I-AUSA Global Force 2018 - mayelana nekusasa le-US Army

Mhlawumbe lizobukeka kanje ithange elisekelwe ku-NGCV, owalandela i-Abrams.

I-AUSA Global Force Symposium ibibanjelwe eVon Braun Center eHuntsville, Alabama, ngoMashi 26-28. Umgomo womhleli walo mcimbi waminyaka yonke ukwethula isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwe-US Army nemiqondo ehlobene. Kulo nyaka izihloko eziphambili bekuyizimoto zokulwa ezingenamuntu kanye nezibhamu.

Yasungulwa ngo-1950, i-AUSA (Inhlangano Yezempi Yase-United States) iyinhlangano engekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni ezinikele ekunikezeni ukwesekwa okuhlukahlukene eButhweni Lezempi Lase-U.S., eqondise amasosha nezisebenzi ezivamile, kanye nabakhi bezinqubomgomo namalungu emboni yezokuvikela. Imisebenzi esemthethweni ihlanganisa: imisebenzi yezemfundo (incazelo kanye nohlobo lwempi yesimanje yaphansi esimweni semishini ye-US Army), ulwazi (ukusabalalisa ulwazi mayelana neButho Lase-US) kanye nokuxhumana (phakathi kwe-US Army kanye nawo wonke umphakathi. ). kanye nezwe laseMelika). Izikhungo ezingu-121, nazo ezingaphandle kwe-United States, zinikela ngezigidi ezingu-5 zamaRandi minyaka yonke ukuze kuklonyeliswe imiklomelo, imifundaze kanye nokwesekwa kwamasosha nemindeni yawo. Amanani akhuthazwa yinhlangano yilawa: ukuqamba izinto ezintsha, ubungcweti, ubuqotho, ukusabela, ukuzibophezela ekwenzeni okuhle, nokuxhumana phakathi kweButho Lezempi Lase-U.S. kanye nawo wonke umphakathi waseMelika. I-AUSA Global Force iyithuba elilodwa lokusabalalisa ulwazi olunjalo, okuhlanganisa mayelana neButho Lase-U.S., ngokugcizelela ngokukhethekile izindawo zentuthuko ekuphenduleni izinselele ezinikezwe amasosha ayo. Indawo ayenzeki nje ngengozi - eduze kwaseHuntsville kunamagatsha angama-909 ezinkampani ezahlukahlukene ezibandakanyeka ezinhlelweni zokuvikela ezibiza amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-5,6. Indikimba yephrojekthi yalonyaka ibisithi "Modernizing and Equipping America's Military Today and Tomorrow."

I-Big Six (kanye neyodwa)

Ikusasa Lebutho LaseMelika liboshwe ngokuqinile kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-Big Six Plus One (ngokwezwi nezwi iBig 6 + 1). Lokhu kuyinkomba ecacile ye-American "Big 5" yama-70s kanye nama-80s, okuhlanganisa: ithangi elisha (M1 Abrams), imoto entsha yokulwa yamasosha (M2 Bradley), indiza enophephela emhlane enezinjongo eziningi (UH-60 Black Hawk), indiza enophephela emhlane entsha yokuhlasela (AH-64 Apache) kanye nesistimu yemicibisholo ye-Patriot anti-aircraft. Namuhla i-Big Six iqukethe: umndeni wezindiza ezinophephela emhlane ezintsha (Future Vertical Lift), izimoto ezintsha zokulwa (ikakhulukazi i-AMPV, NGCV/FT kanye nezinhlelo ze-MPF), ukuzivikela emoyeni, ukulawulwa kwenkundla yempi (ikakhulukazi phakathi nemishini yangaphandle, kuhlanganise nokusebenza kwe-electronic kanye nokulwa. ku-cyberspace) futhi izimele futhi ilawulwa ukude. Bonke kumele babambisane ngaphakathi kohlaka lwalokho okuthiwa. Impi yesizinda esiningi, okungukuthi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuqondisa ahlangene ukuze kuzuzwe inzuzo yesikhashana ezindaweni eziningana ukuze kubanjwe, kugcinwe futhi kusetshenziswe isinyathelo. Uphi Lowo okukhulunywa ngaye kukho konke lokhu? Naphezu kwentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuxhumana, izicishamlilo, izikhali kanye nokuhamba, umgogodla we-Army uhlala uyisosha: amakhono akhe, izinto zokusebenza kanye nokuziphatha. Lezi yizindawo ezinkulu ezithakaselayo abahleli base-U.S. futhi ezihlotshaniswa nazo ziyizinhlelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zesimanje ze-U.S. Army esikhathini esifushane nesikhathi eside kakhulu. Naphezu kwencazelo yemephu yomgwaqo ye-US Army eminyakeni embalwa edlule (isibonelo, i-2014 Combat Vehicle Modernization Strategy), ukwakhiwa komgwaqo ngokwawo akukakaqedwa, njengoba kuzoxoxwa ngakho ngezansi.

