Imikhumbi-mkhathi ye-SpaceX

Kulokhu, iphrojekthi ye-Star Ship "E-Workshop" iyimodeli endizayo yerokhethi eklanywe ithimba lika-Elon Musk, eklanyelwe izindiza eziningi eziya kumakoloni azayo aseMartian. Iphrojekthi ethokozisayo, indaba ethokozisayo, imodeli ethokozisayo ayilutho ngaphandle kokutadisha isihloko kanye nokuqaliswa okwalandela kwalokho okwakhulelwa. Ikusasa linamuhla!

Upopayi walolu hambo lwasemkhathini ungumlingiswa onemibala egqamile. Ngesikhathi sokuqala, kufanelekile ukubhekisisa - kodwa okwamanje, kafushane kuphela futhi ngokombono wezidingo zethu zokumodela.

U-Elon Reeve Musk

Wazalwa ngo-1971, wazalelwa ePitoli (eNingizimu Afrika), wasebenza iminyaka eminingi eNyakatho Melika, usomabhizinisi onombono, isazi sezomnotho kanye nefiziksi (eneziqu ze-bachelor), umsunguli we, phakathi kwabanye, Neuralink Hyperloop kanye ne-Boring Company.

Lapho eneminyaka eyishumi ubudala, uthenga ikhompiyutha yakhe yokuqala futhi ufunda ukuhlela. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, uthengisa uhlelo lwakhe lwangempela cishe ngama-US$500. Ngemva kokuthuthela eCanada (lapho ebalekela khona inkonzo yezempi), uhlanza ama-boilers, usebenza epulazini, endaweni yokusaha nokugawula imithi. Ube esethuthela eToronto ukuyosebenza emnyangweni we-IT welinye lamabhange futhi afunde ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngemva kokuphothula iziqu, uthuthela e-USA.

I-Living Legend of Aviation (Kitty Hawk Foundation 2010), Owine Indondo Ye-Von Braun (enikezwe iNational Space Society "ngokuhola impumelelo enkulu ekuhloleni indawo ngo-2008/2009"), Udokotela Ohlonishwayo Emkhathini (University of Surrey, UK ) ngisho neziqu zobudokotela ezihlonishwayo ezivela e-AGH e-Krakow - futhi umnikazi we-convertible kagesi ebomvu elahlekile esikhaleni.

I-SpaceX

U-Elon Musk uphinde abe yi-CEO kanye ne-CTO ye-Space Exploration Technologies - ngamafuphi. I-SpaceX. Yakhelwe ukuklama nokwenza izimoto zokuqalisa imikhumbi-mkhathi. Umgomo u-Musk ambekele wona uwukunciphisa izindleko zezindiza zasemkhathini izikhathi eziyikhulu (!) - ikakhulukazi ngenxa yamarokhethi amasha, asetshenziswa ngokuphindaphindiwe omklamo wakhe.

Irokhethi yokuqala enjalo ye-SpaceX kwaba Ingquza 1 (ngo-2009, lokhu futhi kwaba ukwethulwa komkhathi okuyimfihlo kokuqala kwesathelayithi emzileni woMhlaba emlandweni wezomkhathi). Okwesibili Ingquza 9 (2010) - umsebenzi wakhe oyinhloko ukwethula umkhumbi wakhe emkhathini Dragon, okwagcina kusetshenziselwe ukuhlinzeka nge-International Space Station.

1. Inkanyezi yanamuhla ekuqaleni yayingenawo amagama ahlukene kuphela, kodwa futhi nemiqondo ehluke ngokuphelele nezici zobuchwepheshe. Idizayini isathuthuka futhi kusalindelwe izinguquko ezengeziwe. 2-4. Ukunikezwa kwemiklamo enesibindi kakhulu ye-SpaceX kuze kube manje, kuhlanganiswe nesibalo somuntu, kuvumela umuntu ukuthi acabange isikali serokhethi.

Ubufakazi bamandla enkampani ukuthi ngo-2008 yawina inkontileka ka-US$1,6 billion yokuhambisa izindiza eziyishumi nambili eziya e-International Space Station (ngokuzayo futhi ezimishinini eziqhutshwa abantu). Inkontileka enkulu kunaleyo emayelana nayo Iphrojekthi ye-DART (Double Asteroid Redirection Test), ebiza u-$69 million. Le mishini yesitayela se-Armageddon (edlala u-Bruce Willis) ihlelelwe ukwethulwa ngoJuni 2021 ukuze iguqule indlela yendiza ye-Didymos yasemkhathini kusetshenziswa isathelayithi ezinikele ye-Falcon 9. Umsebenzi kufanele uqedwe ngo-Okthoba 2022, lapho i-asteroid izoba cishe ziyi-11 million km ukusuka eMhlabeni. Lokhu kuwukuhlola nje kobuchwepheshe, kodwa kwazi bani - mhlawumbe ngenxa yalokhu sizokwazi ukuzivikela e-Armagedoni yangempela, yendawo yonke esikhathini esizayo ...?

