Unganquma kanjani ukugqokwa kwephedi yamabhuleki

Ukuphepha emgwaqeni kuncike kwikhwalithi yohlelo lwamabhuleki emoto. Kungakho ukushintshwa kwamapayipi noma ukuxilongwa kwesimo sabo kufanele kwenziwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukushayela imoto kuhlala kuhambisana nezinqubo ezimbili eziphikisanayo: ukusheshisa nokunciphisa.

Ukugqokwa kwento yokushayisana kuncike kwijubane umshayeli acindezela ngalo ibhuleki lokuvunguza nobuningi besistimu esebenza ngayo. Umshayeli ngamunye ohlelweni lokusebenzisa imoto kufanele ahlole isimo samabhuleki emoto yakhe ukuze abone izinkinga noma azivimbele.

Cabanga ukuthi yisiphi isimo esidinga ukushintsha wonke amaphedi, ukuthi unganquma kanjani ukuthi okokusebenza sekuvele kusetshenzisiwe, futhi ingxenye leyo izolahlekelwa ukusebenza kwayo kungekudala, nokuthi uhlobo lokugqokwa kwamaphakethe wamabhuleki lungakhombisa ini.

Ziyini izimpawu zokugqoka

Ngokwengeziwe, sincoma ukuthi uzijwayeze ukuthi amaphedi ayini, nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zalezi zinto. Funda kabanzi ngalokhu. ngokwehlukana.

Iningi labakhiqizi bezimoto zesimanje batusa ukushintsha amaphedi kungakadluli isikhathi lapho imayela lingamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi. Kulesi sikhathi, into yokushayisana igcina ukusebenza kwayo okuphezulu. Vele, lesi sikhathi futhi sincike kwikhwalithi yezingxenye ezithathile, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngumenzi wemikhiqizo.

Uma umshayeli esebenzisa isitayela sokulinganisa esilinganisiwe, amaphedi angakhuphuka aze afike ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-50. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukubopha amabhuleki akuvamile ukuthi kwenzeke ngejubane eliphezulu. Kodwa uma imoto ihamba ngesivinini esikhulu futhi yehlisa ijubane ngamandla afanayo, khona-ke lezi zinto zizoguga ngokushesha okukhulu. Kulokhu, abashiyi ngisho izinkulungwane ezinhlanu.

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuqonda izimpawu zokugqoka, sincoma ukuthi ujwayelane kangcono nokuthi yini i-caliper brake nokuthi isebenza kanjani. Lokhu sekuvele kutholakala ukubuyekeza okuhlukile... Kuyafaneleka futhi ukucabangela ukuthi imoto yesabelomali inohlelo lokuhlanganisa amabhuleki. I-ekseli langaphambili kuyo liqukethe uhlobo lwediski, futhi ibhuleki langemuva lolohlobo lwesigubhu.

IBeat izwakala ngesikhathi sokubamba ibhuleki kanzima

Lapho impilo yokusebenza kwephedi iphela, ulwelwesi lokuxabana luqala ukugqoka ngokungalingani. Kulesi sigaba, impahla ingahle iqhekeke, futhi kokunye, izinhlayiya ezincane zingahle zehle zisuke kuyo. Uma iphedi enjalo ingashintshwa, amandla ngesikhathi sokubopha amabhuleki azokwenza ukuthi ingxenye iphele.

Ungaqinisekisa ukuthi inkinga yomsindo ongaphandle nokudlidliza ikumapads yini lapho usondela erobhothini noma enqamula ujantshi. Ngokucindezela i-pedal brake, umshayeli anganaka ukuthi isigqi sizwakala yini. Uma unyawo lususwa ku-pedal futhi lo mphumela unyamalala, sekuyisikhathi sokuya esiteshini sesevisi bese ushintsha ikhithi.

Esikhathini esiningi, ngokugqokiswa kolwelwesi olubucayi, ibhuleki disc izothintana nepuleti lesiginali. Lapho umshayeli webhasi esebenze ibhuleki, ukukhala okukhulu njalo kuzovela emasondweni.

