Ingabe ibhethri lishajiwe ngenkathi injini isamile?
Naphezu kokuthi isakhiwo semoto kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwamayunithi athile afundwa ngokuningiliziwe esikoleni sokushayela, abashayeli abaningi banesithakazelo emibuzweni engaphendulwa kuphela ngokuvuma. Umbuzo owodwa onjalo uthi, ingabe ibhethri liyashaja uma injini ingasebenzi? Impendulo izoba sobala - ukushaja. Kodwa-ke, uma uphenya kancane ohlangothini lwezobuchwepheshe lwendaba, ungathola izici eziningi.
Idling kanye nomgomo wokusebenza kwejeneretha
Idling - leli yigama lemodi ekhethekile yokusebenza kwenjini, lapho i-crankshaft nazo zonke izingxenye ezihlobene zisebenza, kodwa umzuzu wokunyakaza awudluliswanga kumasondo. Okusho ukuthi imoto imile. Idling iyadingeka ukufudumala injini kanye nazo zonke ezinye izinhlelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasetshenziswa futhi ukushajwa kabusha ibhethri, edla amandla amaningi ukuqalisa injini.
Kungosi yethu ye-vodi.su, sinake kakhulu izakhi zemishini kagesi yemoto, okuhlanganisa i-generator nebhethri, ngakho-ke ngeke siphinde sihlale encazelweni yabo. Imisebenzi esemqoka yebhethri ifihliwe egameni layo - ukuqoqwa (ukuqoqwa) kweshaja kagesi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwabanye babathengi lapho imoto imile - i-alamu yokulwa nobugebengu, iyunithi yokulawula kagesi, izihlalo ezishisayo noma amafasitela angemuva, nokunye.
Imisebenzi esemqoka eyenziwa yi-generator:
- ukuguqula amandla ajikelezayo e-crankshaft abe ugesi;
- ukushaja ibhethri lemoto ngenkathi ungenzi lutho noma ushayela imoto;
- ukunikezwa kwamandla omthengi - uhlelo lokuthungela, isilayidi sikagwayi, izinhlelo zokuxilonga, i-ECU, njll.
Ugesi ku-generator ukhiqizwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imoto ihamba noma imile. Ngokwesakhiwo, i-pulley ye-generator ixhunywe nge-belt drive ku-crankshaft. Ngakho-ke, ngokushesha nje lapho i-crankshaft iqala ukujikeleza, isikhathi sokuhamba ngebhande sidluliselwa ku-armature ye-generator futhi amandla kagesi akhiqizwa.
Ukushaja ibhethri uma ingenzi lutho
Ngenxa ye-voltage regulator, i-voltage kumatheminali e-generator igcinwa ezingeni eliqhubekayo, elikhonjiswe emiyalweni yedivayisi nakulebula. Njengomthetho, lokhu kungu-14 volts. Uma i-generator isesimweni esingalungile futhi isilawuli se-voltage sihluleka, i-voltage ekhiqizwa yi-generator ingashintsha kakhulu - yehle noma ikhule. Uma iphansi kakhulu, ibhethri ngeke likwazi ukushajwa. Uma idlula umkhawulo ovunyelwe, i-electrolyte izoqala ukubilisa ngisho nalapho ingenzi lutho. Kukhona futhi ingozi enkulu yokwehluleka kwamafuse, ama-electronics ayinkimbinkimbi nabo bonke abathengi abaxhunywe kumjikelezo wezimoto.
Ngaphezu kwe-voltage ehlinzekwa yi-generator, amandla amanje nawo abalulekile. Futhi kuncike ngokuqondile ngesivinini sokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft. Ukuze uthole imodeli ethile, umthamo wamanje ukhishwa ngesivinini esiphezulu sokujikeleza - 2500-5000 rpm. Ijubane lokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft ngokungenzi lutho lisuka ku-800 kuye ku-2000 rpm. Ngakho-ke, amandla amanje azokwehla ngamaphesenti angama-25-50.
Kusuka lapha sifika esiphethweni sokuthi uma umsebenzi wakho uwukushaja kabusha ibhethri uma lingenzi lutho, kubalulekile ukucisha abathengi bakagesi ongadingeki njengamanje ukuze ukushaja kwenzeke ngokushesha. Kumodeli ngayinye yejeneretha, kunamathebula anemininingwane anemingcele efana isici sesivinini esihle se-alternator yezimoto (I-TLC). I-TLC ithathwa ngezitendi ezikhethekile futhi ngokwezibalo, i-ampere ekhona ngokungenzi lutho kumamodeli amaningi ingamaphesenti angama-50 yenani elilinganiselwe emithwalweni ephezulu. Leli nani kufanele libe ngokwanele ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwezinhlelo ezibalulekile zemoto nokushajwa kabusha kwebhethri.
okutholakele
Kusuka kukho konke okungenhla, siphetha ngokuthi noma singenzi lutho, ibhethri liyashaja. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungenzeka uma zonke izakhi zenethiwekhi kagesi zisebenza ngokujwayelekile, akukho ukuvuza kwamanje, ibhethri nejeneretha zisesimweni esihle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokufanelekile, uhlelo luklanywe ngendlela yokuthi ingxenye yamanje evela kujeneretha iya ebhethrini ukunxephezela ama-ampere asetshenziswe ekuqaleni kwamanje.
Ngokushesha nje lapho ibhethri selishajelwe ezingeni elifunekayo, isilawuli-relay siyaqaliswa, esivala ukunikezwa kwamanje ebhethrini lokuqala. Uma, ngasizathu simbe, ukushaja kungenzeki, ibhethri iqala ukuphuma ngokushesha noma, ngokuphambene, i-electrolyte ibilisa, kuyadingeka ukuxilonga lonke uhlelo lokusebenza kwezingxenye, ngokuba khona kwesifunda esifushane endaweni. ama-winding noma ukuvuza kwamanje.
Iyalayisha...
