Ungayithola kanjani isekethe emfushane nge-multimeter (umhlahlandlela wezinyathelo ezi-6)

Uke wahlangabezana nenkinga yamasekethe amafushane lapho usebenza ngamasekhethi kagesi noma amadivaysi? Uma isifunda esifushane silimaza unomphela isekethe yakho kagesi noma ibhodi lesekethe, iba yinkinga kakhulu. Ukuthola nokulungisa isifunda esifushane kubalulekile.

Nakuba kunezindlela ezahlukene zokubona isifunda esifushane, ukusebenzisa i-multimeter kungenye yezinto ezilula. Ngenxa yalokho, senze le ncazelo ebanzi yokuthi ungathola kanjani isifunda esifushane nge-multimeter.

Iyini isifunda esifushane?

Umjikelezo omfushane uwuphawu lwentambo ephukile noma ephukile, okuholela ekungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lukagesi. Yakheka lapho ucingo oluphethe manje luhlangana nokungathathi hlangothi noma umhlabathi kusekethe.

Futhi, kungaba uphawu lwesekethe emfishane uma ubona amafuse evunguza njalo noma i-breaker circuit ikhubeka njalo. Uma isekhethi icushiwe, ungase futhi uzwe imisindo ephezulu ephumayo.

I-multimeter ingelinye lamathuluzi ayisisekelo ongawasebenzisa ukuze uhlole izikhindi ezintanjeni zekhaya lakho. Ngayo, ungabheka izinkinga zikagesi njenge-short to ground. I-multimeter ingahlola ngisho nokufushane ebhodini lesekethe, njengakukhompyutha yedeskithophu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingahlola futhi amasekhethi amafushane ezintambo zikagesi zemoto yakho.

Izinyathelo zokuthola isifunda esifushane nge-multimeter yedijithali

Ngokulungisa i-short circuit ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, uzonciphisa ingozi yokulimala kocingo kanye ne-insulation futhi uvimbele i-breaker circuit ukuthi ingashi. (1)

Ukuze uthole isifunda esifushane esine-multimeter, landela lezi zinyathelo:

Isinyathelo #1: Hlala Uphephile futhi Ulungiselele

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi konke kwenziwa ngokuphepha ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-multimeter ukucacisa isifunda esifushane. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi isekethe yakho kagesi noma i-multimeter yakho ayilimele ngenkathi ucinga isekethe emfushane.

Ngaphambi kokuphenya noma yini, qiniseka ukuthi isifunda sakho sikagesi sivaliwe. Lokhu kubandakanya ukukhipha amabhethri nama-adaptha amandla.

Qaphela: Uma ungawavali wonke amandla esekethe ngaphambi kokuyihlola, ungathola ukushaqeka okukhulu kukagesi noma ukushaqeka kukagesi. Ngakho-ke, hlola kabili ukuthi ugesi osesekethe uvaliwe yini.

Isinyathelo #2 Vula i-multimeter yakho bese uyimisa. 

Vula i-multimeter ngemva kokuhlola kabili ukuthi yonke into iphephile ukuyisebenzisa. Bese usebenzisa i-switch knob ukuze uyisethe kumodi yokuhlola ukuqhubeka noma imodi yokumelana, kuye ngamakhono e-multimeter yakho.

Ithiphu: Uma i-multimeter yakho inezinye izilungiselelo zokumelana, kuyanconywa ukuthi ukhethe isikali sokumelana esiphansi kakhulu.

Isinyathelo #3: Hlola futhi ulungise i-Multimeter

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-multimeter yakho izokunikeza zonke izilinganiso ozidingayo, kufanele uyihlole futhi uyilinganise ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, xhuma amathiphu okuhlola we-multimeter yakho.

Uma ikwimodi yokumelana, ukufundwa kokumelana ku-multimeter yakho kufanele kube ngu-0 noma kusondele ku-zero. Uma ukufundwa kwe-multimeter kuphakeme kakhulu kunoziro, kulinganise ukuze kuthi lapho ama-probe amabili ethinta, inani lizoba nguziro. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ikumodi eqhubekayo, ukukhanya kuzokhanyisa noma i-buzzer izokhala futhi ukufundwa kuzoba ngu-0 noma kusondele ku-zero.

Isinyathelo #4: Thola Ingxenye Yohlelo

Ngemuva kokusetha nokulinganisa i-multimeter, udinga ukuthola futhi ukhombe izingxenye zesekethe ozozihlola kumasekethe amafushane.

