Ungahlola kanjani ukuvuza kwamanje emotweni nge-multimeter? Ividiyo
Wonke umshayeli uyasazi isimo sebhethri elichithiwe. Izolo kuphela ikhokhiswe ngosizo lweshaja ezenzakalelayo, futhi kusukela ekuseni kakhulu ibhethri yenqaba ukuvula isiqalisi. Kungaba nezizathu ezimbalwa zale nkinga:
- ukungabi nangqondo - bakhohlwe ukucisha omunye wabasebenzisi bakagesi;
- ukuxhumana okungalungile kwabathengi - abacimi ngemuva kokukhipha ukhiye ekushiseni nokucisha injini;
- kuxhunywe amadivaysi amaningi angeziwe, okuhlanganisa nesistimu ye-alamu, enganikezwanga izici zemoto nomthamo webhethri;
- ukuzikhipha kwebhethri ngenxa yokuguga nokuncipha kwendawo esetshenziswayo yamapuleti okuhola.
Uma kungekho kulokhu okungenhla okulungile esimweni sakho, khona-ke kunesizathu esisodwa kuphela esisele - ukuvuza kwamanje.
Kungani ukuvuza kwamanje kwenzeka?
Okokuqala, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi ukuvuza kwecala kuhlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili:
- evamile, yemvelo;
- enesici.
Ibhethri lihlale likhokhisa abathengi ngisho nalapho bephumule (anti-theft, computer). Futhi, ukulahlekelwa kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu zomzimba nje ngenxa yomehluko ongaba khona. Akukho okungenziwa mayelana nalokhu kulahlekelwa. Okusho ukuthi, kufanele nje uvumelane neqiniso lokuthi i-alamu isebenza ubusuku bonke, ikhipha ibhethri kancane kancane.
Ukulahlekelwa okunesici kwenzeka ngenxa yezinkinga ezihlukahlukene ngaphandle kwalezi ezibalwe ngenhla:
- ukulungiswa okungalungile kwamatheminali kuma-electrode ebhethri ngenxa yokungcola kanye ne-oxidation;
- isifunda esifushane phakathi kokujika kokujika kumamotho kagesi wemishini ehlukahlukene exhunyiwe - fan, generator, starter;
- noma yiziphi izinto zikagesi azisebenzi;
- futhi, ukuxhumana okungalungile kwemishini ngqo ebhethrini, futhi hhayi kuphaneli yensimbi ngokusebenzisa iswishi yokuvutha.
Ukukhishwa kwebhethri okungokwemvelo akuthinti umthamo kanye nesimo sobuchwepheshe. Ngakho-ke, imoto enezinto zikagesi ezisebenzisekayo kanye nezikimu zokuxhuma umthengi ezifanele ingama ingenzi lutho izinsuku ezimbalwa. Kulokhu, ukuzikhipha ngokwakho kuzoba kuncane. Uma ukuvuza kubi ngempela, amahora ambalwa azokwanela ukuthi ibhethri likhishwe ngokuphelele.
Inkinga ibuye ibhebhethekiswe yiqiniso, njengoba sike sabhala esihlokweni esithi vodi.su, ukuthi ezimeni zasemadolobheni i-generator ayinaso isikhathi sokukhiqiza ugesi owanele ukushaja ibhethri yokuqala kumaphesenti angu-100.
Ukukhishwa kwebhethri okujulile kuyimbangela evamile yezikhalazo
Ngokusho kwabathengisi bezimoto ezithengisa izimoto, esinye sezizathu ezivame kakhulu zokubuyisela ibhethri esikhalazweni ukuphuma ngokushesha kwebhethri kanye nokuba khona kwengubo emhlophe ku-electrolyte, ngenxa yalokho ilahlekelwa ukukhanya futhi ibe namafu. Njengoba sibhale ngaphambili, leli cala ngeke liqinisekiswe, ngoba ibhethri ayisebenzi ngenxa yephutha lomnikazi. Lolu phawu - i-electrolyte eguquguqukayo enokungcola okumhlophe - kukhombisa ukuthi ibhethri selikhishwe ngokujulile ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ngokufanelekile, ukuvuza kwamanje kungenye yezimbangela zokuphuma kwebhethri.
I-Sulfation, okungukuthi, inqubo yokwakhiwa kwamakristalu amhlophe e-lead sulfate, umphumela wemvelo ngokuphelele wokukhishwa. Kodwa uma ibhethri lisebenza ngokujwayelekile futhi likhishwa ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo eyamukelekayo, amakristalu awakhuli abe osayizi abakhulu futhi anesikhathi sokuncibilika. Uma ibhethri lihlala likhishwa, khona-ke lawa makristalu ahlala emapuletini, awavale, okunciphisa umthamo.
