uketshezi emotweni. Yiziphi uketshezi okufanele zihlale zithelwa emotweni?
Okuqukethwe
Uketshezi esilugcwalisa emotweni
Lapho kukhulunywa ngokugcotshwa kwe-drive, mhlawumbe kwafika uwoyela engqondweni. Futhi akumangalisi, ngoba ibalulekile futhi iyadingeka ekusebenzeni kwenjini. Lokhu akuphathelene nokusebenza okulungile, kodwa ngokujwayelekile mayelana nokwenzeka kokusebenza. Ngaphandle kwale ndawo, injini izolimala ngendlela engenakulungiseka ngemva nje kokuqala. Izinga lamafutha liyahlolwa ku-dipstick, ekugcineni okutholakala ku-cylinder block. Ngokuyisisekelo, kunezinhlobo ezi-3 zalolu hlobo loketshezi emotweni:
- amaminerali;
- ama-semi-synthetics;
- zokwenziwa.
Izici zamafutha enjini
Eyokuqala yalokhu yasetshenziswa ezinjini ezakhiwe ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule. Uketshezi olusemotweni bekufanele lufane nezinga lokuqina kweyunithi, futhi uwoyela wamaminerali awugqinsi futhi ulungele ukudala ifilimu kawoyela emiklameni emidala. Iwusizo nasezimotweni ezintsha amayunithi azo aqala ukusebenzisa uwoyela omningi.
Imiklamo emisha kancane isebenzisa uwoyela we-semi-synthetic. Zisekelwe endaweni yamaminerali futhi ziqukethe inani elincane lezithasiselo zokwenziwa. Lezi zinhlobo zoketshezi lwezimoto ziyindlela ehlukile kuwoyela wokwenziwa ngenxa yokuthambisa kancane kanye nentengo ephansi.
Uhlobo lokugcina loketshezi emotweni yalolu hlobo amafutha okwenziwa. Zingasebenza emazingeni okushisa enjini aphezulu kuyilapho zinikeza ukuthambisa okwanele. Ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo, ama-synthetics asetshenziswayo njengamanje awaqoqi enjini ngendlela yomsizi ngokwezinga amanye amafutha enza ngayo. Uketshezi olusemotweni olugcoba uphiko kufanele lushintshwe njalo ngemva kwebanga lika-15 000 km noma kanye ngonyaka. Ukushintsha uwoyela kwenziwa ngokuwukhipha ngembobo ekhethekile epanini likawoyela bese ugcwalisa uwoyela omusha ngepulaki eseduze nesembozo se-valve. Inegama lekani likawoyela elinethonsi loketshezi.
Amapholisa emotweni
Esinye isigaba esibaluleke ngokufanayo samanzi esiwagcwalisa emotweni ama-coolants. Vele zisetshenziswa ezimotweni ezipholiswe wuketshezi kodwa isibalo sazo sikhulu uma siqhathaniswa nezimoto ezipholiswa ngomoya. Uketshezi lwezimoto lwalesi sigaba lugcwalisa isifunda, esingavumeli kuphela ukugcina izinga lokushisa eliqhubekayo leyunithi, kodwa futhi nokushisa ingaphakathi lemoto ngenxa yokugeleza komoya. Emotweni, into epholile kufanele ihlolwe njalo, ilinganise inani layo ngokusekelwe ezingeni elibonakalayo ethangini lokunweba. Imvamisa ikhombisa ubuncane kanye namazinga aphezulu oketshezi.
Imikhondo ye-fluid emotweni
Ukuqokwa kwezinto ezipholile emotweni kungahluka kuye ngomkhiqizi. Nokho, imvamisa, isivalo sokugcwalisa sinophawu lwethermometer kanye nesithombe soketshezi oluhwamukayo, unxantathu one-thermometer ngaphakathi, noma umcibisholo onemigqa ebonisa uketshezi olushisayo ngaphansi. Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi izinga lokupholisa eliphansi kakhulu lingaholela ekushiseni ngokweqile kweyunithi yokushayela. Uma ubona ukulahleka kwalolu ketshezi, kungase kubonise ukuvuza kwamapayipi, irediyetha, noma i-gasket yekhanda le-cylinder eyonakele.
Amabhuleki uketshezi
Lolu hlobo loketshezi olusemotweni lugcwalisa uhlelo lwamabhuleki futhi lunesibopho sokuyicindezela ukuthi ishayele ama-caliper pistons. Ngokuvamile inani elifanele lilingana ne-1 litre, kuye ngemoto. Ezimweni eziningi, uketshezi olufanayo lwezimoto lulawula ukusebenza kwe-clutch pedal, ngakho-ke ukuvuza ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic kungaholela ekushintsheni okunzima. Isimo se-brake fluid emotweni sibhekwa esikalini sethangi lokunweba. Umbala wayo uvame ukuba yingxube ensundu nephuzi. Uma iba mpunga, sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha.
Amafutha ku-gearbox
Kuye ngemodeli yemoto, kungase kudingeke ukushintsha njalo uketshezi emotweni ngezindawo zokugcoba ngesikhathi se-40-60 km. amakhilomitha. Izincomo zabakhi zingahluka kakhulu ngenxa yohlobo luka-gearbox. Imishini ezenzakalelayo idinga ukushintshwa njalo kwalolu hlobo loketshezi lwezimoto kusetshenziswa imikhiqizo ekhethekile. Ekuhanjisweni kwezandla, ngokuvamile kungenzeka kuphela ukugcwalisa uwoyela, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuwushintsha. Ukulahleka kwalolu ketshezi kuholela ekugxumeni kokudluliselwa, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ekubhujisweni kwalo.
Njengoba ubona, ziningi izinto eziwuketshezi esizigcwalisa emotweni. Ngaphezu kwalezi ezibalwe ngenhla, lezi yizi: uketshezi lwewashi lomshini womoya kanye noketshezi olushayelayo lwamandla. Isimo sabo kufanele sihlolwe njalo futhi sigcinwe ezingeni labo. Ngale ndlela, ungakwazi ukunweba ngempumelelo impilo yemoto ngaphandle kokubhekana nezinkinga ezinkulu. Ukuvuza okukodwa koketshezi lwezimoto okuchazwe ngokuvamile kusho ukuqala kwezinkinga ngemoto.