Ukuze uphathe ngempumelelo amaphrojekthi e-Big Six, ngo-Okthoba 3, 2017, umyalo omusha onegama elishoyo kakhulu wadalwa ku-US Army - Future Command. Ihlukaniswe yaba amaqembu asebenzayo ayisithupha e-CFT (Cross Functional Team). Ngamunye wabo, ngaphansi komyalo wesikhulu esinezinga lika-brigadier general (onolwazi lokulwa), uhlanganisa ochwepheshe emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Ukubunjwa kweqembu kwakumele kuqedwe izinsuku eziyi-120 kusukela mhla ziyisi-9 kuMfumfu wezi-2017. Nge-CFT, inqubo ye-U.S. Army yesimanje kufanele isheshe, ishibhile, futhi ivumelane nezimo. Njengamanje, indima ye-CFT ilinganiselwe futhi ilinganiselwe ekuhlanganiseni “uhlu lwezifiso” olubalulekile endaweni ngayinye eyinhloko yokwenziwa kwesimanje kweButho Lezempi Lase-US. Kuyavunywa futhi, kanye nezinhlangano zendabuko ezifana ne-TRADOC (U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command) noma i-ATEC (U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command), enesibopho sokuhlola izikhali. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukubaluleka kwabo kungase kwande, okuncike kakhulu emiphumeleni yomsebenzi wabo.

Izimoto zokulwa ezingenamuntu - ikusasa namuhla noma ngakusasa?

