Ukukhetha amathayi ehlobo: kungani futhi ngaziphi imingcele
Okuqukethwe
Amathayi ezimoto zasehlobo kufanele afakwe ngokuya ngesizini. Nini futhi kungani lokhu kufanele kwenziwe - wonke umnikazi wemoto kufanele azi. Uma kunombuzo wokukhetha irabha ngenkathi efudumele, udinga ukucabangela inani lemingcele ethinta ukuphepha, ukuphathwa kwemoto kanye nempilo yesevisi yezinto ze-chassis.
Kungani ushintsha amathayi asebusika abe yihlobo
Amathayi ezimoto zasehlobo ahluke kumathayi asebusika ngezindlela eziningi: iphethini yokunyathela, ukwakheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokushelela kwendawo yokusebenza. Imithambeka yasebusika ibonakala ngezinto ezilandelayo:
- ukuthamba kwesisekelo;
- ukugcina ukuqina emazingeni okushisa aphansi;
- i-porosity kanye nokuqina kokunyathela;
- ukwanda kokujula kokunyathela kusuka ku-8 kuya ku-10 mm.
Amathayi asehlobo, ngokuphambene nalokho, anokuqina okukhulu nokwanda kokumelana nokugqoka. Ukunyathela kubonakala ngama-sipes amakhulu, futhi indawo yokusebenza ibushelelezi. I-Rubber iyakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu ehlobo isikhathi eside ngokugqoka kancane. Ubude bokunyathela kwala mathayi bufika ku-8 mm. Ukushintsha amathayi asebusika abe amathayi ehlobo futhi okuphambene nalokho kuyadingeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningi:
- Ezingeni lokushisa lika +7 °C, izakhiwo zazo zombili izinhlobo zamathayi ziwohloka.
- Lapho izinga lokushisa le-ambient lehla liye ku-+5 °C, ukuqina kwama-skates ehlobo kuyanda, okuthinta kabi ukunamathela endaweni yomgwaqo, okuholela ekwandeni kwengozi yokushibilika.
- Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphukela ku-+10 °C, izakhiwo zamasondo asebusika ziwohloka ngokuphawulekayo. Impahla yesondo iyathambile futhi imoto ilahlekelwa ukuzinza kwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lomsindo liyakhula, futhi ukunyathela kuguga ngokushesha okukhulu.
Indlela yokukhetha amathayi ehlobo emoto
Ngokufika kokushisa, indaba yokukhetha amathayi ehlobo iyathakazelisa kubanikazi abaningi bezimoto. Ukuze ukutholwa kwemithambeka kube okulungile, kuyadingeka ukucabangela izici eziningi nezimo zokusebenza zemoto.
Usayizi ojwayelekile
Ngaphambi kokuthenga amathayi ehlobo, udinga ukuthola ukuthi yiliphi isayizi elifanele imoto yakho ngokusho kwezincomo ze-automaker. Ngokuvamile le datha ingatholakala kuwebhusayithi noma ezikhungweni zesevisi zomkhiqizo wemoto yakho. Usayizi ojwayelekile uqukethe amapharamitha ambalwa:
- ukuphakama;
- ububanzi;
- ububanzi.
Lapho ukhetha irabha ngosayizi, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi iphrofayili yesondo iyinani elihlobene. Ngakho-ke, ngeke kwenzeke ukukhetha amathayi ngobubanzi obukhulu futhi ugcine ukuphakama kwephrofayili, ngoba ikhula njalo ngokulingana okuqondile nobubanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukucabangela ngokucophelela usayizi wokufika: ipharamitha engalungile ngeke ikuvumele ukuthi ubeke isondo ku-disc.
Ngokusho kobude bephrofayili, irabha ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezintathu:
- iphrofayili ephansi (≤ 55%);
- iphrofayili ephezulu (60-75%);
- iphrofayela egcwele (≥ 82%).
Umshini onemithambeka yephrofayili ephansi unokuphatha kahle, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo usengozini enkulu yokungahambi kahle komgwaqo.
