I-Starter Solenoid Relay: Amaphutha Ayisisekelo Nezici Zokukhethwa Kwedivayisi

Ngaphandle kokuthi iningi labashayeli besimanje bakhetha ukusebenzela nokulungisa izimoto zabo ezikhungweni ezikhethekile, akekho noyedwa oye wakhansela ukuxilongwa kwezimoto ezizimele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqonda okuyisisekelo ngesakhiwo somshini kuzosiza ukugwema ukukhohliswa kwengcweti engathembekile ehlonza izintambo ezilahlekile njengokuwohloka kwento ebucayi. Futhi "balungisa" lokhu kuphuka ngokuqina okuyisisekelo koxhumana naye.

Esinye sezimo lapho umuntu othanda imoto kufanele aqaphele lapho eqala khona injini. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kungenzeka uma i-starter isebenza kahle. Indima esemqoka ekutheni injini yomlilo yangaphakathi yokuthutha izoqala idlalwe yi-retractor noma i-traction relay.

Kuyini ukuqala kokudluliswa kwe-solenoid?

Le ngxenye inamathele ku-starter. Kuya ngokuthi i-flywheel ingayiguqula yini inqubo ye-trigger noma cha. Njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni, i-traction relay iyingxenye yokwakheka kokuqala.

Akukho ukuqala kukagesi kwanamuhla okusebenza ngaphandle kwalesi sici. Kukhona ukulungiswa okuningi kwalesi sici. Noma kunjalo, ukusebenza kwedivayisi kuyefana kuzo zonke izimo. Ukudluliswa uqobo kwenza imisebenzi eminingana ngasikhathi sinye.

Injongo yokudluliswa kwe-solenoid starter

Musa ukudida le ngxenye ne-starter relay, esetshenziswa yi-ECU ukwenza kusebenze inhlamvu. I-traction (leli gama lisetshenziswa ngokusemthethweni ngumkhiqizi wezimoto kumadokhumende obuchwepheshe) efakwe ngqo ezindlini zokuqala futhi ibukeka njengento ehlukile, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi ixhunywe ngokuqinile kudivayisi enkulu.

Ukudluliswa kweSolenoid ezimotweni kwenza okulandelayo:

• Inikeza ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwesondo lamagiya nomqhele we-flywheel;
• Bamba i-bendix kule ndawo inqobo nje uma umshayeli ephethe ukhiye noma inkinobho yokuqala endaweni eyeqile;
• Banikeza ukuvalwa koxhumana nabo besekethe kagesi, okuholela ekusebenzeni kwenjini yokuqala;
• I-bendix ibuyiselwa endaweni yayo lapho umshayeli ekhipha inkinobho noma ukhiye.

Idizayini, izinhlobo nezinhlobo zokudluliswa kwe-solenoid

I-solenoid inama-windings amabili. Okunamandla kakhulu ukuhlehlisa. Unesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuthi ihange linqoba ukumelana okuphezulu kwazo zonke izinto eziqinisekisiwe. Ukugoqa okwesibili kwezintambo ezincane kumane kubambe indlela ekuleso sikhundla.

Ukuvimbela ukuthi imoto kagesi ingashaywa umoya lapho i-bendix ixhumana neflwwali lemoto esivele isebenza, iziqalo eziningi zesimanje zinama-clutches akhethekile agqamile.

Futhi, ukudluliswa kwe-solenoid kuyahluka ngohlobo lwezindlu. Kungashayiseka noma kungashabalali. Omunye umehluko phakathi kokunye ukuguqulwa kusendleleni yokulawula. Uhlelo lungaqalisa kuphela i-starter drive, noma kanye nalo futhi isekethe lapho ikhoyili yokushisa noma enye imishini ikhona khona.

Umgomo wokusebenza kokudluliswa kwe-traction

Ukudluliswa kusebenza ngokulandela uhlelo olulandelayo:

• I-traction winding ihlinzekwa ngamandla avela kumthombo wamandla;
• Kwakhiwa kuyo amandla kazibuthe wamandla anjalo okwenza ukuthi ihange lisebenze;
• Isikhali sihambisa imfoloko yokuqala ukuze ibambe i-bendix bese iyisondeza ku-flywheel;
• Amazinyo esondo elishayayo ahlanganyela namazinyo erimu asemaphethelweni we-flywheel;
• Ngaso leso sikhathi, kusuka kolunye uhlangothi, ingalo yesikhali ihambisa induku, lapho "iphenathi" noma ipuleti lokuxhumana limiswe khona;
• Ipuleti lixhuma oxhumana nabo, abaxhunywe kubhethri yemoto besebenzisa uxhumano oluboshiwe ngezingcingo;
• I-Voltage isetshenziswa emotweni yokuqala;
• Okwamanje, ikhoyili ye-retractor ayisebenzi, ikhoyili yokubamba ikhanyiselwe ushintsho lwayo (iyasebenza ngenkathi umshayeli ezama ukuqala injini);
• Lapho ukhiye (noma inkinobho yokuqala) ukhishwa, i-voltage iyanyamalala ezintanjeni, imithombo ibuyisela induku endaweni yayo, ivule iqembu lokuxhumana, ibhethri linqanyuliwe ku-starter, imoto kagesi iphelelwe amandla;
• Kulokhu, ihange alisayiphathi imfoloko yokuqala;
• Ngosizo lwentwasahlobo ebuyayo, i-bendix inqanyuliwe emqhele, ngaleso sikhathi okufanele ngabe isivele ijikeleza ngenxa yokusebenza okuzimele kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi.