Ukumelana nogesi kwalesi sici, cishe, akufanele kulingane no-zero. Isibonelo, okokufaka kwesikhulisi somsindo egumbini lakho lokuphumula eduze kwe-TV yakho cishe kuzoba nokuphazamiseka okungamakhulu ambalwa ohm (okungenani).

Ibhonasi: Qinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye inokumelana okungenani okuthile lapho ukhetha lezi zingxenye, ngaphandle kwalokho kuyoba nzima ukuthola isifunda esifushane.

Isinyathelo #5: Hlola Isekhethi

Ngemuva kokuthola le ngxenye ozoyihlolela isekethe emfushane, xhuma ama-probe abomvu namnyama e-multimeter yakho kusekethe.

Iphoyinti lensimbi le-probe emnyama kufanele lixhunywe emhlabathini noma ku-chassis yesekethe kagesi.

Bese uxhuma ichopho lensimbi le-probe ebomvu engxenyeni oyihlolayo noma endaweni ocabanga ukuthi ifushane. Qiniseka ukuthi womabili ama-probe axhumene nengxenye yensimbi efana nocingo, ingxenye yokuhola, noma i-PCB foil.

Isinyathelo #6: Hlola isibonisi se-multimeter

Okokugcina, naka ukufundwa esibukweni se-multimeter njengoba ucindezela isivivinyo esibomvu nesimnyama ngokumelene nezingxenye zensimbi zesekhethi.

• Imodi Yokumelana - Uma ukumelana kuphansi futhi ukufundwa kunguziro noma kusondele ku-zero, ukuhlola kwamanje kugeleza kuyo futhi umjikelezo uyaqhubeka. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona isifunda esifushane, isibonisi se-multimeter sizobonisa i-1 noma i-OL (isifunda esivulekile), okubonisa ukuntuleka kokuqhubeka kanye nesifunda esifushane kudivayisi noma isifunda esilinganiswayo.
• Imodi yokuqhubeka - I-multimeter ibonisa uziro noma eduze kweziro kanye nokubhip ukukhombisa ukuqhubeka. Nokho, akukho ukuqhubeka uma i-multimeter ifunda u-1 noma i-OL (i-loop evulekile) futhi ayibhiphu. Ukuntuleka kokuqhubeka kubonisa isifunda esifushane kudivayisi evivinywayo.

Amathiphu Okusebenzisa i-DMM ukuze Uthole Isifunda Esifushane

I-multimeter ingasetshenziswa ukuhlola amasekhethi amafushane nezici zesekhethi yakho njengoba ingasebenza njenge-voltmeter, i-ohmmeter ne-ammeter.

Khetha idivayisi efanele                             

Ukuze uhlole amasekethe amafushane kumjikelezo kagesi, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa uhlobo olufanele lwe-multimeter. Ngenkathi wonke ama-multimeters angakwazi ukukala okwamanje, i-voltage, nokumelana, ama-multimeters asezingeni eliphezulu angenza eminye imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Ukuze uthole i-multimeter enemisebenzi eminingi, ingase ibe nokufundwa okwengeziwe, okunamathiselwe, nezindlela.

Hlola izici nemininingwane                        

Isibonisi esikhulu, i-knob yokukhetha, izimbobo kanye nama-probe yizingxenye eziyinhloko ze-multimeter yakho. Kodwa-ke, ama-multimeter e-analog angaphambili afaka ukudayela nenaliti esikhundleni sesibonisi sedijithali. Kungaba namachweba amane, ingxenye yawo ibomvu kanti enye imnyama. Ichweba elimnyama ngele-COM port kanti ezinye ezintathu ezokufunda nokulinganisa.

Bona izimbobo zedivayisi yakho

Ngenkathi imbobo emnyama isetshenziselwa ukuxhumana kwe-COM, amanye amachweba abomvu enza imisebenzi ehlukile. Amachweba alandelayo afakiwe:

• I-VΩ iyunithi yokulinganisa ukumelana, i-voltage, nokuhlola ukuqhubeka.
• I-µAmA iyunithi yokulinganisa yamanje kusekethi.
• I-10A - isetshenziselwa ukukala imisinga ukusuka ku-200 mA nangaphezulu.

Okubhalwe ngezansi kukhona ezinye izifundo neziqondiso zomkhiqizo ongazihlola;

• Indlela yokuhlola i-breaker circuit nge-multimeter
• Indlela yokunquma intambo engathathi hlangothi nge-multimeter
• i-multimeter engcono kakhulu

Izincomo

(1) ukwahlukanisa - https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/types-insulation

(2) ukwenza umlilo - https://www.rei.com/learn/expert-advice/campfire-basics.html