Gcoba i-VNIINP. Izici

Okufanayo Okujwayelekile

Umlando we-VNIINP uhlehlela emuva ku-1933. Imboni ethuthuka ngokushesha ye-USSR encane yayigxile kakhulu embonini ebalulekile njengokucwenga uwoyela. Ngakho-ke, ukuvela kwesikhungo esikhethekile esibhekene nezinkinga zocwaningo nokucwengwa kukawoyela sekuyisenzakalo esingokwemvelo.

Cishe iminyaka eyikhulu yomsebenzi, lesi sikhungo, esashintsha indawo yaso kanye negama izikhathi eziningana, sikwazile ukuthuthukisa ama-lubricant ahlukene angaphezu kwekhulu kanye noketshezi lwenhloso ekhethekile. Namuhla, ama-grease akhiqizwa ngokusho kwe-VNIINP zokupheka ayadingeka ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene.

Isici esibalulekile samafutha e-Oil Institute isifundo esijulile sezakhiwo nezici zemikhiqizo eyenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene. Ucwaningo lwesikhathi eside noluguquguqukayo lusebenza njengohlobo lwesiqiniseko sekhwalithi nezici zokusebenza eziphezulu zamafutha e-VNIINP.

Izithambisi ezivamile ezakhiwe yi-VNIINP

Kunenqwaba yentuthuko yamanje e-All-Russian Institute of Oil Refining, eyethulwa ekukhiqizeni namuhla. Cabangela kuphela imikhiqizo evame kakhulu.

1. I-VNIINP 207. Amafutha ansundu epulasitiki amelana nokushisa. Iqukethe uwoyela we-hydrocarbon wokwenziwa ngokufakwa kwe-organosilicon. Kunothiswe ngokujiya kanye nezithasiselo zokucindezela okukhulu. Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza lisukela ku--60°C kuya ku-+200°C. Ezindleleni ezilayishwe kancane ezinemithwalo emincane yokuxhumana, kunconywa ukusebenzisa amafutha emazingeni okushisa afinyelela ku-40°C. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukugcoba ama-bearings emishini kagesi. Nokho, ingasetshenziswa nakwamanye amayunithi okungqubuzana.
2. I-VNIINP 232. Igrisi yobuchwepheshe empunga emnyama. Isici esihlukile ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, kufika ku-+350 ° С. Isetshenziselwa ukugcoba kokuxhumeka okufakwe imicu kanye nangesikhathi somsebenzi wokufaka. Iphinde ibekwe kumayunithi e-friction asebenza ngesivinini esiphansi.

3. I-VNIINP 242. Amafutha amnyama ane-homogeneous. Ibanga lokushisa elisetshenziswayo: kusuka -60°C kuya +250°C. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukugcoba ama-bearings emishini kagesi yasolwandle. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza, emazingeni okushisa afinyelela ku-+80 ° C futhi ekujikelezeni kuya ku-3000 rpm, ayilahlekelwa izindawo zayo zokusebenza amahora ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10 zokusebenza.
4. I-VNIINP 279. Gcoba ngokukhula kokuqina kokushisa. Idalwe kusisekelo sekhabhoni ngokwengezwa kwejeli ye-silica kanye nephakheji yokungeza ecebile. Ibanga lokushisa elisebenzayo: -50°C kuya +150°C. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho usebenza ezindaweni ezinolaka, umkhawulo wokushisa ophezulu wehla ufike ku-+50 ° С. Isetshenziswa ku-friction kanye nama-bearings angenalutho, ukugcoba imicu nezinye izindlela ezihambayo ezisebenza ngemithwalo emincane yokuxhumana kanye namazinga aphezulu okugunda okuhlobene.

5. I-VNIINP 282. Amafutha ampunga alula. Izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo: -45°C kuya +150°C. Isetshenziswa emishinini yokuphefumula komoya-mpilo. Isetshenziselwa ukugcoba amalunga enjoloba anyakazayo. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele, ayithinti kabi umoya ompontshwa ngemishini.
6. I-VNIINP 403. Uwoyela wezimboni, osetshenziswa njengendawo yokusebenza emishinini yokusika insimbi neyezinkuni, nakweminye imishini yezimboni. Izinga lokushisa: -20°C. Amafutha anothiswa ngezithako ze-antifoam. Well ivikela izingxenye kanye namathuluzi ekugqokeni.

Amafutha athuthukiswe yi-VNIINP akhiqizwa izinkampani eziningana. Futhi kwezinye izimo, abakhiqizi bavumela ukuphambuka kusuka kumingcele eyisisekelo enikezwe yi-TU ne-GOSTs. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthenga, kunconywa ukuthi ufunde ngokucophelela izici eziboniswe emaphaketheni omkhiqizo othile.

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