Le ndlela isebenza kanjani i-classic traction starter. Ngokuya ngokusebenza, idivayisi ingaxhuma imishini eyengeziwe kwisekethe, ngokwesibonelo, i-relay eyengeziwe noma ikhoyili yokuthungela.

Izimpawu nezimbangela zokwehluleka kokudlulisa

Uphawu lokuqala lokwephuka kokudonswa kwe-traction ukungakwazi ukuqala injini. Lapho wenza kanjalo, imisindo engajwayelekile ingazwakala kusuka ku-trigger. Awudingi ukuba ngumakhenikha okhokhelwayo ukuze uhlolisise ukuqala kokuqala okuphukile. Ukuvula ukhiye ngeke kuyivule imoto, noma kuzothatha imizamo eminingi. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi injini isivele isebenza, ukhiye uyadedelwa, kepha isondo le-bendix alisuki egiyeni lendandatho.

Azikho izizathu eziningi kangaka zokuwohloka kwe-traction. Ezimbili zazo ziwumshini - intwasahlobo yokubuya ye-Bendix iphukile noma i-clutch eyeqile iminyene. Esimweni sokuqala, igiya ngeke lihlangane kahle noma ngeke lihlukane nomqhele. Okwesibili, ukujikajika okuhlehlayo akunawo amandla anele okunqoba lokho kumelana. Ngenxa yalokho, i-motor ayijiki noma i-bendx ayidluli.

 Amanye amaphutha ahlotshaniswa nesekethe kagesi, ngakho-ke ukuthola ukuthi yini inkinga, udinga ukuzihlomisa ngamathuluzi afanele.

Ihlola ukudluliswa kwe-starter retractor

I-retractor ingahle ibe nokuchitheka okuningana. Zingasuswa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi idivayisi inqanyulwe emotweni. Kepha ngaphambi kokuthi wenze lokhu, udinga ukwenza izinqubo ezimbalwa ezilula. Bangakwazi ukuqeda "uphawu" olufana nokwehluleka kokuqala.

Ngakho-ke, nazi lezi zinyathelo ezilula:

• Sihlola ukushaja kwebhethri - uma i-starter ichofoza, kepha i-flywheel ayiphenduki, khona-ke akukho mandla anele;
• Ugesi kungenzeka ungageleki kumatheminali ngenxa ye-oxidation ezikhumulweni zebhethri noma okunye ukuxhumana kocingo. Ukuxhuma kuyasuswa futhi izibopho zilungiswa ngokuqinile;
• Hlola ukudluliswa kokuqala ukuze ubone ukuthi kusebenza kahle.

Uma ukungasebenzi kungasuswanga yilezi zenzo, lo mshini uyasuswa emshinini.

Inqubo yokuqaqa ukuqala

Okokuqala, imoto kufanele ishayelwe emgodini, iphakanyiswe kulifti noma iyiswe esikhumulweni esingaphezulu. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukufika endaweni yokuqalisa, yize kwezinye izimoto igumbi lenjini likhulu kangangokuba ukufinyelela ku-starter kungenzeka noma kusuka phezulu.

Isiqalo ngokwaso sisuswa kalula. Okokuqala, khipha izintambo zokuxhumana (kulokhu, kufanele zimakwe ukuze zingadidisi ubumbano). Okulandelayo, amabhawodi akhwele awakhishelwanga, futhi idivayisi isivele isezandleni.

Ungahlola kanjani ukudluliswa kwe-starter retractor

Ukusebenza kwe-retractor kuhlolwe kanjena:

• Oxhumana naye omuhle wedivayisi uxhunywe ku - "+" esigungwini sebhethri;
• Silungisa ucingo olubi ku-terminal engemihle yebhethri, bese sivale olunye uhlangothi lwalecingo esikhwameni sokuqala;
• Ukuchofoza okucacile kusuka kudivayisi kukhombisa ukusebenza okulungile kokudluliswa kwe-traction. Uma i-starter ingaqali imoto, inkinga kufanele ibhekwe kwamanye ama-node, ngokwesibonelo, kumoto kagesi wedivayisi yokuqala;
• Uma kungekho ukusabela, ukuwohloka kuye kwakha edlulisweni.

