Ukushintsha isihlungi samafutha namafutha

Ukushintsha uwoyela wenjini nesihlungi sikawoyela kuwumsebenzi ojwayelekile ofinyeleleka kumshayeli ojwayelekile. Noma kunjalo, amanye ama-nuances kufanele akhunjulwe, ikakhulukazi kumshayeli ongenalwazi.

Iqiniso lokuthi ukugcoba kusiza ukunyakaza kwezingxenye zokuhlikihla futhi kuzivikele ekugqokeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi laziwa ngisho nalabo abangaqondi lutho mayelana nemishini. Kodwa imisebenzi yayo emotweni ayigcini kulokhu. Ukugcoba kudlala indima evimbela ukubola, kudala uhlobo lwefilimu evikelayo ezingxenyeni zensimbi. Ngenxa yokujikeleza kwamafutha ohlelweni lokugcoba, ukushisa kukhishwa kancane ezingxenyeni ezishisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Lokhu kuvimbela ukushisisa ngokweqile kwezingxenye ngazinye kanye nayo yonke injini evuthayo yangaphakathi iyonke, kunwebe impilo yayo yokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-lubricant isusa imikhiqizo yokugqoka kanye nezinhlayiya zangaphandle ezindaweni zokuhlikihla, okusiza nokwelula impilo yeyunithi. Futhi ekugcineni, izinga lomsindo ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwezinqubo liyancipha kakhulu.

Kancane kancane, okokugcoba kungcoliswa, ukushisisa okuqinile njalo kwehlisa ukusebenza kwawo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ngezikhathi ezithile udinga ukususa amafutha asetshenzisiwe bese ugcwalisa okusha. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga ngesikhathi esifanele, idiphozi yokungcola kanye ne-soot izokwakhiwa ebusweni bezingxenye, ukungqubuzana kuzokwanda, okusho ukuthi ukuguga kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi kuzosheshisa futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kuzosondela. Ukungcola kuzofakwa ezindongeni zemigqa kawoyela, okwenza kube kubi kakhulu ukuhlinzekwa kwe-ICE nge-lubricant. Ngaphezu kwalokho, injini evuthayo yangaphakathi engcolile izodla uphethiloli owengeziwe. Ngakho akukho ukonga lapha, kodwa ungenza izinkinga ezinkulu.

Okokuqala, kufanele ubheke encwadini yeziqondiso futhi uthole ukuthi i-automaker incoma kaningi kangakanani ukushintsha uwoyela. Ngokunokwenzeka, kuzokhonjiswa isikhawu se-12 ... amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-15 noma okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Lesi sibalo sihambisana nezimo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza. Emigwaqweni yethu, izimo ezinjalo zihlukile kunomthetho. Ngezimo zokusebenza ezinzima, imvamisa kufanele ihliswe ngesigamu, okungukuthi, ukushintshwa kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kwe-5 ... amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-7, kodwa okungenani kabili ngonyaka. Uma usebenzisa uwoyela wokwenziwa wekhwalithi ephezulu ebizayo noma owenziwe kancane, isikhawu sokushintsha singanwetshwa.

Izimo zokusebenza ezinzima zemoto zihlanganisa:

• Ukunyakaza edolobheni elikhulu elinokuminyana kwezimoto njalo namarobhothi;
• Ukusebenza isikhathi eside kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi ngokungenzi lutho;
• Ukusebenzisa imoto kwimodi yezimpahla;
• Ukuhamba emigwaqweni yasezintabeni;
• Ukushayela emigwaqweni yasemaphandleni enothuli;
• Ukufaka uphethiloli ngekhwalithi ephansi;
• I-ICE evamisile iqala kanye nohambo olufushane;
• Izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu noma eliphansi;
• Isitayela sokushayela esibi.

Lapho ugijima emotweni entsha, ukushintshwa kokuqala kwe-lubricant ye-ICE kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambili - ngemuva kokushayela i-1500 ... 2000 amakhilomitha.

Uma uthenge imoto emakethe yesibili futhi umlando wayo ungaziwa, kungcono ukushintsha uwoyela ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokuthembela ekuqinisekiseni umdayisi ukuthi ahlanzekile ngokuphelele. 

