Kungani amabhuleki ekhala futhi ekhwela umlozi

Ngezikhathi ezithile, wonke umshayeli wemoto uzwa impempe nokugiya amabhuleki emoto yakhe. Kwezinye izimo, umsindo uyanyamalala ngemuva kokucindezelwa okufushane okusalungiswa. Kwabanye, inkinga ayipheli. Umsindo wamabhuleki ongaphandle awunakwa, njengoba ukuphepha emgwaqeni kuncike kuwo.

Cabanga ngezizathu zamabhuleki, nokuthi yini engenziwa esimweni ngasinye.

Amabhuleki ancwina: izizathu eziyinhloko

Ngaphambi kokungena ngezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani ukucindezela i-pedal brake kuveza umsindo owengeziwe, ake sikhumbule kafushane amabhuleki. Esondweni ngalinye, uhlelo lunendlela yokushayela ebizwa nge-caliper. Ibamba idiski yensimbi exhunywe kwihabhu lamasondo. Lokhu ukuguqulwa kwediski. Ku-analog yesigubhu, i-brake cylinder ivula ama-pads, futhi ahlasela izindonga zesigubhu.

Izimoto eziningi zesimanje neziphakathi zifakwe ama-disc brake esiyingini, ngakho-ke sizogxila kulolu hlobo lwama-actuator. Idizayini ye-brake caliper ichazwe ngokuningiliziwe ku- ukubuyekeza okuhlukile... Kodwa ngamafuphi, ngesikhathi sokubopha ibhuleki, amapayipi e-caliper ayayinamathelisa i-disc ejikelezayo, eyehlisa isondo phansi.

Njengoba okokusebenza okusetshenziselwa ukwenza ulwelwesi lwengxabano kugugile ngenxa yokushayisana, into yokuqala okufanele uyinake ukuthi yimaphi amaphakethe akuso, kanye nediski uqobo (lunomsebenzi ongakanani). Iphedi kufanele ibe wugqinsi futhi iqine uma uyiqhathanisa nediski, ingaphezulu layo okungafanele libe nemikrwelo ejulile namarimu okugqoka aphezulu.

Lapho nje umshayeli eqala ukuzwa umsindo ohlala njalo noma wesikhashana ophuma emabhulekini, udinga ukuvakashela isikhungo sesevisi. Lapho, abathakathi bazokwenza ukuxilongwa, futhi bakutshele ukuthi yini inkinga, baphinde basize ekuyixazululeni.

Ukungasebenzi ngendlela efanayo kungabonakala ngisho nasemishinini emisha. Kwezinye izimo, umsindo ongathandeki awuhambisani nokuwohloka kwamabhuleki. Kwabanye, okuphambene kuyiqiniso. Uma imoto isivele ihambile amashumi ezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha, futhi impempe noma ukukhala kwaqala ukuvela, lokhu kungakhombisa ukugqokwa kwemvelo kwento engqubuzanayo.

Kodwa-ke, kunesimo lapho ingxenye yomshini iphuka, ngenxa yokuthi kungavela yini ukungasebenzi okungajwayelekile. Nalu uhlu oluncane lwezizathu zamabhuleki anciphayo:

1. Ikhwalithi esezingeni eliphansi;
2. Ukungcola kumshini;
3. Kwesinye isikhathi amabhuleki aqala ukuqubuka lapho kuqala isithwathwa (lokhu kungaxhomeka kulokho okubhalwe ebusweni);
4. Ukuguqulwa okuningi kwezicathulo kufakwe ipuleti lensimbi. Lapho iphedi ligugile laya ezingeni elithile, liqala ukuthinta i-disc bese likhipha isigaxa sesici. Lesi yisignali yokushintsha ingxenye. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kungenzeka ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezintsha ezinenkomba yokugqoka. Isizathu ukuthi ipuleti kungenzeka lingahambelani kahle necala, yingakho livame ukuxhumana nobuso bediski. Uma ingxenye enesici ingashintshwa, ingadala ukugqoka okujulile endaweni yokuxhumana yediski.

