Izinhlobo zebhethri

Ibhethri elisemotweni yakho liyadingeka ukuqala injini. Ukusebenza kwayo okungenaphutha kuqinisekisa nokuthi amalambu ezimoto akhanyisiwe, amawindi ayavuleka futhi avaleke, ama-wiper ahlanzekile, nomculo uyadlala.

Lapho injini isebenza, ibhethri elisemotweni yakho lihlala lishajwa. Kepha, njengazo zonke ezinye izingxenye, ibhethri nalo linempilo yalo, futhi kufika isikhathi lapho lidinga ukushintshwa.

Uma ucabanga ukufaka esikhundleni sebhethri lemoto yakho, ungakuthola kuwusizo ukubuyekeza izinhlobo zebhethri.

Izinhlobo zamabhethri emoto - izinzuzo nezingozi

Kumanzi

Amabhethri ajwayelekile ajwayelekile enzelwe:

• Starter wawuhlanganisa;
• Isiqalo senjini esheshayo;
• Nikeza amandla ezintweni zikagesi ngenkathi imoto ingasebenzi.

Zibizwa ngokuthi zimanzi noma zigcwele amanzi ngoba i-electrolyte ekuzo imboza ngokukhululekile amapuleti okuhola. Amabhethri emanzi ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-SLI (amabhethri okuqala) nomjikelezo ojulile.

I-SLI

Ibhethri yokuqala (i-SLI) ibhethri ejwayelekile yezimoto. Inikeza amandla amafushane, asheshayo wamandla amakhulu ukuqala injini yemoto nokuqalisa izinhlelo.

Izinzuzo zebhethri le-SLI:

• Intengo ephansi;
• Amandla okuqala anokwethenjelwa;
• Impilo ende impela.

Umthengi:

• Isisindo esiningi;
• Ukuzwela emazingeni okushisa abandayo namakhaza.

Amabhethri womjikelezo ojulile

Amabhethri womjikelezo ojulile enzelwe ukuhlinzeka inani elingaguquguquki lamandla esikhathini eside. Lawa mabhethri angashajwa futhi akhishwe kaningi ngaphandle kokulimaza noma ukunciphisa impilo yawo.

Zikulungele ukunika amandla ugesi, izikebhe ezinenjini, izinqola zegalofu nokuningi. Azikulungele kakhulu ukufaka amandla ezimotweni.

I-Valve elawulwayo i-Lead Acid (VRLA) amabhethri

Amabhethri eVRLA aklanywe ngendlela yokuthi awanakekelwa ngakho-ke awadingi ukwengezwa njalo kwamanzi kumthamo webhethri. Njengoba kungenakondliwa, afakwa uphawu efemini, okusho ukuthi ngeke achitheke uma ephendulwe ngephutha. Kodwa-ke, uphawu lwefektri lusho nokuthi azinakusizakala futhi kufanele zithathelwe indawo ngezintsha ekupheleni kwempilo yazo ewusizo.

Amabhethri eVRLA ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• Ukwamukela ingilazi mat (AGM);
• Gel amabhethri.

Ukumunca ingilazi (i-AGM)

Amabhethri e-AGM aya ngokuya esetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni ezimotweni zesimanje njengoba ukufunwa kwamabhethri anezinga eliphakeme lokuqala namandla okugcina kuye kwanda kamuva nje.

Amabhethri alolu hlobo ayafana kakhulu kokuqukethwe namabhethri e-lead lead-wet, ngaphandle kokuthi i-electrolyte yawo imuncwa futhi ibanjwe ngamagaskethi engilazi futhi ayikwazi ukuxhumana ngokukhululekile namapuleti. Awukho umoya oweqile ku-AGM, okusho ukuthi ibhethri alidingi ukunikwa insizakalo noma ukufakwa ngamanzi.

Uhlobo lwebhethri:

• kunciphe kakhulu ukuvuza kwe-electrolyte;
• izinga lokukhishwa kwe-hydrogen lingaphansi kuka-4%;
• Ngokungafani nezinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamabhethri emoto, i-AGM ingakhishwa cishe ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokudala umonakalo.

Buhle bama-AGM amabhethri:

• Umthamo owandisiwe;
• Ukumelana okukhulu nokubandayo;
• Amanzi awahwamuki;
• Izinga lokukhipha eliphansi;
• Intuthu ye-acid ayikhishwa;
• Basebenza kunoma yiziphi izimo;
• Ayikho ingozi yokuvuza;
• Impilo yesevisi ende.

Umthengi:

• Intengo ephezulu;
• Ababekezeleli amazinga okushisa aphezulu.

Gel ibhethri

Amabhethri e-Gel nawo aguqukele kumabhethri ajwayelekile we-acid lead. Akhiwe ngamacwecwe okuhola kanye ne-electrolyte eyenziwe nge-sulfuric acid namanzi acolisisiwe, afana namabhethri ajwayelekile.

Umehluko kuphela ukuthi kumabhethri e-gel, i-silicon dioxide yengezwa ku-electrolyte ngakho-ke kwakheka unamathisela obukhulu obunjenge-gel.

Impilo yesevisi yamabhethri e-gel yinde kakhulu kunamabhethri ajwayelekile nama-AGM, futhi ukuzikhipha kwawo kuncane kakhulu.

Izinzuzo zamabhethri e-gel:

• Impilo yesevisi ende;
• Shock kanye vibration ukumelana
• Akukho ukulahleka kwe-electrolyte;
• Abadingi ukunakekelwa.

Umthengi:

• Intengo ephezulu;
• Abasekeli ukushaja okusheshayo;
• Abakwazi ukubekezelela amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu noma aphakeme kakhulu.