Nokho, njengoba kunjalo ngemiklamo yokuphayona, impumelelo emangalisayo ngezinye izikhathi ihambisana nezithiyo ezinkulu. Udrako 1 usevele enze indiza yakhe yokuqala eyimpumelelo ye-orbital nge-astronaut dummy kanye noMhlaba owubukhazikhazi. Ngeshwa, ngo-Ephreli 2019, i-Dragon 2 yacekelwa phansi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo - futhi lokhu kubeka ukungabaza ekusetshenzisweni kwayo ukuthutha abantu esikhathini esizayo esiseduze ...

Starship

Starship igama lakamuva kakhulu le-rocket, okuyindikimba yephrojekthi Ku-Workshop (uMuska umemezele lokhu nge-Twitter ngoNovemba 20, 2018). Kuphinde kube wukuzalwa kwakamuva kwerokhethi elaziwa ngokuthi yi-Interplanetary Transport System (ITS), iMars Colonial Transporter (MCT) kanye neBig Falcon Rocket (BFR).

Ithuthukiswe ngokufana namanye amarokhethi e-SpaceX, i-Starship kufanele ithathe imisebenzi ye-Falcon 9, okungukuthi, ilethe imithwalo edingekayo emzileni ozungeza Umhlaba, noma ngokunokwenzeka nabasebenzi be-ISS. Futhi lokhu kuyisiqalo nje! Izinhlelo zokuvelela zihlanganisa ukwakhiwa kwezinguquko ezintathu zerokhethi: impahla, ephethwe umuntu kanye ne-orbital tanker. Uhlelo kufanele luhlinzeke ngazo zombili izindiza eziya eNyangeni kanye nokuthuthwa kwabantu kanye nezinto zokusebenza ukuze kwenziwe ikoloni ku-Mars. Esigabeni sokuqala, i-Starhooper engamamitha angu-XNUMX (eyakhiwe kakade, yase ilinyazwa isiphepho futhi yakhiwe kabusha) izoba indawo yokuhlola izixazululo zesistimu ye-Starship.

5. Izingxenye ezihlukene zesistimu - eyokuqala ukusuka kwesobunxele, i-Starhopper, iyinkundla yokusebenza kuphela yokuthola izixazululo (ikakhulukazi amasistimu wokufika ngokunemba). 6. Abahlaseli bathi ukuhumusha okuthunyelwe kukaMusk kumaphrofayili akhe okuxhumana nabantu akufani nezithombe ezitholwe kabusha zento evela kusayithi le-SpaceX, futhi nakakhulu izithombe ezingavuthiwe ezithathwe abalandeli abanelukuluku ... 7. ... Nokho, njengoba kufanele umholi wangempela, u-Elon Musk wenza okuncane - unomgomo - ukwenza iMars ikoloni! 9. Kwakukhona futhi i-PR eningi mayelana nombhoshongo wokuqala - ukuthi wawuhlekisa kangangokuthi wawungeke usebenze, njll. Uyoba yini ngempela? Asibone!

Ubuye waveza ukuthi ngo-2023 usozigidi waseJapan uzondizela emkhathini ezungeza inyanga njengengxenye yezokuvakasha. Yusaku Maedzawa kanye neqembu elikhethwe ngesandla labaculi abangu-6-8 (uma noma yimuphi wabafundi ababenesithakazelo ekuthengeni ithikithi, uhambo olunjalo lwesonto elilodwa kubiza kuphela amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-70...).

8. U-Elon uyakwazi futhi ukuheha abanye ngombono wakhe, njenge-mogul yase-Japan e-commerce ethenge ithikithi lokundiza enyangeni - nakuba irokhethi lokundizela lapho lihlala kuphela ezikrinini zabaklami nabadwebi bezithombe.

Naphezu kobunzima nokungqubuzana okuhambisana namaphrojekthi ezikhathini ezinjalo, amakhono avele abonisiwe "omphuphi ohlanyayo" kanye nemiphumela ayizuzile kufanele ahlolwe. Inkanyezi ibonakala njengenye yezimpumelelo ezinhle zekusasa lika-Elon Musk - ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi sizobe sizwa ngazo zombili ngokuphindaphindiwe.   

