Indlela yokwelula impilo yemoto? 20 amathiphu awusizo

Izinsuku zokuthenga imoto entsha nokuyishayela iminyaka engamashumi amabili noma ishumi sezihambile. Namuhla, umshayeli ovamile ushintsha imoto yakhe njalo ngemva kweminyaka embalwa futhi akahlali enquma ukuthola ukunikezwa ngokuqondile kusuka endaweni ethengisa izimoto. Iningi likhetha izimoto ezisetshenzisiwe esezidlule ubusha babo bokuqala. Ngisho nemoto enakekelwa kahle izodinga ukulungiswa okukhulu noma okuncane ngemva kweminyaka eminingana yokusebenza. Kwesinye isikhathi isimo semoto sigcina sibi kakhulu kuze kudingeke ukuthi idayiswe kungabi ndaba zalutho noma ilahlwe. Kungavinjelwa kanjani lokhu?

Uzofundani kulokhu okuthunyelwe?

• Kukangaki udinga ukushintsha uwoyela nolunye uketshezi?
• Indlela yokuvikela izingxenye zemoto ngayinye ekugqwaleni?
• Ungayishayela kanjani imoto ukuze ungavezi imoto ekungasebenzi kahle?
• Yimiphi imisindo emotweni okufanele ikukhathaze?

TL, д-

Sonke sifuna imoto yethu isikhonze isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwe-workshop akwanele ukugcina imoto yakho isesimweni esihle. Ukunakekela kahle isimo sakho nokunamathela kokuningi imikhuba emihleokuhlotshaniswa nakho kokubili ukushayela nokunakekela i-ATV kunganweba kakhulu impilo yayo yesevisi. Khumbula ukuthi ezinye izinto, ngisho nalezo ezibonakala zisebenza, zidinga ukuba endaweni. ishintshwa njalo ngemva kweminyaka embalwa... Udinga futhi ukunaka imisindo ephazamisayo iphuma ngaphansi kwehood. Kubalulekile futhi ukushayela ngokuphepha ngokucophelela okukhulu. Nawa amanye amathiphu awusizo ongawalandela uma ufuna ukushayela imoto oyikhonzile isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.

1. Shisisa amafutha.

Ekuqaleni kohambo amafutha kuthatha isikhathi ukufudumala izinga lokushisa elilungile ehlinzekwa ngumkhiqizi wemoto. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho i-viscosity efanele izotholakala futhi uzokwazi ukuqala injini nge-rpm ephezulu. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma izingxenye zensimbi ngaphansi kwe-hood zisebenza esimweni sezulu esibandayo, injini izohluleka, njengoba izinga lokushisa lithinta kabi ukungqubuzana kwabo. Kufika ku-90 degrees ungadluli uhhafu wesikali sesivinini nengxenye yomthwalo ogcwele. Kubalulekile ukuthi injini ifudunyezwe. ngesikhathi sokushayela okujwayelekile, ngaphansi kwemithwalo emaphakathi. Kulokhu, injini ifinyelela izinga lokushisa layo lokusebenza ngokushesha. Kungcono ukuthi ungafudumali lapho - yinde futhi ayisebenzi.

2. Lawula ukujikeleza

Ungeqi amandla amaningi e-RPM. Iyashesha umsebenzi wezingxenye ezihambayo futhi kubangela ukwanda kokushiswa kwamafutha, ngenxa yokuthi izindandatho ze-piston azikwazi ukubhekana nemihuzuko yayo. I-upshift kufanele yenzeke ngaphambi kokufinyelela ku-rpm ephezulu kakhulu. Kufanele futhi ugweme ukushayela ngama-rev aphansi nge-pedal yegesi ecindezeleke kakhulu. I-crankshaft nama-bushings alayishwa kakhulu ngaphansi kuka-2000 rpm uma ushayela nge-throttle evulekile.

