Izinjini ze-Chevrolet Niva

Ngokwesigaba seChevrolet Niva, ihlukaniswa njengemoto ehlanganisa yonke indawo. Izici ezinhle kakhulu zobuchwepheshe zikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise imoto cishe kunoma iyiphi, ngisho nezimo ezinzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, imodeli isithandwa kakhulu ezweni lakithi. Ake sibheke izici zale moto, kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinjini ezifakwe emotweni.

Imodeli

Imodeli entsha yaqala ukuboniswa eMoscow Motor Show ngo-1998, futhi kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ukuqaliswa kochungechunge kuzokwenzeka ngonyaka ofanayo. Kodwa inkinga ayizange ivumele umenzi ukuthi aqale ukukhiqiza. Ngenxa yalokho, umhlangano omncane waqala ngo-2001 kuphela, futhi ukukhiqizwa okuphelele kwaqala ngo-2002, ngemuva kokuhlela umsebenzi ohlangene noGeneral Motors.

Ekuqaleni kwakucatshangwa ukuthi lo modeli uzothatha indawo ye-Niva evamile, kodwa ekugcineni womabili amamodeli aqala ukukhiqizwa ngokuhambisana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Chevrolet Niva yathatha ingxenye ebiza kakhulu.

Ikhiqizwe ngaso sonke isikhathi esitshalweni saseTogliatti. Lena indawo eyisisekelo ye-AvtoVAZ. Izingxenye eziningi zikhiqizwa lapha. Injini ye-Z18XE kuphela esetshenziswe enguqulweni yokulungiswa kabusha kwemoto yayingeniswa phesheya. Isetshenziswe kuphela kuze kube ngu-2009. Le njini yakhiqizwa embonini yenjini iSzentgotthard.

Ukucaciswa kwenjini

Ekuqaleni, Chevrolet Niva ifakwe izinjini ezimbili, kuye ngokuthi ukuguqulwa - Z18XE futhi Vaz-2123. Ngemva restyling, kwasala injini yasekhaya Vaz-2123 kuphela. Kuthebula elingezansi ungabona izici eziyinhloko zalezi zinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi.

ukulinganisa	I-VAZ-2123	I-Z18XE
Ukufuduka kwenjini, ama-cubic cm	1690	1796
I-torque enkulu, N*m (kg*m) ku-rev. /min	127 (13)/4000 128 (13)/4000	165 (17)/4600 167 (17)/3800 170 (17)/3800
Amandla amakhulu, hp	80	122 - 125
Amandla aphezulu, i-hp (kW) ku-Rev. /min.	80 (59)/5000	122 (90)/5600 122 (90)/6000 125 (92)/3800 125 (92)/5600 125 (92)/6000
Amafutha asetshenzisiwe	Uphethiloli AI-92	Uphethiloli AI-92 Uphethiloli AI-95
Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, l / 100 km	10.09.2018	7.9 - 10.1
uhlobo lwenjini	Emgqeni, 4-isilinda	Emgqeni, 4-isilinda
Ububanzi besilinda, mm	82	80.5
Inani lama-valves kwisilinda ngasinye	2	4
Faka. imininingwane yenjini	umjovo wamafutha amaningi	umjovo wamafutha amaningi
Piston unhlangothi, mm	80	88.2
Isilinganiso sokucindezela	9.3	10.5
Ishaja enkulu	No	No
Ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 ku-g / km	238	185 - 211
Impilo yenjini eyinkulungwane km.	150-200	250-300

Abashayeli bavame ukuba nentshisekelo endaweni yenombolo yenjini. Manje akudingekile ukubhalisa imoto, kodwa ekusebenzeni kusafanele ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlola ukuhambisana kwayo. Ku-Z18XE kunzima ukuyithola, itholakala lapho kuphuma khona injini eduze no-gearbox. Kuqoshwe nge-laser engraving.

Ku-VAZ-2123 ukumaka kutholakala phakathi kwamasilinda 3 no-4. Ingabalwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga uma kunesidingo.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ngokuvamile inombolo ingaphansi kokugqwala. Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokuthenga imoto yesibili ngesandla, kunconywa ukuhlola izinga lepuleti lelayisense futhi, uma kunesidingo, lihlanze. Ukuze uvikele ukumaka, mane nje ugcobe indawo ngamafutha noma i-lithol.