Ukudlidliza kwemvelo

Lapho amabhuleki enziwa asebenza, amaphedi aqala ukuthinta ingaphezulu lediski bese enyakaza. Umsindo uzwakala nasentendeni yesondo, okungadala ukuthi umshayeli esabe ukuthi kunokonakala emshinini. Ngokuya ngemodeli yemoto, lokhu kuzwakala kungenzeka kungazwakali.

Abanye abakhiqizi, ngenkathi benza amapayipi amabhuleki asezingeni eliphakeme, bengeza amalayili akhethekile kusendlalelo sokungqubuzana esinciphisa ukudlidliza okuvelayo. Imininingwane eminingi mayelana nokuguqulwa okuhlukile kwamaphakethe ichaziwe lapha.

Kwesinye isikhathi abanikazi bezimoto benza ukuthuthuka okuncane ngamabhuleki. Benza ukusika okukodwa noma okubili okuncane kwesendlalelo sokungqubuzana kubhulokhi (ububanzi obungu-2-4 mm.). Lokhu kunciphisa kancane indawo yokuxhumana ne-disc, kunciphisa ukudlidliza kwemvelo. Lesi simo akusona isibonakaliso sokonakala, ngenxa yokuthi kudingeka isikhalazo sesevisi yemoto.

Esinye isizathu sokuvela kwemisindo enjalo sihlotshaniswa nokungathembeki kwabasebenzi besiteshi sesevisi abasanda kufaka ama-pads. Ukuvimbela i-caliper ekunyakazeni ngenxa yokudlidlizela okunjalo ngesikhathi sokubamba amabhuleki, kubekwa ipuleti lokulwa ne-squeak ohlangothini lokuxhumana lwepiston nephedi. Abanye omakhenikha abangenanembeza abayifaki ngamabomu le ngxenye, okwenza uhambo lungabi mnandi.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukungabikho kwengxenye ye-anti-squeak kuzodala ukudlidlizela kwesici nokukhala. Umshayeli ongenalwazi ufinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi kukhona okwenzekile emabhulekini, futhi umsebenzi wokulungisa udinga ukwenziwa futhi.

Umphumela ofanayo uvela lapho leli puleti ligijimela noma libhidlika ngokuphelele. Lapho uthenga isethi entsha yamapayipi, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi le ngxenye isesitokweni. Ezinye izinkampani zithengisa lezi zingxenye ngokwehlukana.

Amapayipi amasha

Ukuncinza unomphela kungenzeka ngemuva kokushintshwa kwamapayipi. Kubuye kube nomphumela wemvelo. Isizathu salokhu ungqimba olukhethekile lokuvikela ebusweni bamaphayiphu amasha. Umsindo uzozwakala kuze kube yilapho ungqimba luphela ngokuphelele.

Ngalesi sizathu, omakhenikha batusa, ngemuva kokufaka izinto ezintsha, "uzishise" ngomthwalo obukhali wamabhuleki. Inqubo kufanele yenziwe endaweni ephephile yomgwaqo noma endaweni ebiyelwe. Kwezinye izimo, ukuze kusulwe ungqimba oluvikelayo, kuzodingeka ukushayela nge-braking ngezikhathi ezithile cishe amakhilomitha angama-50.

Ukungahambelani kwepedi nezinto zediski

Lapho wenza ama-pads nama-disc, umenzi angasebenzisa isilinganiso sakhe sezinto ezakha lezi zingxenye. Ngalesi sizathu, i-elementi ingahle ihambisane nengxenye efakwe emotweni, engadala ukugqokwa okusheshayo noma ukukhala njalo kwamabhuleki.

Kwesinye isikhathi ukungahambelani okunjalo kwezinto kuthinta kakhulu ukubhuleka kwemoto, yingakho ingxenye eseceleni kumele ishintshwe nge-analogue efanelekile.