Kuhlelo lokugcoba oluvaliwe lwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi yemoto, kufakwa isihlungi esihlanza uwoyela ezinhlayiyeni ezincane zokungcola kanye nempushana yensimbi, eyakhiwe ngandlela-thile ngesikhathi sokungqubuzana kwezingxenye ngokumelene nomunye, ngisho nalapho kukhona ukuthambisa. Ungakhuluma ngedivayisi yokuhlunga amafutha kanye nemingcele yayo yokusebenza.

Ukuphila kokusebenza kwesihlungi samafutha yi-10 ... amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-15. Okusho ukuthi, kuhambisana nesikhathi sokushintsha uwoyela we-ICE ngesikhathi sokusebenza okujwayelekile. 

Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ikhono lesihlungi ukwenza imisebenzi yalo lincike esimweni se-lubricant. Ezimweni ezinzima zokusebenza, iba ngcolile ngokushesha, okusho ukuthi isihlungi samafutha siphinde sivalwe ngokungcola kakhulu. Lapho isihlungi sivalekile kakhulu, asiwadlulisi kahle amafutha kuwo ngokwawo. Ukucindezela kwe-lubricant kuyo kuyanda, okwenza i-valve ye-bypass ivuleke. Kulokhu, uwoyela ongahluziwe ungena enjinini yangaphakathi evuthayo, edlula isici sokuhlunga. Ngakho-ke, esimweni esivamile, singacabanga ukuthi impilo yesevisi yesihlungi samafutha namafutha e-ICE iyafana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele zishintshwe kanyekanye. 

Ungashintsha uwoyela wenjini nesihlungi emsebenzini wemoto noma uzenzele wena. Awukho umehluko oyisisekelo enqubweni yezimoto zezinhlobo ezahlukene, kodwa akulimazi ukubheka incwadi yesevisi kuqala. 

Zama ukugcwalisa amafutha amasha omkhiqizo ofanayo nomkhiqizi njengomdala. Iqiniso liwukuthi lapho ushintsha inani elincane lokuthambisa elisetshenzisiwe lihlala ohlelweni futhi lixubene nokusha. Uma ziyizinhlobo ezahlukene noma zinezithasiselo ezingahambelani, lokhu kungase kuthinte kabi ukusebenza kwe-lubricant.

Ukukhipha uwoyela osetshenzisiwe, gcina ezitsheni ezinomumo nosayizi ofanele ezinomthamo wamalitha okungenani amahlanu. Kufanele libe phansi ngokwanele ukuze lingene ngaphansi komshini, futhi libe banzi ngokwanele ukuze uketshezi olukhanyisiwe lungachaphazeli ludlule. Uzodinga futhi i-rag ehlanzekile, ifaneli, futhi mhlawumbe isikrufu esikhethekile sokususa isihlungi sikawoyela. Ukuze ukhulule ipulaki yokudonsa, uzodinga i-wrench, ubukhulu bayo ngokuvamile bungamamilimitha angu-17 noma angu-19, kodwa kwenzeka ukuthi kunezinketho ezingezona ezijwayelekile. Amagilavu ​​enjoloba azofika ewusizo ukuvikela izandla zakho, kanye nethoshi.

Injini yomlilo yangaphakathi kufanele ifudunyezwe kuze kufike ekushiseni okusebenzayo, ngoba lokhu kwanele ukushayela isethi yamakhilomitha. Amafutha ashisayo ane-viscosity ephansi ngakho-ke kuzoba lula ukukhipha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlayiya ezincane zokungcola zizokhuphuka kusukela phansi kwe-oil sump futhi zisuswe kanye namafutha aphelile. 

Ukuze usebenze ngokunethezeka, beka imoto ku-flyover noma sebenzisa imbobo yokubuka. Kunoma yikuphi, imoto kufanele ime endaweni eyisicaba evundlile, injini imisiwe, i-handbrake isetshenziswa. 