Izici zokusebenza

Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside nokungenazinkinga kweyunithi yamandla, kufanele igcinwe ngokucophelela nangokufanele. Kubuye kunconywe ukuthi ungavumeli injini ukuthi isebenze ngezindlela ezeqisayo.

Okokuqala, ake sibheke injini ye-VAZ-2123, inguqulo eguquliwe yeyunithi yamandla efakwe ku-"Niva yakudala". Umehluko omkhulu umi kanje.

• Kukhona izinsimbi ezengeziwe zokufaka imishini eyengeziwe.
• Isihlungi sikawoyela asigoqwanga ngqo kubhulokhi, okwakujwayelekile kuzo zonke izinjini ze-VAZ, kodwa kunokufakwa okuphakathi. Lokhu kufaka kubizwa ngokuthi ubakaki wepompo kawoyela. Iphampu yokuqondisa amandla nayo ixhunywe kuyo.
• Ikhanda lesilinda lishintshiwe kancane. Yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwe-INA hydraulic supports.
• Kusetshenziswe iphampu entsha, ibhalwe ukuthi 2123. Umehluko omkhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-roller bear esikhundleni sokuthwala ibhola.
• I-pan isishintshiwe, u-gearbox we-axle wangaphambili awusaxhunywanga kuwo.
• Isitimela sikaphethiloli esisetshenzisiwe yi-2123-1144010-11.

Injini ye-Z18XE yayisetshenziswa kabanzi kumamodeli ezimoto ahlukahlukene. Kukhona izinguquko ezimbalwa zeyunithi yamandla. Ifakwe kuChevrolet Niva, ibinezici ezilandelayo.

• I-throttle ye-elekthronikhi. Lokhu kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuphatha ngempumelelo ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli.
• Ama-lambda probe amabili akhelwe endaweni eningi entsha yokudla.

Umphumela waba injini yokuqala enezilungiselelo ezithakazelisayo. Ngenxa yezilungiselelo, kungenzeka ukufeza ukuhlukahluka kwamandla kanye nokuphendula kwe-throttle.

Isevisi

Ukufeza impilo yesevisi ephezulu, kubalulekile ukugcina kahle injini. Okokuqala, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukubaluleka kokushintshwa kwamafutha enjini ngesikhathi. Kunconywa ukwenza lo msebenzi kanye njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-15. Njalo esikhundleni sesibili kufanele kuhlanganiswe nokugeza. Lesi sincomo sisebenza kuzo zombili izinjini.

Kuyafaneleka futhi ukukhetha amafutha afanele. Injini ye-Z18XE kufanele igcwaliswe kuphela ngama-synthetics; izinketho ezinhle kakhulu kungaba:

• 0W-30;
• 0W-40;
• 5W-30;
• 5W-40;
• 5W-50;
• 10W-40;
• 15W-40.

Izodinga cishe amalitha angu-4,5.

Injini ye-VAZ-2123 igcwele amalitha angu-3,75 wokuthambisa, futhi lapha kungaba kuhle ukusebenzisa ama-synthetics. Kweminye imingcele, ungasebenzisa amafutha afanayo nenjini echazwe ngenhla.

Injini ye-VAZ-2123 ine-timing chain drive. Mayelana nalokhu, ishintsha kuyaqabukela. Isilinganiso sempilo yesevisi phakathi kokushintshwa singamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-150. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umenzi akalawuli isikhathi sokushintshwa. Konke kunqunywa izimpawu zenkinga, okokuqala sikhuluma ngokwanda komsindo wenjini, ikakhulukazi uma iphakamisa noma yehlisa isivinini.

I-Z18XE motor ishayelwa ibhande. Ngokusho kokucaciswa komkhiqizi, kufanele kushintshwe kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-60. Futhi ngokusho kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabathandi bezimoto, kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngemuva kwezinkulungwane ezingama-45-50, njengoba kunengozi yokuphuka. Kulokhu, uzothola ama-valve agobile.

