Konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana Vaz 2101 thermostat
Okuqukethwe
Ukwephulwa okuncane kombuso oshisayo wenjini yemoto kungabangela ukwehluleka kwayo. Isici esiyingozi kakhulu sesikhungo sikagesi ukushisa ngokweqile. Ngokuvamile, kwenzeka ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-thermostat - enye yezinto eziyinhloko zesistimu yokupholisa.
Thermostat VAZ 2101
"I-Kopecks", njengabanye abameleli be-VAZ yakudala, ifakwe ama-thermostats akhiqizwa ekhaya, akhiqizwa ngaphansi kwenombolo yekhathalogi 2101-1306010. Izingxenye ezifanayo zafakwa ezimotweni zomndeni wakwaNiva.
Kungani udinga i-thermostat
I-thermostat yakhelwe ukugcina izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lenjini. Eqinisweni, yisilawuli sezinga lokushisa esizenzakalelayo esikuvumela ukuthi ufudumale injini ebandayo ngokushesha futhi uyipholise uma ishisiswe ngevelu elinganiselwe.
Enjini ye-VAZ 2101, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu libhekwa njengeliphakathi kuka-90-115. oC. Ukweqa la manani kugcwele ukushisa ngokweqile, okungabangela i-cylinder head gasket (ikhanda le-cylinder) lishise, kulandele ukucindezelwa kwesistimu yokupholisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, injini ingavele ijame ngenxa yokwanda kosayizi wamapiston okubangelwa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
Yiqiniso, lokhu ngeke kwenzeke ngenjini ebandayo, kodwa ngeke ikwazi ukusebenza ngokuzinza kuze kube yilapho ifudumala kuze kufike ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu. Zonke izici zokuklama zeyunithi yamandla mayelana namandla, isilinganiso sokucindezela kanye ne-torque zincike ngokuqondile kumbuso oshisayo. Ngamanye amazwi, injini ebandayo ayikwazi ukunikeza ukusebenza okumenyezelwe umenzi.
Ukwakhiwa
Ngokwesakhiwo, i-thermostat ye-VAZ 2101 iqukethe amabhlogo amathathu:
- umzimba ongahlukaniseki onezimbobo ezintathu. Yenziwe ngensimbi, enokumelana okuhle kwamakhemikhali. Kungaba ithusi, ithusi noma i-aluminium;
- i-thermoelement. Lena ingxenye eyinhloko yedivayisi, etholakala engxenyeni emaphakathi ye-thermostat. I-thermoelement iqukethe ikesi lensimbi elenziwe ngesimo se-cylinder ne-piston. Isikhala sangaphakathi sengxenye sigcwele i-wax ekhethekile yezobuchwepheshe, evame ukwandisa ngenkuthalo lapho ishisa. Ngokukhula kwevolumu, le wax iphusha i-piston egcwele i-spring, ebuye isebenze umshini we-valve;
- indlela ye-valve. Ihlanganisa ama-valve amabili: i-bypass ne-main. Esokuqala siqinisekisa ukuthi isipholile sinethuba lokujikeleza ku-thermostat uma injini ibanda, sidlula i-radiator, kanti esesibili siyivula indlela yokuthi siye lapho uma sishiselwa ezingeni elithile lokushisa.I-valve ye-bypass ivula emazingeni okushisa aphansi futhi ivumela isipholile ukuba sidlule ngqo enjinini, kanye ne-valve eyinhloko lapho ishiselwa ezingeni elithile lokushisa, iqondise uketshezi kumjikelezo omkhulu kurediyetha.
Isakhiwo sangaphakathi sebhulokhi ngayinye sinentshisekelo yethiyori kuphela, ngoba i-thermostat iyingxenye engahlukaniseki eshintsha ngokuphelele.