3. Nakekela amafutha.

Uwoyela wezimoto i-lubricant ebaluleke kakhulungaphandle kwalokho ukushayela akunakwenzeka. Yingakho izinga layo libaluleke kangaka. Lawa mafutha kufanele abe shintsha njalo ngebanga elingu-10 km noma minyaka yonke. Konke lokhu ukuze ukungcola nezinsimbi zingalimazi idrayivu. Noma sazi ukuthi injini inoketshezi olusha, ungangabazi ukuhlola izinga likawoyela njalo - ake sihlole ngaphambi kwalo lonke uhambo olude izinga le-fluid ukuvimbela isimo lapho limane linganele (khona-ke kunengozi yokuqhuma kwenjini). Khumbula ukushintsha uwoyela wenjini njalo, ucabangela kuphela uketshezi olunconywe umenzi. Ungafunda kabanzi ngakho kulokhu okuthunyelwe − Izinhlobo zamafutha ezimoto zingawoyela okwenziwa kanye namaminerali.

4. Naka umsindo wenjini.

Imisindo yenjini engajwayelekile akumele ishaywe indiva. Okusetshenzisiwe ama-tensioners ebhande lesikhathi futhi ingozi yokweqa iketango izibonakalisa kusici sokugegetha okubandayo, okunyamalala ngemva kwesikhashana. Le nkinga ithinta ngokuyinhloko izimoto nge-timing chain. Hlola isikhathi lapho i-alamu ikhala khona ngemva kokuqala injini. Endabeni yezimoto ezinebhande lesikhathi, isimo asibonakali kangako - kaningi awuzwa umsindo ophazamisayo, akusho ukuthi akusona isikhathi sokuwushintsha. Izinsuku zokugcina emotweni kufanele zibe ishintshwe ngokuhlelekilenjengoba kunconywe umenzi.

5. Qapha futhi ulawule ukufakwa kwe-LPG.

Khumbula ukufaka esikhundleni sezihlungi ze-LPG eziguquguqukayo neziwuketshezi. Njalo ngezinkulungwane eziyi-15 km noma kanye ngonyaka, isikhathi somjovo kufanele sibhekwe futhi silungiswe. Isilungiselelo esingashintshiwe nesingalawulwa singanciphisa umthamo wegesi, ukushisa okweqile kwenjini kanye namashothi amaningi ayingozi.

6. Ungakuzibi ukuvuza

Okunye ukuvuza kulula ukukubona uma ukubone enjinini. udaka... Uma kungenjalo, izindawo ezimanzi ngokuvamile zizobonakala ngaphansi kwemoto. Imithombo eminingi yokuvuza ingaqedwa ngokufaka esikhundleni se-clutch noma ibhande lesikhathi.

Akunconywa ukuthi uzibe ukuvuza koketshezi emotweni ngenxa yokugcwala kwe-gearbox noma injini, okungadala lokhu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvuza kukawoyela emabhandeni asesekeli noma ibhande lesikhathi kubhubhisa irabha yawo. I-clutch evuzayo izobhubhisa i-clutch disc. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusuka ohlangothini lwekhanda, uwoyela ugelezela exhaust manifold futhi uyingozi kakhulu njengoba ufaka ushevu emotweni, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iphunga lawo. kungabonakali ngokuphelele.

Lapho ulungisa umthombo wokuvuza, zama ukusula udoti enjinini. Ngenxa yalokhu, sizokwazi ukuqapha ukubukeka koketshezi futhi.

7. Qaphela i-lever shift shift.

Ukushintsha amagiya abushelelezi, angenamandla kakhulu kwelula impilo yama-synchronizer nawo wonke u-gearbox. Ngokuvamile akufanele ihlale ngaphansi kwesigamu sesekhondi... Kufanele futhi ungabeki isandla sakho ku-lever yegiya ngenkathi ushayela. Ngakho-ke, sakha ingcindezi, lokhu kuphoqa izilayidi ukuthi zicindezele ngokumelene nezishintshi, zona, ezisongela ukusheshisa umsebenzi wazo futhi zibhubhise amafoloko okukhetha. I-gearshift yangaphandle ayiklanyelwe ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo futhi ingase ibe nokudlala. Thinta ijekhi kuphela uma ushintsha amagiya.

8. Ungawabhubhisi ama-synchronizer anezithasiselo zegiya.

Ugearbox kumele ube nawo amafutha kuphela atuswa umenzi... Izithasiselo ezigcina ukumelana nokugqoka nokunciphisa ukungqubuzana ziyingozi kuma-synchronizer ngoba ngemva kokusetshenziswa zizodinga amandla engeziwe lapho ushintsha amagiya, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ama-synchronizers azolayishwa kakhulu.

