I-Slovakia ibheka abazongena esikhundleni se-MiG-29
Kuze kube manje, okuwukuphela kwezindiza zokulwa ze-Air Force of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic - ishumi nambili i-MiG-29 fighters, okuyi-6-7 ilungele ukulwa ngokugcwele. Isithombe yi-MiG-29AS
ngemicibisholo ecitshwayo eqondiswa umoya i-R-73E emisiwe emine kanye namathangi asizayo amabili anomthamo wamalitha ayi-1150 lilinye.
Esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, Amasosha Ahlomile ERiphabhulikhi yaseSlovak kumele abhekane nenqubo yezinguquko eziyisisekelo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezikhali zawo ukuze akwazi ukuqhubeka nokufeza imisebenzi evela ebulungwini beNorth Atlantic Alliance. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-25 yokunganakwa, uMnyango Wezokuvikela ekugcineni uzobona ukwethulwa kwezimoto ezintsha zokulwa, izinhlelo zezikhali, ama-radar okulawula indawo yomoya anezinhlangothi ezintathu futhi, ekugcineni, izindiza zokulwa ezinezinhloso eziningi.
NgoJanuwari 1, 1993, ngosuku lokubunjwa kweRiphabhulikhi yaseSlovakia namabutho ayo ahlomile, kwakukhona izindiza ezingu-168 nezindiza ezinophephela emhlane ezingu-62 kubasebenzi be-Military Aviation and Air Defense. Indiza ihlanganisa izimoto zokulwa eziyi-114: 70 MiG-21 (13 MA, 36 SF, 8 R, 11 UM ne-2 US), 10 MiG-29 (9 9.12A kanye 9.51), 21 Su-22 (18 M4K kanye 3 UM3K ). ) kanye ne-13 Su-25s (12 K ne-UBC). Ngo-1993-1995, njengengxenye yesinxephezelo sengxenye yezikweletu zeSoviet Union, iRussian Federation yanikeza enye i-12 MiG-29 (9.12A) kanye ne-MiG-i-29UB emibili (9.51).
Isimo samanje sezindiza zokulwa zendiza yaseSlovak
Ngemuva kokuhlelwa kabusha nokwehliswa okwengeziwe ngo-2018, izilwi eziyi-12 ze-MiG-29 (i-10 MiG-29AS kanye ne-MiG-29UBS ezimbili) zisasebenza ne-Air Force of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic (SP SZ RS), ezinye izindiza ezintathu zisasele. inqolobane yobuchwepheshe yalolu hlobo (ezimbili i-MiG -29A ne-MiG-29UB). Kulezi zindiza, ezingu-6-7 kuphela ezihlale zilungele ukulwa ngokugcwele (futhi, ngakho-ke, zikwazi ukwenza izindiza zokulwa). Le mishini idinga abazolandela esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Nakuba kungekho neyodwa yazo eyeqa isikhathi somkhiqizi esifuniwe ngendiza ngesikhathi sokusebenza, iphakathi kweminyaka engama-2800 nengama-24 ubudala. Naphezu kokwelashwa "kokuvuselela" - izinguquko kusethi yezinhlelo zokuhamba nokuxhumana, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesikhala solwazi okwandisa ukunethezeka komshayeli - lezi zindiza azizange zibe nesimanjemanje okwandisa amandla azo okulwa: ukushintsha ama-avionics. uhlelo, ukuthuthukisa i-radar noma izikhali zesistimu. Eqinisweni, lezi zindiza zisahambisana nezinga lobuchwepheshe lama-29s, okusho ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukufeza imisebenzi yokulwa ngempumelelo endaweni yolwazi yesimanje. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindleko zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwemishini nokuyigcina isesimweni esilungele ukulwa ziye zanda kakhulu. UMnyango Wezokuvikela we-Slovak Republic usebenza i-MiG-i-80 ngesisekelo sesivumelwano sesevisi nenkampani yaseRussia i-RSK MiG (ngaphandle kwezicelo ezengeziwe, enguqulweni yokuqala, esebenza kusukela ngoDisemba 29, 3 kuya kuNovemba 2011, 3, ebiza 2016 88.884.000,00 29 2016 euro). Ngokwezilinganiso, izindleko zonyaka zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwezindiza ze-MiG-2017 eminyakeni engu-30-50. ifinyelele kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingama-33-2019 (ngokwesilinganiso, ama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-2022). Inkontileka eyisisekelo inwetshwe ngeminyaka emithathu yaya ku-XNUMX. Ukunwetshwa kwe-XNUMX okwamanje kucatshangelwa.
Sesha ozongena esikhundleni
Ngokushesha ngemva kokusungulwa kweRiphabhulikhi yaseSlovak, umyalo wezindiza zezempi wangaleso sikhathi waqala ukufuna abazongena esikhundleni sezindiza zokulwa eziphelelwe yisikhathi noma ezigugile. Isixazululo sesikhashana, esihlobene ngokuyinhloko nokuqashelwa kwe-MiG-21 njengendlela engathembisi neze, kwaba umyalo we-14 MiG-29s eRussia ukukhokha ingxenye yezikweletu ze-USSR mayelana nokuxazululwa kwezentengiselwano neCzechoslovakia, eyadlulela eSlovak Republic. . Izenzo ezengeziwe nazo zahlelwa, izimali ezazizovela emthonjeni ofanayo, ezihlobene nokutholwa komlandeli we-fighter-bomber kanye nendiza yokuhlasela ngendlela yendiza ye-subsonic ye-Yak-130 enezinjongo eziningi. Ekugcineni, akukho lutho olwavela kukho, njengezinhlelo eziningana ezifanayo ezavela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yeminyaka, kodwa empeleni azizange zidlulele ngalé kwesigaba socwaningo nesokuhlaziya. Enye yazo kwakuyiphrojekthi ye-SALMA yango-1999, eyayihilela ukuhoxiswa kwazo zonke izindiza zokulwa ezazisebenza ngaleso sikhathi (kuhlanganise ne-MiG-29) kanye nokushintshwa kwazo ngohlobo olulodwa lwezindiza zokulwa ezilula ezingaphansi (izimoto ezingama-48÷72). I-BAE Systems Hawk LIFT noma indiza ye-Aero L-159 ALCA yacatshangelwa.