1. Khumula ikepisi yokugcwalisa uwoyela. Ukuphakamisa isivalo, uzoyibona phezu kwenjini futhi ngeke uyidide nalutho.
2. Susa ukuvikelwa kwekhompathimenti yenjini, uma ikhona.
3. Faka esikhundleni isitsha soketshezi olukhanyiwe.
4. Khulula ipulaki ye-pan kawoyela (ibukeka njengephansi likasinki wekhishi). Zilungiselele amafutha ashisayo azophuma kungazelelwe. 
5. Khipha ngokucophelela ipulaki ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa i-gasket futhi uvumele amafutha ukuba aphume. Ungajahi ukuqedela ukukhipha lapho amafutha egeleza emfudlaneni omncane. Kufanele ulinde kuze kuvele kuconse. Ngeke kwenzeke ukususa yonke into ngamaphesenti angu-100, kunoma yikuphi, inani elithile lamafutha asetshenzisiwe lizohlala ohlelweni lokugcoba, kodwa uma lincane, ukuhlanza i-lubricant entsha kuzophela. Ngendlela, kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi ukupompa kwe-vacuum, okunikezwa eziteshini eziningi zesevisi, kufanele kugwenywe. Ngale ndlela yokushintsha, uwoyela osetshenziswe kakhulu usalokhu ungatholakali.
6. Hlola umbala nephunga lamafutha asetshenzisiwe. Vala imbobo yokukhipha amanzi ngendwangu ehlanzekile futhi uhlole ngokucophelela imfucumfucu egugile. Kumuntu onolwazi, lokhu kuzosiza ukufeza iziphetho ezithile mayelana nesimo senjini yangaphakathi yomlilo.
7. Uma yonke into ihlelekile, buyisela ipulaki yokudonsa amanzi, uyigoqe ngesandla bese uyiqinisa kancane ngesikrufu.
8. Ngenkathi amafutha ephuma, futhi lokhu kuthatha i-5 ... imizuzu eyi-10, ungaqala ukudiliza isihlungi. Kucatshangwa ukuthi uye wawafunda ngaphambilini amadokhumenti esevisi futhi wathola indawo yawo. Ngokuvamile izandla zesilisa eziqinile zanele ukukhulula isihlungi. Ungakwazi ukugoqa kusengaphambili nge-sandpaper. Uma isinamathiselwe futhi ingaziboleki, sebenzisa ukhiye okhethekile. Lokhu kungaba, isibonelo, ibhande noma i-chain puller. Njengendlela yokugcina, bhoboza isihlungi nge-screwdriver futhi usisebenzise njengesibambiso. Kudingeka kuphela ukubhoboza engxenyeni engezansi yezindlu zokuhlunga ukuze ungalimazi ukufaneleka. Lapho isihlungi sisusiwe, amanye amafutha azothululwa, ngakho-ke lungiselela enye i-reservoir encane kusengaphambili, noma ulinde kuze kube yilapho uwoyela usuphelile ngokuphelele ku-sump bese usebenzisa isitsha esifanayo. 
9. Ngaphambi kokufaka isihlungi esisha, uthele amafutha amasha kuwo - hhayi phezulu, kodwa okungenani isigamu sevolumu. Lokhu kuzogwema ukonakala kwesando samanzi nesihlungi lapho iphampu kawoyela iqala ukupompa okokugcoba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwenani elithile lamafutha esihlungini kuzovumela ukucindezela okuvamile ohlelweni lokugcoba ukuze kufinyelelwe ngokushesha. Kufanele futhi usebenzise amafutha kuyi-o-ring, lokhu kuzofaka isandla ekuqiniseni okungcono, futhi lapho ushintsha isihlungi, kuzoba lula ukusikhulula. Kwezinye izimo, i-O-ring isivele iphathwe ngefekthri nge-talc noma igrisi, lapho kungadingeki ukuthi iphinde iphathwe.
10. Khipha isihlungi ngesandla size sibushelelezi, bese usiqinisa kancane ngesikrufu.
11. Manje ungagcwalisa amafutha amasha. Ukuze ungachithi, sebenzisa ifaneli. Qala ngokugcwalisa isethi ngokuncane kunalokho okukhonjiswe encwadini, bese kancane kancane ukhuphule, ulawule izinga nge-dipstick. Khumbula ukuthi ukugcoba okweqile akulimazi kancane injini evuthayo yangaphakathi kunokuntuleka kwayo. Indlela yokuxilonga kahle izinga likawoyela ingafundwa.
12. Lapho usuqedile, qala injini. Inkomba yengcindezi kawoyela ephansi kufanele ivalwe ngemva kwesethi yamasekhondi. Fudumeza injini evuthayo yangaphakathi imizuzu emi-5 ... 7 ngokungenzi lutho. Qinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukuvuza ngaphansi kwepulaki yokudonsa kanye nasendaweni lapho isihlungi sikawoyela sifakwe khona. Misa injini bese uhlola izinga likawoyela futhi. Yenze ibe sezingeni uma kunesidingo. Hlola amaleveli njalo emavikini ambalwa okuqala.