Isimiso sokusebenza
Isistimu yokupholisa yenjini ye-VAZ 2101 ihlukaniswe yaba yiziyingi ezimbili lapho isiqandisi singakwazi ukuzungeza khona: ezincane nezinkulu. Lapho uqala injini ebandayo, uketshezi oluvela ejazini lokupholisa lungena ku-thermostat, i-valve eyinhloko evaliwe. Idlula ku-valve ye-bypass, iya ngqo empompini yamanzi (ipompo), futhi isuke kuyo ibuyele enjinini. Ukujikeleza embuthanweni omncane, uketshezi alunaso isikhathi sokupholisa, kodwa lushisa kuphela. Lapho ifinyelela izinga lokushisa 80-85 oNge-wax ngaphakathi kwe-thermoelement iqala ukuncibilika, ikhule ngevolumu futhi iqhube i-piston. Esigabeni sokuqala, i-piston ivula kancane i-valve eyinhloko futhi ingxenye yesipholisi ingena embuthanweni omkhulu. Ngayo, iya kurediyetha, lapho ipholisa khona, idlule ngamashubhu omshini wokushisa, futhi isivele isipholile, iphindiselwa emuva ejazini lokupholisa injini.
Ingxenye eyinhloko yoketshezi iyaqhubeka nokujikeleza embuthanweni omncane, kodwa lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela ku-93-95. oC, i-piston ye-thermocouple inweba ngangokunokwenzeka emzimbeni, ivule ngokugcwele i-valve eyinhloko. Kulesi simo, zonke iziqandisi zihamba embuthanweni omkhulu ngokusebenzisa i-radiator yokupholisa.
Ividiyo: ukuthi i-thermostat isebenza kanjani
Iyiphi i-thermostat engcono
Kunemingcele emibili kuphela lapho i-thermostat yemoto ivame ukukhethwa khona: izinga lokushisa lapho i-valve eyinhloko ivula khona kanye nekhwalithi yengxenye ngokwayo. Ngokuphathelene nezinga lokushisa, imibono yabanikazi bezimoto iyahluka. Abanye bafuna ukuthi kube phezulu, okungukuthi, injini ifudumala isikhathi esincane, kanti abanye, ngokuphambene nalokho, bakhetha ukufudumala injini isikhathi eside. Isimo sezulu kufanele sinakwe lapha. Uma usebenzisa imoto ezimweni zokushisa ezijwayelekile, i-thermostat ejwayelekile evula ngo-80 oC. Uma sikhuluma ngezifunda ezibandayo, kungcono ukukhetha imodeli enezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokuvula.
Ngokuqondene nabakhiqizi kanye nekhwalithi ye-thermostats, ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kwabanikazi be-"kopecks" namanye ama-VAZ asendulo, izingxenye ezenziwe ePoland (KRONER, WEEN, METAL-INKA), kanye naseRussia nge-thermoelements yasePoland ("Pramo ") ezidume kakhulu. Akufanelekile ukucabangela izilawuli zokushisa ezenziwe e-China njengenye indlela eshibhile.
Ikuphi i-thermostat
Ku-VAZ 2101, i-thermostat itholakala phambi kwegumbi lenjini ngakwesokudla. Ungayithola kalula ngamapayipi aminyene wesistimu yokupholisa ayilingana.
Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-VAZ 2101 thermostat kanye nezimpawu zabo
I-thermostat ingaba nokuphuka okubili kuphela: ukulimala komshini, okubangelwa ukuthi umzimba wedivayisi ulahlekelwe ukuqina kwawo, kanye nokugxumeka kwe-valve eyinhloko. Akunangqondo ukucabangela ukungasebenzi kahle kokuqala, ngoba kwenzeka kuyaqabukela (ngenxa yengozi, ukulungiswa okungalungile, njll.). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuwohloka okunjalo kunganqunywa ngisho nokuhlola okubukwayo.
I-jamming ye-valve eyinhloko kwenzeka kaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingajam kokubili endaweni evulekile futhi endaweni evaliwe noma ephakathi. Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, izimpawu zokwehluleka kwazo zizohluka:
- injini ithatha isikhathi eside ukufudumala. Ngokusho kwedatha yepasipoti ye-VAZ 2101, isitshalo samandla kufanele sifudumale ekushiseni okusebenzayo emaminithini angu-4-7, kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa elizungezile. Uma i-motor ingalingani ngalesi sikhathi, cishe, i-valve eyinhloko inamathele endaweni evulekile. Kulokhu, kusukela lapho injini iqala, i-coolant idlula embuthanweni omkhulu, okungukuthi nge-radiator, lapho izinga lokushisa liyancipha khona. Ukuze uqinisekise noma uphikise izinsolo zakho, udinga ukuqala injini ebandayo, ulinde imizuzu engu-1-2 bese uthinta ipayipi lerabha elixhuma i-thermostat nethangi le-radiator elingaphezulu ngesandla sakho. Uma kufudumala, i-valve inamathele endaweni evulekile noma ephakathi. Kungenzeka ukuqhubeka nokusebenza imoto ezimweni ezinjalo, kodwa asikho isiqinisekiso sokuthi i-valve ngeke ihambe ngendlela ehlukile futhi ngeke "inamathele", ivimbele ukugeleza kwefriji ku-radiator;Uma ipayipi le-radiator elingenhla lifudumala ngemva kwemizuzu engu-1-2 yokusebenza kwenjini, khona-ke i-valve eyinhloko ye-thermostat ibambeke ivuliwe.