9. Gcina unyawo lwakho lungabanjwa futhi ulukhulule ngokucophelela.

Ezimotweni ezine-dual-mass flywheel, khulula i-clutch pedal kancane kancane. Ukusheshisa okungenalwazi lapho ukhulula i-pedal esigabeni sokugcina sokunyakaza konyawo kunomphumela omubi kakhulu ekuqineni kwayo, njengoba kubangela ukungqubuzana kobunzima bamasondo womabili... Lokhu kuphinde kugcwalise iziphethu zangaphakathi. I-clutch ngokwayo kufanele isetshenziswe ngenkathi ushayela. esikhathini esizayo esiseduze... Ngokugcina unyawo lwakho ku-pedal, i-relearing bear iphushwa ku-diaphragm spring. Lokhu kubachaya emsebenzini oqhubekayo, okuzoholela ekushintsheni okumba eqolo kwalesi sici.

10. Pholisa amabhuleki ngemva kokubhuleka kanzima.

Ngemva kokudlula endaweni engumqansa yomgwaqo noma omunye umzila lapho kufakwe khona amabhuleki avamile nasindayo, kufanele ushayele ibanga elithile. ngesivinini esiphansingaphambi kokupaka imoto. Kulokhu, amabhuleki ashisa kakhulu, futhi angahamba ngaphandle kokuma, lapho angapholisa khona. Ama-brake discs apholile futhi angena umoya anciphisa ubungozi bokucwebezela amabhlogo... Lokhu kwandisa ukuqina kanye nempilo yesevisi.

11. Ungabhuleki lapho ushayela phezu kwamaqhubu.

Ukubhuleka emigodini akukhuthazwa kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokushayela ngama-bumps, ngaphambi kokuba isondo liwele emgodini, kufanele khulula ibhuleki... Lokhu kuzovumela ukumiswa okungaphambili ukuthi kukhule futhi kunciphise amandla asebenza ezingxenyeni zayo. Kungcono nakanjani ukushayela emgodini ngokushesha ngaphandle kokucindezela imithombo yokumiswa.

12. Nakekela umfutho wesondo ofanele nokulinganisa kwamasondo.

Umfutho wesondo kufanele uhlolwe njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili futhi ngaphambi komzila ngamunye omude... Umfutho womoya ophansi uyingozi kakhulu emathayini njengoba uguga izinhlangothi ze-tread futhi ubangele ukuthi amathayi ashise kakhulu. Ngomfutho ofanayo, isondo lilahlekelwa amandla alo ngo-20%. uhhafu webha ephansi kusuka kokucacisiwe. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukukhumbula okulungile ukulinganisa kwesondo... Uma ingalingani, imoto iyanyakaza ngenkathi ishayela, okunciphisa kakhulu ukunethezeka kokushayela. Lokhu kuholela kwamanye amaphutha amaningi.

13. Ungalayishi kakhulu isiqalisi.

Uma injini ingaqali, musa crank isiqalisi isikhathi eside. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kungase kushise futhi kushise umqoqi namabhulashi. Izophuma futhi ngokushesha. ibhethri... Isiqalisi akumele siklolodelwe ngaphezu kwamasekhondi ayi-10. Bese uthatha ikhefu futhi ngemva komzuzu wokuzama, linda ingxenye yomzuzu kuze kube yilapho ibhethri lilulama. Ngemuva kokuziphilisa, isikhathi somsebenzi ongenzeka ngaphambi kokukhishwa sizokhula.

14. Nikeza ujeke ezindaweni eziqokiwe.

Ngaphambi kokulungisa i-jack, kufanele sebenzisa imanuwali futhi uhlole ukuthi izindawo zokuphakamisa eziqiniswe ngokukhethekile zitholakala kuphi emotweni. Kuyamukeleka ukusekela izintambo uma izindawo ezikhonjiswe umenzi sezivele zigqwalile. Ukushintsha lapho kunganconyiwe kungase kubangele ukubola phansi noma esakhiweni esiseceleni. Qaphela ukuthi isokhethi nayo inakho izindawo ezikhethiwe ngokukhethekile ukufaka esikhundleni.