I-NGCV (ongase abe umlandeli wemoto yokulwa yezingane i-M2, ethatha isikhundla sezinhlelo ze-GCV ne-FFV, ngokulandelana) kanye nohlelo olusondelene oluhlobene “nophiko olungenamuntu” luyisihluthulelo sokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto zokulwa ze-US Army. Ngesikhathi sephaneli ngezihloko okuxoxwe ngazo lapha ngesikhathi se-AUSA Global Force 2018, u-Gen. Brig. UDavid Lesperance, obhekele ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkundla zokulwa ezintsha zeButho Lezempi Lase-US (umholi we-CFT NGCV). Ngokusho kwakhe, kumenyezelwe kusukela ngo-2014. «Беспилотный ведомый» робот-ведомый) будет готов к военной оценке в 2019 году параллельно с новой боевой машиной пехоты. Khona-ke ama-prototypes okuqala (ngokunembile, ababonisi bezobuchwepheshe) be-NGCV 1.0 kanye “nophiko olungenamuntu” luzolethwa ukuze luhlolwe ngaphansi kwe-ATEC. Ukuhlolwa kuhlelwe ukuthi kuqale ngekota yokuqala yonyaka wezimali ka-2020 (Okthoba-Disemba 2019) futhi kuqedwe ezinyangeni eziyisi-6-9. Umgomo wabo obaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola izinga elikhona njengamanje "lobungozi" bezimoto. Inkontileka ka-$700 wezigidi kufanele ibangele imiqondo eminingana, eminye yayo ezokhonjwa ngofuzo. UMark Milley, iNhloko Yezabasebenzi Yezempi Yase-US, ukuze kuthuthukiswe okwengeziwe. Izinkampani zisebenza kulo msebenzi njengengxenye yethimba eliholwa yiScience Applications International Corp. (позади Lockheed Martin, Moog, GS Engineering, Hodges Transportation kanye neRoush Industries). Okutholwe ekuhlolweni kwe-prototypes yokuqala kuzosetshenziselwa ukulungisa kabusha nokwakha okulandelayo njengengxenye yesabelomali sonyaka wentela ka-2022 no-2024. Isigaba sesibili sizoqhubeka eminyakeni yezimali ka-2021-2022, namathimba amahlanu alungiselela imiqondo emithathu ngalinye: elilodwa lisekelwe kokufakwayo komsebenzisi, elinye lilungiswe kusetshenziswa izisombululo zobuchwepheshe ezivela ngesikhathi esisodwa, kanti elinye elinokuvumelana nezimo okuthile okucatshangwa ofake isicelo. Imiqondo izobe isikhethwa bese kwakhiwa ama-prototypes. Kulokhu, isibopho sombangi kuzoba ukuhlinzeka ngezimoto ezimbili eziphethwe abantu kanye nezine ezingenamuntu ezisebenza ndawonye njengengxenye yeqembu le-Centaur (noma, ngokusankondlo, ithimba elingenamuntu), inhlanganisela yomuntu nomshini (hhayi ihhashi kulokhu) . Ukuhlolwa kuzoqala ngekota yesithathu ka-2021. futhi izohlala kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-2022. Isigaba sesithathu sihlelelwe iminyaka yezimali ka-2023-2024. Kulokhu izivivinyo zizokwenziwa ezingeni lenkampani ngezimoto eziyisikhombisa (NGCV 2.0) nezingu-14 ezingenamuntu. Lezi kuzoba izinkundla zempi ezinonya futhi ezingokoqobo ochungechungeni lwezinselelo ezizoqala ngekota yokuqala ka-2023. Isakhiwo "esigelezayo" senqubo sithakazelisa kakhulu: uma inkampani enikeziwe iqedwa ekuqaleni, isengafaka isicelo sokubamba iqhaza esigabeni esilandelayo. Elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo liwukuthi uma i-US Army ithola izimoto ezihlolwe kuSigaba I (noma Isigaba II) zifanelekile, khona-ke ngemva kokuphothulwa kwayo, izinkontileka zingalindelwa ukuthi ziqedele isigaba se-R & D futhi, ngakho-ke, ama-oda. Irobhothi le-Wingman lizokwakhiwa ngezigaba ezimbili: esokuqala ngo-2035. njengemoto ezimele futhi eyesibili, ngo-2035-2045, njengemoto ezimele ngokugcwele. Следует помнить, что программа «беспилотных крылатых» обременена высоким риском, что подчеркивают многие специалисты (например, к проблемам с искусственным интеллектом или дистанционным управлением под воздействием средств РЭБ). Ngakho-ke, i-US Army ayibophekile ukuba ithenge, futhi isigaba se-R&D singanwetshwa noma sivalwe. Lokhu kuhluke kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, nohlelo lwe-Future Combat Systems, olwaphela ngo-2009 ngemva kokusebenzisa imali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-18 ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ngemoto eyodwa yokusebenza emasosheni ase-US. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ijubane elihlongozwayo lomsebenzi nendlela eguquguqukayo yohlelo ihluke ngokusobala ku-FCS, eyakhanselwa ngenxa yezinkinga ezilokhu zikhula njalo (kodwa nokuqagela okungenangqondo). Ngesikhathi esifanayo nokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto, indima yazo enkundleni yempi izocaciswa: isikhathi sizosho ukuthi amarobhothi alandelwayo azoba yizimoto ezisizayo noma ezokwazisa noma zokulwa. Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi umsebenzi wezimoto zezempi ezizimele ubulokhu uqhubeka e-United States isikhathi eside.