- injini ifudumala ngaphambi kwemizuzu emi-4, bese kuba nokushisa okucacile, okuqinisekiswe ukufundwa kwenzwa yokushisa epholile. Kulokhu, i-valve inamathele endaweni evaliwe. Ukuze siqinisekise, ake siphendukele epayipini elifanayo elisuka ku-thermostat liye phezulu kurediyetha. Uma kuhlala kubanda ngemva kwemizuzu emine, i-thermostat inephutha. Akunakwenzeka ukuqhubeka nokushayela ngokuphuka okunjalo, ngaphandle kwalokho injini izohluleka.;
- izinga lokushisa leyunithi yamandla okusebenza alizinzile. Uma i-valve ibambeke endaweni emaphakathi, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlonza ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-thermostat ngaphandle kokuyiqaqa. Kodwa uma uqaphela ukuthi umcibisholo wedivayisi yenzwa yokushisa ushintsha njalo isikhundla sawo (ngenzwa enhle eyaziwayo kanye nedivayisi), i-thermostat cishe iyisizathu salokhu. Ukuwohloka okunjalo akubangeli usongo olukhulu enjinini, noma kunjalo, kufanele kuqedwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kungani i-thermostat ihluleka futhi kungenzeka yini ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwayo
Ukuzijwayeza kubonisa ukuthi ngisho ne-thermostat enegama elibiza kakhulu ayihlali ngaphezu kweminyaka emine. Ngokuqondene nama-analogues ashibhile, izinkinga nazo zingavela ngisho nangemva kwenyanga yokusebenza. Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuphuka kwedivayisi zihlanganisa:
- ukusetshenziswa kwe-coolant yekhwalithi ephansi;
- ukuba khona ohlelweni lokupholisa lwemikhiqizo ye-oxidation, amanzi, ukungcola;
- ukukhiqiza ukukhubazeka.
Imikhiqizo yokugqwala kanye nemfucumfucu ehlukahlukene ngokuvamile iyimbangela ye-valve eyinhloko. Usuku nosuku zifakwa ezindongeni zangaphakathi zecala futhi ngesikhathi esithile ziqala ukuphazamisa ukuhamba kwayo mahhala. Yile ndlela "ukunamathela" okwenzeka ngayo.
Ngokuqondene nomshado, kwenzeka kaningi. Asikho nesisodwa isitolo sezimoto, ingasaphathwa eyokuthengisa emakethe yezimoto, esizoqinisekisa ukuthi i-thermostat oyithengile izovula futhi ivale ezingeni lokushisa eliboniswe kupasipoti, futhi ngokuvamile isebenze ngendlela efanele. Kungakho ucela irisidi ungalilahli iphakethe uma kwenzeka kukhona okungahambi kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokufaka ingxenye entsha, ungabi nobuvila ukuyihlola.
- amafutha enjini (angasebenzi);
- isitsha sensimbi esingabamba i-thermostat ukuze ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele ngamafutha;
- isitofu segesi noma sikagesi;
- i-aerosol WD-40 noma okulinganayo;
- i-carburetor cleaner.
Okufanele ukwenze uma i-thermostat ibhajwe ivaliwe emgwaqeni
Emgwaqeni, i-valve ye-thermostat eboshwe embuthanweni omncane ingabangela izinkinga eziningi, kusukela ohambweni oluphazamisekile kuya esidingweni sokulungiswa okuphuthumayo. Nokho, kwezinye izimo, lezi zinkinga zingagwenywa. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa lesipholisi ngesikhathi futhi uvimbele ukushisisa okubalulekile kwesitshalo samandla. Okwesibili, uma unesethi yokhiye, futhi kukhona isitolo sezimoto eduze, i-thermostat ingashintshwa. Okwesithathu, ungazama ukuhlanganisa i-valve. Futhi ekugcineni, ungakwazi ukushayela kancane ekhaya.