Esinye isizathu amabhuleki angenza umsindo ohlukile ukuguquguquka kobuso bokungqubuzana. Lokhu kwenzeka uma ibhulokhi ifudunyezwa bese selehlile ngokucijile. Izinga lokushisa lengxenye lingehla ngokushesha lapho lingahambi edamini ngemuva kohambo olude olunama-braking amaningi.

Futhi, umphumela ofanayo ungabangelwa ukuwashwa kwezimoto ngosuku olushisayo lwasehlobo. Amanzi alezi zinhloso awafudunyezwa, ngakho-ke, kwakheka ukupholisa okucijile, ngenxa yokuthi impahla yengxenye ingashintsha, futhi izolahlekelwa ukusebenza kwayo. Ukubuyisela kuphela amaphedi, futhi kwezinye izimo ezingavamile kakhulu, i-disc, kuzosiza ukuxazulula le nkinga.

Ngenxa yokukhubazeka, azilingani kahle ne-disc, okuzokwenza ukuthi indawo yazo iguge ngokushesha okukhulu kunalokho obekuhloswe ngumenzi. Vele, imoto enamabhuleki anjalo ingasebenza, ungqimba nje lokungqubuzana kolunye uhlangothi luzoguga ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma umshayeli enezinzwa zensimbi, i-creak esimweni esinjalo ngeke imkhathaze, okungenakushiwo ngabanye.

Idiski eshisa ngokweqile

I-disc brake ingahlupheka hhayi kuphela ngokushiswa kwamaphakethe, kepha futhi nakwi-disc uqobo. Kwesinye isikhathi ukushisa okwedlulele nenqubo yemishini engaguquguquki ingashintsha i-geometry yale ngxenye. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuthintwa njalo izakhi zohlelo lwamabhuleki komunye nomunye, yingakho, lapho ecindezelwa, amasondo ezoqala ukuqumba.

Inkinga enjalo ingatholwa ngokuxilongwa kwisevisi yemoto. Ukulungiswa kwediski akukwazi ukuhlehliswa, ngoba ukusebenza kahle kohlelo lonke kuncike kwi-geometry yayo.

Isikhathi sokugcoba umshini

Esinye sezimbangela ezivamile zokuncipha kwamabhuleki ukungabikho kokuthambisa ezingxenyeni ezihambayo zecaliper. Ukuthambisa ingxenye ngayinye kungahluka. Sincoma ukuthi uzijwayeze ubunzima bezinqubo, ezichazwe ku ukubuyekeza okuhlukile.

Ukwehluleka ukugcoba imishini ngezinto ezifanele kungahle kungathinti ukusebenza kwe-deceleration. Kodwa-ke, kwenzeka ukuthi idrayivu yemishini ingavinjelwa ngenxa yenani elikhulu lokugqwala. Umhlangano osugugile uzodinga ukushintshwa, futhi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ezisetshenziswayo, kubiza kakhulu.

Kulula ukugcobisa iyunithi esebenzayo kunokulindela ukuthi iphule bese wabela imali eyengeziwe ukuyishintsha. Ngalesi sizathu, umshayeli kufanele aqaphele ngesimo sabashayeli bemoto yakhe.

Ukugaya amabhuleki: izizathu eziyinhloko

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokugaya, inqobo nje uma amabhuleki esebenza kahle, ukugqoka ulwelwesi kusendlalelo sesiginali. Ukukhiqizwa kokuguqulwa okunjalo manje kuyathandwa ezimotweni zesabelomali. Abakhiqizi basebenzisa ukuhlanganiswa okukhethekile, okuthi lapho kuthintwa ne-disc, kuqale ukukhipha ukugaya okungapheli. Uma lo msindo unganakwa, iphedi ingagcina ifinyelele ensimbini, engalimaza ngokushesha i-disc brake disc.

