Ukufaka esikhundleni sezimpawu zama-valve zesiqu senjini yemoto - izimpawu zokuguga namathiphu

Uma izivalo zeziqu ze-valve zihluleka, injini iqala ukusebenzisa uwoyela omningi. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kweyunithi yamandla, kunokwakheka okuningi kwentuthu ewugqinsi. Cabanga ukuthi kungani inkinga yalezi zinto ezincane ingaba nemiphumela emibi emotweni.

Kungani udinga ama-valve stem seal

Uphawu lwe-valve stem oil yigama lale ngxenye. Kusuka egameni layo kulandela ukuthi ifakwe kwi-valve kumshini wokusabalalisa igesi. Umsebenzi wamakepisi ukuvikela igrisi yenjini ukuthi ingangeni kwisilinda nge-valve evulekile. Zibukeka njengezindlala zenjoloba ezinemithombo yokucindezela.

Inani lalezi zingxenye liyefana nenani lama-valve. Lapho i-valve ivula ukuvulwa okuhambisanayo, kufanele yomile. Kodwa ngasikhathi sinye, ngenxa yokuxabana okungapheli, induku kufanele ithole ukuthambisa okudingekayo. Yomibili le miphumela ingatholakala nge-bushings yenjoloba. Njengoba zenziwe ngezinto ezinwebeka, ziyaguga ngenxa yokuxineka okungaguquki komshini nokushisa, kanye nokuvezwa uwoyela wenjini.

Zisebenza kanjani izimvu zamanzi zesiqu se-valve

Isiqu se-valve singenziwa ngemiklamo emibili ehlukene:

1. Cuff. Idudulelwa esiqwini se-valve bese ifakwa kumhlahlandlela wayo. Iphuma ekhanda lesilinda. Zibiza kancane (uma kuqhathaniswa nokuguqulwa okulandelayo) futhi zingashintshwa ngokushesha. Inkinga kuphela ukuthi ukuqaqa kudinga idivayisi ekhethekile.
2. Valve uwoyela uphawu. Ingena ngaphansi kwentwasahlobo ye-valve. Le nto ilungisa ikepisi iphinde icindezele imiphetho yayo, iqinisekise ukubekwa uphawu okuzinzile kwekhanda kule ngxenye. Lezi zingxenye zithembeke ngokwengeziwe, ngoba azikutholi ukucindezela kokushisa okufana nozakwabo bangaphambilini. Futhi, abaxhumani ngqo nomkhono womhlahlandlela, ngakho-ke umthwalo owenziwe ekhanda ungaphansi. Alikho ithuluzi elikhethekile elidingekayo lokushintsha okunye ukulungiswa okunjalo. Ububi yintengo ephezulu. Uma uthenga isethi yesabelomali sama-caps, ungagcina ezintweni ezisezingeni eliphansi ezenziwe ngezinto ezinzile. Okuncamelayo kufanele kunikezwe izinketho ezivela ku-acrylate noma i-fluoroelastomer.

Ukuze indlela yokusabalalisa igesi isebenze ngaphandle kokugqoka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwezingxenye ezihlikihlayo, kufanele ihlale iqukethe ioyili yokuthambisa (ukuthi indlela yokusebenza kwesikhathi isebenza kanjani nokuthi isebenza kanjani ichaziwe esihlokweni esehlukile). Noma kunjalo, uwoyela akufanele ungene emgodini wesilinda.

Ukube ama-valve stem seals abengasetshenziswa ngesikhathi, i-lubricant ibingahlangana nophethiloli nomoya. Ngendlela yayo emsulwa, i-BTC isuswa kwisilinda ngaphandle kwezinsalela ngemuva komlilo. Uma uwoyela engena ekwakhiweni kwawo, khona-ke lo mkhiqizo, ngemuva kokushisa, wakha inani elikhulu lomlotha. Iqoqa esihlalweni se-valve. Lokhu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi i-valve iyeka ukucindezela ngokuqinile emzimbeni wekhanda, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuqina kwesilinda kulahlekile.

Ngaphezu kwe-valve, i-carbon deposits yakha ezindongeni zekamelo likaphethiloli (umgodi ongathintani namasongo okususa uwoyela), nakuma-piston, nasemasongweni okucindezelwa. "Ukubhema" okunjalo kwemoto kuholela ekwehleni ekusebenzeni kwayo futhi kunciphise impilo yayo yokusebenza.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokugqoka kuzimpawu zama-valve stem

Unganquma kanjani ukuthi ama-valve stem seals asengasebenziseki futhi adinga ukushintshwa? Nazi ezinye zezimpawu "eziyinhloko":

• Injini yaqala ukuthatha uwoyela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ikepisi aliqoqi igrisi, kepha lingena egumbini lesilinda.
• Lapho umshayeli ecindezela i-accelerator, kuphuma intuthu emnyama noma emnyama ipayipi le-exhaust, elingabangelwa ukuqalwa kwenjini ebandayo ebusika (le nto ichazwa ngokuningiliziwe lapha).
• Ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwekhabhoni esindayo, ama-valve awavali ngokuqinile. Lokhu kuthinta ukuminyana, okuholela ekwehleni kokusebenza kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi.
• Ama-Carbon deposits avele kuma-electrode ngesikhathi sokushintshwa kwama-plugs ngezikhathi ezithile. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ze-carbon deposits ku- ukubuyekeza okuhlukile.
• Esimweni esinganakwa kakhulu, ukusebenza ngokushelela kwenjini ngokungasebenzi kuyalahleka.
• Ngezinhlelo zokushisa kanye nokuhlinzeka ngophethiloli, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kukhuphuke kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi indlela umshayeli aziphatha ngayo ayishintsheli esitayeleni esinolaka.