Ungahlola kanjani i-thermostat
Ungakwazi ukuxilonga i-thermostat ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kochwepheshe. Inqubo yokuyibheka ilula kakhulu, kodwa ngenxa yalokhu ingxenye izodinga ukudilizwa. Sizocubungula inqubo yokuyikhipha enjinini engezansi. Futhi manje cabanga ukuthi sesivele sikwenzile lokhu futhi i-thermostat isezandleni zethu. Ngendlela, ingaba idivayisi entsha, esanda kuthengwa, noma ibuyiselwe ngokubilisa emafutheni.
Ukuze sihlole i-thermostat, sidinga kuphela iketela lamanzi abilayo. Sibeka idivayisi kusinki (usinki, ipani, ibhakede) ukuze ipayipi elixhuma ingxenye enjini libe phezulu. Okulandelayo, uthele amanzi abilayo asuka eketela ungene ku-nozzle ngomfudlana omncane bese ubheka okwenzekayo. Okokuqala, amanzi kufanele adlule ku-valve yokudlula futhi athulule epayipini legatsha eliphakathi, futhi ngemva kokushisa i-thermoelement kanye nokusebenza kwe-valve eyinhloko, kusukela kwephansi.
Ividiyo: ukuhlola i-thermostat
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Kumiselela i-thermostat
Ungashintsha isilawuli sezinga lokushisa "kupeni" ngezandla zakho. Kwamathuluzi nezinto zokwakha zalokhu uzodinga:
- i-screwdriver encane noma i-Phillips screwdriver enkulu (kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwezintambo eziqinisa imikhawulo yamapayipi);
- ukudonsa 13 mm;
- isitsha sokuqoqa okokupholisa;
- indwangu eyomile;
- i-coolant (ukugcwalisa).
Isusa i-thermostat
Inqubo yokudilizwa imi kanje:
- Misa imoto endaweni esezingeni. Uma injini ishisa, yiyeke iphole ngokuphelele.
- Vula i-hood, khulula ama-caps ku-tank yokwandisa kanye naku-radiator.Ukuze ukhiphe isipholile ngokushesha, udinga ukukhulula ama-caps we-radiator kanye nethangi lokunweba
- Beka isitsha ngaphansi kwepulaki yokudonsa efrijini.
- Khipha ipulaki ngesikrufu esingu-13 mm.Ukuze ukhulule ukhokho, udinga isikrufu esingu-13 mm
- Sikhipha ingxenye yoketshezi (1-1,5 l).Isipholile esikhishwe amanzi singasetshenziswa kabusha
- Sisonta ukhokho.
- Sula uketshezi oluchithekile ngeragi.
- Usebenzisa i-screwdriver, khulula ukuqiniswa kwezinsimbi futhi, ngayinye ngayinye, unqamule amapayipi emibhobho ye-thermostat.Izinsimbi zithukululwa nge-screwdriver
- Sisusa i-thermostat.Lapho ama-clamps ekhululiwe, ama-hoses angasuswa kalula emibhobho
Ifaka i-thermostat entsha
Ukufaka ingxenye entsha, senza umsebenzi olandelayo:
- Sibeka iziphetho zamapayipi wesistimu yokupholisa kumapayipi we-thermostat.Ukwenza okokufakwayo kube lula ukukufaka, udinga ukumanzisa izindawo zazo zangaphakathi ngesipholile.
- Qinisa ama-clamps ngokuqinile, kodwa hhayi yonke indlela.
- Thela isipholile ku-radiator kuze kube sezingeni. Sisonta ama-caps we-tank kanye ne-radiator.
- Siqala injini, siyifudumeza futhi sihlole ukusebenza kwedivayisi ngokunquma izinga lokushisa le-hose engenhla ngesandla.
- Uma i-thermostat isebenza ngokujwayelekile, cisha injini bese uqinisa izinsimbi.
Ividiyo: esikhundleni se-thermostat
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Njengoba ubona, akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ekwakhiweni kwe-thermostat noma inqubo yokuyishintsha. Ngezikhathi ezithile hlola ukusebenza kwalolu cingo futhi uqaphe izinga lokushisa lesipholisi, khona-ke injini yemoto yakho izohlala isikhathi eside kakhulu.