Nakhu okungakha umsindo wokugaya amabhuleki:

• Isikhathi sokushintsha idiski noma okudlekayo;
• Ukumanzi kwesendlalelo soxhumana naye noma ukuthola phakathi kwezinto zezinto zangaphandle;
• Wedge of mshini izakhi;
• Izindwangu zokuphambana kwekhwalithi ephansi;
• Isihlangu sothuli sikhubazekile.

Ngayinye yalezi zinto ingakunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kokusebenza kwama-actuator. Izakhi ezilimele kuzofanele zishintshwe, okubiza kakhulu kunenqubo yokulungisa eyisisekelo ongayenza wena.

Ama-pads noma ama-disc agugile

Ngakho-ke, isici esivame kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi ukugaya kwakhiwa kungukuphazanyiswa okungazelelwe noma okungokwemvelo kobuso bephedi. Isibonisi sokugqoka ungqimba lwezinhlayiya zensimbi engxenyeni yokungqubuzana kwephedi. Lapho ingaphezulu ligugile kule ungqimba, ukuxhumana kwensimbi kuphumela kumsindo wokugaya oyisici.

Lo msindo awunakunakwa, noma ngabe imoto ayikalahlekelwa ukubopha kwayo. Lapho kuhanjwe ikhilomitha ngalinye, iphedi liyakhula ngokwengeziwe, okuzophazamisa isimo sediski. Lokhu okudlekayo kufanele kushintshwe ngokushesha okukhulu.

Izinto eziyinhloko lapho kwenziwa khona ama-disc for brakes car is iron cast. Yize iqine kakhulu kunendawo yokuxhumana yamapayipi, le nsimbi ayikubekezeleli ukushisa okuphezulu. Ukuthintana ngokoqobo kwesendlalelo sesiginali ne-disc evuthayo kusheshisa ukugqokwa kwesibili, futhi ukubuyiselwa kwayo kuyinkqubo ebiza kakhulu.

Amanzi, ukungcola noma itshe sekungene ohlelweni

Isistimu yesimanje yama-disc brake inenzuzo eyodwa ngaphezu kwamabhuleki esigubhu. Izindlela ezikuwo zinomoya ongcono, ohlinzeka ukupholisa okuthe xaxa. Nokho, inzuzo efanayo - kuyinto ethile yayo esemqoka. Ukushayela endaweni enothuli nodaka kungaholela ezintweni zangaphandle (amatshe amancane noma amagatsha), uthuli noma ukungcola okuwela ezingxenyeni ezingavikelekile.

Lapho umshayeli efaka amabhuleki, i-esrasive iqala ukuklwebheka kuma-disc, kwakheke umsindo oyisici. Kulokhu, udinga ukubheka ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka lapho inkinga ivele khona, futhi uhlanze izindawo zokuxhumana.

Amanzi abanjwe kulo mshini anomthelela ofanayo. Yize inezinto ezihlukile zomzimba futhi ingakwazi ukuklwebha insimbi, uma amabhuleki eshisa futhi amanzi abandayo angena emabhulekini, ingaphezulu lensimbi lingakhubazeka kancane. Ngenxa yalokhu kungasebenzi kahle, ukugaya kungenzeka noma ngabe imoto ithatha ijubane.

Uma umshayeli wemoto ethanda ukushayela ngaphandle komgwaqo, ukugqwala kungakha ezindaweni zensimbi (ama-disc noma izindlela), nazo ezakha umsindo ofanayo futhi zilimaze kancane ingxenye. Ukugwema ukuwohloka nokusheshisa izingxenye ezithile, umshayeli kufanele agweme ukufaka amasondo odakeni phakathi nohambo olude noma lapho kushisa khona. Ukusiza okujwayelekile kokusebenza ngezinto ezifanele nakho kuzosiza.

Kuboshwe uCaliper noma isilinda

Uma umshayeli engazinaki lezi zimpawu ezingenhla futhi engathathi isondlo esijwayelekile, i-caliper actuator ingagcina isiminyene. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi isikhundla sizobonwa kuphi, sihlala sigcwele.