Starter solenoid edluliselwe ukukhanda

Imvamisa, ukudluliswa kwe-traction akulungisiwe, ngoba izakhi zalo zifakwe ikakhulu ecaleni elingahlukaniseki. Ukuphela kwento engenziwa kuleli cala ukususa ngokucophelela ikhava egingqwayo nge-grinder. Ipuleti lokuxhumana litholakala ngezansi kwalo.

Imvamisa ukungasebenzi kahle kulele ekushisweni kwendawo yokuxhumana. Kulokhu, ipuleti noxhumana nabo bahlanzwa nge-sandpaper. Ngemuva komsebenzi wokulungisa, umzimba uvalwa ngokucophelela.

Kwenziwa inqubo efanayo ngokuguqulwa okugoqekayo. Umehluko kuphela umgomo wokuqaqa nokuhlangana kwesakhiwo.

Uma konke kuhlelekile noxhumana nabo, kepha i-traction ayisebenzi, ngakho-ke, kunenkinga ngama-windings. Kulokhu, ingxenye imane ishintshwe ibe entsha. Ukulungiswa kwalezi zinto akuvamile, bese kuba ngabathandi abenziwe ngesandla kuphela.

Ukukhetha ukudluliswa okusha kwe-solenoid

Ukuthola i-retractor entsha ukuqala ngempumelelo i-powertrain akuwona umsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Ukukhethwa kwenziwa ngokuya ngezincomo zomkhiqizi. Kukhathalogi yesitolo, inkampani inganikeza izinketho ezahlukahlukene zokuqalisa okuthile.

Ungase futhi ukuqaqa ukuziqalela, ukuletha esitolo. Lapho, ochwepheshe bazokusiza ukhethe ukuguqulwa okulungile.

Okokuqala, ukukhetha kufanele kumiswe engxenyeni yokuqala yokugcina, noma ngabe kungenziwanga efektri lapho bekuhlangene khona imoto. Ngokuyinhloko, abakhiqizi bezimoto bahlanganyela kuphela ekuhlanganiseni izimoto, futhi izingxenye zabo ezingasetshenzisiwe zenziwa kwamanye amafektri futhi, kaningi, ngamanye amafemu.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi abahlehlisi bokuqalisa abangaguquki. Zihlukile komunye nomunye hhayi kakhulu ekwakhiweni njengasemandleni we-drive kanye nomgomo wokuxhumeka kwesifunda. Ngalesi sizathu, kufanele uqaphele lapho ukhetha ingxenye entsha.

Abakhiqizi abahamba phambili

Phakathi kwemikhiqizo ethengiswa ezitolo ezithengiswayo, ungathola indawo oyifunayo lapho isitembu senkampani ethile sitholakala khona, kepha ukuphrinta okuncane kungakhombisa ukuthi le yinkampani yokupakisha, futhi umenzi wayo uhluke ngokuphelele. Isibonelo salokhu yimikhiqizo yenkampani yeCargo. Le yinkampani yokupakisha yaseDenmark, kepha hhayi umkhiqizi.

Phakathi kwabakhiqizi abahamba phambili be-retractors esezingeni eliphakeme kukhona:

• Abakhiqizi baseYurophu - iBosch, iProtech, iValeo;
• Amafemu aseJapan - iHitachi, iDenso;
• Futhi umkhiqizi oyedwa waseMelika nguPrestolite.

Ukukhetha imikhiqizo enekhwalithi ephezulu, othanda imoto uzoqinisekisa ukuthi iyunithi yamandla emoto yakhe ingaqala noma nini. Uma ibhethri likhokhisiwe, kunjalo, kodwa lokho kuyisihloko kokunye ukubuyekeza... Okwamanje, bukela ividiyo yokuthi ungayilungisa kanjani ukuziqalela ngokwakho:

Ukudonswa kokungeniswa. Lungisa ngemizuzu engu-5. Ukudonsa Ukudluliswa 2114.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Indlela yokuqonda ukuthi i-retractor ayisebenzi ku-starter? Ngesikhathi somzamo wokuqalisa injini, ukuchofoza akuzwakali, lokhu kuwuphawu lwe-solenoid engasebenzi (pull-in relay). Ukubhaza kumotho egijima nakho kuwuphawu lokungasebenzi kahle kwe-retractor.

Ungayiqala kanjani imoto uma i-solenoid relay ingasebenzi? Kulesi simo, akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa noma iyiphi idivayisi yokuqala kagesi (i-solenoid ngeke ilethe i-bendx kumqhele we-flywheel). Injini izoqala kuphela ngokudonsa.

Isebenza kanjani i-relay yokuqala? Ama-windings amabili: ukuhlehlisa nokubamba; ipuleti lokuxhumana; amabhawodi okuxhumana; i-solenoid relay core. Konke lokhu kusendlini elungiswe kusiqalisi uqobo.