Ngakho, ukuba khona ukuvuza imisinga ngaphezu evamile kuzoholela eqinisweni lokuthi kuzodingeka njalo ukushintsha ibhethri. Futhi into ayishibhile. Ngakho-ke, sincoma ukuthi ubheke ngokushesha ukuwohloka usebenzisa izindlela ezilula zakudala. Noma uye esiteshini sesevisi, lapho osebenza ngogesi wezimoto ezofaka khona ngokushesha futhi alungise ukuvuza.
Ukuhlolwa kokuvuza
Ukusebenza okulula kuzokuvumela ukuthi usungule iqiniso lokuba khona kokulahlekelwa kwamanje ngokujwayelekile, ngaphandle kokuboshwa emshinini othize kagesi.
Nazi izinyathelo eziyisisekelo:
- sicisha injini;
- sithatha umhloli bese sidlulisela kumodi ye-ammeter ye-DC;
- silahla ukuphela kwe-negative yebhethri yesiqalisi;
- sisebenzisa i-probe emnyama yesihloli kutheminali ekhishiwe, futhi i-probe ebomvu ku-electrode yebhethri engalungile;
- isibonisi sibonisa ukuvuza kwamanje.
Ungenza futhi ngohlelo oluhlukile: khipha itheminali ephozithivu ebhethrini bese uxhuma uphenyo lwe-ammeter olunegethivu kuyo, kanye nephozithivu kutheminali yebhethri. Ngenxa yalokho, kwakhiwa isifunda esivulekile futhi sithola ithuba lokukala ukuvuza kwamanje.
Ngokufanelekile, uma konke kusebenza kahle futhi ngaphandle kokwehluleka, inani lokulahlekelwa kwemvelo, kuye ngokuthi umthamo webhethri, akufanele lidlule ama-milliamps angu-0,15-0,75. Uma une-75 efakiwe, khona-ke lokhu kungu-0,75 mA, uma i-60 ingu-0,3-0,5 milliamp. Okusho ukuthi, kububanzi obusuka ku-0,1 ukuya kumaphesenti angu-1 womthamo webhethri. Endabeni yamazinga aphezulu, kuyadingeka ukubheka imbangela.
Ukuthola imbangela akuwona umsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Udinga ukwenza ngokulandelana okulandelayo, ushiye ama-ammeter probe exhunywe kutheminali yebhethri kanye netheminali ekhishiwe:
- susa isembozo se-fuse block;
- thatha i-fuse ngayinye ngokushintshana esisekelweni sayo;
- siqapha ukufundwa komhloli - uma zingashintshi ngemuva kokukhipha i-fuse eyodwa noma enye, khona-ke lo mugqa awuyona imbangela yokuvuza kwamanje;
- lapho, ngemva kokukhipha i-fuse, izinkomba ezisesibonisini se-multimeter zehla kakhulu kumanani okuvuza kwamanje kwamanje kule moto (0,03-0,7 mA), yile divayisi exhunywe kule fuse enesibopho ukulahlekelwa kwamandla.
Ngokuvamile, ngaphansi kwesembozo sepulasitiki sebhokisi le-fuse, kuboniswa ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye yomjikelezo kagesi wemoto lokhu noma leyo fuse enesibopho: ukushisa kwefasitela elingemuva, uhlelo lokulawula isimo sezulu, umsakazo, i-alamu, i-cigarette lighter, i-relay yokuxhumana, njalo njalo. Kunoma yikuphi, kuyadingeka ukuhlola umdwebo wesifunda kagesi kulo modeli wemoto, ngoba izakhi eziningana zingaxhunywa emgqeni owodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Uma umthengi obangela ukuvuza exhunywe nge-relay, i-relay kufanele ihlolwe. Isizathu esingaba khona - oxhumana nabo abavaliwe. Vala okwesikhashana idivayisi ebangela ukuvuza futhi ushintshe i-relay ibe entsha yohlobo olufanayo. Mhlawumbe ngale ndlela elula ungakwazi ukulungisa inkinga.
Okunzima kakhulu izimo lapho ukuvuza kwenzeka ngejeneretha noma isiqalisi. Futhi, ngeke kwenzeke ukuhlonza imbangela ngokususa ama-fuses uma i-current igeleza nge-insulation yocingo eyonakele. Kuzodingeka uphenye ngokuphelele zonke izintambo, noma uye kumuntu osebenza ngogesi onolwazi onempahla edingekayo.
Iyalayisha...
