Konke mayelana nokubeka ikhanda lesilinda emotweni

Ukwenza imoto ibe lula ukuyilungisa, futhi ngokuvamile bekungenzeka ukuhlanganisa zonke izingxenye zibe yunithi eyodwa, injini yakhiwa izingxenye eziningana. Idivayisi yayo ifaka i-cylinder block, ikhanda lesilinda nesembozo se-valve. Pallet efakwe ezansi motor.

Lapho izingxenye zixhumene (ngaphakathi kwezinye, kwakheka izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zengcindezi), kufakwa okokuxhuma phakathi kwazo. Le nto iqinisekisa ukuqina, ivimbele ukuvuza kwendawo yokusebenza - kungaba umoya noma uketshezi.

Okunye ukuwohloka kwenjini ukusha kwegasket phakathi kwebhulokhi nekhanda. Kungani lokhu kungasebenzi kahle kwenzeka nokuthi kungalungiswa kanjani? Ake sibhekane nale mibuzo neminye ehlobene nayo.

Yini i-cylinder head gasket emotweni?

Izimbobo eziningi zobuchwepheshe zenziwe ezindlini zezimoto (ngazo uwoyela unikezwa ukuthambisa noma uyasuswa ngemuva kokucubungula zonke izindlela zokubuyela esampeni), kufaka phakathi amasilinda uqobo. Kubekwa ikhanda ngaphezulu. Izimbobo zama-valve zenziwa kuwo, kanye nezibopho zendlela yokusabalalisa igesi. Isakhiwo sivaliwe ngenhla ngesembozo se-valve.

I-cylinder head gasket itholakala phakathi kwebhulokhi nekhanda. Zonke izimbobo ezidingekayo zenziwa kuwo: ezobuchwepheshe, zokubopha kanye namasilinda. Usayizi nobungako balezi zinto kuncike ekuguqulweni kwemoto. Kukhona futhi izimbobo zokujikeleza kwe-antifreeze eceleni kwejakhethi yenjini, enikezela ukupholisa kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi.

Ama-gaskets enziwe nge-paronite noma ngensimbi. Kepha kukhona nozakwabo be-asbestos noma i-elastic polymer. Abanye abashayeli basebenzisa i-silicone sealant engamelana nokushisa esikhundleni se-gasket, kepha lokhu akunconyiwe, ngoba into eyeqile ngemuva kokuhlanganisa imoto ingasuswa ngaphandle kuphela. Uma abicah evimba kancane noma yimuphi umgodi (futhi lokhu kunzima kakhulu ukukhipha), lokhu kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwenjini.

Le ngxenye ingatholakala kalula kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezingxenye zezimoto. Izindleko zayo ziphansi, kepha umsebenzi wokuyishintsha uzobiza umnikazi wemoto isamba esikhulu impela. Vele, lokhu futhi kuya ngemodeli yenjini.

Izindleko eziphezulu zomsebenzi zidalwa ukuthi ukushintshwa kwe-gasket kungenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuqaqa iyunithi. Ngemuva komhlangano, udinga ukulungisa isikhathi bese usetha izigaba zayo.

Nayi imisebenzi esemqoka ye-cylinder head gasket:

• Igcina igesi eyakhiwe ngemuva kokushiswa kwe-VTS ekushiyeni izindlu zezimoto. Ngenxa yalokhu, isilinda igcina ukucinana lapho ingxube kaphethiloli nomoya kucindezelwa noma kunwebeka ngemuva kokusha;
• Ivimbela uwoyela wenjini ukungena emgodini we-antifreeze;
• Kuvimbela ukuvuza kukawoyela we-injini noma i-antifreeze.

Le nto ingeyesigaba sokusetshenziswa, njengoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iba engasebenziseki. Njengoba ingcindezi enkulu idalwa kumasilinda, okokusebenza okugugile kungabhoboza, noma kushise. Lokhu akufanele kuvunyelwe, futhi uma lokhu kwenzekile, kuyadingeka ukuthi kubuyiselwe ingxenye ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma ungasinaki isidingo sokulungiswa, ungalimaza injini yomlilo yangaphakathi.

Ungaqonda kanjani ukuthi i-cylinder head gasket yephukile?