Uhlelo lwe-braking luziphatha ngokungafanele

Olunye uphawu olukhombisa ukugqokwa kwephedi okunzima wushintsho kunqubo yokubopha. Kwezinye izimo, umshini wehlisa ijubane futhi ngokuvilaphayo (imvamisa kuba nokwanda kokuhamba ngezinyawo). Ngenkathi ukusebenza kwe-braking okuncishisiwe kudala ukungakhululeki futhi kukhulisa ingozi yengozi, ukubopha okunzima kuyisimo esibi kakhulu.

Isizathu salokhu kuziphatha kwamabhuleki ukuthi okokusebenza kokungqubuzana sekugugile ngokuphelele, ngenxa yokuthi i-disc isivele ixhumana nensimbi yephedi. Lapho isondo likhiya ngokungazelelwe, kungekudala noma kamuva lizoholela ekushayisaneni kwezimoto. Ngaphezu kokukhulisa ubungozi bengozi, ukusebenza kwamapayipi agugile kuyinsimbi kuzoholela ekwehlulekeni kwento esemqoka exhunywe kwihabhu lamasondo (idiski noma isigubhu).

Ngenkathi udaba olulandelayo lungahlobene nokugqokwa kwephedi, luvame ukutholwa ngokungaqondakali. Lapho umshayeli ebona ukuthi iphedali isiqalile ukuwa kakhulu ngenkathi ibhuleka, isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlola uketshezi lwamabhuleki ethangini lokukhulisa le-GTZ. Imvamisa lolu phawu lukhombisa ukuthi akukho noma ivolumu encane kakhulu yokusebenza okuphakathi kolayini (le nto ichazwa ngokuningiliziwe lapha).

Brake uthuli emarimu ngensimbi yensimbi

Njengoba ama-brake pads engabonakali kahle ngenxa yokwakheka kwamanye amadiski amasondo, kunzima ukubheka isimo sawo ngokubukeka. Endabeni yama-analogs esigubhu, ngaphandle kokuqaqa isondo nokuqaqa imishini, lokhu ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukukwenza.

Kodwa-ke, kunesibonakaliso esisodwa esikhomba ngokusobala ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswayo zikhathele ngokuphelele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngaphambi kokugeza imoto, kufanele unake isimo sediski lamasondo, noma kunalokho, luhlobo luni loqwembe olukuzo (lapho luvela khona uma imoto ingahambi odakeni, ungafunda ku esinye isihloko).

Uma umule kwidiski uqukethe ukushefa kwensimbi (lolu qweqwe ngeke lube mpunga ofanayo, kepha ngezinhlayiya ezicwebezelayo), lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esicacile sokugqoka okuqinile kulayini. Noma amabhuleki engakhiphi ukukhala okuqinile, ama-pads adinga ukushintshwa ngokushesha okukhulu, uma kungenjalo i-disc noma isigubhu sizohluleka ngokushesha.

Unganquma kanjani ukugqoka kwephedi

Ukuze umshayeli akwazi ukunquma ngesikhathi esifanele ukuthi amaphedi asevele adinga ukushintshwa, iningi labakhiqizi livame ukuhlomisa imikhiqizo yabo ngamadivayisi akhethekile okusayinda. Ukuguqulwa okuningi kunento yangaphakathi ngesimo sepuleti lensimbi eligobile.

Lapho ukushuba kwesendlalelo sokungqubuzana kufinyelela kunani elibucayi, leli puleti liqala ukuklwebha kwi-disc, lapho umshayeli ezwa khona umsindo oqinile njalo lapho kucindezelwa iphedali. Kodwa-ke, le nto, kanye nenzwa ye-elekthronikhi, ayihlinzeki ngo-100% imininingwane ephelele ngesimo salezi zingxenye.

