Indlela Yokukala I-Voltage ye-DC nge-Multimeter (Umhlahlandlela Wabaqalayo)

I-voltage mhlawumbe iyisilinganiso esilula nesivame ukufundwa ngamamitha amaningi. Ngenkathi ukufunda i-DC voltage kungase kubonakale kulula ekuqaleni, ukufunda kahle kudinga ulwazi olujulile lwalo msebenzi owodwa.

Ngamafuphi, ungakwazi ukukala i-DC voltage nge-multimeter ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo. Okokuqala, shintsha ukudayela ku-voltage ye-DC. Bese ufaka umthofu omnyama kujack ye-COM bese uholela obomvu kujeke we-V Ω. Bese ukhipha i-dipstick ebomvu kuqala bese emva kwalokho i-dipstick emnyama. Bese uxhuma i-test lead to the circuit. Manje ungafunda isilinganiso se-voltage esibukweni. 

Uma ungumuntu osaqalayo futhi ufuna ukufunda indlela yokulinganisa amandla kagesi e-DC nge-multimeter—kokubili ama-multimeter edijithali ne-analog—ufike endaweni efanele. Sizokufundisa yonke inqubo, okuhlanganisa nokuhlaziywa kwemiphumela.

Iyini i-voltage engaguquki?

Ukuze uqonde, i-DC voltage iwuhlobo olufushane lwegama elithi "DC voltage" - i-voltage ekwazi ukukhiqiza amandla aqondile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-voltage eshintshanayo iyakwazi ukukhiqiza i-alternating current.

Ngokuvamile, i-DC isetshenziselwa ukuchaza amasistimu ane-polarity eqhubekayo. Kodwa-ke, kulo mongo, i-DC isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukubhekisela kumanani lapho i-polarity ingashintshi njalo, noma amanani anefrikhwensi enguziro. Amanani ashintsha njalo i-polarity ngefrikhwensi enhle abizwa ngokuthi i-alternating current.

Umehluko ongaba khona we-voltage/iyunithi yokushaja phakathi kwezikhundla ezimbili endaweni kagesi i-voltage. Ukuhamba kanye nokuba khona kwezinhlayiya ezikhokhisiwe (ama-electron) kukhiqiza amandla kagesi. (1)

Umehluko ongaba khona uyenzeka lapho ama-electron ehamba phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili - ukusuka endaweni yamandla aphansi ukuya endaweni yamandla aphezulu. I-AC ne-DC yizinhlobo ezimbili zamandla kagesi. (2)

I-voltage etholakala ku-DC yikho esikhuluma ngakho lapha - i-DC voltage.

Izibonelo zemithombo ye-DC zifaka amabhethri, amaphaneli elanga, ama-thermocouples, amajeneretha e-DC, neziguquli zamandla e-DC ukuze kulungiswe i-AC.

Ungakala kanjani i-DC voltage nge-multimeter (idijithali)

1. Shintsha ukudayela ku-voltage ye-DC. Uma i-DMM yakho ifika nama-millivolts DC futhi ungazi ukuthi iyiphi okufanele uyikhethe, qala nge-DC voltage njengoba ilinganiselwe ku-voltage ephezulu.
2. Bese ufaka i-probe emnyama kusixhumi se-COM.

3. Imikhondo yokuhlola ebomvu kufanele ingene ngaphakathi kujeke we-V Ω. Ngemva kokwenza lokhu, qala ngokukhipha i-dipstick ebomvu bese emva kwalokho i-dipstick emnyama.

3. Isinyathelo sesine ukuxhuma ama-test probe kusekethe (ama-probes amnyama endaweni yokuhlola engalungile kanye nama-red probes endaweni yokuhlola i-polarity enhle).

Qaphela. Kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ama-multimeters amaningi esimanje angathola ngokuzenzakalelayo i-polarity. Uma usebenzisa ama-multimeters edijithali, intambo ebomvu akufanele ithinte itheminali ephozithivu, futhi ucingo olumnyama akufanele luthinte itheminali enegethivu. Uma ama-probe ethinta amatheminali abhekene, uphawu olunegethivu luzovela esibukweni.

Uma usebenzisa i-analog multimeter, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi umkhondo uthinta amatheminali alungile ukuze ungalimazi i-multimeter.

5. Manje ungafunda isilinganiso se-voltage esibukweni.

Amathiphu Awusizo Wokukala I-DC Voltage nge-DMM

1. Ama-DMM esimanje ngokuvamile anebanga elizenzakalelayo ngokuzenzakalelayo, kuye ngomsebenzi oboniswa odayelini. Ungashintsha ububanzi ngokucindezela inkinobho ethi "Range" izikhathi ezimbalwa uze ufinyelele ebangeni oyifunayo. Isilinganiso se-voltage singawela kububanzi obuphansi be-millivolt DC. Ungakhathazeki. Susa ama-probe okuhlola, shintsha ukudayela ukuze ufunde ama-millivolts DC, faka kabusha ama-probe okuhlola, bese ufunda isilinganiso se-voltage.
2. Ukuze uthole isilinganiso esizinzile, cindezela inkinobho ethi "bamba". Uzoyibona ngemva kokuqedwa kokulinganisa i-voltage.
3. Cindezela inkinobho ethi "MIN/MAX" ukuze uthole isilinganiso se-voltage ye-DC ephansi futhi ephakeme kakhulu, cindezela inkinobho ethi "MIN/MAX". Linda umsindo njalo lapho i-DMM irekhoda ivelu kagesi entsha.
4. Uma ufuna ukusetha i-DMM enanini elinqunywe kusengaphambili, cindezela okuthi "REL" (Relative) noma "?" (Delta) izinkinobho. Isibonisi sizobonisa izilinganiso ze-voltage ngezansi nangaphezulu kwevelu yesithenjwa.

