxenye yonke yenjini noma ngokwehlukana. Ake sicabangele izinketho eziningi zokuthi ungavimba kanjani ibhethri ukuze liqhubeke nokukhiqiza ugesi osezingeni eliphakeme ngisho nasesimo sezulu esineqhwa lapho imoto imile.
Ngabe ibhethri lingavinjelwa kanjani?
Enye indlela ukusebenzisa ukwahlukanisa okwenziwe ngomumo. Imakethe yezesekeli zemoto inikela ngemikhiqizo eminingi ehlukene: amakesi ashisayo nezingubo zokuzenzakalela ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nokuguqulwa.
Isixazululo sesibili ukwenza i-analogue ngokwakho. Kulokhu, udinga ukukhetha indwangu efanele ukuze ingoni uma kwenzeka uthintana ngengozi noketshezi lobuchwepheshe (hhayi yonke imoto ihlanzekile ngokuphelele).
Ake sicabangele kuqala izici zomkhiqizo ophelile.
Ama-Thermocases
Icala lokushisa elishajekayo yicala lebhethri elenziwe ngento evimbela ukuthi idivayisi ipholile ngokushesha. Umkhiqizo unesimo esingunxande (usayizi wawo mkhulu kancane kunezilinganiso zebhethri uqobo). Kukhona isivalo ngaphezulu.
Ekwenziweni kwalezi zimbozo, kusetshenziswa izinto zokufaka ezishisayo, ezigcotshwa ngendwangu ekhethekile. Isendlalelo esishisayo singenziwa nganoma yikuphi ukwahlukanisa (ngokwesibonelo, i-polyethylene enefoyili njengesihlangu esishisayo). Izinto zokumboza ziyamelana nemiphumela enobudlova ketshezi olune-asidi ne-oily, ukuze lungapheli lapho amanzi ehwamuka ku-electrolyte noma lapho i-antifreeze ngengozi ifika ngaphezulu.
Ukuvimbela isimo sezulu esimanzi ekuthinteni ukusebenza kwebhethri, indwangu inezinto ezingangeni manzi. Lokhu kuvikela ukwakheka okusheshayo kwe-oxidation kumatheminali wedivayisi. Izindleko zamakhava anjalo zizoya ngosayizi webhethri, nokuthi hlobo luni lokuvikela nokokufaka lomkhiqizi. Ikhwalithi ephezulu yokufaka ingathengwa cishe ngama-ruble angama-900.
Amacala we-Thermo ngokushisa
Inketho ebiza kakhulu yicala lokushisa lapho kufakwa khona into yokushisa. Senziwe ngesimo ipuleti esisogwini azungezwe, kanye ezansi ikhava. Kuleli fomu, ukufudumeza indawo enkulu yecala kunikezwa ngokuqhathanisa nezinto zokushisa. Futhi, into yokufudumeza ishisa ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yendawo yokuxhumana ngamandla, okwandisa amathuba omlilo.
Iningi lalawa mafutha linabalawuli abaqopha izinga lokushaja ibhethri, kanye nokushisa kwalo. Izindleko zamadivayisi anjalo zizoqala kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezimbili. Kuyafaneleka ukubheka ukuthi iningi lezinto zokushisa lizosebenza kuphela lapho imoto ivuliwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lapho imoto imile isikhathi eside, ama-heater angakhipha ibhethri.
Kusetshenziswa ingubo ezenzakalelayo
Okunye ongakwenza ukuvimba ibhethri ukuthenga noma ukwenza ingubo yakho yemoto. Lokhu ukufakwa okushisayo kwengxenye yonke yenjini. Imane ibekwe ngaphezulu kwenjini ngaphambi kokushiya imoto ubusuku bonke.
Vele, kulokhu, ukupholisa kuzokwenzeka ngokushesha uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela ezibalulwe ngenhla, ngoba kuphela ingxenye engenhla yesikhala emboziwe, futhi umoya ozungezile upholisiwe ngokungenisa umoya okuvela ngaphansi komshini.
Kuliqiniso, le ndlela inezinzuzo ezimbalwa:
- Okuwuketshezi ohlelweni lokupholisa kugcina ukushisa kwalo, okuthi, uma kukhishwa kancane emoyeni ozungezile, kusheshise injini ukufudumeza ngakusasa ekuseni;
- Lapho imoto imbozwa ngomthombo wamandla, ukushisa okuvela kuyunithi kugcinwa ngaphansi kwe-hood, ngenxa yokuthi ibhethri iyashisa bese iqala ukusebenza njengasehlobo;
- Vele, isilinganiso sokupholisa segumbi lenjini sincike ebangeni lokushisa ebusuku.
Ukusetshenziswa kwengubo yokuthwala emotweni kuncane kakhulu kunamacala we-thermo (ikakhulukazi kuzinguqulo ezinokushisa). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwasemini, le nto eyengeziwe izophazamisa njalo. Awukwazi ukuyifaka esalon, ngoba ingahle ibe namabala kawoyela, i-antifreeze nolunye uketshezi lobuchwepheshe lwemoto. Uma izimpahla zihanjiswa ngemoto, khona-ke ingubo isiyonke esiqwini nayo izothatha isikhala esiningi.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-thermocase
Inketho yesabelomali kakhulu yokugcina ukushisa kwebhethri ukwenza i-thermocase ngezandla zakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuwusizo ngokuphelele kunoma yisiphi isifisi sokushisa (i-polyethylene ene-foam). Okukhethwa kukho nge-foil kungaba kuhle kumkhiqizo onjalo. Ingaba negama elehlukile ngokuya ngomkhiqizi.
Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi enqubeni yokwenza ikhava. Into esemqoka ukuthi udonga ngalunye lwebhethri lumbozwe ngezinto ezibonakalayo. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ucwecwe luyakwazi ukukhombisa inani elithile lokushisa, kepha okokusebenza kufanele kufakwe ngaphakathi kwesikrini, hhayi ngezinto ezivikela ukushisa.
Esinye isici esizothinta ukugcinwa kokushisa ubukhulu becala. Uma inkulu, ukulahleka okuncane kuzoba ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwebhethri. Yize ukushuba kodonga lwesentimitha elilodwa kwanele ukuvimbela ukushisa kwebhethri ekuweleni ngaphansi -15оC amahora angaba ngu-12, inqobo nje uma isithwathwa esizungezile singama-degree angama-40.
Njengoba i-polyethylene ne-foil enegwebu kungonakala lapho kuthintwa uketshezi lobuchwepheshe, okokusebenza kungashiswa ngendwangu ekhethekile. Inketho eshibhile ukugoqa izingxenye zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ze-insulation nge-tape.
Kungcono uma ikesi lokushisa elenziwe ekhaya limboza ngokuphelele ibhethri. Lokhu kunciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa ngesikhathi sokupaka.
Ngaso sonke isikhathi kunengqondo ukufaka ibhethri ebusika
Ukufakwa kwebhethri kunengqondo uma imoto isetshenziswa ezifundeni ezinobusika obubandayo. Uma imoto ihamba nsuku zonke endaweni enesimo sezulu esipholile, futhi nomoya oshisayo ungehli ngaphansi kuka -15оC, lapho-ke kunganele ukuvikelwa kuphela ekungeneni komoya obandayo nge-grille ye-radiator.
Uma imoto imi emakhazeni isikhathi eside ebusika, khona-ke noma ngabe umthombo wamandla uvikeleke kangakanani, isazophola. Ukuphela kwendlela i-electrolyte yokushisa ngayo ivela emthonjeni wangaphandle (izimoto noma izinto zokushisa zekhava elishisayo). Lapho imoto ingenzi lutho, le mithombo yokushisa ayishisi izindonga zebhethri.
Kungcono ukusebenzisa amandla kagesi agcwele amandla ebusika. Kulokhu, noma ngabe ilahlekelwa amandla ayo ngesigamu, ukuqala imoto kulula kakhulu kune-analogue ekhishiwe. Lapho imoto isebenza, i-alternator ingashaja ibhethri ekuqaleni okulandelayo.
Abanye abashayeli basebusika bathenga ibhethri ngomthamo owandisiwe ukuze bakwazi ukuqala ukuqala kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Ehlobo, bashintsha umthombo wamandla bawenze owejwayelekile.
Uma uhlela uhambo olude ngesikhathi sokubanda, khona-ke kungcono ukunakekela ukufakwa kwebhethri, ngoba umoya obandayo ugeleza ulipholise ngenkathi ushayela. Ngokugcinwa kwegalaji noma ikhono lokuletha ibhethri endlini, lesi sidingo siyanyamalala, ngoba idivayisi izosebenza ngokujwayelekile ekamelweni lokushisa.
isiphetho
Ngakho-ke, ukuthi kufanele ufake ibhethri noma cha kuyindaba yesinqumo somuntu siqu. Uma sibheka izinketho zesabelomali kakhulu, khona-ke ukukhiqizwa okuzimele kwekhava elishisayo kuyindlela enhle kakhulu. Ngosizo lwayo, ungacabangela zonke izici zokuma kwedivayisi kanye nesikhala samahhala ngaphansi kwe-hood.
Noma kunjalo, imodeli ye-heater ilungile. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi ikhava ivimbela ukulahleka kokushisa, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ivimbela ibhethri ekushiseni kusuka kweminye imithombo yokushisa, isibonelo, imoto. Ngalesi sizathu, ikhava ejwayelekile ngemuva kobusuku bokungasebenzi izovimbela kuphela ibhethri ekushiseni, okuzokwenza kube nzima ukushaja.
Ngokuqondene nemodeli ngama-heater, idivayisi iqala ukusebenza ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqala injini. Amapuleti ayavalwa ngokushesha lapho i-electrolyte ishisa ize ifike kuma-degree angama-25 ngaphezu kuka-zero. Lapho i-elementi icishiwe, i-tremoprotection ivimbela ukulahleka kokushisa. Naphezu kwezinzuzo, izimo ezinjalo zinenkinga enkulu - imodeli yekhwalithi ephezulu izobiza imali ehloniphekile.
Uma sibheka inketho ngengubo yemoto, kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela lapho kupakwe imoto. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukulawula ukuthi i-electrolyte esemathinini iyashisa kangakanani.
Ividiyo elandelayo ihlola izici nokusebenza kwe-thermocase yokushisa:
Imibuzo nezimpendulo:
Ingabe ngidinga ukugqumisa ibhethri ebusika? Lapho izinga lokushisa le-electrolyte liyancipha, inqubo yamakhemikhali ekhulula ugesi iba buthakathaka. Ukushajwa kwebhethri kungenzeka kunganele ukuklinka injini, lapho uwoyela usujiyile.
Indlela yokufaka insulate kahle ibhethri? Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa ingubo yokulala eshisayo yemoto kanye nebhethri, wenze i-thermal case kusuka ekuzwayo, ukufakwa kwe-foil noma i-foam. Indlela ngayinye inezinzuzo nezingozi zayo.
Ibhethri livaleleke ngani? Nakuba i-electrolyte iqukethe amanzi agayiwe kanye ne-asidi, ingaba yiqhwa emakhazeni aqinile (kuye ngokuthi isimo se-electrolyte). Ukuze inqubo yokukhiqiza ugesi yenzeke, ibhethri ifakwe insulated.