Isibonelo, akuyona yonke imoto efakwe inzwa yokugqoka kagesi enalenzwa kuwo wonke amasondo. Kwezinye izimo, ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwamabhuleki, amaphedi esondo elilodwa angaguga kakhulu kunelinye.

Ulwazi oluningi kuzoba inkomba eyenziwe ngesimo sento yokukhuhlana egxunyekwe ngezinsimbi zensimbi. Amapayipi anjalo, noma efakwe ngokungalingani, azokhombisa ngokushesha lapho izinhlayiya zensimbi zizonwaya kudiski.

Okungcono, kungcono ukuthi umshayeli wemoto angathembeli kulawa madivayisi wokuxwayisa, kepha ngokungeziwe ubheka kabili isimo sezici zamabhuleki. Isibonelo, abanye abanikazi bezimoto benza ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo ngesikhathi sokushintshwa kwesondo lonyaka. Njengoba amasistimu e-disc nawedrama ahluke ngokwesakhiwo, inqubo yokuxilonga izohluka. Nakhu ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ngakunye.

Ungahlola kanjani ukugqoka kwephedi langaphambili

I-brake yangaphambili ilula kakhulu ukuyibheka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuqaqa isondo futhi ulinganise ubukhulu bendwangu ebhlokini. Ngokuya ngokuguqulwa kwalesi sici, inani elibucayi lizoba ubukhulu obukhawulelwe ungqimba lwesiginali.

Futhi, iphedi yamabhuleki inesikhala esisodwa noma eziningi lapho kususwa khona uthuli lapho impahla isiphelile. Uma le nto ibonakala, ukusetshenziswa kwebhulokhi enjalo kusavunyelwe.

Endleleni, kunconywa ukuhlola isimo se-piston kanye nemihlahlandlela. Lezi zingxenye zingaba muncu futhi zivimbe, zibangele ukubhuleka kungaphumeleli noma kujamu. Ukuvimbela izimo ezinjalo, abakhiqizi bezimoto batusa ukugcoba lezi zinto. Le nqubo ichazwe ngokuningiliziwe. lapha.

Ungakubheka kanjani ukugqoka kwesigqoko sedrum

I-brake yangemuva inzima kakhulu ukuyibheka, ngoba ama-actuator ayo avalelwe ngokuphelele yindlu yesigubhu. Ngaphezu kokukhipha isondo uqobo, umshayeli uzodinga ukuqaqa ingxenye yomshini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukususa ikhava yesigubhu. Kulesi simo kuphela lapho kungenziwa khona ukuhlolwa kwamapayipi.

Ezimotweni ezine-braking system ehlangene, i-asi yangaphambili ingumthwalo omkhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, amabhuleki angemuva anempilo ende yokusebenza, ngakho-ke awadingi ukubhekwa njalo ngaphandle uma kunesizathu esithile salokhu. Imvamisa, isikhawu sokushintsha lezi zinto sizoba ngaphakathi kokushintshwa okubili kuya kokuthathu kwamaphakethe angaphambili.

Ezinye izinhlelo zesigubhu zanamuhla zifakwe umgodi okhethekile wokuhlola, okwenza kube lula ukuhlola ukushuba kwephedi. Ubukhulu obuncane bephedi yangemuva akufanele bube ngaphansi kwamamilimitha ayisithupha nengxenye. Kodwa-ke, ukususa isigubhu nakho kukuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukusebenza kwendlela yonke, futhi ususe uthuli kuyo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukwenza lokho kutholakala.

Ingxenye yangaphakathi yesigubhu kufanele ibe ngumhlabathi olinganayo ngoba isicathulo sihlala sithintana naso. Uma imikhondo yokugqwala ibonakala kule ngxenye, kusho ukuthi iphedi ayihambisani kahle nezinhlangothi zesigubhu.