Iphrofayili ephezulu yenza ukubamba kube nzima kakhulu, kodwa imoto ihamba kahle ekungaphelelini komgwaqo. Uma kungekho ukuqokwa kwephrofayili ethayini, khona-ke unenjoloba enenkomba engu-80-82%. Amathayi anjalo, ngokufanisa namathayi aphezulu, ahlinzeka ngokunyakaza okuthambile nokuphatha okuhle ngesivinini esikhulu.
Iphethini yokunyathela
Imvelo yama-tread grooves inomthelela oqondile ekubambeni kwamasondo kanye nokumelana nokugoqa. Iphethini yokunyathela yamathayi ehlobo ingaba okunye kokulandelayo:
- i-symmetrical yakudala noma engaqondile. Lokhu kuyindlela evamile kakhulu, esetshenziswa ezimotweni eziningi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni nasemgwaqweni omkhulu, futhi iphinde ifakwe embonini;
- i-symmetrical eqondisiwe. Lolu hlobo luyoba olungcono kakhulu ekushayeleni ngezikhathi zemvula nenkungu, njengoba lubonakala ngokukhipha amanzi kahle kanye nokuzinza emigwaqweni emanzi;
- i-asymmetric. Ngalesi phethini, induduzo iqinisekisiwe kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu, futhi irabha ingasetshenziselwa izimoto ezinezinhlobo ezahlukene zomzimba (ama-sedans, ama-SUV). Ngenxa yokuthi emithambekeni enjalo iphethini yokunyathela ngaphandle nangaphakathi ihlukile, idinga ukufakwa kuphela endaweni ekhonjisiwe.
Ividiyo: indlela yokukhetha amathayi ehlobo
Ukubamba okuboshwe
Amathayi asehlobo kufanele abambe kahle, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umgwaqo umanzi noma womile. Ukubamba okomile kubalulekile ngoba amathayi amaningi ehlobo avele antante endaweni egandayiwe eshisayo. Ukuze ushayele ngokuphepha imoto, ukusheshisa nokwehla kwesivinini kufanele kube nokuzethemba. Kulokhu, izingxenye ezibalulekile ziyiphethini, iphrofayili, ububanzi nokubunjwa kwesondo. Ukuze ubambe kahle emigwaqweni emanzi, ububanzi bokunyathela, ukuphakama kokunyathela kanye nephethini yokunyathela kuyimingcele ebalulekile.
Isisindo
Ipharamitha ebalulekile yisisindo sesondo. Isondo elilula, umthwalo omncane ufakwa ekumisweni, ukuphatha kuyathuthukiswa futhi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuyancipha. Isisindo sinqunywa ububanzi bephrofayili kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswa ekwenzeni irabha. Namuhla, imikhiqizo yomhlaba ekukhiqizeni ama-skates isebenzisa irabha yokufakelwa, ebonakala ngokukhanya nokumelana nokugqoka.
Induduzo nomsindo
Ipharamitha efana nomsindo kwabanye abashayeli ibaluleke kakhulu. Kuncike ngqo ekunyatheleni kanye nephethini: uma kukhulu ubude bokunyathela, nomsindo wamathayi. Njengoba irabha yesimanje inesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuqonda ngokubukeka ukuthi kuzoba nomsindo kangakanani noma cha. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha, kungcono ukubonisana nochwepheshe. Uma sicabangela amathayi ngokwenduduzo, khona-ke ahlukaniswa abe nzima, aphakathi nendawo futhi athambile. Eyokuqala ilungele ukusetshenziswa emigwaqweni eyisicaba. Uhlobo oluthambile luyoba inketho enhle emigwaqweni emibi, ngoba wonke ama-bumps abushelelezi, kodwa ngesivinini esikhulu, la mathayi awenzi kahle kakhulu. Inketho engcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa irabha yobulukhuni obuphakathi. Izohlinzeka ngokunethezeka okuhle emigwaqweni enokukhava okuhle nokubi.
Inkomba yesivinini
Ipharamitha yenkomba yesivinini ikhombisa isivinini esikhulu ongahamba ngaso kula mathayi. Amasondo anesivinini esikhulu anikezwe inkomba enkulu, ukubamba okungcono kanye nebanga elincane lokubhuleka, kodwa izindleko zawo ziphezulu kakhulu. Uma ukhetha isitayela sokushayela esizolile, asikho isidingo sokufaka ama-slope anenkomba yejubane eliphezulu.
