Ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela okuphezulu ezimotweni - izimbangela kanye namakhambi

Izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi zidinga ukugcotshwa okuthembekile ezingxenyeni zazo eziningi ezihambayo. Uma ama-shafts, ama-bearings nama-levers egudlana ngaphandle kokugcoba, azobhubhisana ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Yingakho akufanele udlale ngokuntula uwoyela emotweni. Kulesi sihloko, uzofunda indlela yokwenza uma kwenzeka ukushoda kwamafutha okuseduze.

Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kokuntuleka kukawoyela

Akukho mklamo wenjini ongavimbela ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa okuthile kwamafutha. Amafutha okugcoba e-crankshaft nama- rod bearings acindezela kancane izindandatho ze-piston ngisho nenjini enhle. Uma uwoyela usungenile egumbini lomlilo, uyasha phakathi nomjikelezo womsebenzi olandelayo. .

Ngakho-ke, kufanele ubuze umdayisi wemoto yakho ukuthi yikuphi ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela okwamukelekayo emotweni yakho. Inani lomhlahlandlela lithi 50-250 ml ngebanga lika-1000 km . Ungakwazi ukunquma ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha emoto yakho, ukuhlola izinga likawoyela njalo .

Ukuze wenze lokhu, imoto kufanele ipakwe endaweni elinganayo futhi injini akufanele icishwe ngaphansi kwemizuzu emihlanu . Uma izinga likawoyela liseduze noma selingaphansi kophawu MIN ku-dipstick ehlanzekile , kufanele wengeze amafutha amasha futhi wenze uphawu ekusetshenzisweni.

Ukulahlekelwa uwoyela noma ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela?

Uma ubona ukwehla kwezinga likawoyela emotweni yakho, lokhu kungase kube njalo izizathu ezimbili :

1. Ukusetshenziswa 2. Ukulahlekelwa amafutha

Bathi ngokusetshenziswa kukawoyela uma uwoyela ungena egunjini lomlilo bese usha laphaya. . Ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela okuphezulu kukhombisa ukulimala kwenjini okungabiza ukuyilungisa.

Uma uwoyela elahlekelwa uwoyela, uwoyela uphuma ohlelweni lokuthambisa . Imbangela ishubhu elivuzayo, i-radial shaft seal eyonakele, noma uphawu oluyisicaba oluvuzayo.

Ukuze uhlole lokhu, vele ubheke phansi kwemoto yakho: uma injini igcotshwe ngamafutha kusuka ngezansi, uwoyela uyavuza kwenye indawo . Ukulimala kwalolu hlobo kuvame ukushibhile ukulungisa kunokusetshenziswa kakhulu kukawoyela. Kodwa ungalibali: injini evuzayo kawoyela ingumthwalo omkhulu kwezemvelo futhi ingaholela enhlawulo enkulu uma ibanjiwe .

Yini engenziwa mayelana nokusetshenziswa kukawoyela?

Ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela kunqunywa " yomile » ukunciphisa amafutha, i.e. akukho ukuvuza kwenjini , kanye nentuthu ekhipha umoya eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ungaqhubeki nokusebenzisa imoto uma kufanele wengeze njalo uwoyela: amafutha ashisiwe athinta uhlelo lokulawula ukungcola futhi abangele umonakalo omkhulu kuwo .

Ngaphezu kwalokho , ukulimala kwenjini okuqhubekayo kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho imoto "ifa" nje ngesikhathi esithile, ngisho nezinga eligcwele likawoyela. Kuye ngobunkimbinkimbi bokulungisa Izimbangela ezijwayelekile zokwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela yilezi:

– amavalvu angalungiswanga kahle - ukungangeni komoya kahle kwe-crankcase - Izigxivizo zamafutha ezigugile - I-gasket yekhanda le-cylinder enesici – piston izindandatho

• Uma ama-valve engalungiswanga , injini ngokuvamile nayo ayisebenzi kahle. Kulokhu, ungezwa insimbi". Lapha i-workshop ingalungisa ama-valve ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula .

• I-crankshaft ephenduka ngokushesha idala ingcindezi ephezulu ku-crankcase . Uma lokhu kucindezela kungaqedwa, kuphoqa uwoyela wenjini ukuthi udlule emasongweni e-piston ungene egunjini lomlilo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, injini inesistimu yokungenisa umoya. Leli ipayipi elivamile elisuka ku-crankcase liye embozweni yevalvu. Kodwa-ke, uma le hose ivinjiwe noma i-kinked, ukucindezela okweqile kungakheka ku-crankcase. Ngokuvamile ukuphefumula kwe-crankcase kungakhandwa ngokushesha naphansi.

• Izimpawu ze-valve stem ama-radial shaft seal amancane alingana eduze kwesiqu se-valve. Bavala indlela ye-valve ehlobene negumbi elivuthayo. Izimpawu ze-valve stem ziyizingxenye ezigugile. Ukushintshwa kwabo akulula futhi kufanele kwenziwe endaweni yokusebenzela ekhethekile. . Nokho, ngemishini efanele, lokhu kulungisa kungenziwa ngokushesha. Umfutho womoya uhlinzekwa ekamelweni elivuthayo ngevalvu ekhethekile eguqulelwe ibe yi-spark plug. Lokhu kucindezela kubamba ama-valve endaweni. Ngakho-ke, i-valve stem seal ingashintshwa ngaphandle kokukhipha ikhanda le-cylinder.

• Isilinda ekhanda gasket ivala igumbi lomlilo lenjini kusuka kusekethe epholile kanye nesekethe yokugcoba. Uma i-gasket yekhanda ilimele , kwakhiwa uxhumano phakathi kwalezi zikhonkwane noma ngaphandle. Ngakho-ke, isibonakaliso esingaqondakali se-cylinder head gasket eyonakele i-foam emhlophe kumjikelezo wamafutha noma amafutha amnyama ku-coolant. Kulesi simo, ukususwa kwekhanda le-cylinder kuphela nokushintshwa kwe-gasket kuzosiza. Lona umbuzo kunalokho eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa namanje ingenye izinhlobo ukulungiswa okungenzeka ngesikhathi ukuphila imoto. .

• Amasongo e-piston agugile - konke lokhu - "isimo esibi kakhulu" ngokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwamafutha. Ngalolu hlobo lomonakalo, kufanele uhlale ulindele ukuthi injini ingaphumeleli ngesikhathi esifushane ngenxa yokubanjwa kwepiston. Ungashintsha futhi izindandatho ze-piston. . Nokho, ukulungisa ngokuvamile akwanele. Izindonga zesilinda kufanele futhi zibe phansi futhi zifakwe phansi ukuze zibuyisele ukucindezela okugcwele kumasilinda. Ngakho-ke, amasongo e-piston anephutha ayisizathu sokushintshwa okuphelele kwenjini. . Phela, ngemva kwalokho, injini cishe entsha futhi.

Indlela yokuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela ngokweqile

Esikhundleni sokusebenza kuphela uma isikhathi sesihambile, ungathatha izinyathelo ezilula zokwelula impilo yenjini yakho futhi uvimbele ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela okuphezulu. .

1. Qaphela uwoyela wokugcoba nezihlungi izikhathi zokushintsha futhi usebenzise amabhrendi anconyiwe kuphela.

2. Ungashayeli ngesivinini esikhulu noma kancane kakhulu . Yenza ukuhlaziya uwoyela njalo eminyakeni emi-2 ngemuva kwe-100 km.

3. Injini yokushayela njalo ngemva kweminyaka emi-2 . Ngakho, ungakwazi ukufinyelela kalula uphawu 200 noma ngisho 000 km.