Izinjini ze-FSI: ubuhle nobubi bezinjini ze-FSI

Ezimotweni zamanje ezinamasondo amane, lezo zimodeli ezifakwe uphethiloli onomjovo oqondile ziyathandwa kakhulu. Namuhla, kunezinguquko eziningi ezahlukahlukene.

Ubuchwepheshe be-fsi buthathwa njengobuphambili kakhulu. Ake sazi kangcono: kuyini izici zayo nokuthi ihluke kanjani kwi-analog yayo GDI?

Luyini uhlelo lwe-FSI injection?

Lokhu intuthuko eyethulwe abashayeli yiVolkswagen. Eqinisweni, lolu uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli olusebenza kumgomo ofanayo nokuguqulwa okufanayo kweJapan (okubizwa nge-gdi) okuye kwaba khona isikhathi eside. Kepha, njengabamele isiqiniseko sokukhathazeka, i-TS isebenza ngokuya ngomgomo ohlukile.

Injini, enelebula le-FSI esivalweni, ifakwe imijovo kaphethiloli efakwe eduze kwama-spark plugs - ekhanda lesilinda uqobo lwayo. Uphethiloli ufakwa ngqo embotsheni yesilinda esisebenzayo, yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi "ngqo".

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-analogue evelayo ukuthi unjiniyela ngamunye wenkampani wasebenza ukuqeda ukushiyeka kohlelo lwaseJapan. Ngenxa yalokhu, imoto efanayo kakhulu, kepha eshintshwe kancane yavela emhlabeni wezimoto, lapho uphethiloli uxubene nomoya ngqo egumbini lesilinda.

Zisebenza kanjani izinjini ze-FSI

Umkhiqizi wahlukanisa lonke uhlelo lwaba amasekethe ama-2. Kakhulu uphethiloli unikezwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephansi. Ifinyelela empompini kaphethiloli onamandla futhi iqoqane kujantshi. Iphampu ephezulu yengcindezi ilandelwa yisifunda lapho kwenziwa khona umfutho ophakeme.

Esifundeni sokuqala, kufakwa iphampu yengcindezi ephansi (imvamisa ethangini likaphethiloli), inzwa elungisa ingcindezi esifundeni, kanye nesihlungi sikaphethiloli.

Zonke izakhi eziyinhloko zilandela iphampu yomjovo. Lo mshini ugcina ikhanda elihlala njalo, eliqinisekisa ukujova okuzinzile kukaphethiloli. Iyunithi yokulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi ithola idatha kusuka kunzwa yengcindezi ephansi futhi isebenze iphampu enkulu kaphethiloli ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli wesitimela sikaphethiloli.

Uphethiloli onomfutho ophakeme usesitimeleni, lapho kuxhunywa khona umjovo ohlukile wesilinda ngasinye. Enye inzwa ifakwe esifundeni, esidlulisa amasiginali ku-ECU. I-elekthronikhi yenza kusebenze ukushayela kwepompo yesitimela sikaphethiloli, esebenza njengebhethri.

Ukuvimbela izingxenye ukuthi zingadubuki kumfutho, kukhona i-valve ekhethekile kujantshi (uma uhlelo lukaphethiloli lungafakwanga ukugeleza okubuyayo, lusetankini uqobo), olususa ingcindezi eyeqile. I-elekthronikhi isabalalisa ukusebenza kwama-injektha kuye ngokuthi yikuphi ukushaywa okwenziwa kumasilinda.

Ama-piston amayunithi anjalo azoba nomklamo okhethekile oqinisekisa ukwakhiwa kwama-vortices emgodini. Lo mphumela uvumela umoya ukuthi uhlangane kangcono nophethiloli one-atomized.

Okucacile kwalokhu kuguqulwa ukuthi kuvumela:

• Khulisa amandla wenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi;
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngenxa yokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli okugxile kakhudlwana;
• Nciphisa ukungcola, njengoba i-BTC isha kahle, okwenza i-catalyst ibe ngcono ekwenzeni umsebenzi wayo.

Ingcindezi High futha kaphethiloli

Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zalolu hlobo lwe-fuel system yipompo, edala ingcindezi enkulu esifundeni. Ngenkathi injini isebenza, le nto izofaka uphethiloli kusifunda, ngoba inokuxhumana okuqinile ku-camshaft. Imininingwane eminingi mayelana nezici zokuklanywa kwendlela ichaziwe ngokwehlukana.

Ukucindezela okunamandla esifundeni kuyadingeka ngesizathu sokuthi uphethiloli awunikezwanga ezininginingi zokudla, njengakwi-mono injection noma ngokunikezwa kukaphethiloli okwabiwayo, kepha kumasilinda ngokwawo. Isimiso sicishe sifane nokuthi isebenza kanjani injini kadizili.