Ukulungiselela ukungena kwe-Slovakia ku-NATO (okwenzeke ngoMashi 29, 2004), kwashintshwa kwagxilwa kwaba yizindiza ezinezinjongo eziningi eziphezulu ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-Alliance. Phakathi kwezinketho ezicatshangwayo kwaba ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo yendiza ye-MiG-29 ukuya ezingeni le-MiG-29AS / UBS, elihlanganisa ukuthuthukisa ukuxhumana namasistimu wokuzulazula, okuvumela ukuthenga isikhathi sezinye izenzo. Lokhu bekufanele kwenze ukuthi kube nokwenzeka ukunquma izidingo namakhono okuhlosiwe futhi kuqale inqubo yokukhetha indiza entsha yokulwa enendima eminingi ehlangabezana nezidingo ze-RS Yebutho Lezempi Lamasosha.
Kodwa-ke, izinyathelo zokuqala ezisemthethweni ezihlobene nokushintshwa kwemikhumbi yezindiza zokulwa zathathwa kuphela nguhulumeni kaNdunankulu uRobert Fico, ngesikhathi esifushane sokuphatha kombuso ngo-2010.
Ngemuva kokuthi iSocial Democrats (SMER) iphinde yawina ukhetho futhi uFico waba undunankulu, uMnyango Wezokuvikela, oholwa nguMartin Glvach, waqala inqubo yokukhetha indiza entsha enezinhloso eziningi ekupheleni kuka-2012. Njengamaphrojekthi amaningi kahulumeni alolu hlobo, intengo yayibucayi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kwakhethwa indiza enenjini eyodwa ukuze kwehliswe izindleko zokuthenga nokusebenza zisuka nje.
Ngemva kokuhlaziya izinketho ezikhona, uhulumeni wase-Slovak waqala ngoJanuwari 2015 izingxoxo neziphathimandla zase-Swedish kanye ne-Saab zokuqashisa izindiza ze-JAS 39 Gripen. Ekuqaleni, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi iphrojekthi izothinta izindiza ezingu-7-8, ezizohlinzeka isikhathi sonyaka sokundiza samahora angu-1200 (150 ngendiza ngayinye). Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kochwepheshe, inani lezindiza noma ukuhlasela okuhleliwe ngeke kwanele ukufeza lonke uhla lwemisebenzi eyabelwe indiza yezempi yaseSlovak. Ngo-2016, uNgqongqoshe uGlvač ukuqinisekisile ukuthi, ngemva kwezingxoxo ezinde nezinzima, uthole isiphakamiso esivela kwabaseSweden esihlangabezana nezidingo zaseSlovakia.
Kodwa-ke, kanye noshintsho ekulinganiseni kwamandla ezombusazwe kuhulumeni ngemuva kokhetho lwango-2016, imibono mayelana nokubuyiswa kwezikhali zokulwa kwezindiza nayo yahlolwa. Ungqongqoshe omusha wezokuvikela, u-Peter Gaidos (Iqembu Lesizwe LaseSlovak), ezinyangeni ezintathu nje ngemva kwesitatimende sikamanduleli wakhe, wathi ubheka imibandela yokuqashisa nge-Gripen okuxoxiswene ngayo nabaseSweden njengemibi. Empeleni, wonke amaphuzu esivumelwano ayengamukeleki: izimiso zomthetho, izindleko, kanye nenguqulo nobudala bendiza. Uhlangothi lwaseSlovakia lwabeka izindleko zalo zonyaka eziphezulu zale phrojekthi kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingu-36, kuyilapho abaseSweden befuna cishe amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-55. Kwakungekho nesivumelwano esicacile sokuthi ubani ozobhekana nemiphumela engokomthetho uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo sendiza. Akubangakho futhi ukuvumelana ngemibandela enemininingwane yokuqashisa kanye nesikhathi sokuvuthwa senkontileka.
Ngokusho kwemibhalo emisha yokuhlela amasu, uhlelo lwesimanje lwe-Polish Armed Forces lwe-2018-2030 lubeka isabelomali sokwethulwa kwama-multi-role fighters amasha angu-14 ngenani lama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-1104,77 1,32 (cishe ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-78,6), i.e. 2017 million ikhophi ngayinye. Uhlelo lokuqasha noma lokuqashisa imishini layekwa lavuna ukuthengwa, futhi ngalo moya kwaqala olunye umjikelezo wezingxoxo nabangase babe abahlinzeki bempahla. Izinqumo ezifanele zazizokwenziwa ngoSepthemba 2019, futhi ukufika kwendiza yokuqala eSlovakia kwakuzokwenzeka ngo-29. Ngawo lowo nyaka, ukusebenza kwemishini ye-MiG-25 kuzoqedwa ekugcineni. Kwakungenakwenzeka ukuhlangabezana nalolu hlelo futhi ngoSepthemba 2017, 2018, uNgqongqoshe uGaidosh wacela uNdunankulu ukuthi ahlehlise isinqumo sokukhethwa komphakeli wezimoto ezintsha zokulwa kuze kube sekupheleni kwengxenye yokuqala yonyaka we-XNUMX.