Ukuhlonza imbangela yokugqoka

Imvamisa, kuwo wonke amasondo emotweni, amaphedi aguga ngezindlela ezihlukile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-asi engaphambili ilayishwa kakhulu ngesikhathi sokubopha amabhuleki, ngoba umzimba ugxumela phambili ngenxa ye-inertia, ne-asi engemuva iyalayishwa. Uma umshayeli esebenzisa ukubhuleka kanzima, ama-linings azoguga ngokushesha okukhulu.

Izinhlobo eziningi zesimanje zihlonyiswe ngohlelo lwe-ESP (kuchazwa kanjani ukuthi uhlelo lokuqiniswa kwezinga lokushintshisana lusebenza kanjani ngokwehlukana). Ukucaciswa kwale divayisi kubopha amabhuleki ngokuzenzakalela lapho kunengozi yokushushuluza emotweni. Yize uhlelo olunjalo luhlinzeka ngokuphepha nokulawulwa kwemoto, ukusebenza kwayo kaningi kuholela ekugqokeni kwamaphakethe ngamanye, futhi le nqubo ayinakulawulwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele unqamule idivayisi (ukuthi lokhu kwenziwa kanjani, kuchazwa lapha).

Nalu uhlu oluncane lwezizathu zokugqoka kaningi noma okungeyona kwemvelo kwamaphakethe.

Wedge bafake

Izizathu zalo mphumela kungaba:

1. Amaphutha lapho ufaka amaphedi;
2. Izinto ezisezingeni eliphansi zokufaka isicathulo;
3. Isici sedivayisi yamanye ama-brake system, isibonelo, lawo anama-calipers angeziwe wokuthuthukisa ukusebenza;
4. Ubakaki we-caliper kufanele aqondise ingxenye ngempumelelo ukuze zonke izingxenye zengxenye zixhumane nediski ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu kungenzeka kungenzeki ngenxa yokuqiniswa okungalungile kwesibopho sokubopha;
5. Ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokuqinisa umshudo wokubopha kungaholela ekuguqulweni kwawo;
6. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwegiye yokugijima yemoto, isibonelo, ukuthuthukiswa kokuthwala isondo, okubangela ukuqubuka (lokhu kwenzeka ngokungavamile ngokweqile);
7. Imihlahlandlela ejulisayo;
8. I-axle igobile ekubambeni kwemivimbo (noma i-rack).

Ukugqoka okusheshayo kwamaphakethe

Ukukhiqizwa kwempahla okusheshisiwe kungabangelwa izizathu ezilandelayo:

1. Iphedi inezinto ezingafanele emotweni ethile, isibonelo, ithambe kakhulu;
2. Ukushayela ngolaka;
3. Umshini ufakwe uhlelo lwe-ESP;
4. Ukusebenzela i-disc brake noma isigubhu;
5. Ukulungiswa kwe-caliper okungalungile - iphedi icindezelwe ebusweni be-disc noma isigubhu;
6. Umshini ungenzi lutho isikhathi eside.

Ukugqoka kwephedi kwangaphakathi nangaphandle

Into yangaphakathi iyaphela ngenxa:

1. I-piston emuncu;
2. Abakhaphi besiqondisi abomile noma abonakele;
3. Ukwehlukaniswa kwe-caliper.

Into yangaphandle ingaguga ngenxa yalezi zizathu ezilandelayo:

1. Imihlahlandlela ye-Caliper i-acidified;
2. I-lubrication yemihlahlandlela ayitholakali noma ubuso bayo bugugile;
3. Umklami we-caliper ukhubazekile.

Ukugqoka okuhlukile kwephedi

Ama-pads kumasondo ngamanye angagqoka ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ngenxa ye:

1. Ukusebenza okungalungile kwe-GTZ;
2. Umshayeli uvame ukusebenzisa ibhuleki lesandla;
3. Izinto zokumbondelana zingahluka ekubunjweni noma ekuqineni;
4. Iphutha disc ukubopha.