Uma kwenzeka kunesigaxa esinohlelo olungasebenzi, imoto ngeke ikwazi ukuma ngesikhathi phambi kwesithiyo. Lapho ukukhiya kwenzeka ngokucindezela i-pedal, kungaqubula ukubopha amabhuleki okuphuthumayo, okudala isimo esiphuthumayo.

Ukugwema izinkinga ezinjalo, lapho kunesibonakaliso esincane soshintsho ekusebenzeni kwamabhuleki, umshayeli kufanele axhumane ngokushesha nesiteshi sesevisi ukuhlola uhlelo. Ngemininingwane engaphezulu yokuxilonga nokuxazulula inkinga amabhuleki ezimoto, funda lapha.

Amapayipi ekhwalithi ampofu

Lapho uthenga izinto ezishibhile, kudingeka ulungele ukuthi lapho kuthuthukiswa isendlalelo sesisekelo, ingxenye yesiginali yale ngxenye ingaklwebha kakhulu ama-disc ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kokungcola okungahambi kahle.

Ngaphezu komsindo wokugaya ohlale ucasula, le nkinga inciphisa impilo yokusebenza yengxenye. Ukuvimbela lokhu, ama-pads adinga ukushintshwa ngokushesha lapho umsindo wesici uvela. Kungcono ukuthenga imikhiqizo yekhwalithi. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezimotweni azibizi kangako ukuthi, ngenxa yekhwalithi yazo engeyinhle, balahla ingxenye enkulu engahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Ijometri yesihlangu sothuli sephukile

Ukusonteka kwalesi sici nakho kubangelwa ukushisa ngokweqile, njenge-disc brake. Futhi, inkinga efanayo iba lapho imoto inqoba indawo engajwayelekile futhi into enzima ishaya esikrinini.

Kwesinye isikhathi isivikelo sothuli sishintsha ukuma ngenxa yokulungiswa okungafundile. Ngalesi sizathu, uma kungekho okuhlangenwe nakho kokulungiswa noma ukunakekelwa kohlelo lwamabhuleki, kungcono ukuyisa imoto kuchwepheshe.

Ukuguqulwa kwesigubhu kudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Yize izinto zangaphandle nokungcola okuvela ngaphandle kungangeni kuqala ekwakhiweni kwazo, amaphedi akuzo nawo ayaguga. Ukuxilongwa kohlelo olunjalo kuyinkimbinkimbi yokuthi kudinga ukuqaqa isondo, futhi isigubhu kufanele sihlukaniswe ngokwengxenye (okungenani ukuhlola ubukhulu besendlalelo sokungqubuzana).

Izinhlayiya eziluhlaza (ulwelwesi oluqhekekile ngesikhathi kubhuleka) zingavela esigubhini. Zithinta isimo samabhuleki. Ngalesi sizathu, isabelomali izimoto zesimanje zifakwe amabhuleki esigubhu ku-ekseli engemuva kuphela (lokhu kusebenza ezimotweni).

isiphetho

Ngakho-ke, ukukhwabanisa, ukungqongqoza, ukuxubha neminye imisindo engeyona engokwemvelo yohlelo lwamabhuleki yisizathu sokuhlolwa ngokucophelela kwesimo sezinto eziyinhloko zezinqubo. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuthola imbangela ngokuzimela, ungathembi ukuthi ukonakala kuzoqedwa kukodwa. Kulokhu, kufanele nakanjani uxhumane nensizakalo yemoto. Ukugcinwa nokulungiswa kwemoto ngesikhathi esifanele kungumnikelo ekuphepheni kwabo bobabili umshayeli kanye nawo wonke umuntu ahamba naye emotweni.

Ekuphetheni, sinikeza ividiyo emfushane yokuthi ungabuye uqede kanjani umsindo ongaphandle kwamabhuleki:

Indlela elula futhi eshibhile ukuqeda pads squeak.