Amaphutha

Ngokuvamile, abashayeli bakhononda ngekhwalithi nokuthembeka kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi ye-Chevrolet Niva. Eqinisweni, kunezinkinga ezimbalwa lapha, futhi okokuqala sikhuluma ngamaphutha obuchwepheshe. Kwashiwo ngaphambili ukuthi abashayeli bangase babhekane nebhande eliphukile ku-Z18XE, futhi kulokhu, kuzoba nama-valve agobile. Lokhu kuholela ngokucacile esidingweni sokulungiswa okukhulu.

I-timing chain drive, efakwe iyunithi yamandla asekhaya, nayo ingadala izinkinga. Kukhona i-hydraulic tensioner efakwe lapho; ingahluleka kakade kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-50. Uma ungakunaki lokhu ngesikhathi esifanele, iketango liyagxuma. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, sithola ama-valve awonakele.

Futhi ku-VAZ-2123, izinxephezelo ze-hydraulic zingase zehluleke. Lokhu kuholela ekushayeni kwe-valve nokwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Enye inkinga ejwayelekile yezinjini zaseRussia ukuvuza njalo. Amafutha angaphuma ngaphansi kwanoma yimaphi ama-gaskets, okungekuhle kakhulu.

Zombili izinjini zinenkinga evamile ngamamojula wokuthungela. Ngokuvamile behluleka at a mileage 100-120 ayizinkulungwane. Uphawu lokuqala lokonakala lungabizwa ngokuthi ukukhubeka kwenjini.

Injini ye-Z18XE ibonakala ngokuhluleka kweyunithi yokulawula. Ngokuvamile kulokhu kuphakama izinkinga eziningi ekusebenzeni kwemoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ECU ingase ikhiqize amaphutha ezinzwa ezahlukene, futhi azoshintsha ngemva kokusetha kabusha ngakunye. Omakhenikha abangenalwazi bavame ukungena kuyo yonke injini kuze kube yilapho bethola imbangela yangempela yokuphuka. Isivinini esintantayo singase senzeke, ikakhulukazi ngesivinini esiphansi, isizathu ukungcoliswa kwe-throttle valve.

Amathuba okushuna

I-chip tuning ingasetshenziswa kuzo zombili izinjini. Kulokhu, ngokukhanyisa kabusha ungathola i-15-20 hp eyengeziwe. Ububi obukhulu bokuguqulwa okunjalo ukuncipha kwempilo yenjini. Isizathu amapharamitha ashintshiwe lapho izingxenye zenjini evuthayo zangaphakathi zingakhelwanga. Inzuzo eyinhloko ye-chipping yikhono lokumisa izinkomba ezahlukene kuye ngezidingo zakho. Isibonelo, unganyusa noma wehlise ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, noma ushintshe amandla. Lena indlela engabizi futhi elula etholakala kubathandi bezimoto.

Enjinini ye-Z18XE, inketho enhle ukufaka esikhundleni se-manifold exhaust. Kungaba kuhle kakhulu ukufaka isistimu yokukhipha umoya ogeleza ngokuqondile. Lapha uzodinga futhi ukushintsha izilungiselelo ze-ECU ukuze iyunithi ingakhiqizi iphutha le-catalyst.

Injini ye-Z18XE ayiphenduli ngokuqinile ekushintsheni kwe-camshaft kanye nesilinda esiyisicefe. Umsebenzi uyabiza, futhi awuniki cishe ukwanda kwamandla. Ochwepheshe bokushuna abancomi ukwenza izinguquko ezinjalo kule yunithi.

I-VAZ-2123 ingcono kakhulu ekushintsheni izingxenye. Ukufaka i-crankshaft enezingalo ezimfushane kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunciphisa ukushaywa kwepiston. Uma wengeza izinti zokuxhuma ezifushanisiwe kulokhu kuguqulwa, ungakwazi ukwandisa ivolumu ibe amalitha angu-1,9. Amandla esikhungo samandla azokhula ngokufanele.

Ku-VAZ-2123 ungakwazi ukuzala ama-cylinder liners ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ubukhulu be-block block buvumela ukuthinta okunjalo kokuqeda ukuthi kwenziwe ngaphandle kwemiphumela engathandeki. Kuyatuswa futhi ukubhoboza ama-valve bese ufaka amanye avela kunguqulo ye-sport yenjini. Konke lokhu kunikeza ukungezwa okuhle emandleni eyunithi yamandla.