Kuyenzeka ukuthi amaphakethe agqoke ngokungalingani esondweni elilodwa. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezizathu ezilandelayo:

1. Isethi ingafaka amaphedi wekhwalithi ehlukile;
2. I-caliper piston yaphenduka yaba muncu.

Uwashintsha nini ama-pads

Uma ulwazi lomshayeli mayelana nokusebenza kohlelo lwe-braking kungubumnyama obuqinile, khona-ke kungcono ukwethemba uchwepheshe ukuthi athathe indawo kokuthengiwe kuyo. Imvamisa, ama-pads ayashintshwa lapho okokusebenza sekugugile kwaba yinani elibucayi (ngasikhathi sinye, kuzwakala imisindo yesici yama-alamu noma inzwa yokugqoka edeshibhodi idalwa). Icala lesibili elokugcinwa kwemoto okujwayelekile.

Abashayeli abaningi benza le nqubo kwasekuqaleni. Uma imoto ihamba ibanga elifushane unyaka wonke, kungakuhle ukuthi uyihlolisise yonke imoto okungenani kanye ngonyaka, okuzofaka izindlela zokukhohlisa ezahlukahlukene, kubandakanya nokuhlola isimo samapads.

Endabeni yemayela enkulu enokugibela "kwabahola impesheni", amaphedi angabukeka emuhle nangemva kokudlula izinkulungwane ezingama-50. Izakhi ezinjalo zisanconywa ukuthi zishintshwe, ngoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngenxa yokushisa kwazo okupholile nokupholisa, ama-coarsens wezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngesikhathi senqubo yokubamba amabhuleki, akusekho ulwelwesi olungqubuzanayo olungaguga, kepha yidiski noma isigubhu uqobo.

Ukugqoka okuvumelekile kwamaphakethe

Imvamisa, izinga okunqunywa ngalo ukugqoka okuvumayo kwento engqubuzanayo likhona kuzo zonke izimoto. Ubukhulu obuncane bendwangu kufanele bube phakathi kwamamilimitha amathathu kuya kwamabili. Kulesi sigaba, badinga ukuguqulwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho uxilonga, kufanele unake ingxenye encane kakhulu yebhlokhi, uma kubonakala ukukhiqizwa okungalingani kuyo. Vele, kuleli cala kuyadingeka ukuqeda isizathu sokuthi iphedi ayinamatheli ngokuphelele kubuso bediski.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngokwanda kwenani lezimoto, ubukhulu obuncane bamaphayiphu kufanele bube bukhulu. Ngokuqondene nama-SUV noma ama-crossovers, le parameter kufanele ibe ngamamilimitha ayi-3,5-3,0. Izimoto ezincane nezimoto zabagibeli, ukushuba okuvumelekile kubhekwa njengokufika kumamilimitha amabili.

Akunandaba noma ngabe amapayipi asephenduke ukusetshenziswa yini noma cha, ngenxa yokuphepha emgwaqeni, sincoma ukuthi uphinde uhlole ukuthi asekhulile yini. Inqubo yokushintsha amasondo yonyaka ilungele lokhu.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Kungakanani ukugqokwa kwamabhuleki okwamukelekayo? Isilinganiso senani elivumelekile lezinto ezisele zokungqubuzana ekugcineni zingamamilimitha angu-2-3 olwelwesi. Kodwa kungcono ukushintsha ama-pads kusenesikhathi ukuze i-disc ingonakalisiwe ngenxa yokugqoka okungalingani.

Wazi kanjani uma ama-brake pads akho adinga ukushintshwa? Lapho ijika ohlangothini lwelinye lamasondo (noma wonke), kuzwakala ukushaya (i-block iyalenga), futhi lapho ibhuleka, amabhuleki akhipha umsindo wokugaya (ama-metal shavings anezelwa engxenyeni esele yongqimba oluqhumayo).

Kwenzekani uma ama-brake pads engashintshwa? Okokuqala, amaphedi anjalo azokhala kakhulu isikhathi ngasinye ngesikhathi sokubhuleka. Okwesibili, amaphedi agugile azolimaza i-disc lapho ubhuleka.