Ithebula: Ukuqokwa kwencwadi yenkomba yejubane lesondo
| Inkomba | M | N | P | Q | R | S | T | U | H | V | W | Y |
| Ijubane elikhulu, km / h | 130 | 140 | 150 | 160 | 170 | 180 | 190 | 200 | 210 | 240 | 270 | 300 |
Inkomba yokulayisha
Le parameter ibonisa ukuthi ungakanani umthwalo irabha engakwazi ukumelana nayo ngesivinini esiphezulu. Uma imoto ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthutha abagibeli kanye nempahla, khona-ke amathayi kufanele akhethwe ngenkomba yomthwalo ophezulu. Imikhiqizo efaneleke kakhulu yepharamitha okukhulunywa ngayo ingakhethwa ngokuya nezici zobuchwepheshe zemoto yakho.
Ithebula: ukuqokwa kwezinombolo kwenkomba yomthwalo wesondo
| Inkomba | 70 | 75 | 80 | 85 | 90 | 95 | 100 | 105 | 110 | 115 | 120 |
| Umthwalo omkhulu, kg | 335 | 387 | 450 | 515 | 600 | 690 | 800 | 925 | 1060 | 1215 | 1400 |
Uhlaka
Ngokwesakhiwo, amathayi ahlukaniswa abe yi-diagonal ne-radial. Irabha eyi-diagonal inesidumbu esinezingqimba eziningana zentambo. Ukuhlelwa kwazo kwenziwa ngendlela yokuthi izintambo zezingqimba eziseduze zinqamula phakathi kokunyathela. Indwangu yentambo iyinayiloni noma i-capron. Ezimweni eziningi, ama-diagonal slopes ane-chambered futhi afakwe amasongo amabili aseceleni. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zamathayi anjalo yizindleko eziphansi kanye nokuvikelwa okungcono kusuka ezinhlangothini. Phakathi kwamaphutha kukhona:
- ukugqoka okusheshayo;
- ukumelana nokugoqa okuphezulu;
- isisindo esinzima;
- ukumelana nomthwalo omncane kunamaradial.
Iqiniso lokuthi isondo li-radial liboniswa ngohlamvu R ekumaka. Lolu hlobo lusetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izimoto. Ethayini le-radial, intambo inongqimba olulodwa olunezintambo ezingaphambanisi, futhi kukhona nendandatho yobuhlalu eyodwa. Ngokuyisisekelo, imithambeka enjalo ayinama-tubeless. Banikezwe izinzuzo ezinjalo:
- impilo ende yokusebenza;
- ukumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu;
- ukumelana nokugoqa okuphansi, okugcina uphethiloli;
- ukubamba kahle nokuphatha;
- ukumelana nemithwalo ephezulu.
Okusha noma okusetshenzisiwe
Kwesinye isikhathi abashayeli banomqondo wokuthenga amathayi asesebenzile. Inzuzo enkulu yamathayi asetshenzisiwe yizindleko eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa namasha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kukhona ulwazi olukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ngokuzethemba irabha yekhwalithi ephezulu kumphakeli othembekile, ungacabangela le nketho. Kodwa-ke, lapho ukhetha amathayi asetshenzisiwe, kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi izinga elijwayelekile lokugqoka amathayi lingaba ngu-50%, futhi intengo yawo iphansi ngama-40% kuphela kunamasha. Uma sicabanga ngemithambeka emisha, khona-ke ilinganisela ngokuphelele, ayizange ibe ngaphansi kokucindezeleka ngaphambili, ngakho-ke ilungele ukukhonza isikhathi esingaphezu kweyodwa. Amasondo amasha akhethwe kahle ahlinzeka kokubili ukunethezeka nokuphepha, okungewona wonke amathayi asetshenzisiwe angaziqhayisa ngakho.