Ukuze ingxenye ingangeni kuphela egumbini lomlilo, kepha ukufafaza, ingcindezi yesekethe kufanele ibe phezulu kakhulu kunenkomba yokuminyanisa. Ngalesi sizathu, abenzi abakwazi ukusebenzisa amaphampu ajwayelekile kaphethiloli, acindezela kuphela kuze kube yingxenye yomkhathi.

Imijikelezo yokusebenza kwepompo yomjovo we-FSI

Ukuze idivaysi isebenze kahle, inikeze ingcindezi ezinzile, imoto kufanele ifakwe i-plunger pump modification. Yini i-plunger nokuthi isebenza kanjani ichazwa ngokubuyekezwa okuhlukile.

Konke ukusebenza kwepompo kungahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

1. Ukudonswa kukaphethiloli. I-plunger elayishwe entwasahlobo yehliswa ukuvula i-valve yokudonsa. Uphethiloli uvela esifundeni esinengcindezi ephansi;
2. Ukwakhiwa kwengcindezi. Umunwe we-plunger uhambela phezulu. I-valve yokufaka iyavala, futhi ngenxa yengcindezi eyenziwe, kuvuleka i-valve, lapho uphethiloli ugelezela khona esifundeni sesitimela;
3. Ukulawulwa kwengcindezi. Kwimodi ejwayelekile, i-valve ihlala ingasebenzi. Ngokushesha nje lapho umfutho kaphethiloli usuba ngokweqile, iyunithi yokulawula iphendula isignali yenzwa futhi isebenze i-valve yokulahla, efakwe eduze kwepompo yomjovo (uma uhlelo lunokubuya okubuyayo). Ugesi oweqile ubuyiselwa ethangini likaphethiloli.

Umehluko phakathi kwezinjini ze-FSI ezivela ku-TSI, GDI nabanye

Ngakho-ke, umgomo wohlelo ucacile. Pho-ke, yehluke kanjani kokufanisayo ukuthi yayibizwa nge-fsi? Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi isebenzisa umbhobho ovamile, i-atomizer yayo engakhi i-vortex ngaphakathi kwegumbi.

Futhi, lolu hlelo lusebenzisa ukwakheka kwepompo yomjovo okulula kunaleyo ye-gdi. Esinye isici isimo esingajwayelekile somqhele we-piston. Lokhu kuguqulwa kunikezela ngamafutha ahlukanisiwe, "egqinsiwe". Ekuqaleni, kujovwa ingxenye encane kaphethiloli, kuthi ekugcineni kwesifo sokucindezelwa kufakwe yonke ingxenye ebekiwe.

Okukhulu "ukuqaqamba" kwezinjini ezinjalo, njengalezo zamaJapane afanayo, amaJalimane nezinye, ukuthi imibhobho yabo ivame ukuba yi-coke. Imvamisa ukusetshenziswa kwezithasiselo kuzobambezela isidingo sokuhlanzwa okubizayo noma ukushintshwa kwalezi zingxenye kancane, kepha ngenxa yalesi sizathu abanye abantu bayenqaba ukuthenga lezo zimoto.

Imikhiqizo yezimoto ze-FSI

Njengoba umkhiqizi ngamunye enika igama lakhe kulolu hlelo, ecacisa ukuthi onjiniyela babo bakwazile ukudala umjovo oqondile "ongenazinkinga", ingqikithi ihlala injalo ngaphandle komehluko omncane wokuklama.

Ama-motors ohlobo lwe-FSI angumqondo wokukhathazeka nge-VAG. Ngalesi sizathu, amamodeli akhiqizwa yilolu hlobo azohlonyiswa ngawo. Ungafunda ngokuthi yiziphi izinkampani eziyingxenye yokukhathazeka lapha... Ngamafuphi, ngaphansi kwesikhwama se-VW, iSkoda, isihlalo kanye ne-Audi ungazithola nakanjani izingxenye zamandla anjalo.

Nasi isibuyekezo esifushane sevidiyo sezilonda ezivame kakhulu zenye yamayunithi ezinkinga:

Injini ye-FSI eyiqale konke. Izinkinga nobubi benjini ye-1.6 FSI (BAG).

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yini i-FSI ne-TSI? I-TSI iyinjini evuthayo yangaphakathi ene-double charger ene-stratified injection fuel system. I-FSI iyinjini enamasistimu kaphethiloli amabili alandelanayo (isifunda somfutho ophansi nophezulu) ene-atomization kaphethiloli kusilinda.

Iyiphi injini ye-TSI noma ye-FSI ehamba phambili? Umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinjini uma kukhona i-turbocharging kuphela. Injini yophethiloli izodla uphethiloli omncane, kodwa ibe namandla engeziwe kanye nezindleko zokuyilungisa eziphakeme.