Awudingi ukwenza ukuxilongwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ukubona ukutubeka kwegasket. Lokhu kuboniswa ngophawu oluthile (futhi kwesinye isikhathi kuneziningi zazo), oluhambisana nalokhu kuphuka okuthile. Kepha okokuqala, ake sibheke ukuthi kungani ama-spacers ehla.

Izimbangela zokwehluleka

Isizathu sokuqala sokugqoka impahla ngaphambi kwesikhathi amaphutha ngesikhathi sokuhlangana kweyunithi. Kwezinye izindawo, izindonga zento yokuqinisa ziyancipha, okwenza kube lula ukudabuka. Ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo iyinto ebaluleke ngokulinganayo ekunqumeni imvamisa yokushintshwa kwayo.

Isitha esiyinhloko sezinto ze-head gasket ukungcola. Ngalesi sizathu, ngesikhathi sokufaka esikhundleni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izinto zangaphandle (ngisho nezinhlamvu zesihlabathi) ezingena phakathi kwebhulokhi nekhanda. Okunye futhi okubalulekile ikhwalithi yezindawo zokuxhuma. Ukuphela kwebhulokhi, noma ikhanda akufanele kube nephutha ngendlela yamachips noma i-roughness.

Esinye isizathu sokusha okusheshayo kwe-gasket ukulungiswa okungalungile kwekhanda lesilinda. Ibhawodi yokuqinisa kufanele iqiniswe ngezinga elithile futhi zonke izinto zokubopha kufanele zifakwe ngokulandelana. Kukuphi ukulandelana, nokuthi amabhawodi kufanele aqiniswe ngamaphi amandla, umenzi wazisa ngemibhalo yezobuchwepheshe yemoto noma imiyalo yekhithi yokulungisa lapho i-gasket ikhona khona.

Ngezinye izikhathi ukushisa kwe-motor kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi indiza ye-gasket ikhubazekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, impahla izosha ngokushesha futhi kuzovela esinye sezimpawu ezilandelayo.

Izimpawu zekhanda lesilinda esikhonjiwe

Esinye sezimpawu ezidume kakhulu ukuqhuma okukhulu kusilinda othile (noma eziningana) ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini. Nazi ezinye izimpawu ezimbalwa ezibonisa inkinga ngezinto zokubamba:

• Isakhiwo senjini Lokhu kungenzeka (uma uphethiloli nezinhlelo zokubasa zisebenza kahle) lapho igebe selakhiwe phakathi kwamasilinda. Lokhu kungasebenzi kahle kutholakala ngokulinganisa ukucindezelwa. Kodwa-ke, ingcindezi ephansi kanye nokwenza okuphindwe kathathu nakho kuyizimpawu zesifo esibi kakhulu semoto. Izizathu ze-triplet ziyatshelwa lapha, kwaxoxwa ngezilinganiso zengcindezi lapha;
• Kancane kakhulu - ukuvela kwamagesi wokukhipha ohlelweni lokupholisa. Kulokhu, ukutubeka kwenzeka endaweni lapho umugqa wokupholisa ibhantshi udlula khona;
• Ukushisa kwe-motor. Lokhu kwenzeka uma imiphetho yesilinda yesilinda iphela. Ngenxa yalokhu, amagesi aqeda ukushisa ashisa kakhulu okokupholisa, okuholela ekusakazekeni okushisayo kokushisa okuvela ezindongeni zesilinda;
• Amafutha ohlelweni lokupholisa. Esimweni sokuqala, umnikazi wemoto uzobona izindawo zokugcoba ethangini lokunweba (usayizi wabo uncike ebangeni lokutubeka). Esikhathini sesibili, i-emulsion izokwakhiwa emafutheni. Kulula ukubona ukuthi uyayikhipha yini idipiki ngemuva kokusebenzisa imoto. Igwebu elimhlophe lizobonakala ebusweni bayo;
• Ukushisa phakathi kwamasilinda kungazibonakalisa njengokuqala okunzima okubandayo kweyunithi yamandla, kepha ngemuva kokufudumala, ukuzinza kwayo kuyabuya;
• Ukuvela kukadonsa uwoyela ekuhlanganeni kwebhulokhi nasekhanda;
• Ukuqina okukhulu nokumhlophe nokuncishiswa okuzinzile kwe-antifreeze ngaphandle kokuvuza kwangaphandle.