Ividiyo: ungakhetha kanjani amathayi asehlobo asetshenzisiwe
Izincomo zochwepheshe
Uma ukhetha amathayi ehlobo, okokuqala, udinga ukucabangela izici zezulu zesifunda lapho imoto isetshenziswa khona. Uma umshini uzohamba esifundeni esinemvula evamile, khona-ke amathayi kufanele akhululwe ngokushesha emanzini, okudingekayo ukuze kube nokudonsa okungcono kakhulu. Iphuzu elibalulekile ubunjalo bomgwaqo. Ngakho-ke, amathayi omgwaqo emgwaqeni we-gravel ngeke nje angafaneleki futhi, ngokufanele, ngokuphambene nalokho. Kubathandi be-off-road, ukukhethwa kwamasondo kufanele kusondele ngokucophelela, ngoba amathayi wendawo yonke awafaneleki izimo ezinjalo. Kulesi simo, uzodinga amathayi anephethini yokunyathela engekho emgwaqeni ezobambelela kahle emhlabathini futhi ahlanzwe ukungcola.
Enqubweni yokukhetha amathayi ehlobo, ungawashayi indiva amasayizi wefektri. Uma ufaka irabha namanye amapharamitha, lokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezakhi ze-chassis yemoto ngenxa yokwanda komthwalo. Ngokuqondene nabakhiqizi, namuhla imakethe yamasondo ihluke kakhulu. Ungakhetha ohlwini olulandelayo lwamathayi angabizi:
- I-Dunlop;
- I-Premiori;
- Ama-Achilles;
- Belshina;
- I-Cormorant;
- I-Hifly;
- i-Matador;
- Unxantathu;
- Kumho.
Uma uhlangothi lwezezimali lwendaba lunganqumi, khona-ke ukunakwa kungakhokhelwa ohlwini olulandelayo lwamathayi ehlobo:
- I-Pirelli Cinturato P7;
- Nokian Hakka Blue;
- Ukusebenza kwe-Goodyear EfficientGrip;
- MICHELIN Ubukhulu 3;
- Nokian Hakka Green 2;
- Bridgestone Turanza T001;
- I-MICHELIN Amandla XM2;
- I-Yokohama BluEarth-A AE-50;
- Nokian Nordman SZ;
- I-Continental ContiPremium Xhumana no-5.
Izibuyekezo abashayeli
Ngithathe iNokian Hakka Green 205/60 R16 96H ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezi-2. okwesondo, elenziwe eRussia. Ngenani bekunzima ukuthola okunye. Amathayi awazange adumaze, kodwa ajabule ngokudlula okushelelayo kwama-bumps, ama-rails, njll. Ngaphambi kwalokho, kwakukhona i-ContiEcoContact2. Irabha yokugibela ethule - ayikuthandi ukujika okubukhali. Ibonisa izimfanelo zayo ezinhle kakhulu ekushiseni kwama-degrees angu-20-25 - ngaphezu kwayo isivele iqala ukubhukuda.
Emasontweni ambalwa edlule ngifake i-30 Michelin Energy kuHyundai i195.65.15, ngemva kwalokho ngathola okuningi okuhle okuvelayo. Okokuqala, imoto manje ayisahambi ndawo, igwinya izimbobo ezincane, isizethemba kakhulu ezintanjeni. Futhi iphuzu elibalulekile - kuthule kakhulu endaweni egandayiwe, i-rumble eyayiphezu kwerabha endala iphelile. Ngisikisela.
NgineHenkuk, usayizi 185/60 R14, amasondo aqinile. Ngamamayela ayizinkulungwane ezingama-40, ukugqokwa kokunyathela kuncane. Emotweni yami, ngine-1,9 turbodiesel esindayo, imelana kahle nomthwalo. Ngaphambi kwalokho, u-Amtel wema, ngemuva kwezinkulungwane eziyi-15 zombili zaba njengeqanda ngaphambili. Nakuba inkomba yomthwalo ka-Amtel noHenkuk iyafana - 82.
Ukuthenga amathayi, ekuboneni kuqala, kubonakala njengomcimbi olula. Kodwa njengoba le ngxenye yemoto ibonakala ngenani elikhulu lamapharamitha, ngamunye wabo kufanele acatshangelwe lapho ekhetha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ibhajethi noma amathayi abizayo athengwa.