10 Esigabeni sokuqala sendiza, i-Starship izokwethulwa ku-orbit kusetshenziswa i-Superheavy, imoto yokwethulwa kabusha engasetshenziswa kabusha. Ngemuva kokuhlukana nayo, izondizela eNyangeni bese ibuyela eMhlabeni isebenzisa izinjini zayo. 11 Ama-ballast amane kwamahlanu e-Starship angahlelwa kabusha - ezokuthutha noma, njengalokhu kuboniswa ngeso, ukuze kungene kabusha okuzinzile emkhathini woMhlaba. 12 U-Elon Musk usenezinselelo eziningi ezizayo, kodwa zonke izinkomba zibonisa ukuthi cishe kunezinto eziningi ezihlaba umxhwele umuntu ozidlayo angeke azicabange… (izithombe nokunikezwayo okuhlobene nephrojekthi yokuqala - nge-SpaceX / Elon Musk).

Irokhethi esebenza emoyeni mini-Mars

Kulesi sigaba sezintandokazi zethu zanyanga zonke (bheka ithebula eliphambene), ungafunda izikhathi eziningi mayelana namamodeli aphephile, angewona ama-powder amarokhethi - lokhu kuye kwaba enye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zamamodeli kuma-studio e-Youth Cultural Centre, engiqondise iminyaka eminingi. iminyaka. U-Nicolaus Copernicus e-Wroclaw, nabanye. Umcibisholo wezinga le-¾” ufana kakhulu nephrojekthi yanamuhla, eyethulwe kakhulu kwiziqalisi zezinyawo, futhi yachazwa kokuthi “E-Workshop” ngo-2013.

Ngalesi sikhathi nginqume ukwenza umklamo ube lula ngangokunokwenzeka. isigamu sengilazi ye-Elon BFR, ngakho-ke umnsalo wezingxenye ezimbili (kahle, mhlawumbe ngokungeziwe, ukuhlekwa okungcono kunezixazululo zangaphambilini, i-plywood yangaphandle). Njengoba okwamanje ngithole amapayipi amancane (futhi ashibhile!) angu-28mm, ngincoma lolu hlobo lwesiqalisi ukuze siqalise imodeli yethu.

13 Idizayini yemodeli evezwe esihlokweni isuselwe ekwakhiweni kwerokhethi kobuchwepheshe obusha obusekelwa ubuchwepheshe buka-2013. Ikhanda elinezicucu ezimbili kulula ukuhlangana futhi selivele lizibonakalise kumakhulu amamodeli anjalo. Ama-Ballast alula nakakhulu kunakulo mklamo. 14 Isisekelo somsebenzi womhlangano sizoba: isethi yezingxenye zemodeli ephrintiwe ekhadini (A4, 160 g / m2) kanye nepayipi yokufaka kagesi enobubanzi obungama-28 mm nobude obungama-30 cm - uma kungabikho ukufinyelela kulokhu, ungasebenzisa isitsha esinamathebulethi "ama-plush" noma ipayipi lamanzi elingu-¾ (26 mm), ulinganisa iphaneli yephrinta. 15 Izizinzisi zangaphambili ikakhulukazi zidinga inothi ngaphambi kokusika. Ngokubhoboza amakhadibhodi ezindaweni ezifanele ngephini, ungasebenzisa lezi zimbobo ukwenza ukusika okuhle ngakolunye uhlangothi. 16 Zonke izakhi ziyasikwa futhi zilungele ukugoqwa - ukuhlangana kuzoqala maduze! 17 Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuthi siqale ukugoqa i-hull, udinga ukulungisa ishubhu yesiqalisi. Ukunamathisela ngqo epayipini okuzothulwa kulo i-rocket akuvamile ukuphumelela. Isixazululo esingcono kakhulu kungaba ukulungisa isifanekiso esinobubanzi obuthe ukukhudlwana ukuze imodeli isuse isiqalisi kahle. Indlela elula yokwenza lokhu ukunamathisela izendlalelo ezimbili ze-masking tape epayipini (ukudlulana). 18 Ububanzi obuqondiwe (29mm) bungalinganiswa nge-caliper, kodwa irula yomugqa wephepha izosebenza kahle lapha (ngaphandle kwalapho okuphrintiwe kukaliwe). Isilinganiso somjikelezo kufanele sibe ngu-91 mm. 19 Ukunamathisela umzimba we-rocket kuwufanele ukuzijwayeza ephepheni likadoti. Ukuze uthole i-gluing, ngincoma ukusebenzisa i-Magic glue ehlanjululwe kancane (i-POW eyomisa ngokushesha). I-adhesive kufanele icindezelwe ngokuqinile, ucindezela indawo okufanele iboshwe ngokumelene ne-micro-rabha (isb., uhlangothi lwesobunxele lwe-mouse pad). 20 Inhlanganisela eyenziwe kahle kufanele ibe bushelelezi futhi ihlanzeke. 21 Ngemuva kokuthi i-fuselage inamathele engxenyeni yayo engenhla, i-plywood yangaphandle ifakwe ngaphakathi (ngemuva kwakho konke, lokhu kuyi-semi-dummy).

