Ukushintsha uwoyela ku-gearbox
Kunezingxenye nezingxenye zemoto abashayeli abaningi abangakaze bazizwe noma banombono ongacacile ngazo. U-gearbox ungenye yezindawo ezinjalo.
Igama elithi nciphisa lisho ukwehlisa, ukunciphisa. U-gearbox osemotweni uwumshini oklanyelwe ukukhulisa i-torque edluliswa isuka enjinini evuthayo iye emasondweni ngokunciphisa ijubane lokujikeleza. Ukuncishiswa kwejubane elijikelezayo kutholakala ngokusebenzisa ipheya lamagiya, lapho elihamba phambili linobukhulu obuncane namazinyo ambalwa kunalawo ashayelwayo. Ukusebenzisa u-gearbox kwehlisa umthwalo enjinini evuthayo ngaphakathi naku-gearbox.
В переднеприводных машинах редуктор, как правило, находится в одном корпусе с коробкой передач. Ведущая шестерня (3) получает вращающий момент от вторичного вала КПП, а ведомая (2) передает увеличенный момент на (4; 5).
inhloso yomehluko ukusabalalisa ukuzungezisa kuwo womabili ama-axle shafts (1) amasondo okushayela anenani elingenamthetho lama-angular velocities. Lokhu kuvumela amasondo e-ekseli efanayo ukuthi ajikeleze ngesivinini esihlukile, isibonelo ngesikhathi sokujika. Funda kabanzi mayelana nedivayisi nezinhlobo zokuhluka kwehlukile.
Ezimotweni ezidonsa ngamasondo angemuva, u-gearbox ufakwa kwi-asi yangemuva futhi usebenza ngendlela efanayo.
Ebukhoneni bokushayela wonke amasondo, ama-gearbox afakwe ku-gearbox naku-axle yangemuva, futhi axhumeke nge-cardan shaft.
Ipharamitha eyinhloko ye-gearbox isilinganiso segiya, okungukuthi, isilinganiso senani lamazinyo amagiya amakhulu (ashayelwa) namancane (okushayela). Uma isilinganiso segiya sikhulu, amasondo athola itorque eyengeziwe. Amadivayisi anesilinganiso esikhulu segiya asetshenziswa, isibonelo, ekuthuthweni kwempahla, lapho amandla ebaluleke kakhulu kunejubane.
Le yunithi isebenza ngemodi eqinile, ngakho-ke izingxenye zayo ziyaguga kancane kancane. Uma umshini usebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima, inqubo yokugqoka iyasheshisa.
I-hum iyisici sama-bearings aphukile. Iba namandla njengoba ijubane likhuphuka.
Ukuklebhuka noma ukugaya ku-gearbox kuwuphawu lwamagiya asegugile.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ama-seal anesici, angabonwa ngemikhondo ye-lubricant yegiya endlini.
Noma yimuphi umakhenikha udinga ukugcotshwa. Inciphisa ukungqubuzana kwezingxenye ezisebenzisanayo, ivikele ekugqwaleni, ikhuthaze ukususwa kokushisa nokugqoka imikhiqizo. U-gearbox nawo awuhlukile kulo mqondo. Ukuntuleka kwamafutha noma izinga layo elibi kuzothinta nakanjani isimo sezingxenye zomhlangano.
Amazinga okushisa aphezulu alulaza ukusebenza kwe-lubricant ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imikhiqizo yokugqoka iqoqa kancane kancane kuyo, futhi ngenxa yezimpawu ezigugile, uwoyela ungavuza ngezimpawu. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ngezikhathi ezithile ukuxilonga izinga nekhwalithi yamafutha ku-gearbox bese uyishintsha.
Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokushintsha esinconywe abenzi bezimoto singamakhilomitha angu-100. Ezimweni zase-Ukraine, i-lubricant kufanele ishintshwe kanye nengxenye izikhathi ezimbili kaningi. Futhi uma imoto isebenza kwimodi esindayo, kungcono ukunciphisa isikhawu sokushintsha sibe ngu-30 ... amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-40. Kunengqondo ukuhlanganisa ukuhlola nokushintsha uwoyela ku-gearbox ngokulungiswa okulandelayo.
Njengomthetho, okufanayo kuthelwa ku-gearbox njengoba ku-gearbox. Kodwa kukhona okuhlukile. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukucacisa uhlobo lwe-lubricant kanye nevolumu yayo emibhalweni yokusebenza yemoto ethile.
Uma uthenga i-lubricant yebhokisi lika-gearbox, ungakhohlwa ngowoyela wokushibilika. Kuzodingeka uma uwoyela okhishiwe ungcoliswe kakhulu.
Ukuze uhlole izinga likawoyela, khulula ipulaki yokugcwalisa. Amafutha kufanele ahlanjululwe ngembobo noma isethi yamamilimitha aphansi. Ayikho i-probe ekhethekile lapha, ngakho-ke sebenzisa i-impromptu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ungazizwa nje ngomunwe wakho, kodwa qaphela: uma ukudluliselwa kusanda kusebenza, amafutha angase ashise.
Ikhwalithi yamafutha ingatholakala ngokumpompa kancane ngesirinji. Ngokujwayelekile, kufanele ibe sobala futhi ingabi mnyama kakhulu. Uketshezi olumnyama, oluluthuthu olunezinsalela zento yangaphandle kufanele kushintshwe, ngisho noma usuku loshintsho lungakafiki.
Amafutha afudumele azokhipha ngokushesha, ngakho-ke kufanele uqale ushayele amakhilomitha angu-5 ... 10.
1. Beka imoto emgodini wokubuka noma uyiphakamise ku-lift.
2. Ukuze ungashi, qiniseka ukuthi uvikela izandla zakho.
Faka esikhundleni isitsha sevolumu efanelekile bese ukhulula ipulaki yokudonsa amanzi. Lapho amafutha eqala ukuphuma, khulula futhi ipulaki yokugcwalisa.
Lapho uwoyela econsa kancane, qinisa ipulaki yokudonsa amanzi.
3. Uma igrisi ekhanyiwe ingcolile, shayela u-gearbox. Uma ungekho uwoyela wokushaywa, ungasebenzisa amafutha azogcwaliswa esikhundleni salowo osetshenzisiwe. Thela uketshezi olushaywayo emgodini wokugcwalisa usebenzisa isirinji enkulu noma ifaneli enepayipi. Umthamo kufanele ube cishe u-80% wesimiso.
Qinisa ipulaki bese ushayela imoto amakhilomitha angu-15. Okulandelayo, khipha uketshezi olushaywayo. Phinda inqubo yokuhlanza uma kunesidingo.
4. Gcwalisa amafutha amasha ukuze izinga lawo lifinyelele emaphethelweni aphansi omgodi wokugcwalisa. Isikulufa kupulaki. Konke, inqubo isiqediwe.
Njengoba ubona, inqubo yokushintsha i-lubricant ku-gearbox ilula futhi ayidingi amakhono akhethekile. Izindleko zamafutha ngokwazo ngeke zikubhubhise, kodwa zizosindisa iyunithi ebiza kakhulu ekuhlulekeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