15. Shayela kancane onqenqemeni lomgwaqo.

Ukushayela ngesivinini esikhulu onqenqemeni kubangela imifantu esidumbu samathayi esingaphakathi, esingase sibonakale njengamabhamuza ezindongeni ezisemaceleni. Ngokuhambisana nengcindezi ephansi kakhulu, lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu... Uma kwenzeka iphutha elinjalo, isondo alikwazi ukulungiswa futhi lingashintshwa kuphela. Ukuze ugweme ukwakheka kwamabhamuza, shayela phezu konqenqema ukuze uhhafu bamba, Kancane kancane.

16. Zizwe ukhululekile ukususa noma yikuphi ukuxega ekumisweni.

Ukucaciswa kokumiswa kudinga ukunakwa ngokushesha ukushintshwa kwezinto ezilimelengokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala. Ukuhluleka kwesinye sezingalo ze-rocker kubangela ukugcwala ngokweqile kwezinye ngendlela yokusabela kweketango. Ukulibazisa ukulungiswa kokumiswa kunemiphumela emibi kakhulu, futhi ukukubambezela ngesikhathi kuzofaka izindleko ezinkulu kumakhenikha esikhathini esizayo.

17. Shayela ngesivinini esincane emigwaqweni ewubhuqu.

Shayela emigwaqweni ewubhuqu ngesivinini esiphansi kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Kuphephe kakhulu ukucabanga ukuthi kusesiqephu esinjalo ijubane akufanele lidlule ku-30 ​​km/h... Amatshe amancane awela ku-chassis anamandla kune-sandpaper. Ama-sills awavamile ukumbozwa ngetiyela, okusho ukuthi i-varnish izophuma eshidini lensimbi elingenalutho lapho ushayela ngokushesha. Ukugqwala kuqhuma ngokushesha ezindaweni ezinjalo.

18. Qaphela njalo ama-puddles.

Ngaso sonke isikhathi bhuleka phambi kwamachibi, ikakhulukazi uma emakhulu ngempela. Noma bengekho abahamba ngezinyawo eduze. Okufanelekile, imoto akufanele yeqe umkhawulo wejubane ngaphambi kokungena echibini. 30 km / h. Ungazama nokugwema ukuthi amanzi angangeni emgwaqeni uma le ndlela ingayivezi ingozi kwabanye abasebenzisi bomgwaqo. Ukuchaphaza kwamanzi kuyingozi kakhulu ohlelweni lukagesi futhi i-generatorukumunca amanzi emotweni kungalimaza idrayivu.

19. Ungalayishi kakhulu umshini.

Ngisho noma imoto ine-trunk evulekile, kufanelekile ukusabalalisa isisindo kuyo ngokulinganayo. Ukulayisha ngokweqile kungabangela ukuguga kwesondo ngokweqile futhi kulimaza kakhulu izinto ezibamba ukushaqeka. Ngokulandelayo, ukudonsa inqola ngokucindezela okukhulu kuhhuku kuholela ekuqhekekeni kweziphethu. Akumele udlule izinga lokulayisha elivumelekile.

20. Geza i-chassis ngosawoti njalo ngemva kobusika.

Ukugeza i-chassis njalo ngemva kobusika kufanele kube umkhuba omuhle kuwo wonke umshayeli. Usawoti ungenye yezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu ukuvikela ukubola komzimba... Ukufinyelela izakhi zokumiswa, ama-slabs kanye nemibundu, kubangela ukukhula okusheshayo kulezi zindawo. ukugqwala... Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ungasebenzisa ukugeza kwemoto okungeyena othintana naye futhi uhlanza kahle wonke usawoti, uqondise i-lance kusuka phansi.

Ngokunakekela kahle imoto yakho nokuthuthukisa imikhuba embalwa yokushayela enempilo, ungakwazi ukunweba kakhulu impilo yemoto yakho nezingxenye zayo ngaphandle kokukhokhelwa ngokweqile okungadingekile. Uma udinga izinto ezintsha zemoto yakho, hlola okunikezwayo Knock out futhi nijabula ukushayela imoto oyikhonzile iminyaka eminingi.