Njengamaphrojekthi amaningi adlule, lena nayo isekelwe esakhiweni esilungiselelwe ngokukhethekile, esingalandwa kuwebhusayithi yomshicileli (noma iwebhusayithi yombhali - MODELmaniak.PL). Ukuze uyiphrinte, uzodinga kuphela iphrinta yasekhaya emnyama nemhlophe kanye neshidi elivela ku-tech block, futhi uzodinga: ucezu luka-28 cm lweshubhu yezintambo zikagesi enobubanzi obungu-XNUMX mm (kusukela ebumpofu kungase kube "ishubhu" elifushane ngemva kokuncibilikisa amaphilisi okungeza) kanye namathuluzi ambalwa ayisisekelo abangase bawathole kuma-workshop amaningi asekhaya.

Kungcono ukulandela imininingwane yokuklama emidwebeni nezithombe ezixhunywe esihlokweni esichaza izinyathelo zomhlangano ngamunye.

Izindiza zokuhlola ngalolu hlobo lwemodeli zingenziwa ekhaya (ukudubula okumnene ekhethini kuzovikela ikhala le-rocket). Ungakwazi futhi ukwethula i-rocket ngomlomo noma i-leg rocket, futhi ubambe iqhaza emiqhudelwaneni ye-air rocket. Akunzima ukuwahlela phakathi kozakwethu, ekilabhini noma esikoleni, nakuba ngenxa yomzimba omfushane kancane kunokujwayelekile, akufanele alindele izindiza eziphula amarekhodi ezikude ezivela kumodeli onjalo we-semi-model - inzuzo yayo eyinhloko ukubukeka kwayo kwasekuqaleni. nendaba ethokozisayo.

Kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni lwesiqalisi kanye nendawo yokundiza, noma yimuphi umfuziselo we-astronaut onengqondo uhlala unqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukukhomba eduze kwanoma imaphi amehlo. (umuntu nesilwane - ngisho kusukela umhluzi!).

Ngokwesiko, ngifisela abadlali bemodeli eyethulwe inhlanhla emsebenzini wabo kanye nokuhle okuningi, okundizayo nokuphephile okuhlala njalo! Ngikukhuthaza ukuthi uxhumane nabahleli be-“Młodego Technika” noma mina, ngokusebenzisa izingosi zobuchwepheshe bentsha noma amasayithi amamodeli ahlakaniphile - kokubili uma kuba nezinkinga futhi uma kwenzeka uphumelela!

Lolu hlobo lwe-racquet lulungele imibukiso noma imincintiswano yabaklami bemodeli ye-aerospace yamarokhethi angaphakathi (lawa abanjwe e-Wroclaw iminyaka eminingana). Iqiniso elithakazelisayo ukuthi kulesi sithombe esivela ngaphandle komncintiswano kukhombisa ukuthi sekuvele kunamamodeli amathathu nezinkundla zokubuka ezintathu ezichazwe yi-“Młodego Technika” “U-Papa use-workshop”.

Emiqhudelwaneni ye-rocket yasendlini, umuntu usuka emlonyeni futhi andizele ebangeni eliphakeme kakhulu (yonke indlela eya phansi - ephawulwe ngamaribhoni yonke imitha). Kodwa-ke, umculi we-rocket ethakazelisayo, enhle noma engavamile (ngokwesibonelo, njengalesi sihloko!) angathola indondo.

Isifanekiso esifanayo singasetshenziswa ukudala ama-rocket amakhulu kakhulu (njengamabhaluni) namarokhethi amancane. Kuphinde kube yisihloko esihle kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemibuthano yezobuchwepheshe, amakilabhu, izitudiyo zokumodela - ngisho namakilasi asenyuvesi (umbhali uboniswe esithombeni ngesikhathi senkulumo yabafundi baseNyuvesi Yezingane).

Ngakho, masingamvumeli u-Eloni ukuba asifice.

Futhi kufanelekile ukubheka: https://www.kosmicznapropaganda.pl/jak-zmienial-sie-projekt-big-falcon-rocket-i-big-falcon-spaceship/ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/ wiki / BFR_ (umcibisholo)

Izihloko ezifanayo ezifakiwe zombhali kokuthi “Eshabhuni yokusebenzela” ezishicilelwe ku-“Młody Technik” 01/2008 MT-08 rocket (cal. 15 mm) 06/2008 I-Supersonic concorde (cal. 15 mm) 12/2008 Irokhethi ye-Plush (uhlamvu lwemali) 08/2010 qalisa rocket 10/2013 11 Walking Rocket (ft, cal. ¾”) 2013/01 Straw rocket (2017-3mm cal.)

Ukubala phansi kuhlala: 3,2,1…;o)