Azikho kulezi zimpawu ezikulolu hlu ezingamaphesenti ayi-100 obufakazi bokuthi ofeleba abagugile. Kepha uma sekuhlanganisiwe, bayakuvumela ukuthi unqume ukuthi izinkinga zikhona ngezimpawu zamaphini.

Ezimotweni ezindala zomkhakha wezimoto ezifuywayo, ukugqoka kuzoqala ukuzibonakalisa ngemuva kokuthi imoto ihlanganise amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-80. Kumamodeli wesimanje, kusetshenziswa into ethembeke ngokwengeziwe, ngenxa yokuthi izingxenye zinezinsizakusebenza ezengeziwe (cishe amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-160).

Lapho ama-valve stem seals eselahlekelwe ukunwebeka futhi eqala ukudedela uwoyela, injini ngokungaqondile izoqala ukwehla ngamandla ngemuva kwekhilomitha ngalinye lihambile.

Imiphumela yokushayela ngezimpawu zezimpawu zevalvevu ezigugile

Vele, ungagibela ngezimpawu zezinsimbi ezigugile okwesikhashana. Kepha uma umshayeli engazinaki izimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla, uzoqala isimo seyunithi kuze kuthi ekugcineni, asebenzise insiza yakhe, noma engakayidlulanga imayela ebekiwe.

Lapho ukuminyaniswa kwamasilinda kwehla, umshayeli kuzodingeka ukuthi ayinyathele kakhulu injini ukuze alondoloze indlela yokuziphatha ejwayelekile yokushayela. Ukuze enze lokhu, uzodinga ukusebenzisa uphethiloli omningi. Ngaphezu kokucatshangelwa kwezomnotho, ukushayela ngezindwangu ezigugile kuzoholela ekusebenzeni kwezimoto okungazinzile.

Iyunithi yamandla izolahlekelwa ijubane elingenzi lutho. Kuzoba nezinkinga ngokuqala injini, futhi kumarobhothi nasezitimeleni zezitimela, umshayeli uzodinga ukuthi aqhubeke nokumpompa igesi. Lokhu kuyaphazamisa, okunciphisa impendulo yakhe ezimweni eziphuthumayo.

Lapho injini iqala ukusebenzisa uwoyela omningi, umshayeli kufanele engeze igrisi. Uma ivolumu yayo iwela ngaphansi kobuncane, injini ingathola indlala kawoyela. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukulungiswa kwe-ICE nakanjani kuzobiza.

Uma imoto inokhiye wokusebenza ohlelweni lokukhipha, le ngxenye izosheshe yehluleke, ngoba umsebenzi wayo omkhulu ukuhlanza ukukhipha ukungcola okuyingozi okuqukethwe intuthu. Ukufaka esikhundleni sesiguquli esisebenzisayo kwezinye izimoto kubiza kakhulu kunokufaka ama-valve stem seal.

Ngaphezu kokuphepha (noma ngabe umshayeli enekhono lokushayela kangangokuthi angenza izinto eziningana ngenkathi eshayela ngasikhathi sinye), imoto izobhekana nengcindezi eyengeziwe. Futhi ngenxa yokwanda kokufakwa kwekhabhoni ngaphakathi kweyunithi, izingxenye zayo zizoshisa kakhulu (ngenxa yesendlalelo esingeziwe, ukuhanjiswa okushisayo kwezinto zensimbi kulahlekile).

Lezi zinto ziletha injini yomlilo yangaphakathi eduze nokulungiswa. Endabeni yezimoto ezithile zesabelomali, le nqubo ibiza kakhulu kangangokuba kushibhile ukuthenga enye imoto.

Ukufaka esikhundleni sezimpawu ze-valve stem

Ukuze ukulungiswa kube kwekhwalithi ephezulu, inkosi kufanele ihambisane nalezi zincomo ezilandelayo:

1. Uzodinga ithuluzi elikhethekile lokususa izigqoko ezigugile. Ngenxa yalokhu, ithuba lokwephula izingxenye eziseduze linciphile;
2. Lapho kushintshwa izimvu zamanzi zikawoyela, izimbobo zokungenisa nokukhipha injini ziyavezwa. Ukuvimbela imfucumfucu ukuthi ingafiki lapho, kufanele imbozwe ngokucophelela ngendwangu ehlanzekile;
3. Ukuvimbela ukulimala kwe-valve stem seal entsha ngesikhathi sokufakwa, kufanele ithanjiswe ngo-oyili wenjini;
4. Akufanele uthenge izinto ezishibhile, ngoba izinto ezinokwethenjelwa ezingatheni zingasetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwazo;
5. Ama-motors amadala angafakwa nezimpawu zamafutha ezintsha. Kodwa-ke, esimweni sezimoto zesimanje, kufanele kusetshenziswe amakepisi amasha kuphela. Ozakwethu besitayela sakudala akufanele bafakwe.