Ungawatheli amafutha asetshenzisiwe noma yikuphi, nikela ngawo ukuze agaywe kabusha, isibonelo, esiteshini sesevisi.

Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlanza akudingekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto engathandeki, ngoba ngeke kwenzeke ukususa ngokuphelele uketshezi olushaywayo usebenzisa indlela evamile yokufaka esikhundleni. iphesenti elibekiwe lenani eliphelele elithi "flush" lizohlala ohlelweni futhi lixube namafutha amasha. Izinto ze-caustic eziqukethwe oketshezini olushaywayo zizophazamisa izici zokusebenza ze-lubricant entsha futhi zingathinta kabi izingxenye zenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Uwoyela wokutshiza awunamandla kangako, kodwa futhi kungcono ukungawusebenzisi. 

Ukuhlanza kungase kudingeke uma imoto yathengwa emakethe yesibili futhi akwaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi yini ethelwa ohlelweni lokugcoba. Noma unquma ukushintshela ohlotsheni oluhlukile lwamafutha. Kulokhu, kungcono ukusebenzisa indlela ethambile yokushintsha njalo. Iqukethe okulandelayo: 

• I-lubricant nesihlungi zishintshwa ngendlela evamile, ngemva kwalokho imoto idinga ukushayela amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbili kuya kwezinkulungwane ezimbili kumodi yokuphumula; 
• khona-ke uwoyela omusha ugcwaliswa kabusha bese kufakwa isihlungi esisha, amanye amakhilomitha angama-4000 kufanele aqhutshwe ngemodi emnene;
• Okulandelayo, kwenziwa olunye ushintsho lwamafutha nesihlungi, bese umshini ungasebenza ngemodi evamile.

Ulwazi mayelana ne-viscosity kanye nekhwalithi yesithambiso senjini evuthayo yangaphakathi iyatholakala emiyalweni yokusebenza yemoto yakho. Inani elidingekayo lamafutha liyaboniswa lapho. Ku-inthanethi ungathola izinhlelo ezikhethekile zokukhetha ama-lubricant nezihlungi ngokuya ngemodeli nonyaka wokwenziwa komshini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sihloko singase sibe usizo. Enye inikezelwe ekukhetheni uwoyela wokudlulisa.

Amafutha enjini asezingeni eliphezulu azobiza kakhulu, kodwa azohlala isikhathi eside. Ngokuzibophezela, udinga ukusondela ekukhethweni kwesihlungi. Ubukhulu bokufaka, umthamo, izinga lokuhlanza kanye nokucindezela lapho i-valve ye-bypass isebenza khona kufanele kucatshangelwe. Gwema imikhiqizo evela kubakhiqizi abangaziwa ethengiswa ngamanani aphansi. Izihlungi ezishibhile ziqukethe isici sesihlungi sekhwalithi embi ngaphakathi esivaleka ngokushesha. I-valve ye-bypass kuzo ingase ilungiswe ngokungalungile futhi ivuleke ngengcindezi ephansi kunalokho okufanele, idlulisele i-lubricant engalashwa ohlelweni. Kwenzeka ukuthi emazingeni okushisa aphansi icala liyaqhekeka, futhi amafutha aqala ukugeleza. Ingxenye enjalo ngeke ihlale isikhathi eside futhi ngeke inikeze ukuhlunga okufanele.

Amafutha enjini avela kubakhiqizi abaziwayo avame ukukhohlisa, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuwathenga kubathengisi abathembekile. Esitolo se-inthanethi samaShayina, ungathenga okokugcoba kwekhwalithi ephezulu yezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi noma ukuhanjiswa. Lapho ungathenga nezihlungi zikawoyela ngenani elithengekayo.