Okufanele ukwenze uma i-cylinder head gasket yephukile

Kulokhu, okuwukuphela kwesixazululo senkinga kungaba ukufaka into eshile nge entsha. Izindleko zento entsha yokukhipha zixhomeke kumkhiqizi kanye nezici zomkhiqizo, kepha ngokwesilinganiso, umnikazi we-gasket yemoto uzobiza cishe ama-dollar amathathu. Yize uhla lwamanani lusuka ku-3 kuye kuma-40 dollars.

Kodwa-ke, iningi lazo zonke izimali lizosetshenziselwa ukwenza lo msebenzi, kanye nakwezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo. Ngakho-ke, lapho ibhawodi yokuqinisa ingavuleki, ngeke isasetshenziswa okwesibili - vele uyishintshe entsha. Izindleko zokusetha cishe zingama- $ 10 ngaphezulu.

Okulandelayo, udinga ukuhlola ikhwalithi yendawo yokugcina yekhanda nokuvimba. Uma kunesidingo (futhi lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka), lezi zindawo zinesihlabathi. Kuzothatha futhi cishe amadola ayishumi ukukhokhela lo msebenzi, futhi i-gasket isivele izodinga ukuthenga eyokulungisa (ungqimba lokugaya luyabhekwa). Futhi lokho sekusebenzise cishe ama- $ 25 (ngamanani wesabelomali), kepha empeleni akukho okwenziwe okwamanje.

Ngokuya ngezici zokuklanywa kwemoto, ukususa ikhanda kungahle kuhambisane nomsebenzi owengeziwe wokudiliza. Ukuze uvimbele iphutha elingenakulungiswa futhi ungonakalisi imishini ebiza kakhulu, kufanele liphathiswe uchwepheshe. Ngokuya ngesifunda, yonke inqubo izothatha cishe ama- $ 50 ngokungeziwe kuzindleko zokusetshenziswa.

Ngemuva kokufaka okunye okokugcina, kufanele ushayele isikhashana, ubhekisisa ukusebenza kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Uma kungekho zimpawu ze-gasket eshile, khona-ke imali isetshenziswe kahle.

Ungayishintsha kanjani i-gasket yekhanda lesilinda ngendlela efanele

Uhlelo lokuqaqa i-gasket elidala lingahluka, ngoba kunokulungiswa okuningi kwama-motors. Kwamanye amamodeli, izingxenye eziningi noma okunamathiselwe kumele kususwe kuqala. Ukuma kwe-camshaft yesikhathi kufanele kuphawulwe futhi ngaphambi kokukhipha ibhande lokushayela.

Ukuhlakazwa kwekhanda uqobo kumele futhi kwenziwe ngohlelo oluthile. Ngakho-ke, amabhawodi wokuqinisa kufanele akhululwe ngokulandelana, bese kuphela lapho engavuleki ngokuphelele. Ngezenzo ezinjalo, inkosi iqinisekisa ukukhululeka kokucindezeleka okufanayo.

Kwesinye isikhathi i-hairpin endala iyagqashuka ngesikhathi sokudilizwa. Ukuze uyiqaqe, ungathatha ishubhu elincane elinobubanzi obuncane bese ulishisela engxenyeni ebhajwe yebhawodi. Ukuze kube lula, ungashisela i-nut kuze kube sekupheleni kweshubhu. Okulandelayo, ukhiye uyasuswa ucezu olusele lwesigcini.

Ubuso bezinto okufanele zihlanganiswe buhlanzwa ngokucophelela kusuka kuzinsalela zezinto zakudala. Okulandelayo, kuhlolwe ukuthi kukhona yini ukukhubazeka endaweni yokufaka i-gasket entsha, izikhonkwane ezintsha ziyafakwa, kufakwe i-gasket entsha, ikhanda le-block lifakwa ezikhonkwaneni bese kufakwa ikhava. Izihlanganisi kufanele ziqiniswe kuphela nge-torque wrench, kuphela ngokuya ngohlelo olunikezwe ngumenzi.