Uma umsebenzi wenziwe okokuqala ngqa, khona-ke kungcono ukuwenza phambi kwenkosi eqonda konke ubuqili benqubo. Lokhu kunciphisa ithuba lokwenza okuthile okungalungile.

Ukufaka esikhundleni sezimpawu zama-valve stem ngezandla zakho

Ukwenza umsebenzi wokuzishintsha ngokwakho izimvu zamanzi zesiqu se-valve, uzodinga amathuluzi adingekayo - i-desiccant yama-valve, ama-wrenches osayizi ofanele, i-mandrel yokufaka izimvu zamanzi, kanye ne-pliers ekhethekile yokuqaqa izimpawu zikawoyela.

Kunezinketho ezimbili zokwenza umsebenzi:

• Ngaphandle kokukhipha ikhanda lesilinda. Lapho wenza le nqubo, kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi lapho ufaka ibhokisi lokufaka impahla, i-valve ingawela kwisilinda. Ngalesi sizathu, indawo ephezulu efile kumele isethwe kusethi ngayinye ye-valve. Lokhu kuzobamba i-piston endaweni. Kulokhu, umsebenzi uzobe ushibhile, ngoba ngemuva kokufaka uphawu lwezimpawu zikawoyela, awudingi ukugaya ikhanda ukufaka i-gasket esikhundleni.
• Ngokususwa kwekhanda. Inqubo icishe ifane neyangaphambilini, kepha kungcono ukuyilandela uma udinga ukufaka esikhundleni se-cylinder head gasket endleleni. Izosiza futhi lapho ungabaza ngesimo esihle samasongo okucinana nama-piston.

Ukushintshwa kwezimpawu zamandla kawoyela kwenzeka ngokohlelo olulandelayo:

• Susa ikhava ye-valve;
• Sibeka i-TDC noma siqaqa ikhanda;
• I-desiccant isetshenziselwa ukucindezela intwasahlobo futhi ikhulule abaqhekezi;
• Okulandelayo, hlukanisa uphawu lukawoyela ngamaphini. Ungasebenzisi impintshisi, njengoba zikwazi ukuskena isibuko sesiqu se-valve;
• Sifaka ikepisi eligcotshwe ngamafutha bese siyicindezela nge-mandrel ngokushaywa kwesando okulula (kulesi sigaba, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu, ngoba ingxenye ikhubazeke kalula);
• Kungenzeka ukunquma ukufakwa okulungile esihlalweni sekepisi ngomsindo ofiphele ngesikhathi sokuthepha okulula ngesando;
• Zonke izimpawu zikawoyela zishintshwa ngendlela efanayo;
• Yomisa i-valve (faka iziphethu endaweni yazo);
• Sihlanganisa indlela yokusabalalisa igesi.

Abanye abashayeli basebenzisa amakhemikhali akhethekile ezenzakalelayo enza izinto zenjoloba ezindala zibe nokunwebeka ngokwengeziwe, ngaleyo ndlela zandise impilo yazo yokusebenza. Kungenzeka ukubuyisela izigqoko esezigugile (uma ngabe impahla ilukhuni nje), kepha lokhu akulungile ngokwezomnotho, ngoba kungekudala inqubo izodinga ukuphindwa.

Njengoba ngesikhathi sokuqaqa nokuhlangana kwesikhathi esilandelayo kuyadingeka ukusetha kahle amamaki adingekayo, kuzobiza kakhulu ukunikeza imoto kochwepheshe abakwaziyo ukulungisa kahle imoto.

Nayi ividiyo emfushane yokuthi ungazishintsha kanjani kalula izivalo ze-valve ngokwakho:

ukufaka esikhundleni sezimpawu zama-valve stem kuyindlela elula

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Ingabe ngidinga ukuhlanganisa ama-valve lapho ngishintsha amakepisi? Kuya ngokuthi ukushintshwa kwenziwa kanjani. Uma ikhanda lingasuswa, ngakho-ke akudingekile. Ngokuhlaziywa kwekhanda le-cylinder kanye nenjini kudlule ngaphezu kwe-50, khona-ke udinga ukuhlola isimo sama-valve.

Ingabe ama-valve stem seal angashintshwa ngaphandle kokukhipha ikhanda? Inqubo enjalo ingenzeka, kodwa uma ama-pistons noma ama-valve engaphekwa nge-soot eqinile. Ukuze ungasusi ikhanda, udinga ukuqaphela inkinga ngesikhathi.