Kwesinye isikhathi abashayeli banikezwa ukuthi bafake i-turbine engafakiwe njengokujwayelekile. Lapha udinga ukubheka injini esemotweni yakho. Uma i-VAZ-2123 ifakiwe, i-turbine ingafakwa futhi kufanele ifakwe. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuphinde kwenyuse namandla cishe ngo-30%. Uma i-Z18XE isetshenziswa, asikho isidingo sokufaka i-turbine. Lokhu kuguqulwa akusebenzi kakhulu, futhi futhi kubiza kakhulu. Kusebenza kahle kakhulu futhi kuthembekile ukwenza ukushintshaniswa kwenjini.

SHINTSHA

Enye yezinhlobo ezidumile zokushuna i-SWAP. Kulokhu, injini engasebenzi kahle imane ithathelwe indawo enye, efaneleke kakhulu. Kunezinketho eziningi zokuguqulwa okunjalo. Okokuqala, kufanele unqume ukuthi yini oyidingayo nokuthi iyiphi injini esezingeni. Uma une injini ye-VAZ efakiwe, ungazama ukufaka i-Z18XE, kulokhu uzothola ukwanda okungaba ngu-40 hp. futhi ngeke kudingeke ukuthi wenze kabusha noma yini nhlobo. Hhayi-ke, uma kushintshwa u-gearbox kuphela.

Futhi, ngokuvamile, abashayeli bafaka i-VAZ 21126, okuhloswe ngayo i-Priora. Ngenxa yalokho, uzothola insiza ende, kanye namandla akhuphuka kancane. Ukufaka, uzodinga ukuguqula i-multifold exhaust; ibekwe ku-gasket ewugqinsi engu-2-3 cm, khona-ke ibhulukwe ngeke lihlangane ne-spar.

Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi kwakuhlelwe ukukhulula inguqulo diesel "Chevrolet Niva". Bekufanele isebenzise injini eyakhiwe ngabakwaPeugeot - XUD 9 SD. Cishe ilungele i-Shniva. Ukuyifaka, akukho ukuguqulwa okudingekayo nhlobo, ukukhanya kwe-ECU kuphela, ngemva kwakho konke, injini ingudizili.

Ezimotweni ezine-Z18XE, izincomo ezifanayo zifanelekile njengeyunithi yeVAZ. Okuwukuphela kwesexwayiso yi-turbocharging. Iqiniso wukuthi le njini ekuqaleni yayihloselwe futhi isetshenziswa kwa-Opel. Ezimotweni zaseJalimane kwakukhona inketho ene-turbine. Ngakho ungayifaka, ukwandisa amandla enjini nokuphendula kwe-throttle. Azikho izinguquko ezizodingeka ngaphandle kokulungisa okwengeziwe kwe-ECU.

Inketho evame kakhulu

Ngokuvamile emigwaqweni yethu kukhona Chevrolet Nivas nge injini Vaz-2123. Isizathu silula: inguqulo enenjini ye-Opel ayizange ikhiqizwe kusukela ngo-2009. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, injini ye-VAZ icishe ithathe indawo yayo ngokuphelele emkhunjini wezimoto.

Yikuphi ukuguqulwa okungcono

Akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokungananazi ukuthi iyiphi injini ethembeke kakhulu futhi engcono. Okuningi kuncike ekutheni uyisebenzisa kanjani imoto. Ezimweni zasemadolobheni, i-Z18XE ifaneleka kangcono; isebenza kangcono ku-asphalt. I-VAZ-2123 ine-revs ephansi, okuyinto enhle kakhulu ngaphandle komgwaqo.

Uma sicabangela ukwethembeka, zombili izimoto ziyawohloka. Kodwa i-Z18XE inamaphutha amancane kakhulu acekela phansi izimpilo zabathandi bezimoto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-VAZ-2123 iyaziwa ngezinkinga ezincane zokuvuza, ukwehluleka kwezinzwa nezinye iziphambeko.