Ungakala kanjani i-DC voltage nge-analog multimeter

Landela lezi zinyathelo ezilula:

1. Cindezela inkinobho ethi "VULA" kumitha yakho ukuze uyivule.
2. Vula i-multimeter knob endaweni ethi "V"._DC»- DC voltage. Uma i-multimeter yakho ye-analog ingenayo i-"V_{E-COLUMBIA REGION,}” hlola ukuthi ingabe kukhona u-V onomugqa oqondile wamaphoyinti angu-3 bese uphendulela inkinobho ngakuwo.

3. Qhubeka usethe ububanzi, okumele bube bukhulu kunobubanzi bevolthi yokuhlola elindelekile.
4. Uma usebenza nge-voltage engaziwa, ibanga elimisiwe kufanele libe likhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.
5. Xhuma intambo emnyama kujeke we-COM kanye nomthofu obomvu kujekhi ye-VΩ (okungcono lena ene-VDC kuyo).
6. Beka i-probe emnyama endaweni ye-voltage engalungile noma ephansi kanye ne-probe ebomvu endaweni ye-voltage ephozithivu noma ephezulu.
7. Ukuze uthole ukuchezuka okukhulu, okusiza ukuthuthukisa ukunemba, yehlisa ububanzi be-voltage.
8. Manje thatha ukufundwa kwe-VDC futhi uqaphele ukuthi ungathathi ukufundwa kwe-VAC.
9. Ngemuva kokuthi usuqedile ukufunda, susa uphenyo olubomvu kuqala bese emva kwalokho uphenyo olumnyama.
10. Vala i-multimeter bese usetha ububanzi obukhulu ukuze uvimbele umonakalo uma uphinda usetshenziswa ngokushesha.

Ngokungafani ne-multimeter yedijithali, i-multimeter ye-analog ayikuxwayisi nge-polarity ehlehlisiwe, engalimaza i-multimeter. Qaphela, njalo uhloniphe i-polarity.

Siyini isimo sokugcwala ngokweqile futhi senzeka nini?

Kunesizathu esihle sokuthi kungani welulekwa ukuthi ukhethe ibanga likagesi elingaphezu kwenani elilindelekile. Ukukhetha inani eliphansi kungase kuphumele ekulayisheni ngokweqile. Imitha ayikwazi ukukala i-voltage uma ingaphandle kwebanga lokulinganisa.

Ku-DMM, uzokwazi ukuthi ubhekene nesimo sokugcwala ngokweqile uma i-DMM ifundeka ngokuthi "ngaphandle kwebanga", "OL" noma "1" esikrinini. Ungathuki lapho uthola inkomba yokugcwala ngokweqile. Ayikwazi ukulimaza noma ukulimaza i-multimeter. Ungasinqoba lesi simo ngokwandisa ububanzi ngeknobhu yesikhethi uze ufinyelele inani elilindelekile. Uma usola ukwehla kwe-voltage kusekethe yakho, ungasebenzisa futhi i-multimeter ukuyikala.

Uma usebenzisa i-analog multimeter, uzokwazi ukuthi unesimo sokulayisha ngokweqile uma ubona umcibisholo othi "FSD" (Ukuchezuka Kwesikali Esigcwele). Kuma-multimeters e-analog, izimo zokugcwala ngokweqile kufanele zigwenywe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulimala okungenzeka. Hlala kude nobubanzi be-voltage ephansi ngaphandle uma wazi ukuthi ukala kanjani i-voltage.

UMkhandlu Wezokuphepha: Gwema izinzwa ezinezintambo eziphukile noma ezingenalutho. Ngaphezu kokwengeza iphutha ekufundweni kokulinganisa i-voltage, ama-probe awonakele ayingozi ezilinganisweni zikagesi.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa i-multimeter yedijithali noma i-analog multimeter, manje uyazi ukuthi i-multimeter ikala kanjani i-voltage. Manje ungakwazi ukukala okwamanje ngokuzethemba.

Uma unaka ngokugcwele inqubo, usukulungele ukukala i-voltage emthonjeni we-DC. Manje kala i-voltage emthonjeni owuthandayo we-DC futhi ubone ukuthi isebenza kanjani.

Sibale ezinye izifundo ezimbalwa ze-multimeter ngezansi. Ungawahlola futhi uwabeke ukuze uwafunde kamuva. Ngiyabonga! Futhi sizokubona esihlokweni sethu esilandelayo!

• Ungahlola kanjani ukukhishwa kwebhethri nge-multimeter
• Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-multimeter ukuhlola i-voltage yezintambo ezibukhoma
• I-Cen-Tech 7-Function Digital Multimeter Uhlolojikelele

Izincomo

(1) ama-electron - https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/electron

(2) amandla kagesi - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/electrical-energy