Okuncane ngemiphumela yomsebenzi ongafanele:

Ukufakwa esikhundleni okungalungile kwe-cylinder head gasket | Imiphumela

Ngabe ngidinga ukwelula ikhanda lesilinda ngemuva kokufaka esikhundleni se-gasket

Phambilini, oomakhenikha bezimoto bancoma ukuzelula (noma ukuqinisa ikhanda lesilinda) ngamakhilomitha ayi-1000. Maqondana nezinto zanamuhla, isidingo senqubo enjalo siyakhishwa.

Amanani ezincwadi zensizakalo akhombisa isidingo sokulungisa ama-valve futhi ahlole isimo sebhande lesikhathi, kepha ukubheka i-torque yokuqinisa akubikwa.

Uma kusetshenziswa i-gasket engenisiwe ene-sealant efakiwe, futhi kusetshenziswa uhlelo olujwayelekile lokuqinisa (2 * 5 * 9, futhi umzuzu wokugcina ulethwe kuma-degree angama-90), lapho-ke ukuqiniswa okwengeziwe kwamabhawodi akudingeki.

Enye yezinto ezilandelanayo eziqinisa umshudo

Kukhona esinye isikimu: ekuqaleni, zonke izikopelo zidonswa ngomzamo ka-2 kg, bese-ke ngo-8 kg. Okulandelayo, i-torque wrench isethwe ngamandla wamakhilogremu ayi-11,5 futhi yakhipha ama-90 degrees. Ekugcineni - udinga ukwengeza amandla we-12,5 ne-angle yokujikeleza - 90 g.

Insimbi noma i-paronite cylinder head gasket: yikuphi okungcono

Ekuphetheni, cishe izinhlobo ezimbili zama-gaskets: i-paronite noma insimbi. Isici esiyinhloko lapho ukukhetha kuncike khona izincomo zomkhiqizi wemoto. Uma umenzi echaza ukuthi kuzosetshenziswa into yensimbi, lokhu ngeke kunganakwa. Okufanayo kusebenza ku-analogue ye-paronite.

Ezinye zezici zazo zombili izinketho ze-gasket yilezi:

Izinto:	Ngayiphi injini:	Ukucaciswa komkhiqizo:
Metal	I-Turbocharged noma iphoqelelwe	Inamandla akhethekile; Ububi - idinga ukufakwa okunembile ngokukhethekile. Ngisho noma ihamba kancane, ukutubeka kuqinisekiswa cishe ngokushesha ngemuva kokufakwa.
I-Paronite	Okujwayelekile akuphoqiwe futhi kuyisimo sezulu	Izinto eziguquguquka kalula uma ziqhathaniswa ne-analogue yensimbi, ngakho-ke inamathela ngokuqinile ezindaweni ezikuyo; Ububi - emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (ukushisa kwenjini noma ukusetshenziswa kwiyunithi ene-turbocharged) ikhubazeka ngokushesha.

Uma i-gasket yafakwa ngokungeyikho, khona-ke izokwaziwa ngokushesha - lapho nje injini iqala, izophela, noma amavolovolo abambelele kuphawu lwensimbi. Kwezinye izimo, i-ICE ngeke iqale nhlobo.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Ukuqonda kanjani ukuthi udinga ukushintsha i-cylinder head gasket? Amagesi okukhipha amandla aphuma ngaphansi kwekhanda le-cylinder, amahlumela phakathi kwamasilinda, i-exhaust ingena epholile, i-antifreeze ivela ku-cylinder noma emafutheni e-antifreeze, injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ishisa ngokushesha.

Kungenzeka yini ukushayela imoto nge-punctured cylinder head gasket? Uma amafutha exubene ne-coolant, ngakho-ke akufanele kube njalo. Uma i-coolant indiza ingena epayipini, emva kwalokho kuzodingeka ushintshe izindandatho, amakepisi, njll. ngenxa yokuguga nokukhala kwazo.

Yenzelweni i-cylinder head gasket? Ivimbela uwoyela ukuthi ungangeni ejazini lokupholisa kanye nokupholisa amaphaseji kawoyela. Iphinde ivale ukuxhumana phakathi kwekhanda le-cylinder kanye ne-block ukuze amagesi okukhipha igesi aqondiswe kwipayipi.