Amabhethri e-EFB

I-EFB iyinhlanganisela yamabhethri avamile kanye ne-AGM. Umehluko phakathi kwe-AGM ne-EFB ukuthi ngenkathi amaphedi e-AGM fiberglass efakwe ku-electrolyte, amabhethri e-EFB awanawo. Ku-EFB, i-electrolyte ewuketshezi, kanye namapuleti, ivaliwe ngezikhwama ezikhethekile (iziqukathi ezihlukene) futhi ayifaki ama-gaskets e-fiberglass.

Ekuqaleni, lolu hlobo lwebhethri lwakhiwe ngokukhethekile ezimotweni ezinesistimu yokumisa lapho injini iqala khona ngokuzenzakalelayo. Namuhla, lolu hlobo lwebhethri luya ngokuya luthandwa ngenxa yezakhiwo zalo ezinhle.

Izinzuzo zamabhethri e-EFB:

• Ukumelana nokukhishwa okujulile;
• Amandla okusebenza ebangeni lokushisa elibanzi (kusuka -50 kuye + 60 degrees Celsius);
• Ukusebenza kokuqala okuthuthukisiwe;
• Intengo ephansi uma iqhathaniswa ne-AGM.

Minus - amandla aphansi.

Amabhethri ezimoto zeLithium-ion (Li-lon)

Izimoto zeHybrid nezikagesi njengamanje zisebenza nalawa mabhethri, kepha azisetshenziswa ezimotweni ezijwayelekile. Lolu hlobo lwebhethri lungagcina inani elikhulu lamandla.

Ngeshwa, banezithiyo ezimbili ezibalulekile ezibavimbela ukuthi zisetshenziswe ezimotweni ezikhiqizwa ngobuningi:

• Zibiza kakhulu kunazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri
• Impilo yabo yesevisi ayikho ngaphezu kweminyaka emithathu.

Ahlala isikhathi esingakanani amabhethri emoto?

Ngokuya ngohlobo, impilo yebhethri ingahluka kakhulu. Amabhethri e-lead-acid emanzi, ngokwesibonelo, ayazwela ezintweni ezifana nokugcwala ngokweqile, ukukhipha okujulile, ukushaja okusheshayo, amazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka -20 degrees Celsius. Lokhu kuthinta nempilo yabo, okuvamise ukuba yiminyaka emibili kuya kwemi-2.

Amabhethri e-EFB ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu kunamabhethri ajwayelekile, anempilo yeminyaka emi-3 kuye kwengu-6. Amabhethri e-AGM naweGel aphezulu ohlwini ukuze aqine kakhulu. Impilo yabo ingaphezu kweminyaka eyisi-6.

Ungalukhetha kanjani uhlobo lwebhethri olufanele?

Ngokuya ngokwakhiwa, imodeli nobudala bemoto

Wonke umnikazi wemoto kufanele azi ukuthi imodeli, usayizi nohlobo lwebhethri abakhiqizi abancomayo. Lolu lwazi lukhonjisiwe kumanuwali yokufunda. Uma imoto yathengwa emakethe yesibili, imininingwane ngqo ingatholakala kuwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi.

Ngokuqondene nobudala bemoto, le nto futhi ingadlala indima ebalulekile lapho ukhetha ibhethri. Isibonelo, uma imoto yakho indala ngokwanele, kuzodingeka amandla amaningi ukuze uyiqale. Kulokhu, ochwepheshe batusa ukuthenga ibhethri elinamandla athe xaxa kunelasekuqaleni.

Kuya ngesimo sezulu lapho imoto isebenza khona

Ezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri ziyamelana kakhulu nokubanda, kanti ezinye zimelana kakhulu namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Isibonelo, uma imoto ishayelwa eCanada noma e-Alaska, amabhethri ajwayelekile e-lead-acid ngeke asebenze kahle, ngoba nje awakwazi ukubamba amazinga okushisa abandayo kulezo zindawo. Ngamanye amagama, uma uhlala ezindaweni lapho amazinga okushisa angaphansi kwezinga-qhwa, i-AGM neGel kuyizindlela ezingcono kakhulu kuwe.

Futhi okuphambene nalokho. Uma uhlala endaweni lapho amazinga okushisa ehlobo afinyelela kuma-40-50 degrees Celsius, ama-AGM namaGel amabhethri akuyona inketho enhle njengoba engakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Kulokhu, amabhethri ajwayelekile avuselelekayo azokusiza kakhulu.

Kuya ngokuthi uhlela ukusebenzisa umshini isikhathi esingakanani

Uma ungahlelile ukuthengisa imoto yakho okungenani iminyaka embalwa eyengeziwe, ukubheja kwakho okuhle ukutshala ezinhlotsheni zebhethri ezibizayo kodwa ezinokwethenjelwa njenge-AGM ne-GEL. Kodwa uma uhlela ukuyithengisa, khona-ke amabhethri ajwayelekile amanzi ayisinqumo esingcono kakhulu.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yiziphi izinhlobo zebhethri ezikhona? Kukhona i-alkaline, i-lithium-ion, i-lithium-polymer, i-helium, i-lead-acid, izinhlobo ze-nickel-metal-hybrid zamabhethri. I-asidi yomthofu isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni.

Indlela yokunquma uhlobo lwebhethri? Ukuze ubonise uhlobo lwebhethri kudivayisi, umenzi usebenzisa ukumaka okukhethekile: Sn (antimony), Ca-Ca (calcium), GEL (gel), njll.

Iliphi ibhethri elingcono kakhulu lemoto? Ukudayiswa ishibhile futhi hhayi njengokuhlekisayo mayelana nokushaja i-lead-acid. Kodwa zihlinzekwa (udinga ukuqapha izinga le-electrolyte). Amapharamitha abalulekile yi-inrush current kanye namahora we-ampere (umthamo).